Coping with the Shock of Intrafamilial Sexual Abuse
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Emotional Fortitude: the Inner Work of the CEO
FEATURE Emotional fortitude The inner work of the CEO Benjamin Finzi, Mark Lipton, Kathy Lu, and Vincent Firth Emotional fortitude: The inner work of the CEO Emotional fortitude—the ability to stay clear-headed while exploring one’s emotional reactions to sources of tension—can improve a CEO’s resilience to the stressors of decision-making and lead to better decision outcomes. HETHER AT A large, established firm or a work” that effective CEOs perform as they journey fast-growing one, making decisions through the decision-making process and live with Wwhile staring disruption in the face may the consequences. be the most grueling element of being a CEO. Data feels insufficient. Assumptions feel tenuous. Options feel How can CEOs increase their constrained. Timing feels rushed. chances of making an optimal Outcomes feel binary: The decision either takes the organization in the right decision when all of the direction or the wrong one. alternatives may not be known, Yet executives—particularly CEOs—are when time is not on their side, expected to be the most qualified people in their organization to make decisions. and when emotions play a central CEOs, perhaps more than those in any role before, during, and after the other executive role, feel enormous pressure to get it “right.” Even the most decision is made? level-headed CEO is apt to experience sleepless nights and personal doubts about the choices they make and the consequences The intellectual and emotional that result. If the decision ultimately proves to be a tensions of perilous decisions poor one, there is no one else to blame. -
Conceptualizing Shame: Investigating Uses of the English Word Shame, 1418–1991
Conceptualizing Shame: Investigating Uses of the English Word Shame, 1418–1991 Heli Tissari1 University of Helsinki 1. Introduction This is a cognitive linguistic study on the English word shame since the early fifteenth century, as represented by data collected from several electronic corpora. Kövecses (1986, 1988, 1990) has written several books on emotion concepts in English, and Tissari (2003), in a study on the English word love in early modern and present-day English, used his research on the concept of love as a starting-point for looking at the metaphors of love. This paper continues in the same vein of diachronic research, turning to look at the word shame and the concept of shame. Because Kövecses (1986, 1990) does not pay special attention to the concept of shame, this study is modelled after his description of the concept of pride. Furthermore, it considers the possibility of using Kaufman’s theory of shame (1996 [1989]) as a basis for categorizing causes of shame. In addition to adding to our knowledge on the diachronic development of emotion words and concepts in English, this research forms part of a more general project concerning ‘positive’, as opposed to ‘negative’, emotion words. The terms ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ cannot be understood as unambiguously characterizing each emotion or emotion word, however. Shame can be considered a bad experience, but people also think that it is a proper reaction to a person’s own bad behaviour, necessary for the right kind of self-knowledge. The relationship between shame and pride is thus also not straightforward, but whether pride is the ‘positive’ counterpart of shame depends very much on circumstances and on beliefs concerning people’s rights and duties. -
Perceived Social Rank, Social Expectation, Shame and General Emotionality Within Psychopathy
Perceived social rank, social expectation, shame and general emotionality within psychopathy Sarah Keen D. Clin.Psy. Thesis (Volume 1), 2008 University College London UMI Number: U591545 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U591545 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Overview Within the psychological literature, the self-conscious emotion of shame is proving to be an area of growing interest. This thesis addresses the application of this emotion, as well as self and social evaluative processes, to our understanding of offenders, specifically those high in psychopathic traits. Part 1 reviews the literature concerning emotionality within psychopathy, in order to assess the capabilities, as well as the deficits that people with psychopathic traits demonstrate. Emotions classified as ‘moral’ or ‘self-conscious’, namely empathy, sympathy, guilt, remorse, shame, embarrassment and pride, are investigated. From the review it is clear that psychopaths are not the truly unemotional individuals that they are commonly portrayed as being, but instead experience many emotions to varying degrees. This paper concludes by highlighting possible areas for further exploration and research. -
Emotional Doubt and Divine Hiddenness
