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The University of Chicago Old Elites Under Communism: Soviet Rule in Leninobod a Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Di
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO OLD ELITES UNDER COMMUNISM: SOVIET RULE IN LENINOBOD A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY FLORA J. ROBERTS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS JUNE 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ vi A Note on Transliteration .................................................................................................. ix Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One. Noble Allies of the Revolution: Classroom to Battleground (1916-1922) . 43 Chapter Two. Class Warfare: the Old Boi Network Challenged (1925-1930) ............... 105 Chapter Three. The Culture of Cotton Farms (1930s-1960s) ......................................... 170 Chapter Four. Purging the Elite: Politics and Lineage (1933-38) .................................. 224 Chapter Five. City on Paper: Writing Tajik in Stalinobod (1930-38) ............................ 282 Chapter Six. Islam and the Asilzodagon: Wartime and Postwar Leninobod .................. 352 Chapter Seven. The -
The Republic of Tajikistan Ministry of Energy and Industry
The Republic of Tajikistan Ministry of Energy and Industry DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON THE INSTALLMENT OF SMALL HYDROPOWER STATIONS FOR THE COMMUNITIES OF KHATLON OBLAST IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN FINAL REPORT September 2012 Japan International Cooperation Agency NEWJEC Inc. E C C CR (1) 12-005 Final Report Contents, List of Figures, Abbreviations Data Collection Survey on the Installment of Small Hydropower Stations for the Communities of Khatlon Oblast in the Republic of Tajikistan FINAL REPORT Table of Contents Summary Chapter 1 Preface 1.1 Objectives and Scope of the Study .................................................................................. 1 - 1 1.2 Arrangement of Small Hydropower Potential Sites ......................................................... 1 - 2 1.3 Flowchart of the Study Implementation ........................................................................... 1 - 7 Chapter 2 Overview of Energy Situation in Tajikistan 2.1 Economic Activities and Electricity ................................................................................ 2 - 1 2.1.1 Social and Economic situation in Tajikistan ....................................................... 2 - 1 2.1.2 Energy and Electricity ......................................................................................... 2 - 2 2.1.3 Current Situation and Planning for Power Development .................................... 2 - 9 2.2 Natural Condition ............................................................................................................ -
The World Bank the STATE STATISTICAL COMMITTEE of the REPUBLIC of TAJIKISTAN Foreword
The World Bank THE STATE STATISTICAL COMMITTEE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN Foreword This atlas is the culmination of a significant effort to deliver a snapshot of the socio-economic situation in Tajikistan at the time of the 2000 Census. The atlas arose out of a need to gain a better understanding among Government Agencies and NGOs about the spatial distribution of poverty, through its many indicators, and also to provide this information at a lower level of geographical disaggregation than was previously available, that is, the Jamoat. Poverty is multi-dimensional and as such the atlas includes information on a range of different indicators of the well- being of the population, including education, health, economic activity and the environment. A unique feature of the atlas is the inclusion of estimates of material poverty at the Jamoat level. The derivation of these estimates involves combining the detailed information on household expenditures available from the 2003 Tajikistan Living Standards Survey and the national coverage of the 2000 Census using statistical modelling. This is the first time that this complex statistical methodology has been applied in Central Asia and Tajikistan is proud to be at the forefront of such innovation. It is hoped that the atlas will be of use to all those interested in poverty reduction and improving the lives of the Tajik population. Professor Shabozov Mirgand Chairman Tajikistan State Statistical Committee Project Overview The Socio-economic Atlas, including a poverty map for the country, is part of the on-going Poverty Dialogue Program of the World Bank in collaboration with the Government of Tajikistan. -
Tajikistan Maternal and Child Health Program
