2007 Shared Summits K2 Expedition
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A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya
The Himalaya by the Numbers A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya Richard Salisbury Elizabeth Hawley September 2007 Cover Photo: Annapurna South Face at sunrise (Richard Salisbury) © Copyright 2007 by Richard Salisbury and Elizabeth Hawley No portion of this book may be reproduced and/or redistributed without the written permission of the authors. 2 Contents Introduction . .5 Analysis of Climbing Activity . 9 Yearly Activity . 9 Regional Activity . .18 Seasonal Activity . .25 Activity by Age and Gender . 33 Activity by Citizenship . 33 Team Composition . 34 Expedition Results . 36 Ascent Analysis . 41 Ascents by Altitude Range . .41 Popular Peaks by Altitude Range . .43 Ascents by Climbing Season . .46 Ascents by Expedition Years . .50 Ascents by Age Groups . 55 Ascents by Citizenship . 60 Ascents by Gender . 62 Ascents by Team Composition . 66 Average Expedition Duration and Days to Summit . .70 Oxygen and the 8000ers . .76 Death Analysis . 81 Deaths by Peak Altitude Ranges . 81 Deaths on Popular Peaks . 84 Deadliest Peaks for Members . 86 Deadliest Peaks for Hired Personnel . 89 Deaths by Geographical Regions . .92 Deaths by Climbing Season . 93 Altitudes of Death . 96 Causes of Death . 97 Avalanche Deaths . 102 Deaths by Falling . 110 Deaths by Physiological Causes . .116 Deaths by Age Groups . 118 Deaths by Expedition Years . .120 Deaths by Citizenship . 121 Deaths by Gender . 123 Deaths by Team Composition . .125 Major Accidents . .129 Appendix A: Peak Summary . .135 Appendix B: Supplemental Charts and Tables . .147 3 4 Introduction The Himalayan Database, published by the American Alpine Club in 2004, is a compilation of records for all expeditions that have climbed in the Nepal Himalaya. -
Hainabrakk East Tower, South Southeast Face
358 T H E A MERIC A N A LPINE J OURNA L , 2006 View from low in the Trango approach gully: Trango Tower (T; often erroneously called Nameless Tower), Little Trango (LT), and the Southwest Summit of Great Trango (GT). The line shows Cˇmárik and Kopold’s harrowing descent of the northwest face, with (a) marking the gully that avalanched and swept Kopold 150m. The NW face is home to the 1999 American, Russian, and German routes, while the 2003 Ukrainian attempt climbs the promi- nent detached pillar just left of the NW face, continuing high up the left skyline of GT’s summit tower. The Azeem Ridge (2004) roughly follows the right-hand skyline, and the Cˇmárik- Kopold route (Assalam Alaikum) ascends farther right, out-of-view. Vlado Linek Great Trango, southwest face to south face (Assalam Alaikum), not to summit; Hainabrakk East Tower, south southeast face (Mystical Denmo); Shipton Spire, east face to northeast ridge, to with- in 80m of summit (Prisoners of the Shipton); and Ship of Fools, attempt. A joint Czech-Slovak expedition visited the Baltoro from July 26 to August 31. The team comprised eight climbers from Slovakia: Gabo Čmárik, Andrej Kolárik, Igor Koller, Jozef Kopold, Pavol Pekarčík, Juraj Poděbraský, Erik Rabatin, and I. There were four climbers from the Czech Republic: Milan Benian, Martin Klonfar, Petr Piechowicz, and Miroslav Turek. Čmárik, Kopold, Koller, and I had climbed in this region during 2004 and had unfinished projects. In particular Čmárik and Kopold wanted to climb a new line in alpine-style on the south side of Great Trango (6,286m), right of the 2004 American route, Azeem Ridge. -
Tibet's Biodiversity
