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Молекулярно-Генетическое Исследование Некоторых Кавказских Представителей Рода Kretania Beuret, 1959 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) С Описанием Нового Вида

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Кавказский энтомол. бюллетень 11(1): 183–187 © CAUCASIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL BULL. 2015 Молекулярно-генетическое исследование некоторых кавказских представителей рода Kretania Beuret, 1959 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) с описанием нового вида Molecular genetics study of some Caucasian representatives of the genus Kretania Beuret, 1959 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) with the description of a new species Б.В. Страдомский1, В.В. Тихонов2 B.V. Stradomsky1, V.V. Tikhonov2 1Институт аридных зон ЮНЦ РАН, пр. Чехова, 41, Ростов-на-Дону 344006 Россия 2Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет, ул. Пушкина, 1, Ставрополь 355009 Россия 1Institute of Arid Zones of Southern Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chekhov str., 41, Rostov-on-Don 344006 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2North-Caucasus Federal University, Pushkin str., 1, Stavropol 355009 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Ключевые слова: Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Kretania, молекулярно-генетические маркеры, новый вид. Key words: Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Kretania, molecular genetic markers, new species. Резюме. Проведены молекулярно-генетические Romanian specimens and belong to Kretania sephirus исследования группы Kretania pylaon (Fischer von (Frivaldsky, 1835). Waldheim, 1832) различных популяций Кавказа, Северо- Восточной Турции и Ирана. Показано, что экземпляры К настоящему времени с территории Кавказа из Турции, Южной Грузии, Армении и Талыша имеют описаны 5 таксонов группы Kretania pylaon (Fischer von близкие нуклеотидные последовательности COI-гена Waldheim, 1832). С западной части Большого Кавказа и относятся к одному виду. Старейшим пригодным были описаны Plebejus (Plebejides) pylaon abchasicus названием для него является Plebeius sephirus modicus Nekrutenko, 1975 (типовое местонахождение: Verity, 1935. Устанавливается новый статус этого Абхазия, озеро Рица), Plebejus (Plebejides) pylaon таксона – Kretania modica (Verity, 1935), stat. n. albertii Nekrutenko, 1975 (типовое местонахождение: Популяции восточной половины Большого Кавказа Теберда, Джамагат), Plebeius (Plebejides) sephirus (Дагестан, Северо-Восточный Азербайджан, Восточная kubanensis Shchurov, 1999 (типовое местонахождение: Грузия) имеют отличные от других представителей рода Анапа, Сукко). Из Южного Закавказья – Lycaena Kretania последовательности молекулярных маркеров: pylaon ordubadi Forster, 1938 и Plebejus (Plebejides) митохондриального COI и ядерного ITS2, – и выделены sephirus semiturcmenicus Bálint, 1991 (типовое в новый вид Kretania stekolnikovi sp. n. местонахождение: Армения, Веди) [Forster, 1938; Популяции с Западного Кавказа генетически не Nekrutenko, 1975; Bálint, 1991; Shchurov, 1999]. Из-за отличаются от экземпляров из Румынии и относятся к высокой степени изменчивости и отсутствия четких Kretania sephirus (Frivaldsky, 1835). морфологических различий их таксономическое Abstract. Molecular genetic investigations of the положение до сих пор остается запутанным и Kretania pylaon species group populations from the неоднозначным. Так, подвид abchasicus был отнесен Caucasus, North Eastern Turkey and Iran are made. к K. sephirus (Frivaldszky, 1835), а подвиды ordubadi и Specimens from Turkey, Southern Georgia, Armenia and alberti переподчинены иранскому виду K. zephyrinus Azerbaijan (Talysh Mountains) have similar COI nucleotide (Christoph, 1884) [Балинт и др., 1992]. Относят к sequences and belong to one species. The oldest name K. zephyrinus также популяции бабочек из Дагестана for this species is Plebeius