Eruditio Ardescens The Journal of Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Volume 1 Issue 2 Volume 1, Issue 2 (Spring 2014) Article 1 5-2014 Emotional Doubt and Divine Hiddenness A. Chadwick Thornhill Liberty University Baptist Theological Seminary Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/jlbts Part of the Practical Theology Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Thornhill, A. Chadwick (2014) "Emotional Doubt and Divine Hiddenness," Eruditio Ardescens: Vol. 1 : Iss. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/jlbts/vol1/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in Eruditio Ardescens by an authorized editor of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Emotional Doubt and Divine Hiddenness A. Chadwick Thornhill* Emotionally motivated doubts concerning one’s religious faith can generate severe pain and anxiety in the life of a believer. These doubts may generate both emotional and physical problems that also significantly affect their health. Os Guinness in speaking of this type of doubt asserts, “no one is hurt more than the doubter. Afraid to believe what they want to believe, they fail to believe what they need to believe, and they alone are the losers.” 1 While recent Christian scholarship has begun to be more attentive to this issue as it pertains to addressing the emotional doubts of the church community, much more work needs to be done concerning this prevalent issue. One issue in particular which may motivate emotional doubt and permit it to fester is that of divine hiddenness, or the silence of God. -
Definitions of Child Abuse and Neglect
STATE STATUTES Current Through March 2019 WHAT’S INSIDE Defining child abuse or Definitions of Child neglect in State law Abuse and Neglect Standards for reporting Child abuse and neglect are defined by Federal Persons responsible for the child and State laws. At the State level, child abuse and neglect may be defined in both civil and criminal Exceptions statutes. This publication presents civil definitions that determine the grounds for intervention by Summaries of State laws State child protective agencies.1 At the Federal level, the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment To find statute information for a Act (CAPTA) has defined child abuse and neglect particular State, as "any recent act or failure to act on the part go to of a parent or caregiver that results in death, https://www.childwelfare. serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, gov/topics/systemwide/ or exploitation, or an act or failure to act that laws-policies/state/. presents an imminent risk of serious harm."2 1 States also may define child abuse and neglect in criminal statutes. These definitions provide the grounds for the arrest and prosecution of the offenders. 2 CAPTA Reauthorization Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-320), 42 U.S.C. § 5101, Note (§ 3). Children’s Bureau/ACYF/ACF/HHS 800.394.3366 | Email: [email protected] | https://www.childwelfare.gov Definitions of Child Abuse and Neglect https://www.childwelfare.gov CAPTA defines sexual abuse as follows: and neglect in statute.5 States recognize the different types of abuse in their definitions, including physical abuse, The employment, use, persuasion, inducement, neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. -
Development and Persuasion Processing: an Investigation of Children's Advertising Susceptibility and Understanding
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2013 Development and Persuasion Processing: An Investigation of Children's Advertising Susceptibility and Understanding Matthew Allen Lapierre University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Communication Commons Recommended Citation Lapierre, Matthew Allen, "Development and Persuasion Processing: An Investigation of Children's Advertising Susceptibility and Understanding" (2013). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 770. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/770 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/770 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Development and Persuasion Processing: An Investigation of Children's Advertising Susceptibility and Understanding Abstract Over the past 40 years, research on children's understanding of commercial messages and how they respond to these messages has tried to explain why younger children are less likely to understand these messages and are more likely to respond favorably to them with varying success (Kunkel et al., 2004; Ward, Wackman, & Wartella, 1977), however this line of research has been criticized for not adequately engaging developmental research or theorizing to explain why/how children responde to persuasive messages (Moses & Baldwin, 2005; Rozendaal, Lapierre, Buijzen, van Reijmersdal, 2011). The current study attempts to change this by empirically testing whether children's developing theory of mind, executive function, and emotion regulation helps to bolster their reaction to advertisements and their understanding of commercial messages. With a sample of 79 children between the ages of 6 to 9 and their parents, this study sought to determine if these developmental mechanisms were linked to processing of advertisements and understanding of commercial intent. -
Gaslighting, Misogyny, and Psychological Oppression Cynthia A
