St Cross Building, 612/24/10029 University of Oxford
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The British Library
PUBLIC SPACE AND THE ROLE OF THE ARCHITECT London Modernist Case Study Briefing (c. 2016 FABE Research Team, University of Westminster) THE BRITISH LIBRARY CONTENTS SUMMARY………………………………………………... .......... 3 1. BUILDING CHRONOLOGY……………………………......... 4 2. POLICY AND IDEOLOGY………………………………........ 7 3. AGENTS……………………………………………………….. 12 4. BRIEF…………………………………………………….......... 14 5. DESIGN…………………………………………………………16 6. MATERIALS/CONSTRUCTION/ENVIRONMENT 22 7. RECEPTION…………………………………………….......... 22 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………….……… 26 PROJECT INFORMATION Case Study: The British Library, 96 Euston Rd, London NW1 2DB Dates: 1962 - 1998 (final plan 1977, build 1982-1999, staggered opening November 1997- June 1999) Architects: Colin St John Wilson with M.J. Long, John Collier, John Honer, Douglas Lanham, Peter Carolin Client: The British Museum, then The British Library (following Act of Parliament 1972) Contractors: Phase 1A, Laing Management Contracting Ltd. Completion phase, McAlpine/Haden Joint Venture Financing: National government Site area: 112,643 m2 (building footprint is 3.1 hectares, on a site of 5 hectares) Tender price: £511 million. Budget overrun: £350 million 2 SUMMARY The British Library, the United Kingdom’s national library and one of six statutory legal depositories for published material, was designed and constructed over a 30-year period. It was designed by Colin St John Wilson (1922 – 2007) with his partner M J Long (1939 – ), and opened to the public in 1997. As well as a functioning research library, conference centre and exhibition space, the British Library is a national monument, listed Grade I in 2015. Brian Lang, Chief Executive of the British Library during the 1990s, described it as “the memory of the nation’, there to ‘serve education and learning, research, economic development and cultural enrichment.’1 The nucleus of what is now known as the British Library was, until 1972, known as the British Museum Library. -
Pallant House Gallery
__ The Economic Contribution of Pallant House Gallery 16 June 2016 Contents 5. Economic Model ............................................................................... 20 5.1 Additionality Analysis .......................................................................... 21 1. Executive Summary ........................................................................... 3 5.2 Economic Multipliers ........................................................................... 23 1.1 Growing Organisation ........................................................................... 3 5.3 GVA and FTE Conversion .................................................................. 23 1.2 Dedicated Audience ............................................................................. 3 5.4 Economic Modelling Results ............................................................... 24 1.3 Overall Economic Impact ..................................................................... 3 5.4.1 Audience Analysis ............................................................................... 24 1.4 Expansion since 2008 .......................................................................... 4 5.4.2 Organisation Analysis ......................................................................... 25 2. Introduction ........................................................................................ 5 5.4.3 Overall Assessment ............................................................................ 25 2.1 Methodological Overview .................................................................... -
Willis Papers INTRODUCTION Working
Willis Papers INTRODUCTION Working papers of the architect and architectural historian, Dr. Peter Willis (b. 1933). Approx. 9 metres (52 boxes). Accession details Presented by Dr. Willis in several instalments, 1994-2013. Additional material sent by Dr Willis: 8/1/2009: WIL/A6/8 5/1/2010: WIL/F/CA6/16; WIL/F/CA9/10, WIL/H/EN/7 2011: WIL/G/CL1/19; WIL/G/MA5/26-31;WIL/G/SE/15-27; WIL/G/WI1/3- 13; WIL/G/NA/1-2; WIL/G/SP2/1-2; WIL/G/MA6/1-5; WIL/G/CO2/55-96. 2103: WIL/G/NA; WIL/G/SE15-27 Biographical note Peter Willis was born in Yorkshire in 1933 and educated at the University of Durham (BArch 1956, MA 1995, PhD 2009) and at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, where his thesis on “Charles Bridgeman: Royal Gardener” (PhD 1962) was supervised by Sir Nikolaus Pevsner. He spent a year at the University of Edinburgh, and then a year in California on a Fulbright Scholarship teaching in the Department of Art at UCLA and studying the Stowe Papers at the Huntington Library. From 1961-64 he practised as an architect in the Edinburgh office of Sir Robert Matthew, working on the development plan for Queen’s College, Dundee, the competition for St Paul’s Choir School in London, and other projects. In 1964-65 he held a Junior Fellowship in Landscape Architecture from Harvard University at Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection in Washington, DC, returning to England to Newcastle University in 1965, where he was successively Lecturer in Architecture and Reader in the History of Architecture. -
