Way of the Ferret: Finding and Using Resources on the Internet
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The Origins of the Underline As Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: a Case Study in Skeuomorphism
The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Romano, John J. 2016. The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism. Master's thesis, Harvard Extension School. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33797379 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism John J Romano A Thesis in the Field of Visual Arts for the Degree of Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies Harvard University November 2016 Abstract This thesis investigates the process by which the underline came to be used as the default signifier of hyperlinks on the World Wide Web. Created in 1990 by Tim Berners- Lee, the web quickly became the most used hypertext system in the world, and most browsers default to indicating hyperlinks with an underline. To answer the question of why the underline was chosen over competing demarcation techniques, the thesis applies the methods of history of technology and sociology of technology. Before the invention of the web, the underline–also known as the vinculum–was used in many contexts in writing systems; collecting entities together to form a whole and ascribing additional meaning to the content. -
Usenet Gopher
Usenet Usenet is a worldwide distributed discussion system. It was developed from the general-purpose UUCP dial-up network architecture. Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis conceived the idea in !"#"$ and it was established in !"%&.'!( Users read and post messages (called articles or posts$ and collectively termed news* to one or more categories$ known as newsgroups. Usenet resembles a bulletin board system )++,* in many respects and is the precursor to Internet forums that are widely used today. Usenet can be superficially regarded as a hybrid between email and web forums. .iscussions are threaded$ as with web forums and ++,s$ though posts are stored on the server sequentially. Usenet is a collection of user-submitted notes or messages on various subjects that are posted to servers on a worldwide network. Each subject collection of posted notes is known as a newsgroup. There are thousands of newsgroups and it is possible for you to form a new one. 1ost newsgroups are hosted on Internet-connected servers$ but they can also be hosted from servers that are not part of the Internet. 2opher 3 system that pre-dates the 4orld 4ide 4eb for organizing and displaying -les on Internet servers. 3 Gopher server presents its contents as a hierarchically structured list of -les. 4ith the ascendance of the 4eb, many gopher databases were converted to 4eb sites which can be more easily accessed via 4eb search engines . The Gopher protocol is a TCP/IP application layer protocol designed for distributing, searching$ and retrieving documents over the Internet. The Gopher protocol was strongly oriented towards a menu-document design and presented an alternative to the 4orld 4ide 4eb in its early stages$ but ultimately 7TTP became the dominant protocol. -
TRABAJO DE DIPLOMA Título: Diseño De La Página Web De Antenas
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA Departamento de Telecomunicaciones y Electrónica TRABAJO DE DIPLOMA Título: Diseño de la Página Web de Antenas Autor: Alaín Hidalgo Burgos Tutor: Dr. Roberto Jiménez Hernández Santa Clara 2006 “Año de la Revolución Energética en Cuba” Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA Departamento de Telecomunicaciones y Electrónica TTRRAABBAAJJOO DDEE DDIIPPLLOOMMAA Diseño de la Página Web de Antenas Autor: Alaín Hidalgo Burgos e-mail: [email protected] Tutor: Dr. Roberto Jiménez Hernández Prof. Dpto. de Telecomunicaciones y electrónica Facultad de Ing. Eléctrica. UCLV. e-mail: [email protected] Santa Clara Curso 2005-2006 “Año de la Revolución Energética en Cuba” Hago constar que el presente trabajo de diploma fue realizado en la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas como parte de la culminación de estudios de la especialidad de Ingeniería en Telecomunicaciones y Electrónica, autorizando a que el mismo sea utilizado por la Institución, para los fines que estime conveniente, tanto de forma parcial como total y que además no podrá ser presentado en eventos, ni publicados sin autorización de la Universidad. Firma del Autor Los abajo firmantes certificamos que el presente trabajo ha sido realizado según acuerdo de la dirección de nuestro centro y el mismo cumple con los requisitos que debe tener un trabajo de esta envergadura referido a la temática señalada. Firma del Tutor Firma del Jefe de Departamento donde se defiende el trabajo Firma del Responsable de Información Científico-Técnica PENSAMIENTO “El néctar de la victoria se bebe en la copa del sacrificio” DEDICATORIA Dedico este trabajo a mis padres, a mí hermana y a mi novia por ser las personas más hermosas que existen y a las cuales les debo todo. -
