Firewood from Tree Prunings on Farm and Biochar-Producing Cooking Systems

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Firewood from tree prunings on farm and biochar-producing cooking systems Mary Njengaa,b, Miyuki Iiyamaa,c James Kinyuaa,b, Ruth Mendumd, aICRAF, b WMI, University of Nairobi, cJIRCAS, dPennsylvania State University Sustainable Rural Bioenergy Solution in Africa 19.1.18 Why firewood and improved cooking systems? Benefits • It is treasured by communities, 9 of 10 households in rural sub-Saharan Africa use firewood for cooking and heating 57kgs (IEA, 2006). • Scarcity affects food and nutrition security Health risks • Collecting firewood from forest is life threatening, tiresome, repetitive, a waste of women’s potential, hugely non monetary • Cooking with firewood on open fire produces over 100 times higher fine particulate matter (PM2.5) than charcoal (Njenga et al., 2017). Modernizing firewood cooking systems (a) Prunings from trees on farm (b) Biochar-producing cooking In Embu, Kenya it’s an exclusive systems 27 kJ/g source of firewood for 40% (Njenga et al., 2017). 32 kJ/g • Saves 40% fuel • Reduce CO, Vs 3 stone open 29 kJ/g fire PM2.5 by 40% • Yield 20% and 90% Vs 3 charcoal/biochar stone oepn fire Biochar-carbon sequestration Drying firewood Lessons, impacts and replicability Combining sourcing firewood from multipurpose trees on farms and use of efficient cooking systems will have more impact. For example, in Tanzania, on-farm wood supply ranged from 0.5-8 t/ha. Relative to three stone open fire, households using improved cook stove consumed 67% less firewood, saved 50% of fuelwood collection time and reduced gas emissions (PM10) by 60% (Sererya et. al., 2017). This approach is replicable in a wide range of landscape among small-scale farmers. Acknowledgement: ICRAF, CGIAR-Water, Land and Ecosystems programme, Government of Japan, The Pennsylvania State University and Swedish Research Councils VR and FORMAS through KTH Royal Institute of Technology.

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