The Monist, 2019, 102, 221–235 doi: 10.1093/monist/onz007 Article Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/monist/article-abstract/102/2/221/5374582 by University of Utah user on 11 March 2019 Gaslighting, Misogyny, and Psychological Oppression Cynthia A. Stark* ABSTRACT This paper develops a notion of manipulative gaslighting, which is designed to capture something not captured by epistemic gaslighting, namely the intent to undermine women by denying their testimony about harms done to them by men. Manipulative gaslighting, I propose, consists in getting someone to doubt her testimony by challeng- ing its credibility using two tactics: “sidestepping” (dodging evidence that supports her testimony) and “displacing” (attributing to her cognitive or characterological defects). I explain how manipulative gaslighting is distinct from (mere) reasonable disagree- ment, with which it is sometimes confused. I also argue for three further claims: that manipulative gaslighting is a method of enacting misogyny, that it is often a collective phenomenon, and, as collective, qualifies as a mode of psychological oppression. The term “gaslighting” has recently entered the philosophical lexicon. The literature on gaslighting has two strands. In one, gaslighting is characterized as a form of testi- monial injustice. As such, it is a distinctively epistemic injustice that wrongs persons primarily as knowers.1 Gaslighting occurs when someone denies, on the basis of another’s social identity, her testimony about a harm or wrong done to her.2 In the other strand, gaslighting is described as a form of wrongful manipulation and, indeed, a form of emotional abuse. This use follows the use of “gaslighting” in therapeutic practice.3 On this account, the aim of gaslighting is to get another to see her own plausible perceptions, beliefs, or memories as groundless.4 In what follows, I develop a notion of manipulative gaslighting, which I believe is necessary to capture a social phenomenon not accounted for by epistemic gaslight- ing. -
Psychopathy and Physiological Response to Emotionally Evocative Sounds
Journal of Abnormal Psychology Copyright 2004 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 2004, Vol. 113, No. 1, 99–108 0021-843X/04/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0021-843X.113.1.99 Psychopathy and Physiological Response to Emotionally Evocative Sounds Edelyn Verona Christopher J. Patrick Kent State University University of Minnesota John J. Curtin Margaret M. Bradley and Peter J. Lang University of Wisconsin—Madison University of Florida Despite considerable evidence that psychopathic criminals are deviant in their emotional reactions, few studies have examined responses to both pleasurable and aversive stimuli or assessed the role of different facets of psychopathy in affective deviations. This study investigated physiological reactions to emo- tional sounds in prisoners selected according to scores on the 2 factors of Hare’s Psychopathy Check- list—Revised (PCL–R; R. D. Hare, 1991). Offenders high on the PCL-R emotional–interpersonal factor, regardless of scores on the social deviance factor, showed diminished skin conductance responses to both pleasant and unpleasant sounds, suggesting a deficit in the action mobilization component of emotional response. Offenders who scored high only on the social deviance factor showed a delay in heart rate differentiation between affective and neutral sounds. These findings indicate abnormal reactivity to both positive and negative emotional stimuli in psychopathic individuals, and suggest differing roles for the 2 facets of psychopathy in affective processing deviations. Cleckley (1976) characterized psychopathy as a “mask of san- A limitation of this existing literature is that most published ity” in which overtly normal intelligence and verbal presentation studies have assessed reactivity to unpleasant emotional cues only, disguise a severe underlying pathology. -
The Evolution of Animal Play, Emotions, and Social Morality: on Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, and Love
WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 12-2001 The Evolution of Animal Play, Emotions, and Social Morality: On Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, and Love Marc Bekoff University of Colorado Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/acwp_sata Part of the Animal Studies Commons, Behavior and Ethology Commons, and the Comparative Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Bekoff, M. (2001). The evolution of animal play, emotions, and social morality: on science, theology, spirituality, personhood, and love. Zygon®, 36(4), 615-655. This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Evolution of Animal Play, Emotions, and Social Morality: On Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, and Love Marc Bekoff University of Colorado KEYWORDS animal emotions, animal play, biocentric anthropomorphism, critical anthropomorphism, personhood, social morality, spirituality ABSTRACT My essay first takes me into the arena in which science, spirituality, and theology meet. I comment on the enterprise of science and how scientists could well benefit from reciprocal interactions with theologians and religious leaders. Next, I discuss the evolution of social morality and the ways in which various aspects of social play behavior relate to the notion of “behaving fairly.” The contributions of spiritual and religious perspectives are important in our coming to a fuller understanding of the evolution of morality. I go on to discuss animal emotions, the concept of personhood, and how our special relationships with other animals, especially the companions with whom we share our homes, help us to define our place in nature, our humanness. -
Assessing Construct Overlap Between Secondary Psychopathy and Borderline Personality Disorder
