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Appearance-Based Image Splitting for HDR Display Systems Dan Zhang

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Appearance-Based Image Splitting for HDR Display Systems Dan Zhang Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses Thesis/Dissertation Collections 4-1-2011 Appearance-based image splitting for HDR display systems Dan Zhang Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation Zhang, Dan, "Appearance-based image splitting for HDR display systems" (2011). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Thesis/Dissertation Collections at RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHESTER F. CARLSON CENTER FOR IMAGING SCIENCE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROCHESTER, NY CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL M.S. DEGREE THESIS The M.S. Degree Thesis of Dan Zhang has been examined and approved by two members of the Color Science faculty as satisfactory for the thesis requirement for the Master of Science degree Dr. James Ferwerda, Thesis Advisor Dr. Mark Fairchild I Appearance-based image splitting for HDR display systems. Dan Zhang B.S. Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China (2005) M.S. Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China (2008) A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Color Science in the Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology April 2011 Signature of the Author Accepted by Dr. Mark Fairchild Graduate Coordinator Color Science II THESIS RELEASE PERMISSION FORM CHESTER F. CARLSON CENTER FOR IMAGING SCIENCE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROCHESTER, NEW YORK Title of Thesis Appearance-based image splitting for HDR display systems. I, Dan Zhang, hereby grant permission to the Wallace Memorial Library of Rochester Institute of Technology to reproduce my thesis in whole or part. Any reproduction will not be for commercial use or profit. Signature of the Author Date III Appearance-based image splitting for HDR display systems. Dan Zhang A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science in Color Science In the Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology Abstract: High dynamic range displays that incorporate two optically-coupled image planes have recently been developed. This dual image plane design requires that a given HDR input image be split into two complementary standard dynamic range components that drive the coupled systems, therefore there existing image splitting issue. In this research, two types of HDR display systems (hardcopy and softcopy HDR display) are constructed to facilitate the study of HDR image splitting algorithm for building HDR displays. A new HDR image splitting algorithm which incorporates iCAM06 image appearance model is proposed, seeking to create displayed HDR images that can provide better image quality. The new algorithm has potential to improve image details perception, colorfulness and better gamut utilization. Finally, the performance of the new iCAM06-based HDR image splitting algorithm is evaluated and compared with widely spread luminance square root algorithm through psychophysical studies. IV Acknowledgements First, my utmost gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Dr. James Ferwerda, for his supervision, advice and guidance from the very early stage of my research and support throughout my thesis. It has been an honor to work with him during the past years. I gratefully thank Professor Dr. Mark Fairchild for his precious advices for this research. I would also like to thank Professor Dr. Roy Berns, and Dr. Dave Wyble. Their teaching has triggered and nourished my intellectual maturity that I will benefit from, for a long time to come. Many thanks go to students of the Munsell Color Science Laboratory for their valuable advices, discussions and inspirations. Special thanks to Dr. Rod Heckman, Jonathan Phillips, Ben Darling, Dr. Koichi Takase, Susan Farnand, Pinghsu Chen, Jun Jiang, Marissa Haddock, Lawrence Taplin, Dr. Tongbo Chen, Val Hemink for their instruction, support and friendship over the past years. I also benefited by outstanding works from Dr. Jiangtao Kuang and Stefan Luka, part of this dissertation would not have been built without their works. I would like to thank my parents for their unselfish support. Especially, this dissertation is dedicated to my father Jinlu Zhang. Finally, I would like to thank my fiancé Zhonghua Yao, for his love, company and support during my most tough time of life. V Table of Contents: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. V TABLES OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................. VI LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ IX LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................... XIII 1 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................1 1.1 Background ...............................................................................................................1 1.2 HDR Imaging Development ....................................................................................3 1.2.1 Old solutions .......................................................................................................3 1.2.2 Digital HDR imaging ..........................................................................................5 1.2.3 HDR image splitting issue ..................................................................................7 1.3 Research Goal ...........................................................................................................9 1.3.1 Building HDR displays .....................................................................................10 1.3.2 Developing iCAM06-based image splitting algorithm .....................................10 1.3.3 Testing the performance of HDR image splitting methods ...............................10 1.4 Document Structure ................................................................................................11 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................12 2.1 Colorimetry, Color Appearance And Image Appearance ....................................12 2.1.1 Colorimetry .......................................................................................................12 2.1.2 Color Appearance .............................................................................................15 2.1.3 Image Appearance ............................................................................................17 2.2 HDR Image Capture ...............................................................................................21 2.2.1 Capture by Film Scanning ................................................................................22 2.2.2 Capture by Digital Camera ..............................................................................22 2.3 HDR Image Formats ...............................................................................................27 2.3.1 Higher Precision Encoding ...............................................................................28 2.3.2 Pixar Log Encoding (TIFF) ..............................................................................28 2.3.3 Radiance RGBE/XYZE Encoding .....................................................................29 2.3.4 SGI LogLuv Encoding (TIFF) ...........................................................................29 VI 2.3.5 ILM OpenEXR (EXR) ........................................................................................30 2.3.6 Microsoft/HP scRGB Encoding ........................................................................31 2.4 Human Visual System And HDR Tone Mapping ................................................31 2.4.1 Tone Mapping Problem ....................................................................................32 2.4.2 Tone Mapping Operators ..................................................................................33 2.5 HDR Display Devices ............................................................................................35 2.5.1 Hardcopy Devices .............................................................................................36 2.5.2 Softcopy Devices ...............................................................................................41 2.6 HDR Image Splitting Algorithms ..........................................................................49 2.6.1 Luminance Square-root Image Splitting ...........................................................49 2.6.2 Optimization-based Image Splitting .................................................................51 2.6.3 Full Color Image Splitting ................................................................................53 2.6.4 Model-based Image Splitting ............................................................................55 3 BUILDING HDR DISPLAY SYSTEMS ....................................................................58 3.1 Print-based HDR Display ......................................................................................58 3.1.1 System Setup ......................................................................................................59
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