Stratigraphie Corrélations Between the Continental and Marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins During the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

Home , Drezna, Dromopus, Moscow Basin, Rubezahl, Westphalian (stage)

Stratigraphie corrélations between the continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

Alain IZART 0), Denis VASLET <2>, Céline BRIAND (1>, Jean BROUTIN <3>, Robert COQUEL «>, Vladimir DAVYDOV («>, Martin DONSIMONI <2>, Mohammed El WARTITI <6>, Talgat ENSEPBAEV <7>, Mark GELUK <8>, Nathalya GOREVA <9), Naci GÔRÙR <1°>, Nayyer IQBAL <11>, Geroi JOLTAEV <7>, Olga KOSSOVAYA <12>, Karl KRAINER <13>, Jean-Pierre LAVEINE <«>, Maria MAKHLINA <14>, Alexander MASLO <15>, Tamara NEMIROVSKAYA <15>, Mahmoud KORA (16>, Raissa KOZITSKAYA (15>, Dominique MASSA <17>, Daniel MERCIER <18>, Olivier MONOD <19>, Stanislav OPLUSTIL <20>, Jôrg SCHNEIDER <21), Hans SCHÔNLAUB <22), Alexander STSCHEGOLEV <15>, Peter SÙSS <23\ Daniel VACHARD <4>, Gian Battista VAI <24>, Anna VOZAROVA <25>, Tuvia WEISSBROD <26>, Albin ZDANOWSKI <27> (see appendix 2 for addresses)

Izart A. et al. 1998. — Stratigraphie corrélations between the continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian, in Crasquin-Soleau S., Izart A., Vaslet D. & De Wever P. (eds), Peri-Tethys: stratigraphie correlations 2, Geodiversitas 20 (4) : 521-595.

ABSTRACT The compilation of detailed stratigraphie, sedimentologic and paléontologie data tesulted in sttatigtaphic corrélations of matine and continental areas outeropping today in the Tethyan and Peti-Tethyan domains: (1) the base of the Moscovian would correspond to the base of the Westphalian C in the Peri-Tethyan domain and to the base of the Westphalian B in the Tethyan domain; (2) the Kasimovian, the Gzhelian and the Otenbutgian would cor respond in the northern Peri-Tethyan domain and Tethyan domain (Catnic Alps) tespectively to the eatly Stephanian, the late Stephanian and the KEYWORDS Autunian p.p., in the southern Peri-Tethyan domain to an undifferentiated Peri-Tethys, biostratigrapny, time interval. The boundary between the Stephanian and the Autunian was Carboniferous, recognized in the Donets Basin with some doubts; (3) the Asselian, Permian, Sakmatian, Artinskian and Kungurian would correspond in ail the domains Tethys, stratigraphie corrélations. to the Autunian p.p. and the Saxonian that temain difficult to separate.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 521 Izart A. et al

RÉSUMÉ Corrélations stratigraphiques dans les bassins téthysiens et péri-tétbysiens au Carbonifère supérieur et au Permien inférieur. Des cotrélations sont ptoposées entre les domaines marins et continentaux du Paléozoïque supétieut affleu rant aujoutd'hui dans le domaine téthysien et sur les plate-formes qui le bor dent au notd et au sud: (1) la base du Moscovien cottespondrait dans le domaine péri-téthysien à la base du Westphalien C et dans le domaine téthy sien à la base du Westphalien B ; (2) le Kasimovien, le Gzhélien et l'Otenbufgien correspondraient dans le domaine notd péri-téthysien et dans le domaine téthysien (Alpes carniques) respectivement au Stéphanien infé rieur, supérieur et Autunien p.p., dans le domaine sud péri-téthysien à un MOTS CLES intervalle de temps indifférencié, la correspondance n'étant pas établie préci- Péri-Téthys, biostratigraphie, sément. La limite entre le Stéphanien et l'Autunien a été reconnue dans le Carbonifère, bassin du Donetz avec incettitudes ; (3) PAssélien, le Sakmarien, l'Artinskien, Permien, le Kungutien correspondraient dans tous les domaines à l'Autunien p.p. et au Téthys, corrélations stratigraphiques. Saxonien, qui testent difficile à différencier.

INTRODUCTION BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE MARINE AND In the frame of the IGCP 343, a synthesis of the CONTINENTAL DOMAINS published and original data from eastern and western Europe, northern Africa and Arabia is Corrélations are proposed for the Bashkirian- presented. Three litho- and chronostratigraphic Moscovian and Namurian-Westphalian time cross-sections (location Fig. 1) show the results intervais in the northern Peri-Tethyan domain in three domains outcropping nowadays in the (Fig. 8). Sinitsyn et al. (1978), Yablokov et al. northern Peri-Tethyan domain (Fig. 2, Inset (1978), Aisenverg et al. (1978), Makhlina et al. Fig. 1), in the Tethyan domain (Fig. 3, Inset (1979), Solovieva (1985), Solovieva et al. (1985a, Fig. 2) and in the southern Peri-Tethyan domain b), Kagarmanov & Donakova (1990), Izart et al. (Fig. 4, Inset Fig. 3). Biostratigraphic corréla (1996), Izatt et al. (1998), Makhlina et al. tions are proposed in the northern Peri-Tethyan (1997), Vachard & Maslo (1996), Einoir et al. domain (Fig. 5) between the marine eastern (1996), Briand et al. (1998), Zhamoida (in basins (Russia, Ukraine) and the continental press), Ensepbaev et al. (this volume) described western basins (France, Germany), and are exten- the Carboniferous of the Ural, Moscow, Donets ded to the other domains (Figs 6, 7). Moreover, and Precaspian (Kazakhstan) Basins. The the latitudinal corrélations between the conti Bashkirian and Moscovian show thin and nental basins and the corrélations based on the médium bedded limestones in the Moscow and séquence stratigraphy allow to test the climatic, Ural Basins. During this time, the Donets was a eustatic and tectonic factors. The radiochrono- paralic basin with thick alternations of fluvial logic data chart of Hess & Lippolt (1986) and of sandstone, paleosol, coal, marine limestone and Menning (1995) are chosen for the Late Carbo claystone, deltaic siltstone and sandstone. In niferous and for the Permian respectively. eastern Europe, fusulinid, conodont and coral

522 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

FIG. 1. — Location of cross-sections on the paleogeographic map of the North Hémisphère during the Lower Permian modified after Scotese & Langford (1995). Land in white, shallow sea in stipple, océan in waves, active plate boundaries in bold Unes. AB, cross- section of the northern Peri-Tethyan Basins; CD, cross-section of the Tethyan Basins; EF, cross-section of the southern Peri- Tethyan Basins. biozones were defined for the Bashkirian, ne a biostratigraphy and a chronostratigraphy Moscovian, Kasimovian, Gzhelian and marine framework (Fig. 5). The distribution of flora for Early Permian (Fig. 5). See also for the fusuli- the North France coal basin (Laveine 1987) and nids, Davydov (1996) and the table in Krainer & microflora for western Europe (Clayton et al. Davydov (this volume) and for the corals 1977) are presented for the Namurian and Kossovaya (1996) and Kossovaya (this volume). Westphalian. The basins of Lorraine (Donsimoni In the paralic basins of western Europe, the 1981), the Netherlands (Geluk), the Ruht Namurian and the Westphalian présent thick (Fiebig 1969; Josten 1991), Poland (Zdanowski alternations of fluvial sandstone, paleosol, coal, & Zakowa 1995), the Czech (Oplustil & Pesek marine, lagoonal and lacustrine claystone, deltaic this volume) and Slovak (Vozarova this volume) siltstone and sandstone. The flora allows to defi- Republics, the Caucasus (Chernyavsky et al.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 523 Izart A. et al

AGE Continental FRANCE GERMANY DONETS MOSCOW URAL Marine (Ma) STAGES STAGES 274

Irensk Kungurian 277 Philippovsk SAALE Saraninsk

Saxonian Sarginsk Artinskian Irginsk Hornburg

283 Burtsevsk

Sterlitamak 1MIA N LU Kramatorsk Sakmarian n AUTUN Tastubsk Millery

290 Surmoulin LOWE R 1

Muse Slayjansk Sennewitz Shikansk

Igornay Nikitovsk Asselian Autunian Sokolvesarsk Halle Epinac Kartamysh Kholodnolozk 296

Melekhovo Mironovsk Orenburgian SAINT- Noginsk ETIENNE 300 Mansfeld Zianchurinsk Couronnement Pavlov-Posad Amerevo Janon Kalinovsk Gzhelian 302 Rechitsv Dorogomilovo Stephanian Gier Grillenberg Kasimovian Torezk Khamovnichi Abzanovsk 305 Krevyakino

Westphalian N FRANCE RUHR Sanjarovsk Myachkovo D Bolshekynsk Ibbenburen Sabovsk Podolsk

Assise de NIFEROU S 308 Moscovian Bruay Westphalian Lembeck Marievsk Kashira C Kirovsk

Dorsten Kamensk Vereia CARB O 311 = t Westphalian Horst LU A. d'Anzin Krasnodonsk B Essen Asatausk 313 Upper Aza UP P Westphalian A.de Vicoigne Bochum Makeevsk Tashatinsk A Zuevsk 315 Witten Bashkirian Namurian Blagodatnensk Sprockhovel Askynbashsk A. de Flines Lower Aza 317 C Manuilovsk Namurian Vorhalle Akavask Feninsk Siuransk 319 B Hagen

FIG. 2. — The formations of the northern Peri-Tethyan Basins.

1978) and North Turkey (Zonguldak; Kerey et northern Peri-Tethyan Basin, where the correla- al. 1985; Gôrur et al. 1997) are also considered tion between the marine and continental in this study. The Donets Basin is the only domains has been attempted. In this basin, the

524 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

AGE Continental SPAIN ITALY CARNIC IRAN Marine (Ma) STAGES ALPS STAGES 274

Kungurian PALENCIA PICOS DE 277 EUROPA

Goggau Saxonian Artinskian Tressdorf

283

Trogkofel

Upper Pseudo Sakmarian PERMIA N unnamed -Schwagerina

290 Dorud LOWE R

Asselian Autunian Grenzland

296 Rio Marina Lower Pseudo -Schwagerina Orenburgian Villablino Carnizza 300 Auernig Sabero Corona Gzhelian 302 Stephanian Pizzul Barruelo Puentelles Kasimovian Spirifer Meledis 305 Cantabrian Branosera Gamonedo Bombaso Gheselghaleh

Westphalian Central ASTURIAS D

308 Sama NIFEROU S San Antonio Moscovian Westphalian C Picos de CARB O

311 Europa = i Westphalian Lena B 313 UPPE I Westphalian A 315 Carpineta Namurian 317 C Valdeteja Valdeteja Bashkirian Namurian B 319

FIG. 3. — The formations of the Tethyan Basins.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 525 Izart A. et al.

AGE Continental MOROCCO ALGERIA TUNISIA LIBYA OMAN Marine (Ma) STAGES Cyrenaica STAGES 274

Kungurian 277

unnamed Saxonian Lower limestones Gharif Artinskian

283

unnamed unnamed limestones limestones

unnamed Sakmarian PERMIA N

KRP2

290 LOWE R

unnamed Asselian Autunian limestones

KRP1 296 Al Khlata Orenburgian Senhadja 300 Gzhelian 302 unnamed unnamed limestones Stephanian limestones Kasimovian en 305 MEZARIF KRC3 O Westphalian JERADA IFE R D Nekheila unnamed z 308 Assise de limestones Moscovian O Jerada Westphalian KRC2 C

311 Carbonates RCAR B Westphalian F. inférieure de base B de Jerada

313 UPP E Westphalian Schiste A supérieur 315 unnamed unnamed Bashkirian Namurian limestones limestones 317 C Schiste Namurian inférieur 319 B

FIG. 4. — The formations of the southern Peri-Tethyan Basins.