Published in (Pages 40-46): Tibet’s Biodiversity: Conservation and Management. Proceedings of a Conference, August 30-September 4, 1998. Edited by Wu Ning, D. Miller, Lhu Zhu and J. Springer. Tibet Forestry Department and World Wide Fund for Nature. China Forestry Publishing House. 188 pages. People-Wildlife Conflict Management in the Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet. By Rodney Jackson, Senior Associate for Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation, The Mountain Institute, Franklin, West Virginia And Conservation Director, International Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, Washington Presented at: Tibet’s Biodiversity: Conservation and Management. An International Workshop, Lhasa, August 30 - September 4, 1998. 1. INTRODUCTION Established in March 1989, the Qomolangma Nature Preserve (QNP) occupies 33,819 square kilometers around the world’s highest peak, Mt. Everest known locally as Chomolangma. QNP is located at the junction of the Palaearctic and IndoMalayan biogeographic realms, dominated by Tibetan Plateau and Himalayan Highland ecoregions. Species diversity is greatly enhanced by the extreme elevational range and topographic variation related to four major river valleys which cut through the Himalaya south into Nepal. Climatic conditions differ greatly from south to north as well as in an east to west direction, due to the combined effect of exposure to the monsoon and mountain-induced rain s- hadowing. Thus, southerly slopes are moist and warm while northerly slopes are cold and arid. Li Bosheng (1994) reported on biological zonation and species richness within the QNP. Surveys since the 1970's highlight its role as China’s only in-situ repository of central Himalayan ecosystems and species with Indian subcontinent affinities. Most significant are the temperate coniferous and mixed broad-leaved forests with their associated fauna that occupy the deep gorges of the Pungchu, Rongshar, Nyalam (Bhote Kosi) and Kyirong (Jilong) rivers. -
CC J Inners 168Pp.Indd
theclimbers’club Journal 2011 theclimbers’club Journal 2011 Contents ALPS AND THE HIMALAYA THE HOME FRONT Shelter from the Storm. By Dick Turnbull P.10 A Midwinter Night’s Dream. By Geoff Bennett P.90 Pensioner’s Alpine Holiday. By Colin Beechey P.16 Further Certifi cation. By Nick Hinchliffe P.96 Himalayan Extreme for Beginners. By Dave Turnbull P.23 Welsh Fix. By Sarah Clough P.100 No Blends! By Dick Isherwood P.28 One Flew Over the Bilberry Ledge. By Martin Whitaker P.105 Whatever Happened to? By Nick Bullock P.108 A Winter Day at Harrison’s. By Steve Dean P.112 PEOPLE Climbing with Brasher. By George Band P.36 FAR HORIZONS The Dragon of Carnmore. By Dave Atkinson P.42 Climbing With Strangers. By Brian Wilkinson P.48 Trekking in the Simien Mountains. By Rya Tibawi P.120 Climbing Infl uences and Characters. By James McHaffi e P.53 Spitkoppe - an Old Climber’s Dream. By Ian Howell P.128 Joe Brown at Eighty. By John Cleare P.60 Madagascar - an African Yosemite. By Pete O’Donovan P.134 Rock Climbing around St Catherine’s Monastery in the Sinai Desert. By Malcolm Phelps P.142 FIRST ASCENTS Summer Shale in Cornwall. By Mick Fowler P.68 OBITUARIES A Desert Nirvana. By Paul Ross P.74 The First Ascent of Vector. By Claude Davies P.78 George Band OBE. 1929 - 2011 P.150 Three Rescues and a Late Dinner. By Tony Moulam P.82 Alan Blackshaw OBE. 1933 - 2011 P.154 Ben Wintringham. 1947 - 2011 P.158 Chris Astill. -
The First Winter Ascent of Nanga Parbat
Pakistan Everest from Rongbuk Glacier, Tibet. Rob Fairley, 1987. (Watercolour. 36cm x 55cm. Private collection.) 21 SIMONE MORO The First Winter Ascent of Nanga Parbat The Diamir face of Nanga Parbat. Moro switched from the Messner route to the Kinshofer due to unusually risky conditions on his favoured line. (All photos courtesy of Simone Moro) t was a cold dream, one almost 30 years in the making, on an epic moun- Itain, the biggest in the world even if it isn’t the highest. In the course of those three decades I spent a whole year either under or on the slopes of Nanga Parbat before finally realising my ambition of climbing to the summit in winter, and with a unique group of people. To realise big dreams you have to accept long waits and numerous defeats; rework strategies, teams and tactics. In