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Eubrontes and Anomoepus Track
Sullivan, R.M. and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2016, Fossil Record 5. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 74. 345 EUBRONTES AND ANOMOEPUS TRACK ASSEMBLAGES FROM THE MIDDLE JURASSIC XIASHAXIMIAO FORMATION OF ZIZHONG COUNTY, SICHUAN, CHINA: REVIEW, ICHNOTAXONOMY AND NOTES ON PRESERVED TAIL TRACES LIDA XING1, MARTIN G. LOCKLEY2, GUANGZHAO PENG3, YONG YE3, JIANPING ZHANG1, MASAKI MATSUKAWA4, HENDRIK KLEIN5, RICHARD T. MCCREA6 and W. SCOTT PERSONS IV7 1School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; -email: [email protected]; 2Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217; 3 Zigong Dinosaur Museum, Zigong 643013, Sichuan, China; 4 Department of Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan; 5 Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7, D-92318 Neumarkt, Germany; 6 Peace Region Palaeontology Research Centre, Box 1540, Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia V0C 2W0, Canada; 7 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta 11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada Abstract—The Nianpanshan dinosaur tracksite, first studied in the 1980s, was designated as the type locality of the monospecific ichnogenus Jinlijingpus, and the source of another tridactyl track, Chuanchengpus, both presumably of theropod affinity. After the site was mapped in 2001, these two ichnotaxa were considered synonyms of Eubrontes and Anomoepus, respectively, the latter designation being the first identification of this ichnogenus in China. The assemblage indicates a typical Jurassic ichnofauna. The present study reinvestigates the site in the light of the purported new ichnospecies Chuanchengpus shenglingensis that was introduced in 2012. After re- evaluation of the morphological and extramorphological features, C. -
China As a Hybrid Influencer: Non-State Actors As State Proxies COI HYBRID INFLUENCE COI
Hybrid CoE Research Report 1 JUNE 2021 China as a hybrid influencer: Non-state actors as state proxies COI HYBRID INFLUENCE COI JUKKA AUKIA Hybrid CoE Hybrid CoE Research Report 1 China as a hybrid influencer: Non-state actors as state proxies JUKKA AUKIA 3 Hybrid CoE Research Reports are thorough, in-depth studies providing a deep understanding of hybrid threats and phenomena relating to them. Research Reports build on an original idea and follow academic research report standards, presenting new research findings. They provide either policy-relevant recommendations or practical conclusions. COI Hybrid Influence looks at how state and non-state actors conduct influence activities targeted at Participating States and institutions, as part of a hybrid campaign, and how hostile state actors use their influence tools in ways that attempt to sow instability, or curtail the sovereignty of other nations and the independence of institutions. The focus is on the behaviours, activities, and tools that a hostile actor can use. The goal is to equip practitioners with the tools they need to respond to and deter hybrid threats. COI HI is led by the UK. The European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats tel. +358 400 253 800 www.hybridcoe.fi ISBN (web) 978-952-7282-78-6 ISBN (print) 978-952-7282-79-3 ISSN 2737-0860 June 2021 Hybrid CoE is an international hub for practitioners and experts, building Participating States’ and institutions’ capabilities and enhancing EU-NATO cooperation in countering hybrid threats, located in Helsinki, Finland. The responsibility for the views expressed ultimately rests with the authors. -
The Jurassic Fossil Wood Diversity from Western Liaoning, NE China
Jiang et al. Journal of Palaeogeography (2019) 8:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42501-018-0018-y Journal of Palaeogeography RESEARCH Open Access The Jurassic fossil wood diversity from western Liaoning, NE China Zi-Kun Jiang1,2, Yong-Dong Wang2,3*, Ning Tian4,5, Ao-Wei Xie2,6, Wu Zhang7, Li-Qin Li2 and Min Huang1 Abstract Western Liaoning is a unique region in China that bears diverse types of Jurassic plants, including leaves, fern rhizomes, and wood, providing significant proxy for vegetation and palaeoenvironment reconstruction of the well-known Yanliao Flora in East Asia. In particular, the silicified wood is very abundant in the fossil Lagerstätte of the Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation in Beipiao, western Liaoning. Previous and recent systematic investigations documented a high