Tajikistan Maternal and Child Health Program Quarterly Report #10 Reporting Period: January 1, 2011 - March 31, 2011 Cooperative Agreement # 119-A-00-08-00025-00 Submitted by: Mercy Corps –Tajikistan TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Acronyms and Abbreviation…………………………………………...………………. 3 2 Project Overview and Progress towards Objectives….………………………….….... 4 3 Status of Activities………………………………………………………………...……..7 3.1 Community Development…………………………………………...………......7 3.2 Behavior Change Communication (BCC)………………………..…………....8 3.3 Child-to-Child (CtC)………………………………………………...…………..9 3.4 Safe Motherhood…………………………………………………..………….…9 3.5 Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)……………………….10 3.6 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene………………………………………….…….11 3.7 Monitoring & Evaluation activity……………………………………………..12 4 Planned vs. Actual Status of Activities………………………………………………..13 5 Constraints/Challenges…………………………………………………...……………14 6 Technical Assistance…………………………………………………...……………....14 7 Conferences/Workshops……………………………………………………………….14 8 Success Story: The man of the time………………………………………..………….15 2 | P a g e ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS ARI Acute Respiratory Infection BCC Behavior Change Communication CHE Community Health Educator CHL Centers for Promotion of Healthy Lifestyles C-IMCI Community Integrated Management of Childhood Illness CtC Child-to-Child DIP Detailed Implementation Plan DOH Department of Health – Sughd Oblast & District levels EPC Essential Prenatal Care ETS Emergency Transport System Feldsher Lowest level of healthcare worker, a medic FGD Focus Group -
RGP O2 Eval Report Final.Pdf
! ! Evaluation Output 2 Rural Growth Programme UNDP Republic of Tajikistan Evaluation Report Kris B. Prasada Rao Alisher Khaydarov Aug 2013 ! ! ! List%of%acronyms,%terminology%and%currency%exchange%rates% Acronyms AFT Aid for Trade AKF Aga Khan Foundation AO Area Office BEE Business Enabling Environment CDP Community Development Plan CO Country Office CP Communities Programme DCC Tajikistan Development Coordination Council DDP District Development Plan DFID Department for International Development DIM Direct Implementation Modality DP Development Plan GDP Gross Domestic Product GIZ Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GREAT Growth in the Rural Economy and Agriculture of Tajikistan HDI Human Development Index ICST Institute for Civil Servants Training IFC International Finance Corporation, the World Bank IOM International Organisation for Migration JDP Jamoat Development Plan LED Local Economic Development LEPI Local Economic Performance Indicator M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MEDT Ministry of Economic Development and Trade MC Mahalla Committee MoF Ministry of Finance MoU Memorandum of Understanding MSDSP Mountain Societies Development Support Programme MSME Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise NDS National Development Strategy NIM National Implementation Modality O2 Output 2, RGP O&M Operation and Maintenance ODP Oblast Development Plan: Sughd Oblast Social Economic Plan OECD/DAC Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Development Co-operation Directorate PEI UNDP-UNEP Poverty-Environment Initiative PPD Public-Private -
Climate in Medieval Central Eurasia
Climate in Medieval Central Eurasia Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Henry Misa Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2020 Thesis Committee Scott C. Levi, Advisor John L. Brooke 1 Copyrighted by Henry Ray Misa 2020 2 Abstract This thesis argues that the methodology of environmental history, specifically climate history, can help reinterpret the economic and political history of Central Eurasia. The introduction reviews the scholarly fields of Central Eurasian history, Environmental history and, in brief, Central Eurasian Environmental history. Section one introduces the methods of climate history and discusses the broad outlines of Central Eurasian climate in the late Holocene. Section two analyzes the rise of the Khitan and Tangut dynasties in their climatic contexts, demonstrating how they impacted Central Eurasia during this period. Section three discusses the sedentary empires of the Samanid and Ghaznavid dynasties in the context of the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Section four discusses the rise of the first Islamic Turkic empires during the late 10th and 11th century. Section five discusses the Qarakhitai and the Jurchen in the 12th century in the context of the transitional climate regime between the Medieval Quiet Period and the early Little Ice Age. The conclusion summarizes the main findings and their implications for the study of Central Eurasian Climate History. This thesis discusses both long-term and short-term time scales; in many cases small-scale political changes and complexities impacted how the long-term patterns of climate change impacted regional economies. -
Wfp255696.Pdf