a nutshell, you have to be willing to be mentally very strong as well as physically. A winter expedition to an 8,000er is not the cold version of a spring or summer expedition. It’s another world, a way of doing alpinism that’s com- pletely different; one that has to be learned, understood and experienced. Cold is certainly one of the elements with which you have to cope, but there is also the constant wind, freezing and damn loud, a wind that can force 23 24 T HE A LPINE J OURN A L 2 0 1 6 T HE F IRS T W IN T ER A SCEN T O F N A N ga P A RB at 25 many technical details and protocols that must be respected when climb- ing an 8,000er in winter. -
Age of Crystallization and Cooling of the K2 Gneiss in the Baltoro
Journal of the Geological Society, London, Vol. 147, 1990, pp. 603-606, 3 figs 2 tables. Printed in Northern Ireland SHORT PAPER evidence of Precambrian inheritance (Parrish & Tirrull989). Earlier pre-collision granites within theKarakoram Age of crystallization and cooling of the batholith include the Muztagh Tower unit (Fig. 1) composed K2 gneiss in the Baltoro Karakoram of biotite and hornblende-rich foliated granodiorites, which gave three K-Ar hornblende ages spanning 82-75 f 3 Ma M.P. SEARLE', R. R. PARRISH', (Searle et al. 1989), and the Hushegneiss, SE of the Baltoro R.TIRRUL** & D.C. REX3 area, which has a U-Pb zircon age of 145 f 5 Ma and two 'Department of Earth Sciences, Oxford University, 40Ar-39Arages of 203 f 0.6 Ma and 204 f 1.4 Ma (Searle et Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PR al. 1989). Further west,hornblende-bearing granodiorites 'Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, from the Hunza plutonic unit gave a U-Pb age of 95 f 4 Ottawa, Canada KlA OE8 (LeFort et al. 1983) and similar granites at the Darkot Pass Department of Earth Sciences, Leeds University, gave a Rb-Sr isochron age of 111 f 6 (Debon et al. 1987). Leeds, LS2 9JT These pre-collision granites of the Karakoram batholith all have calc-alkaline geochemical affinities and have been interpretedas Andean-type granitesalong thesouthern continental margin of the Asian plate, related to the Themountains of K2 (8611 m)and Broad Peak (8047111) in the northward subduction of Tethyan oceanic crust (LeFort et Baltoro (northernPakistan) are composedof Karakoram al. -
Annapurna-2013-Steck
ANNAPURNA 1, South face, Ueli Steck, 8-9 October 2013 By Rodolphe Popier FACTS EXAMINATION and ANALYSIS p4 1/ Objective indirect elements of proofs p4 11/ Lights: p4 Sherpas’ statements p4 Contradicting other members’ statements p5 12/ Tracks: p9 13/ Remnants of tracks found by second team on the route: p11 2/ Timings and conditions P12 21/ A 21st century speed ascent! P12 211/ A global lack of precision in the produced data p12 212/ A speed overview essay p16 213/ Comparative speeds of Steck with 2 other teams p19 22/ Atmospheric and mountain conditions comparison p21 3/ Accounts and contradictions p26 31/ A new official German version following the 2014 Piolet d’Or award p26 32/ 4 different summit accounts P27 33/ 2 versions for the camera’s loss: p29 First version: at 6700m at 15h? p29 Second version: 7000m, after having searched for a bivy spot at the foot of the headwall? P30 34/ A varying number of abseils p32 4/ Further miscellaneous points p35 41/ The SMS / Sat phone p35 42/ In an almost “Olympic shape” after 28 hours of climbing P36 43/ Headwall details discussed with Graziani & Benoist p37 One of the very few in-depth studies, unpublished in its entirety so far, about the climb of Ueli Steck was led by Andreas Kubin, former Chief Editor of Bergsteiger for 25 years. This study is primarily based on his work, checking again his own conclusions and completing it with my own findings. Eberhard Jurgalski originally suggested me to do that study. I didn’t contact Ueli Steck regarding any facts on Annapurna 1. -
Helmets Culture Shock Be Inspired