526 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20 Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

flora are closed to western Europe ones some occurrences of xerophytic plants {Autunia (Fissunenko & Laveine 1984), but some diffé conferta, Lodevia nicklesiï). The biozonation of rences could be sometimes noted. The microflora Clayton et al. (1977) applies in Saint-Etienne présents a local biozonation (Coquel et al. 1984). with some occurrences of xerophytic spores with At the boundary between the Westphalian B and Potonieisporites novicus and Vittatina sp. C, a disharmony is observed in the appearance of Alternation of hygrophytic and xerophytic floras species more precocious or later in the Donets and microfloras are observed through the late Basin than in western Europe. The base of the Stephanian in numerous basins (Broutin et al. Moscovian would be inside the Westphalian B or 1986, 1990). The basins of Lorraine (Donsimoni at the base of the Westphalian C (Fig. 8). 1981), the Saale (Schneidert & Gebhardt 1993), Corrélations are proposed for the Kasimovian- Poland (Zdanowski, this paper), the Czech Gzhelian-Orenburgian and the Stephanian- (Oplustil this paper) and Slovak (Vozarova this Autunian in the northern Peri-Tethyan domain. paper) Republics, the Caucasus (Chernyavsky et The Kasimovian, the Gzhelian and the al. 1978) and North Turkey (Kerey et al. 1985) Orenburgian show thin limestones in the are also considered. In the Donets Basin (Fig. 8), Moscow Basin and thick paralic faciès in the the biozonation of flora is local (Boyarina, in Donets Basin. The Kasimovian, the Gzhelian press; Izart et al. 1998) with some common and the Orenburgian (Fig. 5) présent fusulinid, plants as Astherotheca lamuriana in the late conodont and coral biozones in the Moscow, Stephanian. There were altemations of hygro Ural and Donets Basins. Davydov (1990, 1992) phytic and xetophytic flora and microflora moved the Ultradaixina bosbytauensis biozone {Lodevia nicklesii, Potonieisporites novicus) in the from the Asselian to the late Gzhelian. The Orenburgian (Stschegolev in Aisenverg et al. boundaries of this biozone présent an uncertain- 1978; Stschegolev & Kozitskaya 1984; Izart et al. ty, because Davydov defined this biozone in the 1998). The Kasimovian (Fig. 8) would be équi carbonated marine faciès of the pre-Donets Basin valent to the early Stephanian. The Gzhelian in Russia, whereas the Donets Basin in Ukraine (Fig. 8) would be the équivalent of the late shows lagoonal faciès without fusulinids. Then, Stephanian, the Orenburgian of the early Davydov (1996) put the Daixina sokensis and Autunian p.p. if we refer to the appearance of the Ultradaixina bosbytauensis biozones in the xerophytic plants, or of the late Stephanian if we Orenburgian, between the Gzhelian and the refer to the acme of the xerophytic plants. The Asselian. The boundary between the Carbo beginning of the sédimentation in the niferous and the Petmian is located at the top of Stephanian and Autunian Basins that dépends on the Orenburgian. The Stephanian, defined in the their tectonic opening will be heterochronous in limnic basin of Saint-Etienne, was subdivided by western Europe. Doubinger et al. (1995) into a early Stephanian (Barruelian) cotresponding to the Stephanian A Corrélations are proposed between the marine and an late Stephanian (Forezian) corresponding and continental Early Permian in the northern to the Stephanian B and C with a précise biozo Peri-Tethyan domain. The marine Early Permian nation of flora (Fig. 5). The Stephanian présents was defined in the Ural Basin (Chuvashov 1993). breccia along the sides of the basin and lacustrine The Asselian, the Sakmarian, the Artinskian claystone and coal in the center (Becq-Giraudon Stages have a carbonate faciès whereas the et al. 1995, Mercier this paper). The early Kungurian is evaporitic. Biozones of fusulinids, Stephanian exhibits hygrophytic Lycophytes and conodonts and corals were defined (Fig. 8). The Filicophytes {Pecopteris sp., Astherotheca lamuria- new Permian chronostratigraphic subdivisions na, Fig. 5) and présents Westphalian affinities. (Yugan 1996; Yugan et al. 1997) were utilized. In The late Stephanian shows hygrophytic the Moscow Basin, the Asselian is catbonated Pteridosperma-phytes and Lycophytes {Odonto- and in the Donets Basin, the Asselian and the pteris sp., Pecopteris sp., Sphenopteris sp., Aletho- Sakmarian exhibit red claystone and evaporites. pteris zeilleri, Spbenophyllum angustifolium) and The Autunian, defined in the limnic basin of Autun (Fig. 5), shows fluvial sandstone and

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20 (4) 527 oo

WESTERN EUROPE (FRANCE - GERMANY) EASTERN EUROPE (DONETS - MOSCOW - PERM)

Age Séquences Goniatites Flora Microflora CONTINENTAL Séquences Flora Microflora Foraminifera Conodonts Corals MARINE (Ma) (D (2) (3) (4) STAGES (1) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) STAGES 274 Nodosaria sexangulata Parafusulina sotidissima KU KUNGURIAN

Nodosaria pugioidea

277 SA Neostrepto- gnathodus Hemigordius pequoppensis saranaensis

Parafusulina Lophophylli- sotidissima dium sp. SAXONIAN AR ARTINSKIAN Pseudofusulina juresanensis Protolonsda- L Sweetognathodus leiastraea 0 whitei juresanensis W Pseudofusulina E pedissequa R ?83 P E Protolonsda- Pseudofusulina Sweetognathodus R S3 leiastraea urdalensis primus M longiseptata 1 A N Pseudofusulina P. biseptata verneuilii Neogondolella S2 lata Pseudofusulina Timania uralica schmidti SAKMARIAN

Kleopatrina Pseudofusulina S1 Neogondolella magnifica moelleri uralensis

290 I Î I -Q Kleopatrina Sphaeroschwagerina Streptognathodus pseudoelegans A3 sphaerica postfusus schenkii I o 1 1 'lum aï 1 AU c DS Tschussovskenia o Streptognathodus captiosa stria fusus AUTUNIAN Vittatim Sphaeroschwagerina achiphyi tes sporites 1 A2 îonterta pontes moelleri & (a Streptognathodus 1 c constrictus otoniei ttatina •tonieis Disacci Q, ASSELIAN Streptognathodus Ferganophyllum Sphaeroschwagerina cristellaris uralicum A1 fusiformis

296 O m O g < m x ço vc

> Ultradaixina bosbytauensis Streptognathodus ORENBURGIAN G4 wabaunsensis

Daixina robusta

Timania f Daixina sokensis Streptognathodus elongatus dobrolybovae

G3 Jigulites jigulensis NBM G2 Gshelia rouilleril Triticites rossicus G1 Triticites stuckenbergi Triticites acutus K3 '[Triticites quasiarcticus STEPHANIAN I. toretzianus ST Montiparus Idiognathodus Bothrophyllum K2 montiparus pseudoconicum

Protriticites Pseudotimania K1 pseudomontiparus irregularis Obsolètes obsolètes Fusulina cylindrica Neognathodus Petalaxis M4 Fusulinella bocki roundyi vesiculosus

Fusulinella colaniae OT WESTPHALIAN Fusulinella Idiognathodus Ivanovia D M3 vozhgalensis podolskiensis podolskiensis

Ozawainella stellae. MOSCOVIAN Fusulinella subpuichra Petalaxis stylaxis Fusulina schellwienl N. medadultimus WESTPHALIAN M2 uralicum C Ozawainella digitalis SL \Aljutovella priscoidea

M1 Aljutovella aijutovica D. donetzianus Aegiranum _ WESTPHALIAN NJ B », Listeri RA WESTPHALIAN Profusulinella m' pararhomboides Subcrenatum SS A B Staffellaeformes staffellaeformis FR NAMURIAN C Pseudostaffella antiqua BASHKIRIAN

Semistaffella KV NAMURIAN variabilis B Plectostaffella jakhensis

FIG. 5. — Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the northern Peri-Tethyan Basins. 1, Izart (this paper); 2, Bouroz et al. (1978); 3, Laveine (1987), Broutin (this paper); 4, Clayton et al. (1977), Coquel & Broutin (this paper); 5, Fissunenko & Laveine (1984), Stschegolev & Broutin (this paper); 6, Coquel et al. (1984), Inosova et al. (1976), Broutin (this paper); 7, Solovieva et al. (1985a, b), Davydov (1990, 1992), Chuvashov (1993), Vachard & Maslo (this paper); 8, Alekseev, Goreva, Kozitskaya & Nemirovskaya (this paper); 9, Kossovaya (this paper). VJ1 LU O

SPAIN (PALENCIA-CENTRAL ASTURIAS) SPAIN (PICOS DE EUROPA) CARNIC ALPS

3 Sequenced Flora Microflora Foraminifera Foraminifera [Séquences Foraminifera Flora (1) (2) (3) (4} (5) (6) (7)

KUNGURIAN

Schwagerina vulgaris

Praeparafusulina ARTINSKIAN lutugini

O g < sphaeroschwagerina | glomerosa o D < Ultradaixina bosbytauensis

> ORENBURGIAN

Daixina sokensis

Jigulites jigulensis

Rauserites sp.

Montiparus Montiparus sp. montiparus KASIMOVIAN

Protriticites Protriticites sp. pseudomontiparus

WESTPHALIAN Fusulinella sp.

Profusulinella sp. Profusulinella sp. WESTPHALIAN p

BASHKIRIAN

FIG. 6. — Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the Tethyan Basins. 1, Izart (this paper); 2, Wagner & Winkler-Prins (1985), Martinez Garcia (1991); 3, Leyva et al. (1985), Coquel & Rodriguez (1995); 4, Lys (1988), Granados et al. (1985); 5, Villa (this paper); 6, Krainer (1992, 1993), Vai & Venturini (1997); 7, Krainer (this paper). VJ1 MOROCCO - ALGERIA - TUNISIA - LIBYA - EGYPT SAUDI ARABIA ro

Séquences Goniatites Flora Microflora CONTINENTAL Séquences Foraminifera MARINE Séquences Microflora Microflora 0) (2) (3) (4) STAGES (1) (5) STAGES (1) of Arabia of Oman (6) (7)

KUNGURIAN

ARTINSKIAN

L O W E R

P Schwagerina sp. E R M Staffellidae I SAKMARIAN A N

O g < m 33 !2 Sphaeroschwagerina. H > sp. GO o m O • < m 3J / ORENBURGIAN ORENBURGIAN >

G / Daixina sokensis

Triticites sp. GZHELIAN KG

STEPHANIAN Triticites sp. K KASIMOVIAN

lilisis1 Fusulinella bocki si |l|lïl f SI WESTPHALIAN M D Glomospirella sp. &lglf|t| 2 Slflùl § lifiiSi£i M MOSCOVIAN MOSCOVIAN H o Profusulinella sp. WESTPHALIAN C

Aljutovella sp. Aegiranum WESTPHALIAN B Profusulinella parva WESTPHALIAN A B n NAMURIAN C BASHKIRIAN

NAMURIAN B

FIG. 7. — Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the southern Peri-Tethyan Basins. 1, Izart (this paper); 2, Deleau (1951) Owodenko (1976); 3, Deleau (1951), Nedjari (1982), Desteucq et al. (1988), Broutin & El Wartiti (this paper); Aassoumi (1994); 4, Doubinger & Fabre (1983), Aassoumi (1994); 5, Lys (1988), Nedjari (1982), Massa & Vachard (1979), Kora (this paper); 6, Owens & Turner (1995); 7, Love (1994). Izart A. et ai

274 274 lacustrine claystone with xerophytic flora and Ma Ma microflora {Autunia conferta, Rhachiphyllum KUNGURIAN schenkii, Potonieisporites sp., Vittatina sp.). The Saar-Nahe Basin présents red fluvial sandstone 277 Ma and lacustrine black shale (Stapf 1997). The Saale Basin in Germany (Schneider & Gebhardt 1993; Schneider et al. 1994, 1995; Schneider SAXONIAN ARTINSKIAN 1996; Schneider & Rôssler in press) exhibits two informai lithological units named early and late "Rotliegend". The early "Rotliegend" includes 283 283 grey conglomérâtes and sandstones that would Ma Ma be dated to the Autunian by plants {Autunia conferta) and the late "Rotliegend" red conglo-

SAKMARIAN metates and sandstones that would be dated to the Saxonian by tracks of reptile. The boundary of thèse units présents an incertitude between the basins of North Germany and the Saale 290 290 Ma Ma (Menning 1995). The basins of Poland (Zdanowski this paper), the Czech (Oplustil this paper) and Slovak (Vozarova this paper) AUTUNIAN ASSELIAN Republics are also considered. In the Donets Basin (Fig. 5), the flora and microflora of the Asselian and Sakmarian Stages are xerophytic 296 296 (Inosova et al. 1976) with Autunia conferta, Ma Ma Potonieisporites sp. and Vittatina sp. The climate changed from a humid tropical to a dry tropical ORENBURGIAN climate (Parrish 1995). According to Schneider et al. (1994, 1995), the Kartamysh, Nikitovsk 300 ^^^^^ Ma and Slavjansk formations would be équivalent to GZHELIAN the early "Rotliegend" and the Kramatorsk for STEPHANIAN 302 Ma mation to the late "Rotliegend" with some incer titudes. The Asselian would correspond to the KASIMOVIAN Autunian p.p. and the Sakmarian, Artinskian and 305 305 Kungurian to the Saxonian (Fig. 8). Ma Ma Corrélations are proposed in the Tethyan (Fig. 6) WESTPHALIAN D and southern Peri-Tethyan domains (Fig. 7). The

308 MOSCOVIAN Bashkitian and Moscovian are dated by fusuli Ma nids in the paralic basin of the Cantabrian zone WESTPHALIAN C in Palencia (Lys 1988a) and in the central 311 311 Asturias (Granados et al. 1985), the limestones Ma Ma WESTPHALIAN of the Picos de Eutopa (Villa 1985; Villa et al. B iiiiit 1993), Tuscany (Vai 1991, 1994; Pasini & Vai 313 Ma 1997), eastern Elbourz (Jenny et al. 1978; Jenny- WESTPHALIAN A Deshusses 1983), Mezarif, Algeria (Nedjari 315 Ma NAMURIAN BASHKIRIAN C 317 Ma NAMURIAN B FIG. 8. — Corrélations of the continental and marine Late 319 319 Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Tethyan and Peri- Ma Tethyan Basins. Oblique lines: uncertainty.

