Stratigraphie Corrélations Between the Continental and Marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins During the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian
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Stratigraphie corrélations between the continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian Alain IZART 0), Denis VASLET <2>, Céline BRIAND (1>, Jean BROUTIN <3>, Robert COQUEL «>, Vladimir DAVYDOV («>, Martin DONSIMONI <2>, Mohammed El WARTITI <6>, Talgat ENSEPBAEV <7>, Mark GELUK <8>, Nathalya GOREVA <9), Naci GÔRÙR <1°>, Nayyer IQBAL <11>, Geroi JOLTAEV <7>, Olga KOSSOVAYA <12>, Karl KRAINER <13>, Jean-Pierre LAVEINE <«>, Maria MAKHLINA <14>, Alexander MASLO <15>, Tamara NEMIROVSKAYA <15>, Mahmoud KORA (16>, Raissa KOZITSKAYA (15>, Dominique MASSA <17>, Daniel MERCIER <18>, Olivier MONOD <19>, Stanislav OPLUSTIL <20>, Jôrg SCHNEIDER <21), Hans SCHÔNLAUB <22), Alexander STSCHEGOLEV <15>, Peter SÙSS <23\ Daniel VACHARD <4>, Gian Battista VAI <24>, Anna VOZAROVA <25>, Tuvia WEISSBROD <26>, Albin ZDANOWSKI <27> (see appendix 2 for addresses) Izart A. et al. 1998. — Stratigraphie corrélations between the continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian, in Crasquin-Soleau S., Izart A., Vaslet D. & De Wever P. (eds), Peri-Tethys: stratigraphie cor- relations 2, Geodiversitas 20 (4) : 521-595. ABSTRACT The compilation of detailed stratigraphie, sedimentologic and paléontologie data tesulted in sttatigtaphic corrélations of matine and continental areas outeropping today in the Tethyan and Peti-Tethyan domains: (1) the base of the Moscovian would correspond to the base of the Westphalian C in the Peri-Tethyan domain and to the base of the Westphalian B in the Tethyan domain; (2) the Kasimovian, the Gzhelian and the Otenbutgian would cor respond in the northern Peri-Tethyan domain and Tethyan domain (Catnic Alps) tespectively to the eatly Stephanian, the late Stephanian and the KEYWORDS Autunian p.p., in the southern Peri-Tethyan domain to an undifferentiated Peri-Tethys, biostratigrapny, time interval. The boundary between the Stephanian and the Autunian was Carboniferous, recognized in the Donets Basin with some doubts; (3) the Asselian, Permian, Sakmatian, Artinskian and Kungurian would correspond in ail the domains Tethys, stratigraphie corrélations. to the Autunian p.p. and the Saxonian that temain difficult to separate. GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 521 Izart A. et al RÉSUMÉ Corrélations stratigraphiques dans les bassins téthysiens et péri-tétbysiens au Carbonifère supérieur et au Permien inférieur. Des cotrélations sont ptoposées entre les domaines marins et continentaux du Paléozoïque supétieut affleu rant aujoutd'hui dans le domaine téthysien et sur les plate-formes qui le bor dent au notd et au sud: (1) la base du Moscovien cottespondrait dans le domaine péri-téthysien à la base du Westphalien C et dans le domaine téthy sien à la base du Westphalien B ; (2) le Kasimovien, le Gzhélien et l'Otenbufgien correspondraient dans le domaine notd péri-téthysien et dans le domaine téthysien (Alpes carniques) respectivement au Stéphanien infé rieur, supérieur et Autunien p.p., dans le domaine sud péri-téthysien à un MOTS CLES intervalle de temps indifférencié, la correspondance n'étant pas établie préci- Péri-Téthys, biostratigraphie, sément. La limite entre le Stéphanien et l'Autunien a été reconnue dans le Carbonifère, bassin du Donetz avec incettitudes ; (3) PAssélien, le Sakmarien, l'Artinskien, Permien, le Kungutien correspondraient dans tous les domaines à l'Autunien p.p. et au Téthys, corrélations stratigraphiques. Saxonien, qui testent difficile à différencier. INTRODUCTION BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE MARINE AND In the frame of the IGCP 343, a synthesis of the CONTINENTAL DOMAINS published and original data from eastern and western Europe, northern Africa and Arabia is Corrélations are proposed for the Bashkirian- presented. Three litho- and chronostratigraphic Moscovian and Namurian-Westphalian time cross-sections (location Fig. 1) show the results intervais in the northern Peri-Tethyan domain in three domains outcropping nowadays in the (Fig. 8). Sinitsyn et al. (1978), Yablokov et al. northern Peri-Tethyan domain (Fig. 2, Inset (1978), Aisenverg et al. (1978), Makhlina et al. Fig. 1), in the Tethyan domain (Fig. 3, Inset (1979), Solovieva (1985), Solovieva et al. (1985a, Fig. 2) and in the southern Peri-Tethyan domain b), Kagarmanov & Donakova (1990), Izart et al. (Fig. 4, Inset Fig. 3). Biostratigraphic corréla (1996), Izatt et al. (1998), Makhlina et al. tions are proposed in the northern Peri-Tethyan (1997), Vachard & Maslo (1996), Einoir et al. domain (Fig. 5) between the marine eastern (1996), Briand et al. (1998), Zhamoida (in basins (Russia, Ukraine) and the continental press), Ensepbaev et al. (this volume) described western basins (France, Germany), and are exten- the Carboniferous of the Ural, Moscow, Donets ded to the other domains (Figs 6, 7). Moreover, and Precaspian (Kazakhstan) Basins. The the latitudinal corrélations between the conti Bashkirian and Moscovian show thin and nental basins and the corrélations based on the médium bedded limestones in the Moscow and séquence stratigraphy allow to test the climatic, Ural Basins. During this time, the Donets was a eustatic and tectonic factors. The radiochrono- paralic basin with thick alternations of fluvial logic data chart of Hess & Lippolt (1986) and of sandstone, paleosol, coal, marine limestone and Menning (1995) are chosen for the Late Carbo claystone, deltaic siltstone and sandstone. In niferous and for the Permian respectively. eastern Europe, fusulinid, conodont and coral 522 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian FIG. 1. — Location of cross-sections on the paleogeographic map of the North Hémisphère during the Lower Permian modified after Scotese & Langford (1995). Land in white, shallow sea in stipple, océan in waves, active plate boundaries in bold Unes. AB, cross- section of the northern Peri-Tethyan Basins; CD, cross-section of the Tethyan Basins; EF, cross-section of the southern Peri- Tethyan Basins. biozones were defined for the Bashkirian, ne a biostratigraphy and a chronostratigraphy Moscovian, Kasimovian, Gzhelian and marine framework (Fig. 5). The distribution of flora for Early Permian (Fig. 5). See also for the fusuli- the North France coal basin (Laveine 1987) and nids, Davydov (1996) and the table in Krainer & microflora for western Europe (Clayton et al. Davydov (this volume) and for the corals 1977) are presented for the Namurian and Kossovaya (1996) and Kossovaya (this volume). Westphalian. The basins of Lorraine (Donsimoni In the paralic basins of western Europe, the 1981), the Netherlands (Geluk), the Ruht Namurian and the Westphalian présent thick (Fiebig 1969; Josten 1991), Poland (Zdanowski alternations of fluvial sandstone, paleosol, coal, & Zakowa 1995), the Czech (Oplustil & Pesek marine, lagoonal and lacustrine claystone, deltaic this volume) and Slovak (Vozarova this volume) siltstone and sandstone. The flora allows to defi- Republics, the Caucasus (Chernyavsky et al. GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 523 Izart A. et al AGE Continental FRANCE GERMANY DONETS MOSCOW URAL Marine (Ma) STAGES STAGES 274 Irensk Kungurian 277 Philippovsk SAALE Saraninsk Saxonian Sarginsk Artinskian Irginsk Hornburg 283 Burtsevsk N Sterlitamak 1MIA LU Kramatorsk Sakmarian n 1 AUTUN R Tastubsk Millery 290 Surmoulin LOWE Muse Slayjansk Sennewitz Shikansk Igornay Nikitovsk Asselian Autunian Sokolvesarsk Halle Epinac Kartamysh Kholodnolozk 296 Melekhovo Mironovsk Orenburgian SAINT- Noginsk ETIENNE 300 Mansfeld Zianchurinsk Couronnement Pavlov-Posad Amerevo Janon Kalinovsk Gzhelian 302 Rechitsv Dorogomilovo Stephanian Gier Grillenberg Kasimovian Torezk Khamovnichi Abzanovsk 305 Krevyakino S Westphalian N FRANCE RUHR Sanjarovsk Myachkovo D Bolshekynsk Ibbenburen Sabovsk Podolsk Assise de NIFEROU 308 Moscovian Bruay O Westphalian Lembeck Marievsk Kashira C Kirovsk CARB Dorsten Kamensk Vereia t 311 = Westphalian Horst LU A. d'Anzin Krasnodonsk P B Essen Asatausk 313 Upper Aza UP Westphalian A.de Vicoigne Bochum Makeevsk Tashatinsk A Zuevsk 315 Witten Bashkirian Namurian Blagodatnensk Sprockhovel Askynbashsk A. de Flines Lower Aza 317 C Manuilovsk Namurian Vorhalle Akavask Feninsk Siuransk 319 B Hagen FIG. 2. — The formations of the northern Peri-Tethyan Basins. 1978) and North Turkey (Zonguldak; Kerey et northern Peri-Tethyan Basin, where the correla- al. 1985; Gôrur et al. 1997) are also considered tion between the marine and continental in this study. The Donets Basin is the only domains has been attempted. In this basin, the 524 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian AGE Continental SPAIN ITALY CARNIC IRAN Marine (Ma) STAGES ALPS STAGES 274 Kungurian PALENCIA PICOS DE 277 EUROPA Goggau Saxonian Artinskian Tressdorf 283 N Trogkofel Upper Pseudo Sakmarian PERMIA unnamed -Schwagerina R 290 Dorud LOWE Asselian Autunian Grenzland 296 Rio Marina Lower Pseudo -Schwagerina Orenburgian Villablino Carnizza 300 Auernig Sabero Corona Gzhelian 302 Stephanian Pizzul Barruelo Puentelles Kasimovian Spirifer Meledis 305 Cantabrian Branosera Gamonedo S Bombaso Gheselghaleh Westphalian Central ASTURIAS D Sama NIFEROU 308 Moscovian San Antonio O Westphalian C Picos de CARB i 311 Europa = I Westphalian Lena B 313 UPPE Westphalian A 315 Carpineta Namurian 317 C Valdeteja Valdeteja Bashkirian Namurian B 319 FIG. 3. — The formations of the Tethyan Basins.