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Culture and Politics 1700-1815 Handbook 2010-11 HI2108 Culture and Politics in Europe 1700-1815 Course co-ordinator Dr. Joseph Clarke (Dept. of History) Contact details [email protected] Room 3153 Teaching Staff Dr. Joseph Clarke, Dr. Linda Kiernan Duration One semester (Michaelmas term) Assessment Essays, one 2 hour exam. Weighting 10 ECTS Lecture Times Thursday, 11.00 – 12.00, room 3074 Friday, 12.00 – 1.00, Edmund Burke Theatre Course Description: The ‘long eighteenth-century’ that led from Louis XIV to Napoleon was an age of unprecedented cultural and political change. In order to understand the nature and extent of this change, this course charts the emergence of new ways of thinking about science, society and the self during the Enlightenment and explores how these ideas contributed to reshaping the state during the Revolutionary crisis that convulsed Europe from 1789 on. By examining the evolution of attitudes towards gender, death and family life, the course also explores how perceptions of private life and popular culture changed over the 18th century. 1 Learning Outcomes: On successful completion of this module students should be able to: • Demonstrate an informed understanding of the main themes and developments in the political and cultural history of Europe from 1700 to 1815. • Engage critically with the scholarly literature on this subject. • Evaluate a range of methodological and theoretical approaches to the study of 18th century political and cultural history. • Identify and interpret a range of relevant primary sources. • Communicate their conclusions clearly in both written and verbal contexts. Course Structure: Week 1 1 Introduction: What is Cultural History? 2 The Culture of the Court and the Culture of Custom Week 2 3 From the Republic of Letters to the Public Sphere 4 ‘What is Enlightenment?’ Week 3 5 Enlightenment in action: the Encyclopédie. (Dr. Kiernan) 6 ‘If God did not exist’: believers and unbelievers in the 18th century. Week 4 7 ‘In every respect different’: The Enlightenment and Gender. (Dr. Kiernan) 8 The Enlightenment Deified: Writers and their Readers in the 18th century. (Dr. Kiernan) Week 5 9 The Politics of Enlightenment I: Absolutism and Utopia. 10 The Politics of Enlightenment II: The Enemies of Enlightenment. (Dr. Kiernan) Week 6 11 An Age of Reason? Pseudo-Science and the Sentimental in the 18th century 12 Living, Loving and Dying in the Age of Enlightenment. (Dr. Kiernan) Week 7 Reading Week Week 8 13 ‘Do Books Make Revolutions’? 14 The End of the Old Order Week 9 15 Remaking France 2 16 Counter-Revolution at home and abroad Week 10 17 Terror is the Order of the Day 18 Living the Revolution. (Dr. Kiernan) Week 11 19 Ending the Revolution 20 Napoleon, Empire and Europe Week 12 21 Legacies of Revolution 22 Conclusions Recommended Reading Some General Introductions to 18th and 19th century European History. J. Black, Eighteenth century Europe, 1700-1789, (1990) T. Blanning, The Eighteenth century: Europe 1688-1815, (2000) ___ The Nineteenth century: Europe 1789-1914, (2000) W. Doyle, The old European order, 1660-1800, (1992) ___ Old Régime France: 1648-1788, (2001) E. Hobsbawn, The age of revolution: Europe 1789-1848, (1973) O. Hufton, Europe: privilege and protest 1730-1789, (1980 and 2003) C. Jones, The Great Nation: France from Louis XV to Napoleon, (2002) R. Gildea, Barricades and borders: Europe 1800-1914, (1996) M. Broers, Europe after Napoleon: Revolution, Reaction and Romanticism, 1815- 1851, (1996) M. Perry, An Intellectual History of Modern Europe, (1992) J. H. Shennan, Liberty and order in early modern Europe: the subject and the State, 1650-1800, (1986) 1 What is Cultural History? P. Burke, History and Social Theory, (1992) ___ Varieties of cultural history, (1997) R. Chartier, Cultural History: between practices and representations, (1988) R. Darnton, ‘Intellectual and Cultural History’, in M. Kammen (ed.), The Past Before Us: Contemporary Historical Writing in the United States, (1980) ___ The Kiss of Lamourette: Reflections in Cultural History, (1990) 3 L. Hunt (ed.), The New Cultural History, (1989) D. LaCapra & S. Kaplan (eds.), Modern European Intellectual History: Reappraisals and New Perspectives, (1982) J. Wallach Scott, Gender and the Politics of History, (1988) B. Scribner, ‘Is a History of Popular Culture Possible?’ History of European Ideas, vol. x, no. 2, pp. 175-91. Q. Skinner (ed.), The Return of Grand Theory in the Human Sciences, (1985) 2 The Culture of the Court and the Culture of Custom Robert W. Berger, Versailles: the Chateau of Louis XIV, (1985) T. Blanning, The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture - Old Regime Europe 1660-1789, (2002) Peter Burke, The Fabrication of Louis XIV (1992) ___ Popular culture in early modern Europe, (1978) Robert Darnton, ‘A Bourgeois puts his World in Order’, and ‘Workers Revolt: The Great Cat Massacre of the Rue Saint-Séverin’ in Darnton, The Great Cat Massacre (1984) A.G. Dickens (ed.), The Courts of Europe: Politics, Patronage and Royalty, 1400- 1800, (1977) N. Elias, The Court Society (1983), esp. chapter 5 (Etiquette and Ceremony) M. Foucault, Discipline and