534 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

1982; Lys 1988a), Tunisia (Lys 1988b), Turkey 1993) defined the Cantabrian and the (Monod 1977; Lys 1988a), Libya (Massa & Stephanian in the interval attributed by Lys Vachard 1979; Vachard et al. 1993), Egypt (Kora (1988a) to the late Moscovian (Myachkovian) 1995), Syria (Al Youssef & Ayed 1992). The and the Kasimovian. The compatison between Carnic Alps (Schonlaub 1992; Krainer 1993; Vai the flora and microflora (Coquel & Rodriguez 1991; Vai & Venturini 1997; Krainer & 1995) does not allow to differentiate the Davydov, this volume) présent only the late Cantabrian and the Stephanian. The precocious Moscovian. Some marine bands dated to the tectonic opening of the basin of the Cantabrian Moscovian are known in Morocco, Jerada zone in Palencia would explain the ptesence of (Owodenko 1976) and in Algeria, Bechar the Cantabrian in this basin and its absence in (Deleau 1951). The Kasimovian is found eve- the Saint-Etienne Basin. The lower part of the rywhere except in Algeria (Bechar, Mezarif). The Cantabrian could be connected with the Gzhelian and the Orenburgian are found eve- Westphalian D and the upper part with the early rywhere except in Spain, Algeria (Bechar, Stephanian. In the Carnic Alps, Krainer (1993) Mezarif) and southern Tunisia (Lys 1988b). The reported in the Kasimovian and the Gzhelian marine Early Permian is found everywhere except hygrophytic flota dated to the Stephanian in Spain, Algeria (Bechar, Mezarif) and Libya {Pecopteris sp., Sphenopbyllum sp.). In Morocco, (Ghadames). The marine faciès of the Late hygrophytic plants dated to the late Stephanian Carboniferous and Early Permian are unknown exist in the High Atlas (Beauchamp et al. 1986; in Saudi Arabia. In Oman, the Eatly Permian Doubinger & Roy-Dias 1985, 1986; Aassoumi présents marine and continental levels (Broutin 1994). In Oman, Love (1994) described micro et al. 1995; Angiolini et al. 1997). flora Microbaculispora known in the The Westphalian is paralic in central Astutias, in Gondwanaland. The équivalence between the Jerada (Morocco) and in Bechar (Algeria). The Kasimovian-Gzhelian and the Stephanian is esta- hygrophytic flora and microflora are dated the blished in the Tethyan domain, but not in the Westphalian A to D in central Asturias (Leyva et southem Peri-Tethyan domain. al. 1985a, b, c; Granados et al. 1985; Saenz de The Autunian présents xerophytic plants Santa Maria et al. 1985; Wagner & Alvarez {Autunia conferta) in the Carnic Alps (Krainer 1991) and in Jerada (Owodenko 1976; Desteucq 1993) and in Spain where in addition the et al. 1988; Izart 1991), the Westphalian C and Saxonian exists (Martinez-Garcia 1991). The D in Bechar (Deleau 1951; Coquel et al. 1988). Autunian and the Saxonian exhibit xerophytic Elsewhere the base of the Moscovian could be flora and microflora with Lodevia nicklesii, located in Spain inside the Westphalian A or B Rhachiphyllum schenkii, Potonieisporites sp. and (Wagner & Bowman 1983; Granados et al. Vittatina sp. in central Morocco (Broutin et al. 1985; Leyva et al. 1985a, b, c; Martinez Dias et 1987; El Wartiti et al. 1986, 1990; Aassoumi al. 1985; Ginkel & Villa 1996), and in Algeria at 1994). Doubinger & Fabre (1983) attributed to the base of the Westphalian C (Lys 1988a) as in the Autunian a mictoflora with Torispora sp., eastem Europe, but there is an objection: an eus- Potonieisporites sp. at the top of the Bechat Séries. tatic event is synchronous everywhere in the In Oman, Love (1994) distinguished the biozone wotld, ot the appearance of plants in the Cycadopites dated to the Asselian and Sakmarian Westphalian of Spain présents a disharmony. In and the biozone Kingiacolpites dated to the late Libya (Massa et al. 1980; Coquel et al. 1988), in Sakmarian to Kungurian, known in Gondwana Saudi Arabia (Owens & Turner 1995), in Oman land. In the Sait Range (Pakistan), the biozone (Love 1994) as in Gondwanaland, a xerophytic Cycadopites (Iqbal 1993 and this volume) was microflora with Potonieisporites sp. is known in found at the base of the Warcha Formation, cot- the Westphalian D. responding to the Sakmarian-Artinskian interval. Everywhere, the corrélations are imprécise bet In the Cantabrian zone in Palencia, Bouroz et al. ween the marine and continental Petmian. (1972), Wagner & Winkler-Prins (1985, 1991,

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 535 Izart A. et al.

LATITUDINAL CORPvELATIONS soon in the summerwet biome. The Autunian exhibits xerophytic plants growing on the slopes The stratigraphie corrélations provided by the of basins and alternation of red beds and lacustf i- plants of the continental domain will dépend on ne black shale (Autun, Lorraine, Saar-Nahe, the latitudinal location of each domain. Saale, Czech Republic and Slovakia) or coal Following the position of the continents accot- (Donets) in the summerwet biome. The ding to Scotese & McKerrow (1990), this hypo- Saxonian présents xerophytic plants, red beds, thesis can be tested on the basis of the relations calcretes and evaporites (Saale, Czech Republic, between the hygrophytic plants and the equato- Slovakia, Donets, Russian platform) in the sub rial-humid tropical climate and between the tropical désert biome. xerophytic plants and the dry tropical-desert cli In the Tethyan domain (Fig. 1), Spain, Italy and mate. The géographie zonation of climate has the Carnic Alps were located at 5°S during the been described in term of floral biomes for the Westphalian and Stephanian and at the equator Early Permian (Sakmarian) and Late Permian during the Early Permian. The Westphalian and (Kazanian) by Ziegler (1990) and Ziegler et al. Stephanian présent hygrophytic plants and coal (1997). The biomes are: (1) equatorial and tropi in the everwet biome, the Autunian xerophytic cal everwet, (2) tropical and subtropical summer- plants growing on the slopes of basins and red wet, (3) coastal and inland tropical désert, (4) beds in the summerwet biome, the Saxonian winterwet, (5) western and eastern warm tempe- xerophytic plants and red beds in the subtropical rate, (6) western and eastern cool temperate, (7) désert biome in spite of its location at the equa midlatitude désert, (8) cold temperate, (9) arctic tor. The présence of this subtropical biome at the and (10) glacial. This approach has been adapted equator can be explained by the petfect symme from a climate study of the Récent. The sédi try of the continental surfaces at the equator ments gave also informations about the climates: (Parrish 1995). The corrélations are excellent coal in various climates (cold to tropical), reef in between the northern Peri-Tethyan and Tethyan tropical climate, evaporite in dry tropical or domains. The présence of two opposite climates désert climate, tillites in cold climate. Numerous at the equator during the Westphalian and the paleoclimate studies exist for the Permian: Early Permian makes the corrélations easier. Parrish (1995), Kutzbach & Gallimore (1989), In the southern Peri-Tethyan domain (Fig. 1), Kutzbach & Ziegler (1993), Barron & Fawcett North Africa was located at 10°S during the (1995); Crowell 1995. Ail thèse studies exhibit Westphalian and at the equator during the Early from Late Carboniferous to Trias an increase of Permian. Libya, Egypt and Saudi Arabia were the aridity in the humid tropical zone, that was located at the 25°S during the Westphalian and explained by the perfect symmetry of the conti 20°S during the Early Permian; Oman and the nental surfaces at the equator, that implied a Sait Range were located at 50°S during the warm and dry climate with monsoons. In the Westphalian and at 40°S during the Early northern Peri-Tethyan domain, the location of Permian. In North Africa, the Westphalian and western and eastern Europe was between the the Stephanian présent hygrophytic plants and equator and 5°N during the Westphalian, bet coal in the everwet biome, the Autunian xero ween 5°N and 10°N during the Early Permian phytic plants growing on the slopes of basins and (Fig. 1). Ail the basins were located inside the red beds in the summerwet biome, the Saxonian same latitudinal zone and the latitudinal corréla xerophytic plants and red beds in the subtropical tions are excellent. The Westphalian présents désert biome in spite of its location at the equa hygrophytic plants and coal in the everwet tor and for the same reason as the Tethyan biome, the Stephanian alternation of hygrophy domain. In Libya, Egypt and Saudi Arabia, the tic and xerophytic plants (Saint-Etienne, Saale, plants were xerophytic during the Westphalian Donets) and alternation of red beds and grey and the Early Permian. In Oman and the Sait beds with coal (Lorraine, Saale, Czech Republic, Range as in ail Gondwanaland, the plants lived Slovakia, Donets) explained by period of mon- in a cool to temperate climate. Thèse différent

536 •GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and matine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Cafboniferous and rhe Early Permian

latitudinal locations make the corrélations diffi- séquences, the Kasimovian into three or four cult between Europe and Gondwanaland. séquences and the Gzhelian-Orenburgian into During the Late Carboniferous and Early four or five séquences. In western Europe, the Permian, three realms are defined (Ziegler 1990): Westphalian présents four third order séquences, the tropical Cathaysian (biome 1) in China and the Stephanian two, the Autunian one, the Euramerican-Atlantic in Europe and North Saxonian one. The number of séquences is diffé America (biome 1 during Carboniferous and rent from Ross & Ross (1987), who used fourth biomes 2 and 3 during Permian) realm, the order séquences. In eastern Europe, they resulted North temperate Angatan realm (biomes 4 to 8) from the eustacy that produced synchronous in Siberia and the southern temperate séquences and tectonics. In western Europe, the Gondwanan realm (biomes 5 to 10) in séquences are tectonically controlled and hetero- Gondwana. Biome 1, represented by tropical chronous with eastern Europe. rainforests populated by arborescent hygrophytic For the Late Carboniferous, the fourth order flora, was known in China during the séquences (FOS, 400 000 y.) and high frequency Carboniferous and Permian and in Europe and séquences (HFS, 40 000 y. to 250 000 y.) are North America during the Late Carboniferous. variable everywhere, as shown by Izart & Biome 2 was represented by Callipteris and pri Vachard (1994) and thèse results: for Moscovian, mitive conifers (Walcbia) during the Early eleven FOS and forty HFS in Moscow and eigh- Permian in Europe, North Africa and North teen FOS and one hundred HFS in Donets; for America. Biome 6 was represented by Glossopteris Kasimovian, eight FOS and twenty HFS in and Biome 8 by Gangamopteris in Gondwana. Moscow, seven FOS and twenty-six HFS in Donets; for Gzhelian-Orenburgian, nine FOS and twenty-four HFS in Moscow, sixteen FOS and fifty-two HFS in Donets; for Westphalian, CORRELATIONS FOUND ON THE ten FOS in western Europe and for Westphalian SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY C, four FOS and sixteen HFS in England; four FOS and forty HFS in North France and A séquence stratigraphy of the Carboniferous Germany. The number of FOS is différent from and Permian was built by Ross & Ross (1987, Ross & Ross (1987) and the number is variable 1994, 1995). Second order, third order (Figs 5- everywhere. In the Moscow Basin, eustacy pre- 7), fourth order and high frequency séquences vails certainly over tectonics and in the Donets were defined in eastern Europe in Moscow Basin and western Europe Basins, tectonics prevail over (Briand et al. 1998), the Donets Basin (Izart et eustacy. The average duration of HFS in the al. 1996 and 1998) and the Centtal Ural Basin Moscow and western Europe Basins is near the (Izart et al. 1998), and in the western Europe in periodicity of eccentricity (100 000 y.) and in the paralic and limnic basins (Izart & Vachard Donets Basin near the periodicity of obliquity 1994), in the foreland basin of Asturias and in (40 000 y.). However, a better accuracy of time the rift basin of the Carnic Alps (Samankassou by radiochronology is needed to calibrate thèse 1997; Vai & Venturini 1997; Krainer & séquences. Davydov, this volume), in the intracontinental basins or the marine platform of North Africa The Early Permian deposits in Central Ural form (Izart 1991). two second order séquences, one during Asselian For the Late Carboniferous, the same number of and one during the Sakmarian and Artinskian, third order and second order séquences was five third order séquences for the Asselian, three found in the Moscow and Donets Basins and a for the Sakmarian, two composite for Artinskian différent number in western Europe. In the and one composite for the Kungurian. The Early Moscow and Donets Basins, the Moscovian, Permian deposits in the Donets Basin form one Kasimovian and Gzhelian-Orenburgian deposits second order séquence during the Asselian and each form a second order séquence, the the Sakmarian, three third order séquences Moscovian is subdivided into four third order during the Asselian and one during the

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 537 Izart A. et al.