sephirus modicus Verity, 1935. [Львовский, Моргун, 2007]. Молекулярно-генетические Species rank for this taxon is established: Kretania modica исследования и ранее позволили нам усомниться в (Verity, 1935), stat. n. Populations from eastern part of верности идентификации дагестанских популяций the Big Caucasus (Dagestan, North Eastern Azerbaijan, как K. zephyrinus [Водолажский, Страдомский, 2010]. Eastern Georgia) have different from other representatives Однако для точного выяснения таксономических of Kretania sequences of COI and nuclear ITS2 molecular взаимоотношений кавказских бабочек рода Kretania markers. New species Kretania stekolnikovi sp. n. is Beuret, 1959 нам пришлось провести дополнительные described for these populations. Populations from the исследования молекулярных маркеров различных Western Caucasus have not genetic differences from популяций с Кавказа и сопредельных территорий. 184 Б.В. Страдомский, В.В. Тихонов Рис. 1. Местонахождения изученных экземпляров Kretania. Fig. 1. Localities of studied specimens of Kretania. Материал и методы цитохромоксидазы (COI) ДНК и ядерной некодирующей последовательности internal Исследованные экземпляры хранятся в Институте transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), а также секвенирование аридных зон ЮНЦ РАН (Ростов-на-Дону, Россия). амплифицированных фрагментов проводили Экземплярам присвоены идентификационные аналогично процедурам, описанным ранее [Wiemers et al., 2010]. музейные номера. Местонахождения изученных Для получения ПЦР-продуктов COI использовали особей представлены на рисунке 1. Информация о прямой праймер (PolF 5’-TAG CGA AAA TGA CTT TTT материале дана в таблице 1. Материал. Kretania zephyrinus: 1♂, «Iran, Khorasan, Kopet Dagh, TCT A-3’) и обратный праймер (PolR2 5’-TTG CTC CAG Quchan, 1900–2100 m, 15.06.2006, W. ten Hagen», коллекционный CTA ATA CAG GTA A-3’), для ITS2 – прямой праймер номер ILL230 (GenBank accession number для COI: KR072206, для (PiF 5’-GGG CCG GCT GTA TAA AAT CAT A-3’) и ITS2: KR072209); 1♂, «Iran, Khorasan, Bognurd [Bujnurd], 1500–1700 m, обратный праймер (PiR 5’-AAA AAT TGA GGC AGA 23.05.2007, W. ten Hagen», коллекционный номер ILL231 (GenBank CGC GAT A-3’). accession number для COI: KR072205, для ITS2: KR072208). Kretania nichollae: 1♂, «Syria, Sweida, Hauran, 800 m, 23.04.2011, Анализ первичных нуклеотидных W. ten Hagen»,коллекционный номер ILL232 (GenBank accession последовательностей проводили с использованием number для COI: KR072204, для ITS2: KR072207). программы BioEdit Sequence Alignment Editor версии ♂ Kretania sp.: 1 , «Azerbaijan, Khizi District, Gilyazi, 600–800 m., 7.0.5.3 [Hall, 1999]. 3.05.2012, V. Tikhonov», коллекционный номер ILL233; 1♂, «Georgia, Vashlovani reserve, 9.05.2014, V. Tikhonov», коллекционный номер В работе также были использовали опубликованные ILL234; 1♂, «Armenia, Aragatsotn province, Orgov, Amberd river valley, ранее нуклеотидные последовательности экземпляров 1600–1700 m, 24.06.2014, A. Choch», коллекционный номер ILL235; 1♂, c идентификационными номерами ILL090, ILL091 и «Georgia, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Adigeni municipality, Abastumani, road ILL092 (GenBank accession number для COI: HM159433, towards Zekari pass, 1500–1600 m, A. Choch», коллекционный номер ILL236; 1♂, «Azerbaijan, Talysh, Zuvand, 1600 m, 28.05.2013, V. Tikhonov», HM159434 и HM159435; для ITS2: HM175708, коллекционный номер ILL237; 1♂, «Turkey, Malatya, Kubbe Geсidi, HM175709 и HM175710 соответственно). 1600–1800 m, 16.05.2008, W. ten Hagen», коллекционный номер ILL238. Нуклеотидные последовательности обрабатывали Обработку образцов тканей изученных с применением алгоритма Minimum Evolution с экземпляров, амплификацию участков помощью программы MEGA5 [Tamura et al., 2011] и митохондриального гена первой субъединицы графически представляли в виде ME-кладограмм. Молекулярно-генетическое исследование некоторых кавказских представителей рода Kretania Beuret, 1959 Color plate 17. Рис. 4–23. Имаго Kretania. 