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Chapter 2 From Architectural Concept to Built Form Introduction The following two chapters lay out the history of the Brunswick’s design, development and redevelopment over a period of 30 years, assembled through interviews, archival and bibliographic research (Appendices 4 & 5). The account reveals the contrasts and conflicts between different accounts and interpretations of the intentions behind, and evolution of the Brunswick scheme. It underlines the fundamental difficulty of ‘freezing’ a building in terms of its art historical evaluation, and the complexity of the process, involving many different parties apart from the architect as ‘author’, by which a work of architecture evolves from concept to material reality. So, although the Brunswick constitutes a powerful aesthetic and formal image, which has been canonised through the Listing process on the grounds of specific art historical criteria, it also constitutes a highly contested cultural artefact which brings together many different narratives besides the official discourse. The history of the Brunswick is particularly significant in terms of the questions it raises around the whole concept of ‘ownership’ as it relates to cultural artefacts. It stands out in one specific and quite unique aspect, which was the return of the original ‘author’ to resume work on his ‘own’ work 30 years after being forced to resign from the job, leading to a remarkable conflict of ownership claims. The architect’s claim to a moral right of aesthetic judgement and personal reinterpretation was vehemently opposed by critics and heritage spokespeople who claimed the building as an untouchable part of the collective national heritage, by the residents, claiming individual and collective territorial rights, and by the commercial firms, claiming the right of property ownership and associated freedom to redevelop it however their commercial objectives dictated. -
Curriculum Vitae for Professor Peter Blundell Jones
Curriculum vitae for Professor Peter Blundell Jones. Qualifications: RIBA parts 1&2. A.A.Diploma. M.A.Cantab. Career Summary Born near Exeter, Devon, 4/1/49. Architectural education: Architectural Association, London, 1966-72. October 1972/ July 73: Employed by Timothy Rendle, ARIBA, in London, as architectural assistant. September 1973/ June 1974: Wrote book on Hans Scharoun, published by Gordon Fraser. September 1974/ June 1975: Part-time tutor at Architectural Association. July 1975/ May 1977: In Devon as designer and contractor for Round House at Stoke Canon near Exeter, published in The Architectural Review and now included in Pevsner’s Buildings of England. 1977/ 78: free-lance lecturer and architectural journalist. October 1978/ September 1983: Full time post as Assistant Lecturer in architecture at Cambridge University. Duties included lecture series in architectural theory, studio teaching, and examining. 1983/ 87: visiting lecturer at Cambridge University and Polytechnic of North London, free- lance journalist and critic writing for Architects’ Journal and Architectural Review, research on German Modernism focusing on Hugo Häring. Member of CICA, the international critics organisation. September 1988/ July 1994: full time post as Principal Lecturer in History and Theory at South Bank Polytechnic, later South Bank University. Visiting lecturer in other schools. External examiner 1988-91 to Hull school of architecture, and subsequently to Queen’s University Belfast. Readership at South Bank University conferred December 1992. Since August 1994: Professor of Architecture at the School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, with responsibility for Humanities. Member of the executive group, organiser and contributor to lecture courses and several external lecture series, reorganiser of the Diploma School in the late 1990s and studio leader, tutor of dissertations at both undergraduate and Diploma levels: heavy commitment in recent years to the humanities PhD programme. -
From Islands of Knowledge to Districts of Innovation Katharina Borsi* And
Typologies of KnowledgeUniversities and the City: from Islands of Knowledge to Districts of Innovation Katharina Borsi* and Chris Schulte aDepartment of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; bDepartment of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK Dr Katharina Borsi Department of Architecture and Built Environment University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK Telephone: 0115 95 13172 Email: [email protected] ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6745-3547 Typologies of KnowledgeUniversities and the City: from Islands of Knowledge to Districts of Innovation We are witnessing a new trend in the design of university buildings and other ‘knowledge typologies’, that is, buildings in which knowledge is produced or disseminated, such as university buildings, research laboratories or libraries. Increasingly, their design inverts the image of the closed ‘ivory tower’ through a layered intersection of inside and outside spaces, seeking to draw the life of the city and the life of the institution closely together. Using London’s ‘Knowledge Quarter’ centred in Bloomsbury, Euston and King’s Cross as a focus, this paper traces a trajectory of typological evolution of university buildings which includes Adams, Holden and Pearson’s ‘ivory tower’ project for a new headquarter of the University of London (1932), of which only Senate House was built; Leslie Martin’s and Trevor Dannatt’s radical restructuring of the Georgian urban structure through the Development Plan of the University of London (1959); Denys Lasdun’s evolution and typological reworking of this plan through the Institute of Education (1970–1976) and the library of SOAS (1970-1973); Colin St John’s Wilson’s British Library (1982 - 1999); and Stanton Williams’ Central St Martins (2008- 2011). -