Sakmarian. The number of séquences is weakly domain. The Moscovian would be équivalent to différent from Ross & Ross (1987, 1994, 1995): the Westphalian C and D in the northern and five for Asselian, four or five for the Sakmarian, southern Peri-Tethyan domains and to an impré three or four for the Artinskian and one compo cise time interval (Westphalian A to Cantabtian site or two for the Kungurian. Thèse séquences p.p.) in the Tethyan domain. The Kasimovian are controlled by eustacy and tectonics in the would correspond to the early Stephanian in the Ural foreland Basin and the Donets Basin. northern Peti-Tethyan domain, to the Canta For the Early Permian, the fourth order brian p.p. and the early Stephanian in the séquences (FOS) and high frequency séquences Tethyan domain. The équivalence between the (HFS) are variable everywhere: for the Asselian, Kasimovian and the early Stephanian is not esta- eleven FOS and eighteen HFS in Donets and a blished in the southern Peri-Tethyan domain. number superior to twenty-four HFS in Central The Gzhelian would be équivalent to the late Urals; for Sakmarian, ninety-two HFS in Centtal Stephanian and the Orenburgian to the lower Urals; for the early Artinskian (Bursevkian- part of the Autunian in the northern Peri- Irginian), seventeen HFS in Centtal Urals. Thèse Tethyan domain with an uncertainty, because we séquences are controlled by eustacy and tecto can choose either the appeatance of xerophytic nics. The average duration of HFS is near the plants, or the acme for the définition of the base periodicity of eccentricity (100 000 y.). of the Autunian. In the Carnic Alps, the The tectonic control was important in the Gzhelian would be équivalent to the late Asturias and the eustatic control rules over in the Stephanian. The équivalence between the Carnic Alps. The séquences are heterochronous Gzhelian and the late Stephanian is not establi- in the Asturias and synchronous with eastern shed in the southern Peri-Tethyan domain. The Europe in the Carnic Alps. The tectonics prevails marine Early Permian would be équivalent to the in the continental basins of Morocco, the eustacy continental Early Permian in ail the domains, the in the marine basins in Morocco, Algeria, Autunian and the Saxonian temain difficult to Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. Thèse séquences of the sepatate. A latitudinal good corrélation is obset- southern Peri-Tethyan domain are heterochro ved on the continents except near Gondwana nous in the inttacontinental basins and synchro land. A good corrélation linked with the eustacy nous with eastern Europe in the marine basins. is observed in the mâtine domain and a hetero- The beginning of the sédimentation in the conti chrony in the beginning of the sédimentation nental stages of the Late Carboniferous and Early linked with the tectonics is reported in the conti Permian are heterochronous according to the tec nental domain. tonic phases affecting each basin, even though it is synchronous in the marine stages that are under the control of the eustacy. Acknowledgements This paper, financed by the Peri-Tethys Program and BRGM, is the final report of the thème "Stratigraphie corrélations of the Late CONCLUSION Carboniferous and Early Permian" of the IGCP 343 "Stratigraphie corrélations of Peri-Tethyan Stratigraphie corrélations (Fig. 8) ate proposed epictatonie Basins". We thank the reviewers of between the marine and continental faciès in the this paper, peculiarly Professor J.-B. Vai and northern Peri-Tethyan, Tethyan and southem Professor J. Dercourt for their advices. Peri-Tethyan domains. The base of the Moscovian would be located between the late part of the Westphalian B and the base of the REFERENCES Westphalian C in the northern Peri-Tethyan domain, between the bases of the Westphalian A Aassoumi H. 1994. — Les paléoflores du Permien du and C in the Tethyan domain, at the base of the Maroc Central. Implications biostratigraphiques, Westphalian C in the southern Peri-Tethyan paléoécologiques et paléogéographiques pour le domaine

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Submitted for publication on 30 April 1997; accepted on 15 December 1997.

544 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Catboniferous and the Early Permian

APPENDIX 1

Late carboniferous and Early Permian logs and tables. Northern Peri-Tethyan Basins (logs 1-36); Tethyan Basins (logs 37-49); Southern Peri-Tethyan Basins (logs 50-62).

MAP. — Location of the logs or sections presented in the appendix 1. Map realized by the Peri-Tethys cartographie team. Pakistan table (62) is not located on the map. 1, log or section; 2, synthetic log or section.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 545 Izart A. et al.

LEGEND

Clayey Limestone Gypsum

Bioclastic Limestone Potash

Limestone Halite

Limestone Coal with paleosol

V. \ \ ' S X s Reef Limestone Coal V V V

Outer Platform Limestone Marine Claystone

Limestone with chert Marine Claystone

Limestone with chert Fluvial or deltaic Claystone

ESNodula r Limestone Claystone

Pebbly Limestone Silty Claystone

Sandy Limestone Sandy Claystone

Primary Dolomite \— . — Siltstone

Secondary Dolomite Turbidites

YZZàDolomit e Fluvial Sandstone

Clayey Dolomite Ptftftfi Conglomerate

Accurate location of a fossil Conglomerate in the log

Red colour of the sédiments Breccia known with certainty located at the left side of the column 3Volcani c Rocks

546 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Lare Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE SAINT-ETIENNE BASIN

Western Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs European sw Faisceaux (1) (2) (2) "Stages"

Autunia conferta

Lodevia nicklesii

Faisceau de Thymospora spp. Bellevue ou des Combes Calamospora UPPER spp. STEPHANIAN Faisceau des Spinosporites Littes spinosus

Saint-Etienne Autunia Potonieisporites Faisceau de conferta Beaubrun ' novicus Lodevia Vittatina spp. nicklesii W Saint- Chamond Pecopteris Punctatisporites spp. spp. Sphenopteris Laevigato- mathetii sporites Faisceau de spp. Odontopteris Grùner brardi Thymospora et spp. conglomérat Odontopteris de minor Saint Sphenophylium Lycospora spp. Chamond angustifolium

Aiethopteris zeilleri

Asterotheca Torispora spp. lamuriana Lycospora spp. LOWER Linopteris Densosporites STEPHANIAN neuropteroides spp. É 3 Neuropteris Cristatisporites BARRUELIAN O "D ovata spp.

LOG. 1. — Late Carboniferous of the Saint-Étienne Basin, coordinated by Mercier and Broutin. 1, Mercier (this paper); 2, Broutin (this paper). Saint-Étienne, France, 4°24'E - 45°27'N; Firminy, ex-SW, 4°15'E - 45°24'N; La Fouillouse, ex-NW, 4°19'E - 45°30'N; W Saint-Chamond, 4°30'E - 45°29'N; Rive-de-Gier, ex-NE, 4°37'E - 45°31 'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20 (4) 547 Izart A. et al.

AUTUNIAN OF THE AUTUN BASIN

Autun Formations Beds Macroflora Palynomorphs Western European Stages

Rhachiphyllum schenkii Les Té lots Rhachiphyllum h Millery bituminous beds pellatii (10 beds) Lodevia bibractensis UPPER AUTUNIAN

Gracilopteris A raymondii | 1 Surmoulin U T Surmoulin Baiera raymondii U bituminous bed N I Autunia conferta Disaccites strîatiti A N Autunia naumanii Vittatina spp. Muse Walchia piniformis Disaccites non- Muse W. goeppertiana striati bituminous bed LOWER Culmitzschia Lally Potonieisporites AUTUNIAN frondosa bituminous bed novicus-bhardwaji complex Sphenophyllum Vesicaspora spp. Igornay Igornay angustifolium bituminous bed Alethopteris Vittatina costabilis 125 m Moloy zeilleri Florinites spp. bituminous bed Pecopteris plumosa Monoletes spores Epinac UPPER STEPHANIAN n I I Odontopteris brardii Trilete spores BASEMENT

LOG. 2. — Autunian of the Autun Basin, coordinated by Broutin, after Broutin et al. (1996). Autun, France, 4°30'E - 47°N.

548 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

Macroflora Palynomorphs Western European Formations LATTonsteiEn CARBONIFEROUCoal seams S OF THE LORRAINE BASIN (1) (2) (3) Stages Ste Fontaine 11-5 OT I6-7 Thymospora obscura Petite Roselle 18 Thymospora thiessenii 19-10 111 200 112-14 SL

Geisheck 115 Torispora securis

Torispora laevigata A-B C DEF GHH1 | 300 H2-11 c

•af JLK Q) te Neunkirchen LMNO •a B PQRS s 380 TUV § -«s 1- 390 W SU 400 a 5, a g II 3 XYZZ1 S Q. NJ 500 IQl 100. Microreticulati- m sporites nobilis Florinites junior

WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 3. — Late Carboniferous of the Lorraine Basin, coordinated by Donsimoni, Laveine and Coquel, Sainte-Fontaine, 6°48'E 49°30'N. 1, Donsimoni (this paper); 2, Laveine (this paper); 3, Coquel (this paper).

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 549 Izart A. et ai

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE LORRAINE BASIN

Formations Macroflora Western European Faulquemont Tonstein Coal seams Palynomorphs (1) (2) (3) Stages 1x 1 1 bis-2y

2-3-4 4ter Steinbesch

5x-5 OT tO Q) W E Thymospora S 20 obscura T P Thymospora 2" 5 H thiessenii o « A Tritteling .« G L ai A I 8-9 OJ g u A •9- -J a. N

40 11-12 13

I I 14

15-16 Laudrefang 18 19

100 Merlebach 100

• WESTPHALIAN C

LOG. 4. — Late Carboniferous of the Lorraine Basin, coordinated by Donsimoni, Laveine and Coquel, Faulquemont, 6°38'E 49°02'E. 1, Donsimoni (this paper); 2, Laveine (this paper); 3, Coquel (this paper).

550 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE LORRAINE BASIN

Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Western European La Houve Tonstein Coal seams (1) (2) (3) Stages

Potsberg Angulisporites T splendidus =| I TU Latensina OPQ IL Schwalbach l trileta Dilsburg ° I o I L 1 (Wahlschied) î STEPHANIAN I OT

Thymospora A' E obscura Gottelborn § S

•Q Thymospora .S thiesseneii 100_ .Ol m Robert-Jeanne CD

0_ Holz WESTPHALIAN D

LOG. 5. — Late Carboniferous of the Lorraine Basin, coordinated by Donsimoni, Laveine and Coquel, La Houve, 6°38'E - 48°45'N. 1, Donsimoni (this paper); 2, Laveine (this paper); 3, Coquel (this paper).

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 551 Izart A. étal.

WESTPHALIAN C-D OF THE NORTH FRANCE COAL BASIN

Marine Pelecypods Palynomorphs Western European Henin 4th order 3rd order 2nd order Faisceau Tonstein Goniatites Macroflora (D band Estheruds (2) (3) Stages 1 OT Edouard a Thymospora obscura Valence o Cyzicus Thymospora (Euestheria) 9> thiessenii WESTPHALIAN Ulric simoni D Neuropi Dusouich

Talence rinervis ra

Prudence HST eopieris H / c ^ if i • S Anthraco- mS j3 nauta 3 SL c philiipsi •2 Ernestine ë Patrice S-

HST Torispora

Maxence Laveine securis WESTPHALIAN /s —^r- Torispora 9t ^= C laevigata Estheria Six sillons Laurence cf n mathieui / g I 1 / Hermance -> ? / -- Anihraco- / Constance ceras Basilic aegiranum /IFS UFS Rimbert ^_ Viterbe T R T R T R WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 6. — Westphalian C and • of the North France Basin, coordinated by Izart, Laveine and Coquel. 1, Izart after Bouroz et al. (1964); 2, Laveine (this paper); 3, Coquel (this paper). Hénin, North France, 3°E - 50°30'N.

552 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tcthyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

THE NETHERLANDS COAL BASIN

Western European Tubbergen8 Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages

Emmen AUTUNIAN

STEPHANIAN

Pecopteris vestitata

De Lutte Pecopteris Potonieisporites micromiltonii spp. Endosporites globiformis WESTPHALIAN Cordaltina sp. D

Illinites Linopteris unicus bunburii Taewiate bisaccates

Monolete spores "Neuropteris Vestispora obliqua" Tubbergen fenestrata Florinites spp. WESTPHALIAN C

Vestispora magna 80 m- 7^ TV Dictotriletes ~7\ 7V Maurlis bireticulatus 0 - WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 7. — The Netherlands coal Basin, coordinated by Gelùk, after Geluk (1997). Tubbergen-8, 6°53'E - 52°26'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 553 Izart A. et al.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE NORTHERN ENGLAND BASIN

Marine Coal Pelecypods Western European Staffordshire Formations Goniatites Macroflora Palynomorphs bands seams Estheriids Stages

Clent AUTUNIAN

Enville STEPHANIAN Keele

Newcastle WESTPHALIAN Thymospora D Etruria obscura V-.'vV,^>' Cambriense A.phillipsii T.securis • Shafton Anthracoceras Coal Edmondia cambriense Upper WESTPHALIAN 80 Highman Vestispora Measures similis- C Anthracoceras magna Wales pulchra 0 Aegir aegiranum WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 8 — Late Carboniferous of the Northern England Basin, coordinated by Izart, Izart (this paper) after Ramsbottom et al. (1978). Stafford, North England, 2°W - 52°50'N.

WESTPHALIAN OF THE RUHR COAL BASIN

Pelecypods Western European Marine bands Coal seams Goniatites Palynomorphs Estheriids Stages Xante n Aiethopteris Walkùr michauxi Volker Undine

Tristan Siegfried Rubezahl

Parsifal Aiethopteris Odin grandini

Niebelung Mariopteris Midgard robusta WESTPHALIAN Loki C Kobold Neuropteris Iduna chalardi Hagen Linopteris Torispora Gudrun A. philHpsii regniezi securis Freya Erda Reticulopteris Chriemhilt munsteri Anthracoceras Baldur Aegir aegiranum

WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 9. — Germany Basins. Westphalian of the Ruhr coal Basin, coordinated by Sùss after Fiebig (1969) and Josten (1991). Lippermulde 1, Ruhr, Germany, 6°52'E - 51°37'N.