4–13 – Kretania stekolnikovi sp. n.: 4 – голотип; 5 – аллотип; 6–13 – паратипы; 14–23 – Kretania modica stat. n. Figs 4–23. Imago of Kretania. 4–13 – Kretania stekolnikovi sp. nov.: 4 – holotype; 5 – allotype; 6–13 – paratypes; 14–23 – Kretania modica stat. n. Молекулярно-генетическое исследование некоторых кавказских представителей рода Kretania Beuret, 1959 185 Рис. 2–3. Kretania: филогенетические деревья на основе анализа различий последовательностей ДНК с применением метода минимальной эволюции (ME). 2 – COI ген; 3 – последовательность ITS2. Figs 2–3. Kretania: phylogenetic trees based on the Minimum Evolution (ME) method of analysis of distances DNA sequences. 2 – COI gene; 3 – sequence ITS2. Результаты и обсуждение COI-гена укладывается во внутривидовые рамки: 0.4–1.1%. В некоторых литературных источниках Результаты исследований свидетельствуют о [Forster, 1938; Балинт и др., 1992; Talavera et al., 2013] том, что отличия по COI-гену между экземпляром авторы относят экземпляры из Южного Азербайджана ILL091 (Северный Кавказ, Карачаево-Черкесия, и Армении к виду K. zephyrinus. Однако изучение ущелье Джамагат) и экземплярами из Румынии [Dinca COI-гена представителей K. zephyrinus из типового et al., 2011], идентифицированными как K. sephirus, местонахождения (Иран, Копет Даг) показало их составляют всего 0.2–0.4%. Таким образом, с высокой различие с закавказскими экземплярами на видовом степенью достоверности экземпляр под номером ILL091 уровне – 2–2.6% (рис. 2). Последовательности ITS2 может быть идентифицирован как K. sephirus. В то же яДНК также свидетельствуют о том, что закавказские время экземпляры ILL235–ILL238 из Южной Грузии экземпляры и K. zephyrinus образуют разные ветви и Южного Азербайджана, Армении и Турции имеют на кладограмме (рис. 3). То есть идентификация отличие по COI-гену от K. sephirus на уровне 3.2–3.8%, закавказских экземпляров как K. zephyrinus т.е. явно представляют собой отдельный вид (рис. 2). является ошибочной. В то же время необходимо Причем внутри перечисленной группы вариабельность отметить, что изученный экземпляр из Турции имеет Таблица 1. Сводные данные об изученном материале и таксономическом
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    (NEW April 28 PAPILIO SERIES) 2006 TAXONOMIC STUDIES AND NEW TAXA OF NORTH AMERICAN BUTTERFLIES by James A. Scott (also editor), Michael S. Fisher, Norbert G. Kondla, Steve Kohler, Crispin S. Guppy, Stephen M. Spomer, and B. Chris Schmidt Abstract. New diversity is reported and discussed among North American butterflies. Several dozen new taxa are named. A new "sibling" species has been found to occur throughout the Rocky Mts., introducing a new butterfly species to most states in western U.S. and to southern Alberta and BC. Several taxa of Colias, Euphydryas, Lycaena, and Plebejus are raised to species status. Many nam.e changes are made, and many taxa are switched between species to create several dozen new combinations. The relevance of species concepts to difficult groups of butterflies is explored. Introduction This paper consists of miscellaneous taxonomic studies on North American butterflies, some in the northeast, but mostly in the west. Most of the diversity of butterfly fauna in North America is in the western mountainous areas, where the human population is lower, so it has taken longer to study western butterflies, and a lot more study is needed. We have made new findings on many wes.tern butterflies, and this progress is reported below. And Scott recently moved his collection out of old dermestid-infested drawers into fine very-tight ones that those beetles cannot enter, and in the process of resorting them found a dozen unnamed subspecies, which are named below. As we study our butterflies and learn more and more about them, a disturbing pattern has emerged.
  • Lista Completa Especies Mariposas De Castilla-La Mancha Complete List of Butterfly Species from Castilla-La Mancha