DOCUMENT RESUME AUTHOR Webnet 96 Conference Proceedings
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 427 649 IR 019 168 AUTHOR Maurer, Hermann, Ed. TITLE WebNet 96 Conference Proceedings (San Francisco, California, October 15-19, 1996). INSTITUTION Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education, Charlottesville, VA. PUB DATE 1996-10-00 NOTE 930p.; For selected individual papers, see IR 019 169-198. Many figures and tables are illegible. AVAILABLE FROM Web site: http://aace.virginia.edu/aace/conf/webnet/proc96.html; also archived on WebNet 98 CD-ROM (includes 1996, 1997, 1998) AACE Membership/CD orders, P.O. Box 2966, Charlottesville, VA 22902; Fax: 804-978-7449 ($35, AACE members, $40, nonmembers). PUB TYPE Collected Works Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MF06/PC38 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Access to Information; Authoring Aids (Programming); Computer Science; Computer Software; Courseware; Databases; Distance Education; Educational Media; Educational Strategies; *Educational Technology; Electronic Libraries; Elementary Secondary Education; *Hypermedia; Information Technology; Instructional Design; Multimedia Materials; Postsecondary Education; *World Wide Web IDENTIFIERS Electronic Commerce; Software Tools; Virtual Classrooms; *Web Sites ABSTRACT This proceedings contains 80 full papers, 12 posters/demonstrations, 108 short papers, one panel, and one tutorial, all focusing on World Wide Web applications. Topics include: designing hypertext navigation tools; Web site design; distance education via the Web; instructional design; the world-wide market and censorshipon the Web; customer support via the Web; VRML; -
Variational Text Linguistics: Revisiting Register in English
Christoph Schubert and Christina Sanchez-Stockhammer (Eds.) Variational Text Linguistics Topics in English Linguistics Editors Elizabeth Closs Traugott Bernd Kortmann Volume 90 Variational Text Linguistics Revisiting Register in English Edited by Christoph Schubert Christina Sanchez-Stockhammer ISBN 978-3-11-044310-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-044355-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-043533-7 ISSN 1434-3452 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Cover image: Brian Stablyk/Photographer’s Choice RF/Getty Images Typesetting: fidus Publikations-Service GmbH, Nördlingen Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Acknowledgements The foundations for this edited collection of articles were laid at the interna- tional conference Register revisited: New perspectives on functional text variety in English, which took place at the University of Vechta, Germany, from June 27 to 29, 2013. The aim of the present volume is to conserve the research papers and many inspiring discussions which were stimulated then and to make them available to a larger audience. It was only possible to achieve this aim thanks to the help of many people joining us in the effort. First and foremost, we would like to thank all contributors for their continued cooperation in this project. -
Regulating Search Engines: Taking Stock and Looking Ahead
GASSER: REGULATING SEARCH ENGINES REGULATING SEARCH ENGINES: TAKING STOCK AND LOOKING AHEAD "To exist is to be indexed by a search engine" (Introna & Nissenbaum) URS GASSER TABLE OF CONTENTS I. IN TR O D UCTIO N ....................................................................................... 202 II. A BRIEF (AND CASUAL) HISTORY OF SEARCH ENGINES ..................... 203 Il. SEARCH ENGINE REGULATION: PAST AND PRESENT ........................ 208 A. OVERVIEW OF SEARCH ENGINE-RELATED CASES ............................ 208 B. LEGISLATION AND REGULATION ................................................. 216 C . SU M M AR Y .......................................................................................... 2 19 III. POSSIBLE FUTURE: HETEROGENEOUS POLICY DEBATES AND THE NEED FOR A NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK ......................................... 220 A. THEMES OF FUTURE POLICY DEBATES ............................................. 220 B . C HALLENGES A HEAD ........................................................................ 224 C. NORMATIVE FOUNDATIONS .............................................................. 227 IV . C ON CLU SIO N ....................................................................................... 234 * Associate Professor of Law, S.J.D. (St. Gallen), J.D. (St. Gallen), LL.M. (Harvard), Attorney at Law, Director, Research Center for Information Law, Univ. of St. Gallen, Faculty Fellow, Berkman Center for Internet & Society, Harvard Law School. I owe special thanks to my colleague James Thurman and the -
