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Regional Power Transmission Project: Initial Environmental ADB Power Transmission Line Project TA 7370-TAJ INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION Regional Power Rehabilitation Tajikistan 220 kV Geran – Rumi 220 kV Kayrakum – Asht New Substation Geran Submitted to Asian Development Bank February 2010 by Magnus A. Staudte Dr. Malika Babadjanova Power Transmission Enhancement Azerenergy Initial Environmental Examination Table of Contents I. Executive Summary ______________________________________________________________ 1 I.1 Project Description and Scope of IEE ___________________________________________________ 1 I.2 Project Locations ____________________________________________________________________ 1 I.3 Policy and Statutory Requirements in Tajikistan__________________________________________ 2 I.4 Scale of the project___________________________________________________________________ 2 I.5 Description of the Environment ________________________________________________________ 3 I.6 Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures _____________________________________________ 3 I.7 EMMP Implementation Organization ___________________________________________________ 4 I.8 EMMP Reporting____________________________________________________________________ 6 I.9 Public Consultation Process ___________________________________________________________ 7 I.10 Grievance Redress Mechanism ______________________________________________________ 7 I.11 Summary and Conclusions __________________________________________________________ 7 II. Introduction __________________________________________________________________ 8 II.1 Overview_________________________________________________________________________ 8 II.2 Background ______________________________________________________________________ 9 II.3 Scope of the IEE Study and Personnel _______________________________________________ 10 II.4 Policy and Statutory Requirements in Tajikistan ______________________________________ 11 General _______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 Country Policies and Administrative Framework_______________________________________________________ 11 Legal framework for EA, environmental licensing and permitting _________________________________________ 13 Local Environmental Statutes______________________________________________________________________ 15 Asian Development Bank Safeguard Policies 2009 _____________________________________________________ 16 II.5 Structure of Report _______________________________________________________________ 18 III. Description of the Project ______________________________________________________ 18 III.1 Type of Project___________________________________________________________________ 18 III.2 Categorization of the Project _______________________________________________________ 18 III.3 Need for the Project_______________________________________________________________ 19 III.4 Location and Scale of Project _______________________________________________________ 20 Transmission lines ______________________________________________________________________________ 20 Construction Process Transmission Lines ____________________________________________________________ 24 Substation Geran________________________________________________________________________________ 24 III.5 Alternatives _____________________________________________________________________ 25 III.6 Proposed Schedule for Implementation_______________________________________________ 25 IV. Description of the Environment _________________________________________________ 26 IV.1 Project Area _____________________________________________________________________ 26 General Characteristics of Project Area ______________________________________________________________ 26 Affected Administrative Units _____________________________________________________________________ 26 IV.2 Physical Resources________________________________________________________________ 28 Topography, Geology, and Soils ___________________________________________________________________ 28 Climate and Hydrology___________________________________________________________________________ 30 Ambient Air Quality and Noise ____________________________________________________________________ 35 IV.3 Ecological Resources ______________________________________________________________ 35 i Power Transmission Enhancement Azerenergy Initial Environmental Examination Vegetation_____________________________________________________________________________________ 35 Fauna North and South Route______________________________________________________________________ 37 Wildlife Sanctuaries _____________________________________________________________________________ 39 Wetlands in the Project Area ______________________________________________________________________ 39 IV.4 Social and Cultural Resources ______________________________________________________ 40 Population, Communities and Employment North Route_________________________________________________ 40 Population, Communities and Employment South Route_________________________________________________ 42 Cultural Heritage _______________________________________________________________________________ 44 V. Screening Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures__________________ 45 V.1 Project Location__________________________________________________________________ 45 Impact Assessment and Mitigation__________________________________________________________________ 45 General Approach to Mitigation ____________________________________________________________________ 46 Cultural Heritage, Religious Sites, Social Infrastructure _________________________________________________ 46 Cut and fill ____________________________________________________________________________________ 46 V.2 Potential Environmental Impacts ___________________________________________________ 47 Encroachment, Landscape and Physical Disfiguration___________________________________________________ 47 Trees, Ecology and Protected Areas _________________________________________________________________ 50 Hydrology, Sedimentation, Soil Erosion _____________________________________________________________ 51 Air Pollution from earthworks and transport __________________________________________________________ 51 Noise, Vibration and Blasting______________________________________________________________________ 51 Air pollution, noise and electric and magnetic fields from operations _______________________________________ 52 Sanitation, Solid Waste Disposal, Communicable Diseases_______________________________________________ 52 Disease Vectors ________________________________________________________________________________ 53 Pollution from oily run-off, fuel spills and dangerous goods ______________________________________________ 53 VI. Institutional Requirements & Environmental Management Plan ______________________ 53 VI.1 Institutional Responsibilities________________________________________________________ 53 VI.2 EMMP Implementation ___________________________________________________________ 54 VI.3 EMMP Implementation Organization and Costs_______________________________________ 55 Implementation Organization ______________________________________________________________________ 55 Implementation Organization and Costs______________________________________________________________ 57 VI.4 EMMP Costs ____________________________________________________________________ 59 VI.5 EMMP Reporting ________________________________________________________________ 61 VII. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure ___________________________________ 63 VII.1 Approach to Public Consultation____________________________________________________ 63 VII.2 Public Consultation Process ________________________________________________________ 63 VII.3 Results of Public Consultation ______________________________________________________ 66 VII.4 Grievance Redress Mechanism _____________________________________________________ 66 VIII. Conclusions _______________________________________________________________ 68 VIII.1 Findings and Recommendations __________________________________________________ 68 VIII.2 Summary and Conclusions_______________________________________________________ 68 Attachment 1: Proposed Handling and Disposal of PCB from Transformers ___________________ 70 Attachment 2: Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan ___________________________ 72 ii Power Transmission Enhancement Azerenergy Initial Environmental Examination Tables and Figures Table 1: Summary of kind of impacts and mitigation goals ____________________________________________________ 3 Table 2: Summary of institutional organization and responsibilities on EMMP implementation________________________ 5 Table 3: Total EMMP Costs _____________________________________________________________________________ 6 Table 4: Main characteristics of the climate in COI area, North Route __________________________________________ 32 Table 5: Main characteristics of the climate in COI area, South Route __________________________________________ 33 Table 6: Population__________________________________________________________________________________ 40 Table 7: Education __________________________________________________________________________________ 41 Table 8: Poverty and sources of income __________________________________________________________________ 41 Table 9: Public Services ______________________________________________________________________________
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