diversity of the Jurassic wood assemblages. These assemblages are dominated by conifers, followed by cycads and ginkgoaleans. In total, about 30 species belonging to 21 genera of fossil wood have been recorded so far, which are represented by Cycadopsida, Ginkgopsida, Coniferopsida, and Gymnospermae incertae sedis. The evolutionary implications of several distinctive fossil wood taxa as well as palaeoclimate implications are summarized based on their anatomical structures and growth ring patterns. This work approaches the vegetation development and evolutionary significances of the wood taxa and their relatives, and provides clues for the further understanding of the diversity of the Jurassic Yanliao Flora in East Asia. Keywords: Fossil wood, Diversity, Evolution, Tiaojishan Formation, Jurassic 1 Introduction 2004;Wangetal.,2009). Among these localities, western Fossil floras are a significant record for the vegetation Liaoning is a well-known fossil Lagerstätte with diverse and for the palaeoenvironment reconstructions of the and well-preserved fossil plant foliages and wood (Zhang Mesozoic. -
Emotion in Pre-Qin Ruist Moral Theory: an Explanation of "Dao Begins in Qing"
EMOTION IN PRE-QIN RUIST MORAL THEORY: AN EXPLANATION OF "DAO BEGINS IN QING" Tang Yijie Departmentof Philosophy,Peking University Translatedby BrianBruya and Hai-mingWen Departmentof Philosophy,University of Hawai'i There is a view that holds that Ruistsnever put much emphasis on qing '1l and that they even regardedit in a negative light. This is perhapsa misunderstanding,espe- cially in regardto pre-Qin Ruism. In the Guodian Xing zi ming chu 'tsfi, the passage "dao begins in qing" (dao shi yu qing ^4f_'1 ) plays an importantrole in our understandingof the pre-Qin notion of qing. This article will concentrate on discussingthe "theoryof qing" in pre-Qin Ruism,and also in Daoism. In addition, it will attempta philosophical interpretationof "dao begins in qing," and in the pro- cess offer philosophical interpretationsof a numberof importantnotions. On "Dao Begins in Qing" The Guodian Xing zi ming chu is a Ruisttext of the middle WarringStates period (priorto 300 B.C.),and it contains the following key lines: Dao shi yu qing, qing sheng yu xing. ft4'hS,' 'r1S. t Dao begins in qing, and qing arisesfrom xing. Xingzi ming chu. 14 zpth. Xing issues from ming. Ming zi tianjiang. A i [F. Ming descends from tian. Discovering the correlationsamong these passages is crucial to understandingthe pre-Qin notions of xing and qing. To begin with, we can explain them as follows: the human dao (the norms of personal and social conduct) exists from the starton account of sharedemotions (qinggant1,f) among people. The qing of emotions (xi, nu, ai, le - ,Sti,) emerges out of human xing, and human xing is conferredby tian (human xing are obtained from ming, which tian confers). -
Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP Dating of the Yixian Formation in Sihetun, Northeast China
Cretaceous Research 28 (2007) 177e182 www.elsevier.com/locate/CretRes New evidence for Cretaceous age of the feathered dinosaurs of Liaoning: zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating of the Yixian Formation in Sihetun, northeast China Wei Yang a, Shuguang Li a,*, Baoyu Jiang b a Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China b Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China Accepted 30 May 2006 Available online 25 January 2007 Abstract We present the first report of U-Pb SHRIMP dating of zircons from three tuffs interbedded within the ‘‘feathered dinosaur’’-bearing deposits in western Liaoning, China. One is a sample from the Bed 6 tuff (LX-SHT-12) of the Yixian Formation in Sihetun, for which our zircon U-Pb SHRIMP analyses gave a Cretaceous age (124.7 Æ 2.7 Ma), in agreement with a previously published sanidine 40Ar/39Ar age (124.60 Æ 0.25 Ma). The other two are from the Bed 1 tuff (LX-HBJ-1) and Bed 8 tuff (LX-HBJ-6) of the Yixian Formation in Huangbanjigou; the former gave an age of 124.9 Æ 1.7 Ma, the latter an age of 122.8 Æ 1.6 Ma. The three consistent ages indicate that the Yixian Formation was deposited in the Early Cretaceous within a very short time period (ca. 2 Ma). Ó 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Keywords: Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating; Yixian Formation; Feathered dinosaurs; Liaoning; Jehol Biota 1. Introduction still the subject of disagreement. Previously K-Ar and Rb-Sr dat- ing results for the volcanic rocks of the formation have yielded Recently, a wide variety of spectacular fossils, including the Jurassic ages of 137 Æ 7 Ma and 142.5 Æ 4Ma(Wang and Diao, ‘‘feathered dinosaurs’’ Sinosauropteryx (Chen et al., 1998), Pro- 1984). -