Biology 3596B – Genomics and Beyond – Winter 2021
Department of Biology BIOLOGY 3596B – GENOMICS AND BEYOND – WINTER 2021 Welcome to Bio 3596! My goal is to help you learn and be successful! Please, read and keep this course outline handy, because it is an official document that contains important course information. 1. General Course Information ...................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1. Course Information ............................................................................................................................ 2 Course description .............................................................................................................................................................. 2 List of Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 Mode of delivery ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Technical requirements: ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2. Online Participation and Engagement: contribution to community learning ....................................... 3 1.3. Key Sessional Dates ........................................................................................................................... -
Search Engines : Tools for Exploring the Internet
CALIBER-98. 4-5 March 1998. Bhubaneswar. pp.193-199 @ 1NFLIBNET Centre. Ahmedabad Search Engines : Tools For Exploring The Internet SWAPAN KUMAR DASGUPTA Central Library, Kalyani University, Klyuniv @giasclOl. vsnl.net.in Abstract A software package for searching a particular information or topic from the vast amount of information available in INTERNET is called a search engine. The common search engines are Altavista. Webcrawler, Yahoo, Lycos, Infoseek, Aliweb. The author provides a list of search engines in INTERNET covering wide areas of interest and then brief description of URLs. After mentioning about the role of the INFLIBNET in modemising the university libraries and in improving the on-line access by creating its web page, the author says that in order to improve upon the education and research infrastructure of the country. some changes are necessary in our present thinking and approach. Introdution Internet is a global mesh and may be called a large repository of information put up by the user. Searching in a particular information or topic of interest, is an intricate task due to the fabulous size of Internet, and vast amount of information, and its many possible methods of storage. A software package for this purpose is called a search engine. Common Search Engines The common WWW search engines are Altavista, Webcrawler, Yahoo, Lycos, Infoseek, Aliweb. Some of these sites may be very busy, then the user has to try for another site, or may press G key for going to another URL. People are not aware that, netsurf can be of various ways. They may say it seems to be time consuming, but the fact is it is free from traditional constraints of time and space. -
Informa2on Retrieval
Introducon to Informaon Retrieval Introducon to Informaon Retrieval Brief (non‐technical) history . Early keyword‐based engines ca. 1995‐1997 Introducon to . Altavista, Excite, Infoseek, Inktomi, Lycos Informaon Retrieval . Paid search ranking: Goto (morphed into Overture.com → Yahoo!) CS276 . Your search ranking depended on how much you Informaon Retrieval and Web Search paid Pandu Nayak and Prabhakar Raghavan . Aucon for keywords: casino was expensive! Lecture 15: Web search basics 2 Introducon to Informaon Retrieval Introducon to Informaon Retrieval Brief (non‐technical) history . 1998+: Link‐based ranking pioneered by Google . Blew away all early engines save Inktomi . Great user experience in search of a business model . Meanwhile Goto/Overture’s annual revenues were nearing $1 billion Paid . Result: Google added paid search “ads” to the side, Search Ads independent of search results . Yahoo followed suit, acquiring Overture (for paid placement) and Inktomi (for search) . 2005+: Google gains search share, dominang in Europe and very strong in North America . 2009: Yahoo! and Microso propose combined paid search offering Algorithmic results. 3 4 Introducon to Informaon Retrieval Sec. 19.4.1 Introducon to Informaon Retrieval Sec. 19.4.1 Web search basics User Needs . Need [Brod02, RL04] User . Informaonal – want to learn about something (~40% / 65%) . Navigaonal – want to go to that page (~25% / 15%) Web spider . Transaconal – want to do something (web‐mediated) (~35% / 20%) . Access a service . Downloads Search . Shop Indexer . Gray areas . Find a good hub . Exploratory search “see what’s there” The Web Indexes Ad indexes5 6 1 Introducon to Informaon Retrieval Introducon to Informaon Retrieval How far do people look for results? Users’ empirical evaluaon of results . -