554 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permia

WESTPHALIAN D OF IBBENBÙHREN/OSNABRÙCK AREA (GERMANY)

Ibbenbùhren Western European Marine bands Coal seams Macroflora Palynomorphs Osnabrûck Stages

(Rote Tone)

no marine Mettingen WESTPHALIAN band D

Itterbeck

Bockraden Sigillaria principis Franz Alethopteris pontica Buchholz Neuropteris Flottwell 40 m dusarti Alexander Neuropteris mi Dickenberg ovata

LOG. 10. — Germany Basins. Westphalian of the Ibbenbûhren/Osnabrûck area coordinated by Sùss, after Josten (1991) Ibbenbùhren, Osnabrûck, 8°E - 52°20'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 555 Izart A. et ai.

STEPHANIAN AND AUTUNIAN OF THE SAALE (EASTERN GERMANY) BASIN

Macroflora Ichnolites Western European NE Saale Formations (D (2) "Stages" Eisleben Gilmoreichnus Brachwitz Dromopus SAXON I AN lacertoides Upper Hornburg Amphisaurus Rotliegend imminitus

AUTUNIAN

Autunia Lower conferta Rotliegend Autunia naumanii

Sphenophyllum thonii Walchia Upper piniformis Stephanian Sphenophyllum longifolium

Pecopteris Lower lamuriana Rothenburg Stephanian Sigillarla defrancei Neuropteris Gorenzen Westphalian D ovata

BASEMENT

LOG. 11. — Germany Basins. Stephanian and Autunian of the Saale (eastern Germany) Basin, coordinated by Izart, Izart (this paper) after Schneider & Rossler (in press); 1, Broutin (this paper); 2, Lûtzner (1987). Halle, NE Saale, 12°E - 51°30'N; Tambach, SW Saale, 10°36'E - 50°48'N.

556 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Eatly Petmian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE UPPER SILESIAN BASIN

Upper Western European Formations Coal seams Macroflora Palynomorphs Silesia Stages

Kwaczala Dadoxylon sp. STEPHANIAN

OT 110 y> s 111 sy.-. '.'....•'.V Thymospora obscura WESTPHALIAN D ^.'/.'••v!"v<<'. 112 ovata

Libiaz obliqua •ys...'.,./>. 113 114

a /.. ;.. .->y- 116 Pecopteris lamuriana Neuropteris 119 Linopteris rarinervis 203 SL 205 Laziska WESTPHALIAN C 125m. A ' •' A.- 206 Torispora securis 207 *•'.*• V^- Torispora laevigata 0 _ 209 Laveineoptehs

WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 12. — Poland Basins, coordinated by Izart. Late Carboniferous of the upper Silesian Basin, Izart (this paper) after Zdanowski & Zakowa (1995). Katowice, Poland, 19°E - 50°15'N.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE LUBLIN BASIN

Western European Lublin Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages

7^ WESTPHALIAN D ?

Pecopteris lamuriana

Magnuszew 7^ 7T-

SL 7T 7^T Linopteris obliqua 7T

Torispora sp. WESTPHALIAN C

Vestispora fenestrata

Laveineopteris

Lublin Punctatosporites granifer

WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 13. — Poland Basins, coordinated by Izart. Late Carboniferous of the Lublin Basin, Izart (this paper) after Zdanowski & Zakowa (1995). Lublin, Poland, 22°45'E - 51°15'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 557 Izart A. état.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE LOWER SILESIAN BASIN CZECH REPUBLIC

Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Western Euro pean Stages Brou-1 (1) (D (1) (D (2)

Autunia conferta Autunia naumanii Walchia piniformis

Potonieisporites m novicus

Broumov Florinites

m AUTUNIAN AUTUNIAN

BHsnraa

Chvalec Autunia naumanii

Aiethopteris zeilleri Cadiospora magna Odontopteris brardii Angulisporites splendidus C UPPER Sphenophyllum Potonieisporites STEPHANIAN STEPHANIAN oblongifolium novicus B £££££ Sphenophyllum Verrucosisporites thoni v. minor grandiverrucosus A LOWER Odolov STEPHANIAN Sphenophyllum Vestispora fenestrata CANTABRIAN emarginatum Vestispora quaesita Pseudomariopteris ribeyroni WESTPHALIAN D

Sphenophyllum Torispora securis myriophyllum Westphalensisporites WESTPHALIAN C Sphenophyllum striatus cuneifolium Zacler

Laveineopteris Dictyotriletes 100m tenuifolia bireticulatus WESTPHALIAN B Paripteris Savistrisporites linguaefolia camtotus 0

LOG. 14. — Czech Republic Basins, coordinated by Oplustil, Pesek, Martinek, Simunek & Drabkova. Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the lower Silesian Basin. 1, Oplutil et al. (this volume); 2, this paper. Broumov, Czech Republic, 16°21'E - 50°35'N.

558 QEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and matine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins duting the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS IN THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN BOHEMIA

Western European Stages OB-1 Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs (D | (2) Sphenophyllum angustifolium Sphenophyllum thoni v. minor Pecopteris densifolia Ernestiodendron flliciforme Calllpteridlum pteridium Odontopteris brardii UPPER Odontopteris osmundaeformis Sphenophyllum Otruby oblongifolium Granulatisporites Sphenophyllum granifer longifolium Sphenophyllum STEPHANIAN Slany Malesice Verrucosisporites thoni v. minor grandiverrucosus Pseudomariopteris ribeyroni Kosankeisporites Odontopteris elegans Jelenice intermedia

Sigillaria brardii

Sphenophyllum Tynec thoni v. minor

Nemejcopteris feminaeformis LOWER STEPHANIAN

Sphenophyllum Vestispora fenestrata emarginatum Vestispora quaesita CANTA- Dicksonites pluckeneti BRIAN Ptychocarpus unitus Nyrani

Praecallipteridium Torispora securis rubescens Punctatosporites minutus Kladno WESTPHALIAN D Sphenophyllum Microreticulosporites emarginatum nobilis Laevigatosporites minimus

Laveineopteris Knoxisporites tenuifolia Pustulatisporites Radnice Sphenophyllum pustulatus WESTPHALIAN C cuneifolium Dictyotriletes

BASEMENT

LOG. 15. — Czech Republic Basins, coordinated by Oplustil, Pesek, Martinek, Simunek & Drabkova. Late Carboniferous in the cen tral and western Bohemian. 1, Oplustil et al. (this volume); 2, this paper. Otruby, Czech Republic, 14°06'E - 50°15'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 559 Izart A. et al.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE BOSKOVICE FURROW

Western European Boskovice Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages

Walchia piniformis

Autunia conferta

Autunia naumanii Potonieisporites Upper novicus

red Lodevia nicklesii

Florinites Dichophyllum minutus flabellifera

Odontopteris minor AUTUNIAN

Odontopteris osmondaeformis

TT TT-

Odontopteris brardii

Rosice- Oslavany

Sphenophyllum UPPER angustifolium STEPHANIAN 50m

STEPHANIAN C Basai red

0 V//////////////////////////////////////////////A BASEMENT

LOG. 16. — Czech Republic Basins, coordinated by Oplustil, Pesek, Martinek, Simunek & Drabkova. Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Boskovice Furrow, after Oplustil et al. (this volume). Boskowice, Czech Republic, 16°25'E - 49°10'N.

560 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE KRKONOSE BASIN

Western European Stages Pé-1 Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs (1) (2) Vesicaspora spp. Vittatina costabilis Prosecne Autunia conferta Gardenaisporites glomus Knoxisporites glomus Endosporites formosus

Autunia conferta Potonieisporites novicus AUTUNIAN AUTUNIAN

Vittaina costabilis Vrchlabi Ernestiodendron filiciforme Protohaploxipinus spp.

Hamia pollinites

Ernestiodendron filiciforme Cadiopora magna Spinisporites Callipteris pteridium S spinosus T Alethopteris zeilleri C UPPER Semily Odontopteris Potonieisporites E STEPHANIAN osmudaeformis novicus P H / Pecopteris unita Cadiospora magna \ A 1 Annularia stellata Endosporites \ N Sphenophyllum formosus I Syrenov B A emarginatum Verrucosisporites \ Sphenophyllum sinensis 1 N Gillespieisporites spp. / A \ oblongifolium LOWER STEPHANIAN Alethopteris sp. CANTABRIAN Kumburk Pecopteridium costei 100m. Nemejcopteris No microflora feminaeformis WESTPHALIAN D 0

LOG. 17. — Czech Republic Basins, coordinated by Oplustil, Pesek, Martinek, Simunek & Drabkova. Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Krkonose Basin. 1, Martinek et al. this volume; 2, this paper. Prosecne, Czech Republic, 15°41'E - 50°34'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 561 Izarr A. et ai

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE KRUSNE HORY MOUNTAINS

Western European Krusne hory Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages mm WEB BBHBB AUTUNIAN Red -UPPER mm STEPHANIAN i ?

Sphenopteris

-7^ 7T— nummularia

•yx 7T— Paripteris gigantea Grey

Sphenophyllum cuneifolium WESTPHALIAN B-C

Corynepteris IW angustissima Senptenbergia SKSÏ8! pennaeformis

20 m

LOG. 18. — Czech Republic Basins, coordinated by Oplustil, Pesek, Martinek, Simunek & Drabkova. Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Krusne hory Mountains, after Oplustil et al. (this volume). Krusne Hory, Czech Republic, 13°24'E - 50°37'N.

562 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

MOSCOVIAN OF THE NORTHERN GEMERIC UNIT

Western European N Gemeric Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages

Angulisporites II splendidus Reticulasporites irregularis WESTPHALIAN Hamor Apiculatisporites C-D raistrickii lllinites elegans

"7^ 7V— Thymospora thiessenii 50 m

A-B

LOG. 19. — Slovak Republic Basins, coordinated by Vozarova. Moscovian of the northern Gemeric unit (Slovak Republic), after Vozarova (this paper). Northern Gemeric, Slovak Republic, 20°30'E - 48°55'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 563 Izart A. et al.

AUTUNIAN AND SAXONIAN OF THE NORTHERN GEMERIC UNIT

Western European Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs N Gemeric Stages

Vittatina div. sp.

Nuskoisporites dulhuntyi

Limitisporites moesensis

Petrova Hora SAXONIAN

AUTUNIAN

HHSBfBB • SIS Knola 80 m

0 •

LOG. 20. — Slovak Republic Basins, coordinated by Vozarova. Autunian and Saxonian of the northern Gemeric unit (Slovak Republic), after Vozarova (this paper). North Gemeric, Slovak Republic, 20°30'E - 48°55'N.

564 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE ZEMPLINIC UNIT

Western European Formations Palynomorphs Zemplinic Macroflora Stages

Columinisporites ovalis Thymospora perverrucosa Kasov Dadoxylon sp. Vestispora fenestrata Cyclogranisporites mm pergranulus

Columinisporites

Stigmaria ficoides Lycospora granulata Pecopteris cyathea Torispora Cordaites laevigata borrassifolius STEPHANIAN 7T Trna Densosporites Asterotheca plicatus arborescens Endosporites div. sp. Aiethopteris bohemica Torispora securis 7* Sphenophyllum Thymospora oblongifolium thiessenii Thymospora Annularia perverucosa pseudostellata

Calamités cistii 7V Lycospora pusilla Pecopteris ci miltonii Laevigatosporites sp. Luhyna Asterophyllites trichomatosus Dendosporites div. sp.

Triquitres tricuspis Microreticulati- sporites WESTPHALIAN Cerhov sulcatus C-D Cyrratriradites 100m trizonarius

LOG. 21. — Slovak Republic Basins, coordinated by Vozarova. Late Carboniferous of the Zemplinic unit (Slovak Republic), after Vozarova (this paper). Zemplinic, Slovak Republic, 21°44'E - 48°30'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 565 Izart A. et al.

AUTUNIAN AND SAXONIAN OF THE ZEMPLINIC UNIT

Western European Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Zemplinic Stages

Lueckisporites virkkiae Cernochov Striatites richteri

Lueckisporites THURINGIAN ? virkkiae Jugasporites delasaucei Limitisporites rectus Lunatisporites div. sp. Klausipollenites schaubegeri Falcisporites î zapfei

Cejkov

SAXONIAN

Vittatina div. sp.

Florinites div. sp.

.J.V.Y. Potonieisporites radiosus AUTUNIAN Potonieisporites novicus Nuskoisporites dulhuntyi 25 m_

n 1

LOG. 22. — Slovak Republic Basins, coordinated by Vozarova. Autunian and Saxonian of the Zemplinic unit (Slovak Republic), after Vozarova (this paper). Zemplinic, Slovak Republic, 21°44'E - 48°30'N.