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A couple of partially-feathered creatures about the The Outside Story size of a turkey pop out of a stand of ferns. By the water you spot a flock of bigger animals, lean and predatory, catching fish. And then an even bigger pair of animals, each longer than a car, with ostentatious crests on their heads, stalk out of the heat haze. The fish-catchers dart aside, but the new pair have just come to drink. We can only speculate what a walk through Jurassic New England would be like, but the fossil record leaves many hints. According to Matthew Inabinett, one of the Beneski Museum of Natural History’s senior docents and a student of vertebrate paleontology, dinosaur footprints found in the sedimentary rock of the Connecticut Valley reveal much about these animals and their environment. At the time, the land that we know as New England was further south, close to where Cuba is now. A system of rift basins that cradled lakes ran right through our region, from North Carolina to Nova Scotia. As reliable sources of water, with plants for the herbivores and fish for the carnivores, the lakes would have been havens of life. While most of the fossil footprints found in New England so far are in the lower Connecticut Valley, Dinosaur Tracks they provide a window into a world that extended throughout the region. According to Inabinett, the By: Rachel Marie Sargent tracks generally fall into four groupings. He explained that these names are for the tracks, not Imagine taking a walk through a part of New the dinosaurs that made them, since, “it’s very England you’ve never seen—how it was 190 million difficult, if not impossible, to match a footprint to a years ago. -
Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual
CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2016 ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION OCTOBER 6, 2016 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.cecc.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 21–471 PDF WASHINGTON : 2016 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Mar 15 2010 19:58 Oct 05, 2016 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 U:\DOCS\AR16 NEW\21471.TXT DEIDRE CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS House Senate CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, MARCO RUBIO, Florida, Cochairman Chairman JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma ROBERT PITTENGER, North Carolina TOM COTTON, Arkansas TRENT FRANKS, Arizona STEVE DAINES, Montana RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois BEN SASSE, Nebraska DIANE BLACK, Tennessee DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California TIMOTHY J. WALZ, Minnesota JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio GARY PETERS, Michigan MICHAEL M. HONDA, California TED LIEU, California EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS CHRISTOPHER P. LU, Department of Labor SARAH SEWALL, Department of State DANIEL R. RUSSEL, Department of State TOM MALINOWSKI, Department of State PAUL B. PROTIC, Staff Director ELYSE B. ANDERSON, Deputy Staff Director (II) VerDate Mar 15 2010 19:58 Oct 05, 2016 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 U:\DOCS\AR16 NEW\21471.TXT DEIDRE C O N T E N T S Page I. Executive Summary ............................................................................................. 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 5 Recommendations to Congress and the Administration .............................. -
Perennial Lakes As an Environmental Control on Theropod Movement in the Jurassic of the Hartford Basin
geosciences Article Perennial Lakes as an Environmental Control on Theropod Movement in the Jurassic of the Hartford Basin Patrick R. Getty 1,*, Christopher Aucoin 2, Nathaniel Fox 3, Aaron Judge 4, Laurel Hardy 5 and Andrew M. Bush 1,6 1 Center for Integrative Geosciences, University of Connecticut, 354 Mansfield Road, U-1045, Storrs, CT 06269, USA 2 Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, 500 Geology Physics Building, P.O. Box 210013, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; [email protected] 3 Environmental Systems Graduate Group, University of California, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95340, USA; [email protected] 4 14 Carleton Street, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA; [email