Summary of Findings, Methods, and Next Steps Key Findings and Issues Overall, the food security situation was analyzed in 13 livelihood zones for September–December 2012. About 870,277 people in 12 livelihood zones is classified in Phase 3- Crisis. Another 2,381,754 people are classified in Phase 2- Stressed and 2,055,402 in Phase 1- Minimal. In general, the food security status of analyzed zones has relatively improved in the reporting months compared to the previous year thanks to increased remittances received, good rainfall and good cereal production reaching 1.2 million tons, by end 2012, by 12 percent higher than in last season. The availability of water and pasture has also increased in some parts of the country, leading to improvement in livestock productivity and value. Remittances also played a major role in many household’ livelihoods and became the main source of income to meet their daily basic needs. The inflow of remittances in 2012 peaked at more than 3.5 billion USD, surpassing the 2011 record of 3.0 billion USD and accounting for almost half of the country’s GDP. Despite above facts that led to recovery from last year’s prolong and extreme cold and in improvement of overall situation, the food insecure are not able to benefit from it due to low purchasing capacity, fewer harvest and low livestock asset holding. Several shocks, particularly high food fuel prices, lack of drinking and irrigation water in many areas, unavailability or high cost of fertilizers, and animal diseases, have contributed to acute food insecurity (stressed or crisis) for thousands of people. -
Tajikistan Tajikistan
Tajikistan: Floods in Panjakent "On 8 June 2005, abundant rains in Panjakent district resulted in torrential floods. The population of six IFRC Information Bulletin No.1 villages was heavily affected." Issued 13 June 2005 GLIDE: FL-2005-000090-TJK SITUATION KAZAKHSTAN As a result of the floods, 345 people left without shelter, Affected population: 2,877 73 houses totally destroyed and 338 houses in four Affected villages: Shing, Dahani Ob, Bodgoh, Vagashton, Gijdavra villages are partly damaged. Other figures to date and Panjrood indicate 8 causalities and a total affected population of People without shelter: 345 KYRGYZSTAN 2,877. Destroyed house: 73 Damaged house: 338 Causualities: 8 ACTION oh The Red Crescent Society of Tajikistan, jointly with the h Asht UZBEKISTAN tc s a Ministry of Emergency Situations and Rapid Emergency M Ghafurov Konibodom Assessement and Coordination Team (REACT) Zafarobod Nov Djabbor Rasulov Isfara members, coordinated the activities to provide effective Istaravshan assistance to the suffered people. Shahriston Panjakent Ghonchi Kuhistoni Mastchoh Map projection: Geographic. Ayni Map data source: UN Cartographic Section, ESRI, UN. Gharm Jirgatol Tojikobod CHINA Code: IFRC Bulletin No. 01/2005 Kofarnihon v Varzob a a Darband d n i Tavildara o r Duchanbe Roghun z h n a u Hissor Darvoz h s Fayzobod von TAJIKISTAN r S g TAJIKISTAN u alju n T Norak B Vandj k li D t e v o S Khovali in a ovon a im Muminobod z Y n Murghob g Affected Villages Len o h Khojamaston h Rushon G a S Sarband r Kulob h a ur z Bokhtar Vose o -
Dropout Trend Analysis: Tajikistan
DROPOUT TREND ANALYSIS: TAJIKISTAN Contract No. EDH-I-00-05-00029-00 Task Order AID-OAA-TO-10-00010 August 2011 This study was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Creative Associates International. School Dropout Prevention Pilot Program Dropout Trend Analysis: Tajikistan Submitted to: United States Agency for International Development Washington, DC Submitted by: Creative Associates International, Inc. Washington, DC August, 2011 This report was made possible by the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of Creative Associates International and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. DEC Submission Requirements a. USAID Award Number Contract No. EDH-I-00-05-00029-00 Task Order AID-OAA-TO-10-00010 USAID Objective Title b. and Number Investing in People (IIP) USAID Project Title c. USAID Asia and Middle East Regional School Dropout and Number Prevention Pilot (SDPP) Program USAID Program Area d. Education (program area 3.2) and Program Element Basic Education (program element 3.2.1) e. Descriptive Title Dropout Trend Analysis for Tajikistan – School Dropout Prevention f. Author Name(s) Rajani Shrestha, Jennifer Shin, Karen Tietjen Creative Associates International, Inc. 5301 Wisconsin Avenue, NW, Suite 700 g. Contractor name Washington, DC 20015 Telephone: 202 966 5804 Fax: 202 363 4771 Contact: [email protected] Sponsoring USAID h. Operating Unit and AME/ME/TS COTR Rebecca Adams, COTR i. Date of Publication August, 2011 j. Language of Document English, Tajik, Russian Table of Contents List of Tables and Figures.......................................................................................................... -
Republic of Tajikistan Data Collection Survey on Integrated Physical Distribution System Final Report Summary Table of Contents