566 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permia

STEPHANIAN OF THE HRONIC UNIT Western European Hronic Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages

Laevigaspohtes div. sp. Asterotheca miltonii Cyclogranisporites densus Cadiospora Asterotheca magna arborescens Allatisporites verrucosus Potonieisporites div. sp. Disaccites striatiti Cordaites STEPHANIAN palmaeformis Nizna Boca Torispora securis

Callipteridium Lycospora pusilla gigas Crassispora kosankei

Laevigatosporites vulgaris

501 Thymospora m pseudothiessenii

LOG. 23. — Slovak Republic Basins, coordinated by Vozarova. Stephanian of the Hronic unit (Slovak Republic), after Vozarova (this paper). Hronic, Slovak Republic, 19°58'E - 49°03'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 567 Izart A. et al.

AUTUNIAN AND SAXONIAN OF THE HRONIC UNIT

Western European Hronlc Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages

Latensina trileta

Potonieisporites radiosus Potonieisporites

Limitisporites rectus Jugasporites deiassaucei

Vittatina ovalis SAXONIAN

Maluzina

Spinosporites exiguus AUTUNIAN Cordaitina sp.

Vittatina div. sp.

Punctatisporites speciosus Columinisporites ovalis Florinites luberae Latensina trileta Potonieisporites div. sp. Illinites unicus 80 m Disaccites striatiti Nuskoisporites • -• -• -• -• - dulhuntyi

LOG. 24. — Slovak Republic Basins, coordinated by Vozarova. Autunian and Saxonian of the Hronic unit (Slovak Republic), after Vozarova (this paper). Hronic, Slovak Republic, 19°58'E - 49°03'N.

568 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

AUTUNIAN AND SAXONIAN OF THE SOUTHERN GEMERIC UNIT

Western European S Gemeric Formations Macroflora Palynomorphs Stages

Potonieisporites novicus

Striatodisaccites

Gnetaceapollenites

SAXONIAN Vittatina sp. Roznava

mm Vittatina costabilis

J.J.J.J.jl Leiotrilites infragranulatus AUTUNIAN

Triquitrites additus

Reticula tisporites reticulocingulum

25 m

LOG. 25. — Slovak Republic Basins, coordinated by Vozarova. Autunian and Saxonian of the southern Gemeric unit, after Vozarova (this paper). Southern Gemeric, Slovak Republic, 20°18'E - 48°40'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 569 Izart A. et al.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE NORTHERN TURKEY BASIN

Zonguldak Western European Formations Macroflora Stages

AUTUNIAN 1 STEPHANIAN ? Neuropteris r Kizilli ovata WESTPHALIAN D Laveineoptehs rarinervis

7X 7V

Neuropteris obliqua 50m WESTPHALIAN Karadon Paripteris linguaefolia C Mariopteris muricata 55553 WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 26. — Late Carboniferous of the Northern Turkey Basin, coordinated by Izart, Izart (this paper) after Gôrur et al. (1997) and Kerey et al. (1985). Zonguldak, North Turkey, 31°30'E - 41015'N.

570 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE CAUCASUS BASIN

Western European Eastern European N Caucasus Formations Macroflora Stages Stages Walchia piniformis AUTUNIAN PERMIAN ? UPPER GZHELIAN "7T 7V~ STEPHANIAN

Asterotheca hemitelioides LOWER Annularia KASIMOVIAN stellata STEPHANIAN Sigillaria brardii

M Myachkovian Sphenophyllum WESTPHALIAN 0 emarginatum D Podolskian S V.-.-.V C Sphenophyllum o majus Kashirian V - WESTPHALIAN 100 m ~7X • 7T Linopteris obliqua C I Neuropteris A gigantea Vereian 0 N

LOG. 27. — Late Carboniferous of the Caucasus Basin, coordinated by Izart, Izart (this paper) after Chernyavsky et al. (1978) Labinskoe, Russia, 42°E - 44°N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 571 Izart A. et ai

VEREIAN AND KASHIRIAN OF THE DONETS BASIN SEQUENCES (1) Bore holes r 1 Palynomorphs 1 and East European 771/849 4th order 3rd order 2nd order Formations Fusulinids (2) Conodonts (3) Macrollora (4) (5) Stages

LOG. 28. — Donets Basin (Ukraine), coordinated by Izart et al. (1996, 1998). Vereian and Kashirian of the Donets Basin. 1, Izart et al. (1996); 2, Vachard & Maslo (this paper); 3, Kozitkaya (this paper); 4, Laveine (this paper); 5, Coquel (this paper). Boreholes 771/849, 38°30'E-48°12'N.

PODOLSKIAN AND MYACHKOVIAN OF THE DONETS BASIN Bore hole 849 SEQUENCES (1) / Kalinovo — West and East European 4th order I 3rd order | 2nd order Formations Fusulinids (2) Conodonts (3) Macroflora (4) • Palynomorphs (5) Stages

Streptognathodus |j / cancellosus I s' Streptognathodus s_ A aff. excelsus 8 C HST H Sanjarovsky Fusulina cylindrica Neognathodus inaequalis E I 0 Neognathodus ^ I roundyi M O Gondolella eiegantula S & « 1 c o

Streptognathodus concinnus i Gondolella laevis Cadiospora spp Idiognathodus robustus Vestispora ; Fusulinella laevigala Sabovsky coianiae MFS Streptognathodus \ dissectus Idiognathodus obliquus TST Idiognathodus planus

LOG. 29. — Donets Basin (Ukraine), coordinated by Izart ef al. (1996, 1998). Podolskian and Myachkovian of the Donets Basin. 1, Izart et al. (1996); 2, Vachard & Maslo (this paper); 3, Kozitkaya (this paper); 4, Laveine (this paper); 5, Coquel (this paper). Boreholes 771/849, 38°30'E - 48°12'N.

572 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Terhyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Catboniferous and the Early Permian

KASIMOVIAN OF THE DONETS BASIN SEQUENCES (1)

alinovo Conodonts Macroflora Palynomorphs West and East European 4th order 3rd order 2nd order Formations Fusulinids (2) (3) (4) (5) Stages /

HST / / L HST / Triticites Streptognathodus ^> / acutus oppletus 0 W UPPER Triticites / E quasiarcticus Streptognathodus R K i MFS / elegantulus A TST\ / Thymospora spp. s Asterotheca i HST/' / Montiparus lamuriana S / MIDDLE M Torezky montiparus Cadiospora spp. T <-

T R T R T R

LOG. 30. — Donets Basin (Ukraine), coordinated by Izart et al. (1996, 1998). Kasimovian of the Donets Basin. 1, Izart et al. (1996); 2, Vachard & Maslo (this paper); 3, Kozitkaya (this paper); 4, Stchegolev (this paper); 5, Broutin (this paper). Kalinovo cross-section, 38°48'E - 48°36'N.

SEQUENCES (1) GZHELIAN OF THE DONETS BASIN Fusulinids Y Conodonts Macroflora Palynomorphs West and East Europe Kalinovo 4th order 3rd order (2) (3) (4) (5)

A. s., S. g., ASE Ernestiodendron filiciformis

Asterotheca daubreel Sphenopteris germanica Ultradaixina Aiethopteris Streptognathodus Mïronovsky bosbytauensis subelegans elongatus

Daixina robusta PRL

Pecopteris arcuata Raminervia mariopteroides Lodevia nicklesii

A. densifolia Daixina Streptognathodus Odontopteris sokensis elegantulus osmunda eformis

Jigulites Odontopteris jigulensis jakowlevi Idiognathodus Kalinovsky lobulatus

Streptognathodus elegantulus Triticites rossicus Asterotheca densifolia Triticites stuckenbergi Neuropteris auriculata

LOG. 31. — Donets Basin (Ukraine), coordinated by Izart et al. (1996, 1998). Gzhelian and Orenburgian of the Donets Basin. 1, Izart et al. (1996); 2, Vachard & Maslo (this paper); 3, Kozitkaya (this paper); 4, Stchegolev (this paper); 5, Broutin (this paper). Kalinovo cross-section, 38°48'E - 48°36'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 573 Izart A. et ai

EARLY PERMIAN OF THE DONETS BASIN SEQUENCES (1) ivano- West and East European darievka 4th order 3rd order 2nd order Formations Fusulinids (2) Macroflora (3) Palynomorphs (4) Stages h . - - -g / V HST / S \ / A Schwagerina L / K 1 / moelleri / ( MFS / Kramatorsk 0 M W A / E R \ \ R 1 A / N \ TST \ A U / Sphaerosch wagerina T U HST ' j sphaerica U P : HST Slavjansk s Schwagerina firma N P »! • / j E î A / TST

TST Lebachia G, N Kn L HST/ Sphaerosch wagerina angustifolia Kartamysh 0 fusiformis nieispo

T R T R T R

LOG. 32. — Donets Basin (Ukraine), coordinated by Izart et al. (1996, 1998). Early Permian of the Donets Basin. 1, Izart et al. (1996); 2, Vachard & Maslo (this paper); 3, Stchegolev (this paper); 4, Broutin (this paper). Ivanovo-Darievka cross-section, 37°30'E - 48°30'N.

MOSCOVIAN OF THE MOSCOW BASIN SEQUENCES Eastern European Formations Members Fusulinids (2) Conodonts (3) Corals (4) Substages Stages

L Peski Fusulina Neognathodus cylindrica roundyi Petalaxis MYACHKOVIAN Fusulinella Neognathodus vesiculosus bock: ineaqualis

Fusulinella colaniae Fusulinella Idiognathodus Ivanovia vozhgalensis podolskiensis podolskiensis PODOLSKIAN Ozawainella

S. concinnus I. robustus N. medadultimus Fusulinella Petalaxis subpulchra stylaxis Streptognathodus uralicum Fusulina dissectus schetlwieni

Streptognathodus Aljutovella parvus priscoidea

Aljutovella Declinognathodus aljutovica donetzianus

LOG. 33. — Moscow Basin, coordinated by Briand et al. Moscovian of the Moscow Basin. 1, Briand et al. (1998); 2, Makhlina et al. (1997); 3, Goreva (this paper); 4, Kossovaya (this paper). Borehole 4K, 37°30'E - 55°N; Borehole 5K, 38°E - 55°45'N.

574 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and rhe Early Permian

KASIMOVIAN AND GZHELIAN OF THE MOSCOW BASIN SEQUENCES (1) Bore noies Eastern European 1/42/7K ' 4th order 3rd order Formations Members Fusulinids (2) Conodonts (3) Corals (4) Substages Stages

Daixina Streptognathodus Arctophyllum Melekhovo MELEKHOVIAN ORENBUR- robusta wabaunsensis minimum GIAN

Streptognathodus Timania Noginsk Daixina NOGINSKIAN sokensis elongatus dobrolybovae

Drezna Pavlov- Jigulites PAVLOVO- Posad Kutuzovo jigulensis POSADIAN

Malinniki Streptognathodus ruzhensevi G Z H Amerevo AMEREVIAN E Turabievo Triticites Gshelia L rossicus rouilleri 1 Triticites A stuckenbergi N

Streptognathodus Shchelkovo RECHITSKIAN Rechilsy Simulator Rusavkino Troshkovo Triticites Idiognathodus K Dorogo- Izmailovo acutus lobulatus Cornupbyllum DOROGO- A kokscharowi milovo Meshcherino Triticites Idiognathodus MILOVIAN S Perkhurovo quasiarcticus toretzianus 1 M Khamov- Montiparus Idiognathodus Neverovo Bothrophyllum KHAMOVNICHIAN 0 nichi Ratmirovo montiparus sagittalis pseudoconicum V Protriticites Pseudotimania 1 Voskresensk Idiognathodus Krevyakino pseudomontiparus irregularis KREVYAKINIAN A arendti Suvorovo Obsolètes obsolètes N

R T R T

LOG. 34. — Moscow Basin, coordinated by Briand et al. Kasimovian and Gzhelian of the Moscow Basin. 1, Briand et al. (1998); 2, Makhlina et al. (1997); 3, Goreva (this paper); 4, Kossovaya (this paper). Boreholes 1/42, 35°50'E - 56°42'N; Borehole 7K, 38°30'E -56°N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 575 Izart A. et ai.

URAL(PERM) BASIN SEQUENCES

Gubakha 2nd order Formations Fusulinids Eastern European Stages

Urminsk ARTINSKIAN

Eoparafusulina lutugini Irgjnian Schwagerina concavutas

Schwagerina uralensis Sterlitamakian

Schwagerina verneuilli Schwagerina uralica SAKMARIAN Tastubskian

Schwagerina moelleri

Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica Shikhanian Sphaeroschwagerina moelleri Kholodno- ASSELIAN Sphaeroschwagerina fusiformis loqian Ultradaixina bosbytauensis Limestone ORENBURGIAN Daixina sokensis Formation Jigulites jigulensis GZHELIAN Triticites rossicus Triticites acutus Montiparus montiparus KASIMOVIAN Hrotriticites pseudomontiparûs" Fusulina cylindrica Myachkovian

Fusulinella colaniae Podolskian

Fusulinella subpulchra MOSCOVIAN Kashirian 100m Aljutovella priscoidea

Aljutovella aljutovica Vereian

LOG. 35. — Moscovian to Artinskian in Central Ural Basin (Perm), coordinated by Izart et al., after Chuvachov (1993). Gubakha, Russia, 57°30'E - 58°50'N.