32418_Cover 12/4/02 10:58 am Page 1 ISSUE 26 - SUMMER 2002 £2.50 Helmets Off Centre Impacts Culture Shock Climbers in Wadi Rum Be Inspired Stanage and On Peak Rock ALPINE A – Z NEW INSURANCE PULLING POWER PHOTO COMP WINNERS • MOUNTAIN TRAVEL • YEARBOOK • EXHIBITION FOREWORD... SUMMER SUMMITS elcome to Summit 26 which this time focuses on mountain travel, summer rock and getting Wout in the great outdoors. For me, like many climbers and walkers, the day the clocks change is a notable date in the annual calendar. All of a sudden the winter blues start to fade away, the daffodils come into bloom, the evenings lengthen, optimism returns, plans start to become reality – it’s summertime and it's time to head for the hills! The spring and summer months are indeed a wonderful time in the climbing year-book. This year, the clocks went forward over the Easter weekend and for some of us, the sun even shone. Honeypot areas such as Snowdonia, the Lakes, the Yorkshire Dales and other National Parks were heaving with visitors: Portland, Pembroke and Gogarth bus- tled - people were out there doing it and the countryside was well and truly back in business. Personally, I had an unusually quiet Easter. Unlike many others who headed for Scotland, the Alps, Fontainebleau or Sardinia, I stayed at home, recharged my batteries, ate good food, drank Abso- lution and made plans for the year. A couple of long walks took me up and around the Kinder plateau, following in the footsteps of the Kinder trespassers on one occasion and scoping out some new lines on another. -
Annapurna I, East Ridge, Third Ascent. One of the Most Nota
C LIMBS A ND E XP E DITIONS : N E PA L 375 Nepal ANNAPURNA HIMAL Annapurna I, east ridge, third ascent. One of the most nota- ble accomplishments of the season was the second two- way traverse of the east ridge of Annapurna I (8,091m). When the well-known Pol- ish climber, Piotr Pustelnik, organized his four-man team for this task, he was well aware of the difficulties they would confront on this huge ridge, which starts from Tarke Kang (a.k.a. Glacier Dome, 7,193m) in the east and runs westward over Roc Noir to the three 8,000m summits of Annapurna. However, he did not anticipate the addition of two not-so-highly skilled Tibetans on his permit and the problems one of them would present. The first ascent of the east ridge, which resulted in an elegant traverse of Annapurna, ranks with some of the most significant events in the history of Himalayan climbing. The ridge was first attempted by Germans in 1969, and again in 1981 by a Swedish team, the latter getting as far as the East Summit of Annapurna. Both approached via the West Annapurna Glacier and the east side of the col north of Fluted Peak. In September and October 1984 a six-man expedition entirely formed of Swiss guides, established four camps from the South Annapurna Glacier, climbing to the col between Fluted Peak and Tarke Kang from the more difficult but less dangerous west side, then, in common with the Germans and Swedes, up the ridge above to Tarke Kang itself. -
Sellapr FINALVERSION 7.19.188
P R E S S R E L E A S E F 0 R I M M E D I A T E R E L E A S E July 14, 2018 VITTORIO SELLA SEVERE REALITY ANDREW SMITH GALLERY’S FAREWELL EXHIBIT IN SANTA FE e Western Himalaya and the Karakoram Expedition to K2,1909, sponsored by the Duke of the Abruzzi, Luigi Amedeo di Savoia Photographs by Vittorio Sella Exhibit Dates: Friday, July 27, 2018 –September 1, 2018 “I can see fixed on paper the vision of a lost instant, I recognize scenes I had not been able to admire on the spot. And, in such details, I sometimes find the elements of beauty. The toil and accidents of a climb often blind our eyes to the beauty of the highest regions. Our mind cannot retain a true notion of the views we admired. We know we felt up there the strongest emotions, we remember but dimly the truth of the sites which fascinated our senses. Photography helps to choose, to detail, and to idealize such