    Lista Completa Especies Mariposas De Castilla-La Mancha Complete List of Butterfly Species from Castilla-La Mancha

    Lista completa especies mariposas de Castilla-La Mancha Complete list of butterfly species from Castilla-La Mancha Familia Hesperiidae 1. Carcharodus alceae 2. Pyrgus onopordi 3. Muschampia proto 4. Carcharodus baeticus 5. Spialia sertorius 6. Pyrgus alveus 7. Carcharodus floccifera 8. Thymelicus acteon 9. Pyrgus cinarae 10. Erynnis tages 11. Thymelicus lineola 12. Pyrgus serratulae 13. Gegenes nostrodamus 14. Thymelicus sylvestris 15. Spialia rosae 16. Hesperia comma 17. Carcharodus lavatherae 18. Pyrgus cirsii 19. Ochlodes sylvanus 20. Pyrgus carthami 21. Pyrgus malvoides 22. Pyrgus armoricanus Familia Lycaenidae 1. Aricia cramera 2. Polyommatus thersites 3. Polyommatus amandus 4. Cacyreus marshalli 5. Satyrium acaciae 6. Polyommatus ripartii 7. Callophrys rubi 8. Satyrium esculi 9. Polyommatus damon 10. Celastrina argiolus 11. Satyrium ilicis 12. Polyommatus daphnis 13. Cupido minimus 14. Satyrium spini 15. Polyommatus fabressei 16. Cyaniris semiargus 17. Tomares ballus 18. Polyommatus violetae 19. Favonius quercus 20. Zizeeria knysna 21. Polyommatus dorylas 22. Glaucopsyche alexis 23. Aricia montensis 24. Polyommatus escheri 25. Glaucopsyche melanops 26. Aricia morronensis 27. Polyommatus icarus 28. Lampides boeticus 29. Callophrys avis 30. Polyommatus nivescens 31. Leptotes pirithous 32. Cupido osiris 33. Lycaena bleusei 34. Lycaena alciphron 35. Iolana debilitata 36. Lysandra albicans 37. Lycaena phlaeas 38. Kretania hesperica 39. Lysandra caelestissima 40. Lycaena virgaureae 41. Laeosopis roboris 42. Lysandra hispana 43. Phengaris arion 44. Plebejus idas 45. Lysandra bellargus 46. Plebejus argus 47. Phengaris nausithous 48. Pseudophilotes abencerragus 49. Scolitantides orion 50. Pseudophilotes panoptes Familia Nymphalidae 1. Aglais io 2. Hipparchia semele 3. Satyrus actaea 4. Aglais urticae 5. Hipparchia statilinus 6. Speyeria aglaja 7. Argynnis pandora 8.
  • Rationales for Animal Species Considered for Designation As Species of Conservation Concern Inyo National Forest

    Rationales for Animal Species Considered for Designation As Species of Conservation Concern Inyo National Forest

    Rationales for Animal Species Considered for Designation as Species of Conservation Concern Inyo National Forest Prepared by: Wildlife Biologists and Natural Resources Specialist Regional Office, Inyo National Forest, and Washington Office Enterprise Program for: Inyo National Forest August 2018 1 In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992.
  • Dichotomous Key to the Blues of Washington State

    Dichotomous Key to the Blues of Washington State

    Dichotomous Key to the Blues of Washington State Created by David Droppers (during a cold August bereft of butterflies) Images used, with much gratitude from www.butterfliesofamerica.com updated January 26, 2017 1a. Wings veins visible and black on dorsal, not overlain with blue. Large (~1.5 inches). Female brown with black spots, traces of blue scales may be present. Ventral hindwing usually unmarked. Blue Copper (Lycaena heteronea) M dorsal F dorsal ventral 1b. Blue not as above………………go to 2. 2a. Ventral hindwing with white-ringed black spots and white crescent. Spots not fused together by white. At least some crescents or spots present on hindwing margin. Black bar in dorsal forewing cell may be present. Some orange spots may be present in hindwing margin. Boisduval’s Blue (Plebejus icarioides) M dorsal F dorsal ventral, no orange ventral with orange 2b. Butterfly not as above………………………..go to 3. 3a. Orange scales not present on ventral hindwing............go to 4. 3b. Orange scales present on ventral hindwing…………………go to 11. 4a. Scintillae (shiny blue scales) present on ventral hindwing within black spots. Very small. Western Pygmy Blue (Brephidium exilis) 4b. Scintillae not present on ventral hindwing………………….go to 5. 5a. Ventral with only 1 row of spots. Dorsal side of male bright, shiny blue, female brown with traces of blue scales. Silvery Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus) M dorsal F dorsal ventral 5b. Ventral with more than 1 row of spots………………………..go to 6. 6a. Hindwing marked with strong white marks in the shape of arrowheads. Fringes of wings checkered. Both male and female blue above.