576 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE EASTERN PRECASPIAN BASIN

Eastern European Formations Fusulinids Conodonts Janajol Stages

V V KUNGURIAN V

V V

ARTINSKIAN Schwagerina Gondolella SAKMARIAN moelleri biselli Sphaeroschwagerina Streptognatodus Janatan moelleri, fusiformis wabaunsensis ASSELIAN

Daixina sokensis Streptognatodus ORENBURGIAN 1 1 1 elongatus GZHELIAN Janaturmyce Montiparus montiparus Idiognathodus sp. KASIMOVIAN Y////, Kulakchy Myachkovian 1 1 M Jaiyndy 0 1 1 S Podolskian C 0 V Alibek 1 A Kashirian Sinelnikov N 1 Vereian BASHKIRIAN

LOG. 36. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Eastern Precaspian Basin (Kazakhstan), coordinated by Ensepbaev, afte Ensepbaev (this paper). Janajol, Kazakhstan, 57°E - 50°N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 577 Izart A. et ai

LATE CARBONIFEROUS 0F THE NW SPAIN BASINS

Formations and Members (1) Palynomorphs (31 Western European Weslem European Eastern European S:;ii)i;s i \ i Stages i4) Stages (2.1

STEPHANIAN C Calderon Orallo Antracitas UPPER no manne STEPHANIAN deposits

Perla Sur Central

Norte San Blas RAP0SA

STEPHANIAN Angulisporites splendidus Latensina LOWER BARRUELO trileta KASIMOVIAN Carboneros STEPHANIAN

Penacorba BRANOSERA Vanes Castilleria CANTABRIAN S. Salvadoi Thymospora Tejerina h " ' \ Verdena obscura OCEJO Thymospora thiessensii La Pernia Urbaneja I Rosa Maria Guardo WESTPHALIAN MOSCOVIAN Are nos UPPER (Myachkovian) OJOSA WESTPHALIAN LorOS D

Casavegaa

LOG. 37. — Late Carboniferous of northwestern Spain Basins, coordinated by Izart. 1, Bouroz et al. (1972), Wagner & Winkler-Prins (1985); 2, Lys (1988a); 3, Coquel (this paper); 4, this volume. La Pernia, Spain, 4°30'W - 43°N; Guardo, Spain, 4°50'W - 42°53'N; Tejerina, Spain, 5°0TW - 42°55'N; Castilleria, Spain, 4°28'W - 42°56'N; Barruello, Spain, 4°16'W - 42°53'N; Sabero, Spain, 5°10'W - 42°50'N; Villablino, Spain, 6°10'W - 42°58'N.

578 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

MOSCOVIAN STRATIGRAPHIC UNITS IN FOUR STRUCTURAL UNITS OF THE CANTABRIAN ZONE (SPAIN) La Sobia Unil Central Asturian Coalfield Ponga Unit Picos de Europa Unit BIOSTRATIGRAPHY CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY Characteristic LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY Fusulinid Zones (1) assemblaaes (2) Russian horizons (3| Stages \Gamonedo Protriticites \. Beds

branoserae

Fusulinella alvaradoi MYACHKOVSKY

Fito n—r—î M Sama Fm. u Group m Fusulinella pseudobocki P ^# î B N P 1 Fusulinella Fusulina e agujasensis s a rWî ° ° ° = r ; in Picos PODOLSKY u j — ttt de C Europa Fusulinella Fm. ginkeli Escalada irn Fm. Beedeina 0 truyolsi

Fusulinella v A subpulchra contracta KASHIRSKY

1 Lena 500 n Profusulinella 1 Group ici ÉÉÉË ovata 0 Beleno Fm. ! Aljutovella w A B artificialis e San m i Profusulinella VEREISKY Emiliano Profusulinella r N Fm. sitteri (upper *° •••••• part) Pena §^ Verella transiens Redonda i Ricacablello Valdeteja Lmst. Fm. Fm. A BASHKIRIAN 1

LOG. 38. — Cantabrian Basin (Spain), coordinated by Villa. Moscovian stratigraphie subdivisions in four structural units of the Cantabrian zone (Spain). 1, after van Ginkel (1965); 2, 3, Villa (this paper). Mieres, Spain, 5°47'W - 43°16'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Izart A. et al.

KASIMOVIAN OF THE PICOS DE EUROPA (CANTABRIAN ZONE, SPAIN)

Gamonedo -Cabrales Area BIOSTRATIGRAPHY CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY

Fusulinid Zones (1) Russian horizons (2) Stages

YAUZSKY

Rauserites

DOROGOMILOVSKY

Montiparus KHAMOVNICHESKY

KREVIAKINSKY Protriticites

MYACHKOVSKY MOSCOVIAN (uppermost part)

LOG. 39. — Cantabrian Basin (Spain), coordinated by Villa. Kasimovian of the Picos de Europa (Cantabrian zone, Spain). 1, according to Villa (1985, modified); 2, Villa (this paper). Picos de Europa, Spain, 4°50'W - 43°15'N.

580 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

MOSCOVIAN OF THE S TUSCAN SHELF EARLY PERMIAN OF THE S TUSCAN SHELF SEQUENCE SEQUENCES

T 3rd order Formations Fusulinids Eastern European Stages S Well PC330 2nd orde Formation Fusulinids Eastern European Stages Pseudostaffeia Spirifer sh cf. sphaeroidea KASIMOVIAN KUBERGANDIAN I I

MYACHKOVIAN —L- Yiangkienia BOLORIAN EARLY C PERMIAN i i Formation Misellina

Canceliina

Praeap ra fus uiina PODOLSKIAN MOSCOVIAN cf. lutugini ARTINSKIAN

S. Antonio limestone 0 T R KASHIRIAN

Ozawainella LOG. 41. — Italy Basins, coordinated by Pasini & Vai. Early exgr. Permian of the southern Tuscan shelf, Pasini & Vai (1997). 1 O.grandis VEREIAN

20 . 1 1 Carpineta BASHKIRIAN 0 T H

LOG. 40. — Italy Basins, coordinated by Pasini & Vai. Moscovian of the southern Tuscan Shelf, Pasini & Vai (1997).

SEQUENCES MOSCOVIAN OF THE S TUSCAN BASIN

S Tuscan 2nd order Formation Fusulinids Conodonts Corals Macroflora Eastern European Stages

Idiognathodus MYACHKOVIAN delicatus Fusiella praetipica

PODOLSKIAN MOSCOVIAN Farma

Spirophillum KASHIRIAN multilamellatum

VEREIAN Profusulinella

Pseudostaffeia Calamités BASHKIRIAN

T R

LOG. 42. — Moscovian of the southern Tuscan Basin, Pasini & Vai (1997), Borehole PC33b (Tuscany, Italy).

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20 (4) 581 Izart A. et al.

MOSCOVIAN OF THE CARNIC ALPS (Pramollo Basin) SEQUENCE

Carnic Alps 2nd order Formation Fusulinids Eastern European Stages

Ozawainella Fusulinella pramollensis Quasifusulinoides

MYACHKOVIAN MOSCOVIAN

Meledis

Pseudostaffella Fusulinella Ozawainella 1 A Wedekindellina

LOG. 43. — Austria boundary, coordinated by Vai, Pasini & Venturi. Moscovian of the Carnic Alps (Pramollo Basin), Pasini (this paper).

KASIMOVIAN AND EARLY GZHELIAN OF THE CARNIC ALPS (Pramollo Basin) SEQUENCES

LOG. 44. — Austria boundary, coordinated by Vai, Pasini & Venturi. Kasimovian and early Gzhelian of the Carnic Alps (Pramollo Basin), Vai & Venturi (1997).

582 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE GZHELIAN OF THE CARNIC ALPS (Pramollo Basin) SEQUENCES

Carnic Alps 4th order 3rd orderi 2nd orden Formations Fusulinids Brachiopods Macroflora Eastern European Stages Lower Occidentoschwagerina Pseudo- alpina Callipteris conferta schwagerina Rugosofusulina Limestone praevia

Pseudofusulinoides

Neospirifer Sphenophillum Pseudofusulina angustifolium Brachythyrina Auernig

Linoproductus NOGINSKIAN ORENBURGIAN Martinia (LATE GZHELIAN) Pseudofusulina multiseptata

T R T R T

LOG. 45. — Austria boundary, coordinated by Vai, Pasini & Venturi. Late Gzhelian of the Carnic Alps (Pramollo Basin), Vai & Venturi (1997).

EARLY PERMIAN OF THE CARNIC ALPS (Pramollo Basin) SEQUENCES

Carnic Alps 4th order 3rd order 2nd order Formations Fusulinids Macroflora Eastern European Stages

Goqgauer K. Pamirina P. vuiaaris ARTINSKIAN Tressdorier K. Praeparafusulina lutugini 22 Seikofel K. Pseudofusulina tschernyschewi Pseudosch wagerina iata

Trogkofel K. Robustosch wagerina schellwieni SAKMARIAN

Robustosch wagerina geyeri EARLY PERMIAN Upper Pseudo- Pseudosch wagerina schwagerina pulchra Limestone

Ps. carniolica Sphenophyllum Val doce angustifolium Ps. aequalis-confinii ASSELIAN Calipteiis Lower Occidentosch wagerina conferta Pseudo alpina sch wagerina Limestone

LOG. 46. - Austria boundary, coordinated by Vai, Pasini & Venturi. Early Permian of the Carnic Alps (Pramollo Basin), Vai & Venturi (1997).

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 583 Izart A. et al

LATE CARBONIFEROUS OF THE CARNIC ALPS SEQUENCES West & East Carnic Alps 4th order 3rd order Formations Fusulinids Macroflora European Stages Ul.dahtidzhumica Lower Ul. bosbytauensis Pseudo- Occidento- schwagerina schwagerina alpina Limestone Sch.ulukensis (Schulter- Ruzhenzevites kofel) ferganensis Pseudofusulinoides Sphenophyllum regularis oblongifolium Aphlebia elongata Carnizza Triticites immutabilis T. paraduplex Odont. alpina T. perlongus Odont. brardii T. turkestanensis Pec. feminaeformis

Schagonella gigantea Aphlebia elongata Pseudofusulina Alethopt. bohemica devexa acallosa Odontopteris P. multiseptata brardii P. paraconcinna Pec. feminaeformis Auernig S Dutkevitchia Callipt. pteridium T dastarensis Pec. ex gr. E D. kargalensis arborescens- P schlotheimii H D. ruzhencevi A N Alethopteris I Daixina alpina bohemica A Odontopteris N D. ex gr. admirabilis alpina Odontopteris brardii Corona Schagonella spp. Pec. feminaeformis Pseudomariopteris busquetii Pseudofusulina Sigillaria brardii multiseptata Sphenophyllum oblongifolium Daixina alpina D. sokensis Pseudo D. naviculaeformis mariopteris D. sakmarensis busquetii Triticites oryziformis Sphenophyllum Pizzul Jigulites jigulensis oblongifolium

Schagonella spp.

Daixina sp.

Rauserites sp. Sphenophyllum Ferganites aff. angustifolium ferganensis Meledis Montiparus montiparus Sphenophyllum Protriticites oblongifolium pseudomontiparus Protriticites ovatus Linopteris CANTA Bombaso Quasifusulinoides neuropteroides BRIAN quasifusulinoides Neuropteris R T ovata N. scheuchzeri Sphenophyllum oblongifolium

LOG. 47. — Austria boundary, coordinated by Krainer & Davydov. Late Carboniferous of the Carnic Alps, Krainer (this paper).

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 584 Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

EARLY PERMIAN OF THE CARNIC ALPS SEQUENCES Western European Eastern European Carnic Alps Formations Fusulinids Conodonts Macroflora Stages Stages

Goggau limestone

Tressdorf ARTINSKIAN limestone Praeparafusulina iutugini

Schwagerina moelleri Trogkofel limestone

SAKMARIAN Parasch wagerina Sweetognathus Upper inflata inornatus Pseudo- Pseudofusulina schwagerina moelleri limestone Ftobustoschwagerina (Zweikofel) geyeri Neogondolella Zellia heritschi bisselli Ruzhenzevites aff. ferganica Sphaerosch wagerina

glomerosa Pec. feminaeformis Pseudoschwagerina Sphenophyllum aequalis cf. angustifolium

LOG. 48. — Austria boundary, coordinated by Vai, Pasini, Venturi, Krainer & Davydov. Early Permian of the Carnic Alps, Krainer (this paper). Auernig, Carnic Alps, 13°17'E - 46°33'N; Trogkofel, Carnic Alps, 13°13'E - 46°35'N.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF IRAN BASIN

Eastern Formations Fusulinids Eastern European Elbourz Stages

SAKMARIAN

Dorud ASSELIAN

GZHELIAN ?

KASIMOVIAN ? Gheselghaleh

Fusulinella exgr. Myachkovian bocki

Podolskian Ozawainella pararhomboidalis Kashirian ?

BASHKIRIAN

LOG. 49. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of eastern Elbourz Basin (Iran), coordinated by Jenny & Jenny-Deshusses, after Jenny & Jenny-Deshusses (this paper). Gheselghaleh, Iran, 53°E - 34°N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 585 Izart A. et al.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE CENTRAL MOROCCO BASIN

Palynomorphs We*m

Bou Achouch Sphenobaiera y-yy- digitata Ginkgophyllum spp. 'ermum sp. Autuniopsis sp.