Punish, (1977) chapter 1 (on the Damiens execution) D. Garrioch, ‘Plebian Culture, Metropolitan Culture’ in Garrioch, The Making of Revolutionary Paris, (2002) H. Himelfarb, ‘Versailles: Functions and Legends’, in P. Nora (ed.), Rethinking France, vol. 1 (2001) E. Muir, Ritual in Early Modern Europe, (1997) Steven N. Orso, Philip IV and the Decoration of the Alcázar of Madrid, (1986) Robert A. Schneider, The Ceremonial City; Toulouse Observed, 1738-1780, (1995) E. P. Thompson, ‘Customs and Culture’ and ‘The Patricians and the Plebs’ in Thompson, Customs in Common, (1991) 3 From the Republic of Letters to the Public Sphere K. Baker, ‘Defining the Public sphere in 18th century France: variations on a theme by Habermas’, in C. Calhoun, ed. Habermas and the Public Sphere, (1992) 4 T. Blanning, The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture, esp. Part II C. Calhoun, ed. Habermas and the Public Sphere, (1992) R. Chartier, The Cultural Origins of the French Revolution, (1991) esp. chapter 2, ‘The Public Sphere and Public Opinion.’ R. van Dulmen, The Society of the Enlightenment: the rise of the middle class and enlightenment culture in Germany, (1992) Anne Goldgar, Impolite Learning: Conduct and Community in the Republic of Letters, 1680-1750, (1995) D. Goodman, ‘Enlightenment Salons: The Convergence of Female and Philosophic Ambitions’, 18th Century Studies, vol. 22, (1989) pp. 329-51. ___ The Republic of Letters: A Cultural History of the French Enlightenment (1994) J. Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: an Enquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, (1989) M. Jacob, The radical enlightenment: Pantheists, Freemasons and Republicans, (1981) ___ Living the enlightenment: freemasonry and politics in eighteenth-century Europe, (1991) ___ ‘The Mental Landscape of the Public Sphere: A European Perspective’, 18th century Studies, 28, (1994) pp. 95-113. S. Kale, French Salons: high society and political sociability from the Old Regime to the Revolution of 1848, (2004) S. Maza, ‘Women, the bourgeoisie and the Public Sphere: a response to Daniel Gordon and David Bell’, French Historical Studies, 17, (1991-2) D. Roche, Les Républicains des Lettres: Gens de Culture et Lumières au XVIIIe Siècle, (1988) ___ France in the Enlightenment, (1998) J. Van Horn Melton, The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe, (2001) 4 ‘What is Enlightenment?’ D. Brewer, The Discourse of Enlightenment in Eighteenth Century France: Diderot and the Art of Philosophising, (1993) E. Cassirer, The Philosophy of the Enlightenment, (1951) M. Cranston, Philosophers and Pamphleteers, (1986) 5 M. Foucault, ‘What is Enlightenment in P. Rabinow, ed. The Foucault Reader, (1984) P. Gay, The Enlightenment: an interpretation, (1973) A. Goldgar, Impolite Learning: Conduct and Community in the Republic of Letters, 1680-1750 (1995) N. Hampson, The Enlightenment, (1968) P. Hazard, The European Mind 1680-1715 (trans. J Lewis May) (1953) M. Horkheimer and T. W. Adorno, Dialectic of Enlightenment, (1994) J. Israel, The Radical Enlightenment: philosophy and the making of modernity, 1650- 1750, (2001) R. Koseleck, Critique and Crisis: Enlightenment and the Pathogenesis of Modern Society, (1988) D. Outram, The Enlightenment, (1995) R. Porter, The Enlightenment, (1990) ___ Enlightenment: Britain and the Creation of the Modern World, (2000) R. Porter & M. Teich, eds. Enlightenment in National Context (1981) D. Roche, France in the Enlightenment, (1998) F. Venturi, Utopia and Reform in the Enlightenment, (1971) I. O. Wade, The Intellectual Origins of the French Enlightenment, (1971) 5 Enlightenment in Action: the Encyclopédie P. Blom, Encyclopédie: the triumph of reason in an unreasonable age, (2004) M. Cranston, Philosophers and Pamphleteers: Political Theories of the Enlightenment (1986) R. Darnton, The Business of Enlightenment: A Publishing History of the Encyclopédie (1979) ___ ‘Philosophers trim the Tree of Knowledge: the Epistemological strategy of the Encyclopédie’, in Darnton, The Great Cat Massacre, pp. 185-209. P. N. Furbank, Diderot: A Critical Biography, (1992) R. Grimsley, Jean d’Alembert: 1717-1783, (1963) J. Lough, The Encyclopédie, (1971) J. Lough, ed. Essays on the Encyclopédie of Diderot and D’Alembert, (1968) J. Proust, Diderot et l’Encyclopédie, (1967) A. M. Wilson, Diderot, (1972) 6 6 ‘If God did not exist’: Believers and Unbelievers in 18th century Europe N. Aston, Religion and Revolution in France 1780-1804, (2000) chapters 1-4. S. J. Barnett, The Enlightenment and Religion, (2003) C. Becker, The heavenly city of the eighteenth-century philosophers, (f. p. 1932) P. Gay, Deism: an Anthology, (1968) M. Jacob, The Radical Enlightenment: Pantheists, Freemasons and Republicans, (1981) A. Kors, d’Holbach’s Coterie: An Enlightenment in Paris, (1976) F. Manuel, The Eighteenth Century Confronts the Gods, (1967) J. McManners, Reflections at the death bed of Voltaire: the art of dying in eighteenth century France, (1975) ___ Death and the Enlightenment: Changing Attitudes to Death among Christians and Unbelievers in 18th century France, (1981) ___ Church and society in eighteenth-century France, 2 vols.
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