Peer-To-Peer Protocol and Application Detection Support
Peer-to-Peer Protocol and Application Detection Support This appendix lists all the protocols and applications currently supported by Cisco ASR 5500 ADC. • Supported Protocols and Applications, page 1 Supported Protocols and Applications This section lists all the supported P2P protocols, sub-protocols, and the applications using these protocols. Important Please note that various client versions are supported for the protocols. The client versions listed in the table below are the latest supported version(s). Important Please note that the release version in the Supported from Release column has changed for protocols/applications that are new since the ADC plugin release in August 2015. This will now be the ADC Plugin Build number in the x.xxx.xxx format. The previous releases were versioned as 1.1 (ADC plugin release for December 2012 ), 1.2 (ADC plugin release for April 2013), and so on for consecutive releases. New in this Release This section lists the supported P2P protocols, sub-protocols and applications introduced in the ADC Plugin release for December 1, 2017. ADC Administration Guide, StarOS Release 21.6 1 Peer-to-Peer Protocol and Application Detection Support New in this Release Protocol / Client Client Version Group Classification Supported from Application Release 6play 6play (Android) 4.4.1 Streaming Streaming-video ADC Plugin 2.19.895 Unclassified 6play (iOS) 4.4.1 6play — (Windows) BFM TV BFM TV 3.0.9 Streaming Streaming-video ADC Plugin 2.19.895 (Android) Unclassified BFM TV (iOS) 5.0.7 BFM — TV(Windows) Clash Royale -
Computer and Information Services Newsletter
Computer and Information Services Newsletter This newsletter is an information resource for the University of Minnesota. Volume 5, Number 5 November 1995 The Help Line that Never Sleeps... M Features The Help Line that Never Sleeps ................. 1 MicroHelpline Internet Options Get Documents by E-mail ...................... 7 FTP ...................................................... 7 Academic & Distributed Computing Web .................................................... 10 Services announces a new service that Finger ................................................. 11 allows you to find answers to common Gopher................................................ 12 About E-mail Signatures ............................ 15 (and uncommon!) help line questions. The Technical Coordinators Program is Growing........................................... 16 Electronic MicroHelpline Virtual Library Searching Indexes On-line..................... 4 Our new electronic MicroHelpline service brings the Go for Gold: information and expertise of our professional help line a Gopher Information Hunt ................ 6 consultants to the Internet. You can access this service twenty four hours a day using two popular Internet tools: Gopher and the World-Wide Web. With the MicroHelpline service you can find information that would normally have required a call to our help line. In the long run, using the electronic MicroHelpline will save everyone time Here’s a taste of what you can access on this server. M Computer Store News 24-hour Service ........................................ -
A Study on the Web Portal Industry
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by KDI School Archives A STUDY ON THE WEB PORTAL INDUSTRY: By Chan-Soo Park THESIS Submitted to School of Public Policy and Management, KDI In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF STRATEGY & GLOBAL MANAGEMENT Department of Strategy & International Management 2000 A STUDY ON THE WEB PORTAL INDUSTRY: By Chan-Soo Park THESIS Submitted to School of Public Policy and Management, KDI In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF STRATEGY & GLOBAL MANAGEMENT Department of Strategy & International Management 2000 Professor Seung-Joo Lee 1 ABSTRACT A STUDY ON THE WEB PORTAL INDUSTRY By Chan –Soo Park A portal is a site on the Internet that provides a one-stop experience for Internet users, allowing them to check e-mail, search the Web, and get personalized news and stock quotes. Since 1998, the “portal” has been considered the most successful Internet business model. Portal sites have characteristics such as community facilitated by services, revenue that relies on advertising, a highly competitive market, heavy traffic, and an uncertain business. The world wide portal industry is like a battle zone for America’s top three, broad-based and vertical portals. The Web portal industry is dominated by the “top three portals,” which are AOL, Yahoo and MSN, and “vertical portals” such as Go Network and NBC. The broad-based portals --Lycos, Excite@home, AltaVista and Infoseek—do not lag far behind as major competitors. Many challenges face the three key players and broad-based portals.