elements as can form a beautiful alpine scene.” ~From the essay “Picturing the Sublime: The Photographs of Vittorio Sella” by Wendy M. Watson in Summit: Vittorio Sella Mountaineer and Photographer The Years 1879- 1909 “Geological evolution is proceeding with such obvious plainness that the traveler feels as though he were beholding a country in a state of formation and witnessing the modeling of the earth’s crust. The slow work of the waters hollows out gorges and hews their walls into new shapes, almost under one’s eyes, with such activity and on such a scale that nothing elsewhere can be compared with it. -
Annapurna IV Expedition 24,688 Feet • 7525 Meters 2015 International Mountain Guides
Annapurna IV Expedition 24,688 feet • 7525 meters 2015 International Mountain Guides Do you want to go climb a big Himalayan Peak but you don't want to break the bank? Looking for a reasonable mountaineering objective for the post monsoon season in Nepal? Well, give Annapurna IV a shot! Eric Simonson tried to climb this gorgeous mountain back in autumn 1987. They had a great trip right up until they got creamed by one of the all-time big storms to hit the Himalayas. Eric always wanted to try it again. This expedition is for our climbers who have done it all, as well as our climbers who are just starting to test themselves at higher elevations. If you have been on the summit of an 8000 meter peak and you simply want to get high again, this mountain is for you. Maybe you are training for Everest in the future but are not quite ready for that big jump. Annapurna IV is a great testing ground. Leading the 2015 Annapurna IV expedition will be one of our IMG senior guides along with our top notch Sherpa staff. You will get the same guidance and support that has come to be expected from an IMG expedition. Our 2015 Annapurna 4 itinerary will fly our team to Manang Airport (near Humre) at the foot of the Annapurna Range. From this spectacular location, we will do a series of acclimatization hikes, before moving up to the Base Camp. Our Senior Guides will be joined by a cadre of our IMG Sherpa ”A” Team to lend a hand with the camps and route. -
Expedition Everest 2004 & 2005
A L G O N Q U I N C O L L E G E Small World Big Picture Expedition Everest 2004 & 2005 “A Season on Everest” Articles Published in the Ottawa Citizen 21st March 2004 – 29th June 2004 8th March 2005 – 31st May 2005 Back into thin air: Ben Webster is back on Mount Everest, determined to get his Canadian team to the top By Ron Corbett Sunday, March 21, 2004 Page: C5 (Weekly Section) The last time Ben Webster stood on the summit of Mount Everest, the new millennium had just begun. He stepped onto the roof of the world with Nazir Sabir, a climber from Pakistan, and stared at the land far below. The date was May 17, 2000. Somewhere beneath him, in a camp he could not see, were the other members of the Canadian Everest Expedition, three climbers from Quebec who would not reach the summit of the world's tallest mountain. As Webster stood briefly on the peak -- for no one stays long on that icy pinnacle -- stories were already circulating he had left the other climbers behind, so driven was he to become the first Canadian of the new millennium to reach the top of Everest. He would learn of the stories later, and they would sting. Accusation followed nasty accusation, the worst perhaps being that the other climbers had quit on him, so totalitarian had they found his leadership. When Webster descended from the mountain, he walked into a firestorm of negative publicity that bothers him to this day. At times in the ensuing four Julie Oliver, The Citizen's Weekly Shaunna Burke, a U of O doctoral student, Andrew Lock, an Australian, years he would shrug, and say simply he was the and Hector Ponce de Leon, of Mexico, will attempt a team assault on strongest of the four climbers, the only one able to Everest in May, led by Ottawa climber Ben Webster.