Feb 2 7 2004 Libraries Rotch
Architecture Theory 1960-1980. Emergence of a Computational Perspective by Altino Joso Magalhses Rocha Licenciatura in Architecture FAUTL, Lisbon (1992) M.Sc. in Advanced Architectural Design The Graduate School of Architecture Planning and Preservation Columbia University, New York. USA (1995) Submitted to the Department of Architecture, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Architecture: Design and Computation at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OF TECHNOLOGY February 2004 FEB 2 7 2004 @2004 Altino Joso Magalhaes Rocha All rights reserved LIBRARIES The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of Author......... Department of Architecture January 9, 2004 Ce rtifie d by ........................................ .... .... ..... ... William J. Mitchell Professor of Architecture ana Media Arts and Sciences Thesis Supervisor 0% A A Accepted by................................... .Stanford Anderson Chairman, Departmental Committee on Graduate Students Head, Department of Architecture ROTCH Doctoral Committee William J. Mitchell Professor of Architecture and Media Arts and Sciences George Stiny Professor of Design and Computation Michael Hays Eliot Noyes Professor of Architectural Theory at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design Architecture Theory 1960-1980. Emergence of a Computational Perspective by Altino Joao de Magalhaes Rocha Submitted to the Department of Architecture on January 9, 2004 in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Architecture: Design and Computation Abstract This thesis attempts to clarify the need for an appreciation of architecture theory within a computational architectural domain. It reveals and reflects upon some of the cultural, historical and technological contexts that influenced the emergence of a computational practice in architecture. -
Understanding Post-War Architecture
Understanding Post-War Architecture The Twentieth Century Key Events 1916-20. Inflation pushes up the cost of building materials. Additionally shortages of materials encourage the use of new materials such as Crittall windows, sand-lime bricks, and prefabrication (steel and concrete systems) for council housing. These experiments were to be developed further after the Second World War, eg. No Fines housing, first tried in Britain in 1924 was widely used by (especially) Wimpeys (builders) after WWII. 1919. Housing (Addison) Act promises ‘homes for heroes’. 1921. Cut backs in public expenditure (Geddes Axe) as post-war boom turns to depression. It can be argued that the general economic malaise of the 1920s had a greater effect on British building than the Great Depression of 1929-33 which was devastating in localised areas, notably the NE and Wales. 1924. Empire Exhibition, Wembley (stadium opened the previous year). 1925. New Ways, Northampton, by Peter Behrens is first Modern Movement house, for W. Bassett Loake, who had previously commissioned C. R. Mackintosh to modernise a house in Northampton. 1926. General Strike. 1927. Le Corbusier’s Vers Une Architecture is translated into English as Towards a New Architecture. With his houses for the Weissenhofseidlung exhibition in Stuttgart, Le Corbusier defines ‘five points’ of modern architecture: free plan, free façade, flat roof, strip windows and pilotis. 1928. The first talkies in Britain (Al Jolson in The Singing Fool the first wide release here). Cinematograph Act requires cinemas to show a quota of British films. Film makers, distributors and exhibitors begin to combine and large companies (Gaumont, ABC, later Odeon and Granada) come to dominate the market, building big new super-cinemas. -
The British Library at St Pancras Building the Future
The British Library at St Pancras Building the future Second Edition Introduction: an evolving building In 2015 we published Living Knowledge, our We want the Library – one of the great public This brochure shares our vision to reorient and eight-year strategy which has at its heart a vision of buildings of the 20th century and Grade I listed – to expand our magnificent building’s capabilities so the British Library becoming the most open, creative evolve into one of the world’s great knowledge hubs that we are better able to anticipate and meet the and innovative institution of its kind in the world for the 21st century. Our physical spaces are now needs of our users, our local community and the by the time of our 50th anniversary in 2023. Our reaching capacity and our exhibition galleries are wider national and international network of libraries. ambitions for our St Pancras site are central to able to display only a fraction of the treasures that Working in tandem with our other major facility at achieving that vision. we hold. The huge success of recent exhibitions Boston Spa in Yorkshire, we want St Pancras to drive on Magna Carta, 20th Century Maps, the the next stage of the British Library’s evolution as a Since we opened our doors on Monday 24 November Russian Revolution and Harry Potter highlights global player in the knowledge economy. 1997, the British Library at St Pancras has become a growing public appetite for engaging with our an icon of the information age. The architect of this collection – if we could only expose a greater It’s a once-in-a-generation opportunity to transform remarkable building, the late Sir Colin St John Wilson proportion of it, whether on-site or online. -