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2015 The Sensitive Psychopath: Assessing Construct Overlap Between Secondary Psychopathy and Borderline Personality Disorder Trevor H. Barese Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/851 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] THE SENSITIVE PSYCHOPATH: ASSESSING CONSTRUCT OVERLAP BETWEEN SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY AND BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER By TREVOR H. BARESE A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Clinical Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2015 CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY ii © 2015 TREVOR BARESE All Rights Reserved CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY iii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Clinical Psychology in satisfaction of the Dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Michele Galietta_____________________ _____________________ ___________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee Maureen O’Connor___________________ _____________________ ___________________________________ Date Executive Officer Patricia A. Zapf_____________________ Andrew A. Shiva____________________ Barry Rosenfeld_____________________ Stephen D. Hart______________________ Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY iv Abstract THE SENSITIVE PSYCHOPATH: ASSESSING CONSTRUCT OVERLAP BETWEEN SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY AND BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER By Trevor H. Barese Adviser: Professor Michele Galietta The literature suggests substantial overlap between secondary psychopathy and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). -
Is It Aggression? Perceptions of and Motivations for Passive and Psychological
1 NOTE: DRAFT – DO NO QUOTE Is it aggression? Perceptions of and motivations for passive and psychological aggression Deborah South Richardson and Georgina S. Hammock Augusta State University This chapter reviews programs of research on correlates and perceptions of “everyday” forms of aggression that often are not considered in traditional aggression research. Studies of correlates and perceptions of passive aggression reveal that such behavior is often motivated by intentions other than the intention to cause harm (e.g., inducing guilt) – although the effect is to harm the target. Similarly, comparison of perceptions of psychological and physical aggression reveal that psychological aggression, which is defined in terms of harming an individual’s self regard, may be perceived as less damaging than physical aggression although the potential for long- term harm is greater. Psychological aggression appears to be motivated as much by the desire to control as by the intention to harm the target. The research summary will conclude by raising questions about our standard definitions of aggressive behavior. Introduction Aggression is typically defined as behavior intended to harm another person (Baron & Richardson, 1994). Although there has been some argument about whether intention should be part of the aggression (i.e., aggression is behavior that harms, regardless of intention of the aggressor), most current definitions of aggression involve the concept of intention to harm. This definition of aggression requires that we consider 2 the observer’s inference about an actor’s goals (Tedeschi & Felson, 1994). Thus, this chapter will review research that has examined observer’s perceptions of motivations for and effects of acts of everyday aggression. -
Running Head: SHAME 1 the Significance of Shame: an Adlerian Perspective a Literature Review Presented to the Faculty of The
Running head: SHAME 1 The Significance of Shame: An Adlerian Perspective A Literature Review Presented to The Faculty of the Adler Graduate School _____________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts in Adlerian Counseling and Psychotherapy ______________________ By John R. Nord ______________________ Chair: Meg Whiston, PhD Reader: Rachelle J. Reinisch, DMFT _____________________ October, 2017 SHAME 2 The Significance of Shame: An Adlerian Perspective Copyright © 2017 John R. Nord All rights reserved SHAME 3 Abstract Shame is a universal affect and emotion which has application within cultures and to individuals throughout the world. It can be considered an aid to learning, teaching, or punishing, and it can also be imposed to control or defeat others. Shame refers to a reaction experience of having violated cultural, community, familial, or individual norms in an unacceptable way and having the hidden, vulnerable self exposed to others against our will. For some individuals, shame can represent a minor impact to their lives and well-being. For others, it can be an all-encompassing, life-threatening problem. Shame can appear as an affect during the course of a child’s normally healthy learning. Problematic shame can originate from a number of sources resulting in unmediated mistaken beliefs from dysfunctional infant/caregiving which are never adequately resolved. Traumatic shame can result from multiple sources including family or peer relationships with repetitive abuse. Any repetitive shaming can unconsciously become an internalized secret. An understanding of pathological shame is indeed critical for evaluating client functioning. Either shame or shame proneness within any societal, familial, or occupational relationship or manifesting within an individual can have far reaching implications and long-term consequences.