protected] 5 1476 Poquonock Avenue, Windsor, CT 06095, USA; [email protected] 6 Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 North Eagleville Road, U-3403, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-413-348-6288 Academic Editors: Neil Donald Lewis Clark and Jesús Martínez Frías Received: 2 February 2017; Accepted: 14 March 2017; Published: 18 March 2017 Abstract: Eubrontes giganteus is a common ichnospecies of large dinosaur track in the Early Jurassic rocks of the Hartford and Deerfield basins in Connecticut and Massachusetts, USA. It has been proposed that the trackmaker was gregarious based on parallel trackways at a site in Massachusetts known as Dinosaur Footprint Reservation (DFR). The gregariousness hypothesis is not without its problems, however, since parallelism can be caused by barriers that direct animal travel. We tested the gregariousness hypothesis by examining the orientations of trackways at five sites representing permanent and ephemeral lacustrine environments. -
A Dinosaur Track from New Jersey at the State Museum in Trenton
New Jersey Geological and Water Survey Information Circular What's in a Rock? A Dinosaur Track from New Jersey at the State Museum in Trenton Introduction a large dinosaur track (fig. 2) on the bottom. Most of the rock is sedimentary, sandstone from the 15,000-foot-thick Passaic A large, red rock in front of the New Jersey State Museum Formation. The bottom part is igneous, lava from the 525-foot- (NJSM) in Trenton (fig. 1) is more than just a rock. It has a thick Orange Mountain Basalt, which overspread the Passaic fascinating geological history. This three-ton slab, was excavated Formation. (The overspreading lava was originally at the top of from a construction site in Woodland Park, Passaic County. It the rock, but the rock is displayed upside down to showcase the was brought to Trenton in 2010 and placed upside down to show dinosaur footprint). The rock is about 200 million years old, from the Triassic footprints Period of geologic time. It formed in a rift valley, the Newark Passaic Formation Basin, when Africa, positioned adjacent to the mid-Atlantic states, began to pull eastward and North America began to pull westward contact to open the Atlantic Ocean. The pulling and stretching caused faults to move and the rift valley to subside along border faults including the Ramapo Fault of northeastern New Jersey, about 8 miles west of Woodland Park. Sediments from erosion of higher Collection site Orange Mountain Basalt top N Figure 1. Rock at the New Jersey State Museum. Photo by W. Kuehne Adhesion ripples DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS 0 1 2 mi Orange Mountain Basalt L 32 cm Jo (Lower Jurassic) 0 1 2 km W 25.4 cm contour interval 20 feet ^p Passaic Formation (Upper Triassic) Figure 3. -
The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history. -
Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level
Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115 -
) Baieiicanjizseum
)SovitatesbAieiicanJizseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y. NUMBER 1901 JULY 22, 1958 Coelurosaur Bone Casts from the Con- necticut Valley Triassic BY EDWIN HARRIS COLBERT1 AND DONALD BAIRD2 INTRODUCTION An additional record of a coelurosaurian dinosaur in the uppermost Triassic of the Connecticut River Valley is provided by a block of sandstone bearing the natural casts of a pubis, tibia, and ribs. This specimen, collected nearly a century ago but hitherto unstudied, was brought to light by the junior author among the collections (at present in dead storage) of the Boston Society of Natural History. We are much indebted to Mr. Bradford Washburn and Mr. Chan W. Wald- ron, Jr., of the Boston Museum of Science for their assistance in mak- ing this material available for study. The source and history of this block of stone are revealed in brief notices published at the time of its discovery. The Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History (vol. 10, p. 42) record that on June 1, 1864, Prof. William B. Rogers "presented an original cast in sand- stone of bones from the Mesozoic rocks of Middlebury, Ct. The stone was probably the same as that used in the construction of the Society's Museum; it was found at Newport among the stones used in the erec- tion of Fort Adams, and he owed his possession of it to the kindness of Capt. Cullum." S. H. Scudder, custodian of the museum, listed the 1 Curator of Fossil Reptiles and Amphibians, the American Museum of Natural History.