Peter Carolin, Born 1936
PETER CAROLIN, BORN 1936 The fifth generation of a Scots South American family, Peter Carolin’s naval National Service included the Suez debacle of 1956. As an architect, he worked for John Voelcker of Team 10 and with Colin St John Wilson on the British Library. He edited both the Architect’s Journal, Magazine of the Year, 1985, and arq, which was awarded the learned journal equivalent, 2002. He was Professor and Head of the Department of Architecture at Cambridge, 1989- 2000, and chaired the Cambridge Futures project. Peter Carolin Architect, editor, academic Born 1936 Autobiographical life story Available online at www.livesretold.co.uk Contents 1. Introduction 2. The Irish and the Scots 3. A Rio Childhood 4. Prep School in Surrey 5. Radley and Holidays 6. The Navy and Suez 1956 7. Corpus and Cambridge 8. John Voelcker 9. The Bartlett 10. Sandy Wilson's Cambridge Practice 11. London and the British Library 12. Cambridge Design 13. The AJ 14. Cambridge yet again 15. Retirement 16. Sailing 17. Birgit and our children 18. Looking back 1. Introduction My father, a pipe smoker, was an unliterary man. And yet he loved books. He had an extraordinarily fine collection of antiquarian editions on Brazil. But I never saw him reading any of them and the only writing of his own that survives are his meticulous account books and a dry-as-dust book on how to set up a company in Brazil. We never tried to persuade him to write a memoir of his life – I think we knew that he wouldn’t have done so, for his Irishness was of a rather puritan kind and, despite an interesting life, he was not a man to talk about it or to see it in a wider perspective. -
Tobacco Dock, 6 by Michael Courtney and Richard Matthews
THE ARUP JOURNAL AUTUMN 1988 Vol.23 No.3 Autumn 1988 Contents Published by Ove Arup Partnership THEARUP 13 Fitzroy Street, London Wl P 680 Editor· David Brown JOURNAL Art Editor: Desmond Wyeth FCSD Progress at the British Library, 2 by Peter Ryalls and Tony Stevens Tobacco Dock, 6 by Michael Courtney and Richard Matthews Flue gas desulphurization study, 12 by Malcolm Nayee, Paul Johnson and Charles Milloy Glasgow Garden Festival: 14 Maritime Area and Pavilions, by Alistair Smith Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge, 17 by Robert Pugh Front cover: Vaults at Tobacco Dock (Photo: Richard Matthews) Back cover: The British Library under construction, August 1988 (Photo: Peter Mackinven) Tests to explore the feasibility of forming pile The heights and forms of the roofscape of the Progress at the underreams in the Woolwich and Reading Rare Books Reading Rooms were informed Beds were undertaken early in 19793. But by light angles to Levita House, a block of British Library the preliminary contract for secant pile walls, council dwellings. The architects have piling and some excavation did not begin planned the closed access Reading Rooms Architect: until April 1982. Substantive work on Phase to be interconnected level by level and Colin St. John Wilson & Partners 1AA began in July 1984. illuminated from above by clerestory and skylights. Planning objectives Peter Ryalls The departments of the British Museum The height and bulk of the buildings of the Library to be transferred to the British Library British Library, especially the Science Refer Tony Stevens at Euston comprise: ence Library, are governed by planning con ditions dictated in part by the presence of St. -
Making Post-War Manchester: Visions of an Unmade City
Making post-war Manchester: visions of an unmade city Making post-war Manchester: visions of an unmade city 03 June - 24 June 2016 Manchester Technology Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester Exhibition Catalogue Acknowledgements The workshop and exhibition could not have been achieved without Finally, I should thank Martin Dodge for his dedication to this subject area the help and generosity of a number of individuals. First, we should and the rigour he has brought to my academic practice as well as the thank Dr. Kevin Tan of Manchester Metropolitan University, who gave fun we have had along the way uncovering some of these architectural up considerable amounts of his own time to both teach and tutor the gems. Of course, none of this could have been achieved without the students through the game environments. He went above and beyond intelligent, articulate and talented students of our School: anything expected of him when I asked him to act as consultant and gained the status of ‘legend’ amongst the students! Eddy Rhead and Shahrukh Ahmed Jack Hale of the Modernist Society were project partners and came Adam Brennan in to provide feedback to the students during the development of their Polys Christofi designs. They have also organised and marketed the exhibition. Scott Polly Clements Miller and Jim Backhouse have ably directed the production of the Florence Cooke-Steed ‘mega-plinth’ for the computers and its funding was kindly signed off by Bruna Da Silva Dr. Ray Lucas of the Manchester School of Architecture. Paul Aldcroft, Chris Doherty Technical Team Leader in the Faculty of Science and Engineering at Richard Durber MMU has been vital in the provision of advice and support for the digital Arron El-Ammar components of the exhibition.