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Zeraim Tractates Terumot and Ma'serot

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Zeraim Tractates Terumot and Ma'serot THE JERUSALEM TALMUD FIRST ORDER: ZERAIM TRACTATES TERUMOT AND MA'SEROT w DE G STUDIA JUDAICA FORSCHUNGEN ZUR WISSENSCHAFT DES JUDENTUMS HERAUSGEGEBEN VON E. L. EHRLICH BAND XXI WALTER DE GRUYTER · BERLIN · NEW YORK 2002 THE JERUSALEM TALMUD Ή^ίτ τΐίΛη FIRST ORDER: ZERAIM Π',ΙΓΙΪ Π0 TRACTATES TERUMOT AND MA'SEROT ΓτηελΡΏΐ niQnn rnooü EDITION, TRANSLATION, AND COMMENTARY BY HEINRICH W. GUGGENHEIMER WALTER DE GRUYTER · BERLIN · NEW YORK 2002 Die freie Verfügbarkeit der E-Book-Ausgabe dieser Publikation wurde ermöglicht durch den Fachinformationsdienst Jüdische Studien an der Universitätsbibliothek J. C. Senckenberg Frankfurt am Main und 18 wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken, die die Open-Access-Transformation in den Jüdischen Studien unterstützen. ISBN 978-3-11-017436-6 ISBN Paperback 978-3-11-068128-4 ISBN 978-3-11-067718-8 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-090846-6 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-067726-3 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-067730-0 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence. For This work is licensed under the Creativedetails go Commons to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Attribution 4.0 International Licence. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Das E-Book ist als Open-Access-Publikation verfügbar über www.degruyter.com, Library of Congresshttps://www.doabooks.org Control Number: 2020942816und https://www.oapen.org 2020909307 Bibliographic informationLibrary published of Congress by the Control Deutsche Number: Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek DeutscheThe Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data detailedare available bibliographic on the data Internet are available at http://dnb.dnb.de. on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2020 Yaacov Shavit, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston © 2002 Heinrich W. Guggenheimer,Cover published image: Statue by Walter of King de Solomon Gruyter and GmbH, Christ inBerlin/Boston the center of the southern portal of the The book is publishedcathedral with open Notre-Dame access atof Strasbourgwww.degruyter.com. (Bas-Rhin, France), Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain. Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com www.degruyter.com Preface The present volume is the fourth in a series of five volumes covering the first order of the Jerusalem Talmud. The principles of the edition regarding text, vocalization and Commentary have been spelled out in detail in the Introduction to the first volume. The text is based on the editio princeps and, where that text is manifestly corrupt, on manuscript readings. There are no emendations. The extensive commentary is not based on emendations. Biographical notes have been attached to the names of those personalities not already mentioned in the previous volumes. Again I wish to thank my wife, Dr. Eva Guggenheimer, who acted as critic, style editor, proof reader, and expert on the Latin and Greek vocabulary. Her own notes on some possible Latin and Greek etymologies are identified by (E. G.). For ease of study, the text in the present edition has been subdivided into paragraphs and vocalized following the rules of Sephardic rabbinic Hebrew. This is intended as a help for reading and understanding the text, not as a reconstruction of the unrecoverable rabbinic pronunciation at the time of the composition of the Yerushalmi. Genizah fragments show that the text of the existing manuscripts has been VI PREFACE partially adapted to Babylonian patterns. The vocalization of the Mishnah, which represents a different and better known development of the Hebrew language, in general follows the text of H. Yallon. As noted before, the main Amoraic language of the Yerushalmi is Aramaized Hebrew. While Y. Kutscher has traced the disappearance of the gutturals back to Hasmonean times, it is known that in the academy of Rebbi, the center responsible for the edition of the Mishnah, one insisted on a clear distinction between gutturals (Babli Megillah 24b). The total disappearance of the gutturals, where there is no difference in sound between "inn (wine), nan (donkey), ID» (wool), and "löX (lamb), is given as characteristic of uneducated Galileans in Babli Erubin 53b and confirmed by the Yerushalmi source Sir rabba on Cant. 2:4, which notes that for the uneducated, nanx (love) and Π2'Χ (jealousy) sound the same. The Babli (Sanhedrin 27b) declares the Samaritans to be uneducated; the particular example is confirmed by Z. Ben Hayyim1. Since the elimination of gutturals was explicitly rejected by the Amoraim, it must be assumed that their speech, while based on rudimentary grammar, rejected the substandard pronunciation recoverable from contemporary Greek and Latin transcriptions of biblical texts. 1 Z. Ben-Hayyim, The literary and oral traditions of Hebrew and Aramaic amongst the Samaritans. Vol. III/l, Recitation of the Law, Jerusalem 1961. See on Deut. 6:5. .
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