Dichophyllum cf. D. flabellifera Rhachiphyllum schenkii Lodevia nicklesii Potonieisporites Culmitzschia laxifolia Culmitzschia novicus- Culmitzschia laxifolia bharwaji parvifolia Culmitzschia complex Ernestiodendron parvifolia Nuskoisporites filiforme Culmitzschia Striatoabietes Otovicia hypnoides speciosa Waichia piniformis Ernestiodendron Sphenopteris filiciforme germanica Otovicia hypnoides Waichia (Lebachia) piniformis

Potonieisporites novicus Waichia (Lebachia) piniformis P. clarus Fiorinites minutis F. ovatus

Otovicia hypnoides Vittatina avalus

Odontopteris sp. Pecopteris sp. LATE Sphenophyllum thonii STEPHANIAN Sphenophyllum costae

LOG. 50. — Morocco Basins: Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Central Morocco Basin, coordinated by El Wartiti and Broutin, after El Wartiti & Broutin (this paper). Ait Ziffa, 7°30'W, 31°27'N; Bou Achouch, 5°44'W, 33°42'N; Khenifra, 5°40'W, 33°N; Tiddas, 6°16'W, 33°34'N; Haouz, 7°10'W, 32°N.

586 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Conrinenral and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

WESTPHALIAN C OF THE MOROCCAN BASIN SEQUENCES Pelecypods Western European Jerada 4th order 3rd order Assises Goniatites Foramini- Macroflora fera Estheriids Stages

HST

Anthra- Laveineo- conauta pteris E phillipsi rarinervis WESTPHALIAN MBD MFS C Cyzicus Laveineo- (Euestheria) pteris tenuifolia TST C B A Palaeo- Anthraco textula- MBS ceras riidae LST aegiranum

WESTPHALIAN B

LOG. 51. — Morocco Basins: Westphalian of the eastern Morocco Basin, coordinated by Izart, after Izart (this paper). Jerada, 2°W 34°30'N.

Western European

Four à chaux WESTPHALIAN D

SOUTH ALGERIA BASINS

Palynomorphs Western | Rouzaud European Stages Pél, rouges Potonieisporites Pél. Oued Neuropteris NM3 Seridja Thymospora Ardoin ovata obscura Laveineo- pteris Sliman rarinervis NM2

WESTPHALIAN Pélites D gréseuses

WESTPHALIAN Fusiella typica ventricosa C 10C Aljutovella postaljutovica WESTPHALIAN Anthracoceras n Carbonates C aegiranum Q ni de base Aljutovella aljutovica

LOG. 52. — Westphalian of the southern Algeria Basins, coordinated by Izart, after Nedjari (1982). Kenadza, southern Algeria, 2°W 31 °45'N; Mezarif, Southern Algeria, 1 °45'W - 31 °45'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 587 Izart A. étal.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE SOUTH TUNISIA BASIN

S Tunisia Formations Fusulinids Palynomorphs Eastern European Stages O) (2)

ARTINSKIAN m KR P2 Staffellidae ^777? SAKMARIAN

Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica KR P1 ASSELIAN Sphaeroschwagerina no data '////< moelleri

KR C3 Triticites sp. KASIMOVIAN

125 Fusulina cf. distenta Myachkovian m KR C2 Hemifusulina elliptica Pnrinlskian MOSCOVIAN Hemifusulina kashirica 0 Kashirian Hemifusulina moelleri Aljutovella postaljutovica BASHKIRIAN

LOG. 53. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the southern Tunisia Basin, coordinated by Massa and Lys. 1, Massa (this paper); 2, Lys (this paper). Kirchaou, 10°40'E - 33°N.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE GHADAMES BASIN

Ghadames Formations Fusulinids Palynomorphs Western European (1) (2) (3) Stages

AUTUNIAN

Tiguentourine

STEPHANIAN

Myachkovian M Glomospirella sp. Punctatosporites O granifer Podolskian S C Profusulinella cf. Dembaba Torispora sp. Kashirian 0 pseudolibrovichi V A I Laevigatosporites sp. 20 _ Aljutovella m Vereian A ex gr. tikhonovichi N I I 0 - BASHKIRIAN

LOG. 54. — Libya Basins, coordinated by Massa, Vachard and Coquel. Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Ghadames Basin (Libya). 1, Massa (this paper); 2, Vachard (this paper); 3, Coquel (this paper). Ghadames, Libya, 10°30'E - 29°N.

588 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE CYRENAIC BASIN

Formations Fusulinids Eastern European Palynomorphs A1-19 (D (2) Stages /////

EARLY not described PERMIAN -rV A1NC92 A1-37 Nodosaha cf. Strotersporites indicus GZHELIAN A1-37 shikhanica Protohaploxypinus goraiensis I I 125 Fusulinella ex gr. Plicatipollenites malabarensis I colaniae late I I m MOSCOVIAN Cannanoropollis janakii 0 Syzrania bella early i., Schubertella obscura (mosquensis) BASHKIRIAN Eostaffella acuta

LOG. 55. — Libya Basins, coordinated by Massa, Vachard and Coquel. Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the Cyrenaic Basin (Lybia). 1, Massa {this paper); 2, Vachard et al. (1993). A1-37 borehole:), 22°53'E - 30°44'N; A1NC92 borehole, 22°08'E - 31 °N; A1- 19borehole, 23°40'E - 31 °N.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF THE NORTH EAST EGYPT BASIN SEQUENCES |Eastem European) NE Egypt Formations Foraminifera Conodonts Corals Brachiopods Macroflora Stages

ARTINSKIAN

Cordaites sp. Aheimer Rhipidomella Callipteris cordialis conferta

Hemîgordius ptreptognathodus Bothrophyllum Anthracospirifer hadtoni spp. pseudoconicum sp.

Neospirifer Idiognathodus KASIMOVIAN Neognathodus cameratus

Abu Durba Calamités sp. Glomospira Nodoslnella MOSCOVIAN

LOG. 56. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the northeastern Egypt Basin, coordinated by Kora, after Kora (1995). Abu Durba, Egypt, 33°18'E - 28°35'N; Wadi Aheimer, Egypt, 32°23'E - 29°30'N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 589 Izart A. et al.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF SOUTHERN TURKEY

Foraminifera Eastern European Bademli Formations (1) (2) Staqes

Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica Quasifusulina cayeuxi ASSELIAN Tubiphytes obscurus 1 1 Cevizli Limestone Daixina sokensis ORENBURGIAN

Triticites sp. GZHELIAN

Fusulina paradistenta '•••'(••'•••••V'- KASIMOVIAN Quartzites Fusulina cf. cylindrica Aljutovella sp. MOSCOVIAN Staffellaeformes staffellaeformis

LOG. 57. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of the southern Turkey, coordinated by Monod. 1, Monod (1977); 2, Lys (1988). Bademli, southern Turkey, 32°E - 37°30'N.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF SYRIA

Eastern European Syria Formations Fauna - Flora Stages — — —

EARLY

Heil PERMIAN

— — —

— Potonieisporites sp. GZHELIAN S. triangulus — — Najeeb KASIMOVIAN —

MOSCOVIAN — — Sawanet

— BASHKIRIAN 125 m

LOG. 58. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of Syria, coordinated by Izart, after Al Youssef & Ayed (1992). Sawanet 2, Syria, 38°E-34°10'N.

590 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

PERMIAN OF ISRAËL BASIN

Bakhtesh Western European Group Formation Palynomorphs Qatan 2 Stage

Potoniesporites novicus

Distrialites insolitus Vittatina ovalis Plicatipollenites indicus

Punctatoporites minutus

Lophotriletes novicus Negev Sa'ad AUTUNIAN Vittatina costabilis

Protohaploxypinus microcorpus

10 Laevigatosporites callosus

LOG. 59. — Permian of Israël Basin, coordinated by Weissbrod, after Weissbrod (this paper). Well Bakhtesh Qatan 2, 35°E - 31 °N.

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF SAUDI ARABIA

West & East Well St 8 Formations Palynomorphs European Stages

E KUNGURIAN A R L Y Unayzah

P E ARTINSKIAN R M I SAKMARIAN A N

Thymospora obscura

Torispora granulata WESTPHALIAN

50 _ Berwath Punctatosporites spp. D m Potonieisporites spp. 0

LOG. 60. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of Saudi Arabia, coordinated by Izart and Vaslet, after Owens & Turner (1995) and Al Laboun (1993). Well 8, Saudi Arabia, 42°E - 30°N.

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 591 Izart A. et ai

LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN OF OMAN

West & East European Suwaihat 3 Formations Palynomorphs Brachiopods Stages

Cyrtella ARTINSKIAN Saiwan = Kingiacolpites nagmargensis "early Gharif" LATE subcircularis . . 1. . . (1) SAKMARIAN

Sterlitamakskian

Cycadopites cymbatus SAKMARIAN Protohaploxypinus spp. 111 "Vittatina" ASSELIAN Microbaculispora spp.

Cristatisporites spp. STEPHANIAN H Al Khlata Parasaccites spp. EARLY STEPHANIAN Potonieisporites spp. 20 m LATE Punctatisporites spp. WESTPHALIAN 0

LOG. 61. — Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of Oman, coordinated by Izart and Vaslet, after Broutin et al. (1995) and Angiolini et al. (1997); 1, Saiwan = ex "early Gharif" sensu Love (1994). Well Suwaihat 3, 55°E - 20°N.

EARLY PERMIAN OF SALT RANGE (PAKISTAN)

Sait Range Formations Fusulinids Pelecypods Palynomorphs Eastern european Stages T7T Cancellina Verrucosisporites KUBERGANDIAN Amb T^T Misellina ci planiverrucatus BOLORIAN

Sardhai

ARTINSKIAN ?

Warcha

SAKMARIAN ?

Cycadopites SAKMARIAN Dandot Eurydesma cymbatus Tastubskian Protohaploxypinus Tobra ASSELIAN limpidus

mm CAMBRIAN

LOG. 62. Early Permian of Sait Range Basin (Pakistan), coordinated by Iqbal et al., after Iqbal (this paper). Sait Range, 72°E 32°N.

592 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

APPENDIX 2

(1) Laboratoire de Géologie des Ensembles (14) Industrial Geological Amalgamation, Sédimentaires, Université de Nancy I, B.P. 239, Tsenter Geology, 39a, Warshawshoye Shosse, F-54506 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy (France) Moscow (Russia) (2) BRGM-SGN, B.P. 6009, F-45060 Orléans (15) Institute of Geological Sciences, Ukraineian cedex 2 (France) Academy of Sciences, 55b Chkalov Street, Kiev, (3) Laboratoire de Paléobotanique, Université 252601 (Ukraine) Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, 12 rue Cuvier, F-75252 (16) Faculty of Sciences, Department of Paris cedex 05 (France) Geology, University of Mansoura, Mansoura (4) Laboratoire de Palébotanique, Université des 35516 (Egypt) Sciences et Technologies Lille I, F-59655 (17) 6 rue J.-J.-Rousseau, F-92150 Suresnes Villeneuve d'Ascq (France) (France) (5) Department of Geosciences, Boise State (18) École des mines de Paris, CGES-sédimento- University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho logie, 35 rue Saint-Honoré, F-77305 83725 (USA) Fontainebleau cedex (France) (6) Faculté des Sciences, Département des (19) Département des Sciences de la Terre, Sciences de la Terre, Université Mohammed V, Université d'Orléans, B.P. 6759, F-45067 Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P. 1014, Rabat Orléans 2 (France) (Morocco) (20) Department of Geology, Charles University, (7) Faculté du Pétrole, département de Géologie Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2 (Czech Republic) du Pétrole et du Gaz, Institut polytechnique (21) Institute of Geology, Department of Kazakh, 22 rue Satpaev, 480013 Almaty Paleontology, Freiberg University of Mining and (Kazakhstan) Technology, Bernhard von Cotta Str. 2, D-09596 (8) Geological Survey, PO Box 157, 2000 AD Freiberg (Germany) Haarlem (The Netherlands) (22) Geologische Bundesanstalt, postfach 154, (9) Geological Institute of the Academy of A-1031 Wien (Austria) Sciences of Russia, 7 per. Pyzhevsky, Moscow (23) Geologisches Institut, Nussalle 8, D-53757 109117 (Russia) Bonn (Germany) (10) Madem Fakultesi, Jeoloji Bôlumû, Tubitak- (24) Dipartimento di Scienze geologiche, Glotek, ITU, Ayazaga, 80626, Istambul (Turkey) Universita degli studi di Bologna, 67 via (11) Pakistan Muséum of Natural History, 7/2 Zamboni, 1-40127 Bologna (Italy) Islamabad (Pakistan) (25) Geological Survey, Mlynska dolma 1, 81704 (12) AU-russian Research Geological Institute Bratislava (Slovak Republic) (VSEGEI), Sredny pr. 74, Saint Petersburg (26) Geological Survey, 30 Malkhe Israël Street, (Russia) Jérusalem 95501 (Israël) (13) Institut fur Géologie und Palàontologie der (27) Polish Geological Institute, Late Silesian Universitât Innsbrûck, Innrain 52, A-6020 branch, Sosnowiec (Poland). Innsbriick (Austria)

GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20 (4) 593