Foreign Exchange Rate US$1 = TJS 4.37 = JPY 92.3 TJS 1 = US$ 0.229 = JPY 21.1 （TJS: Tajikistan Somoni） January 1, 2010 Official Exchange Rate by National Bank of Tajikistan Republic of Tajikistan Data Collection Survey on Integrated Physical Distribution System Final Report Summary Table of Contents 1. Overview.................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Tajikistan’s Position in Global Logisitics........................................................................................1 1.2 Institutions of Logistics Sector........................................................................................................2 2. Roads.......................................................................................................................................................3 2.1 Overview of Roads..........................................................................................................................3 2.2 Administrative Organizations..........................................................................................................3 2.3 Present Status of the Roads .............................................................................................................3 2.4 Road Development Plans ................................................................................................................4 2.5 Road Maintenance Management Plan.............................................................................................8 -
Agreed by Government of Tajikistan: Agreed by UNDP
United Nations Development Programme Country: Tajikistan UNDP-GEF Full Size Project (FSP) PROJECT DOCUMENT Project Title: Technology Transfer and Market Development for Small-Hydropower in Tajikistan UNDAF Outcome(s): Water, sustainable environment and energy. Expected CP Outcome(s): Outcome 6: Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Expected CPAP Output (s): Output 6.2: Alternative renewable technologies including biogas, hydro, and solar power are demonstrated, understood, and widely used. Favorable policy and legal framework are established and contribute to private sector development. assist in the implementation of policies, legislation and regulations that improve market conditions for renewable energy development; demonstrate sustainable delivery models and financing mechanisms to encourage small‐scale renewable energy projects (and improve social infrastructure) and support project implementation; develop viable end‐use applications of renewable energy; and Conduct training on proper management of renewable energy systems (e.g. tariff collection) to strengthen local ownership and sustainability. Executing Entity/Implementing Partner: UNDP Tajikistan Implementing Entity/Responsible Partners: Ministry of Industry and Energy Brief Description: The objective of this project is to significantly accelerate the development of small-scale hydropower (SHP) generation in Tajikistan by removing barriers through enabling legal and regulatory framework, capacity building and developing sustainable delivery models, thus substantially avoiding the use of conventional biomass and fossil fuels for power and other energy needs. The project is expected to generate global benefits in directly avoiding greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of almost 273 kilotons of CO2 due to preparation of SHP plants (over the lifetime of a SHP of 20 years) and almost 819-4,952 ktCO2 in indirect emission reductions. -
Tajikistan Nhdr 2011.Pdf
U N D P NATIONAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2011 TAJIKISTAN: INSTITUTIONS AND DEVELOPMENT Dushanbe-2012 Dear reader! With the initiative and support of UNDP and in cooperation with government ministries and agencies, civil society, international organizations working in Tajikistan, the analytical report under the title of 'National Human Development Report: Institutions and Development' has been developed, and brought to Your attention. It should be noted that development of human capacity and institutional capacity is considered one of the priority goals of the Government of the country, and this process is thoroughly reflected in the key socio-economic document of the country – the ”National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period of 2015”. Therefore, special attention is paid to the development of human capacity and building and strengthening capacities in all areas of development of society. The current Report covers the issues of the role of institutions in the development process, with particular emphasis on the particular characteristics of this process. With regard to the analysis of development of human capacity in the country, the following topics have been thoroughly analyzed: the role of the state in the achievement of development goals, the legal framework for public administration, assessment of capacity for management of the development process, electronic government, partnership at the national level and etc. With a view to assessing institutional and human capacity, the concept of developing public policy on personnel, human resources management, and efficiency of personnel policy has also been analyzed. In parallel with that, in order to identify the role of self-government in the national development system, its role in the overall public administration system, the legal framework and reform, coordination of the implementation process for reform, partnership at the national level have been reviewed and examined.