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The Old Bailey and Newgate Four Handsome New Illustrated Books THE OLD BAILEY ^—1 and NEWGAT [I'M IMI B|rCiiairlei ©^i'do •c? i^- CORNELL UNIVERSITY^/^ LIBRARY THIS BOOK IS ONE OF A COLLECTION MADE BY BENNO LOEWY 1854-1919 AND BEQUEATHED TO CORNELL UNIVERSITY c E L m /'-• The date shows when this voluin /was taken. HONul USE RULES All bgioUs subject to recall - - -All borrowers must regis- ter in the library to borrow (IRRMARIS'SS books for home use. All books must be re- turned at end of college m year for inspection and repairs. m 4 m Mp Limited books must be returned within the four week limit and not renewed. Students must return all books before leaving town. •ff^::^, Officers should arrange for the return of books wanted during their absence from town. , Volumes of periodicals and of pamphlets are held in the library as much as possible. For special, pur- poses they are given out for a limited time. Borrowers should not use their library privileges for the benefitjOf other persons. Books of special value and gift books. ' when the giver wishes it, are not allowed to circulate. „ Readers are asked to re- ^ port all cases of books marked or mutilated. Do not deface books by marks and writing. Cornell University Library HV9650.L7 G66 The Old Bailey and Newaate 3 1924 030 386 662 olin Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030386662 THE OLD BAILEY AND NEWGATE FOUR HANDSOME NEW ILLUSTRATED BOOKS. -••-- SAND-BURIED RUINS OF KHOTAN. By M. AuREL Stein, Indian Educational Service. Demy 8vo, cloth, 2is. net. With upwards of 60 Illustrations. MOTOR OARS AND THE APPLICA- TION OP MECHANICAL POWER TO ROAD VEHICLES. By Rhys Jenkins, Memb. Inst. Mech. Eng. With over 70 Illustrations. Medium 8vo, cloth, 21S. net. MY AUSTRALIAN GIRLHOOD. By Mrs. Campbell Traed. With many Illustra- tions. Demy 8vo, cloth, i6s. LOMBARD STUDIES. By the Countess Evelyn Martinengo Cesaresco, Author of " Italian Characters in the Epoch of Unification." Demy 8vo, photogravure frontispiece, and many other Illustrations, cloth, l6s. London: T. FISHER UNWIN. H H < z o (^ »! o o w H O fa H O fa o2; 2 ft H K H THE OLD BAILEY AND NEWGATE BY CHARLES GORDON JOHN HOWARD LONDON T. FISHER UNWIN PATERNOSTER SQUARE All Rights Reserved — CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE The Old Bailey and Newgate—Fitz-Stephen's description—Earliest mention of Newgate—Early Prisoners—The Sheriffs as Custodians of the Prisoners—The Festival of the Pui—Wicked Bakers- Combination— BeneSt of Clergy— Management of Strikers . 1 CHAPTER II The Pillory and Whetstone—Gambling—The Mayor as Policeman- Cheats —Liars and their Punishment—A Breviary given to Newgate—An Alderman interferes in a Quarrel—Punishment for Assaulting an Alderman 10 CHAPTER III A false Ale Conner—Newgate a Royal Prison—Given to the Citizens —Rules for the Officers—Prisoners removed from Ludgate and returned—Pest in Newgate—Whittington rebuilds Newgate- Royal Licence for same—Newgate in Fourteenth Century—Evil May Day ... ... 20 CHAPTER IV Prisoners for Faith's sake—John Rogers—Robert Smith—John Philpot—Petitions from Prisoners—Abuses in Newgate—Plot to Kidnap the Queen of Soots—Roman Catholic Priests and in others Newgate—Nonconformists also—Essex's Rebellion . 28 CHAPTER V Spanish Ambassador and Roman Catholic Priests—Escape of Priests —Bad State of Newgate—Floyd's Case—Newgate overcrowded — Prisoners sent to do the King service — Curious Petition — Imprisoned for a trifle—Newgate unsafe— Divers Petitions Lax Guardianship—A Fanatical Prisoner—The Case of Stephen Smith ..... 39 — — vi CONTENTS CHAPTER VI "The Blaoke Dogg of New-gate"—Metrical Description of the Prison—Laxity of Keeper—Killed by Whipping—Powell's Case —Dispute as to Keepership—Keeper's Extortion—Case of Lady Tresham—Case of Sarah Blomfield— Pestilence in Newgate—Riot among Prisoners, owing to Priests being reprieved . 49 CHAPTER VII Accusations against Laud—Riot in Newgate—Royalist Prisoners PuUen's Case — Lilburne's Trial — Capt. Hind's Trial — Moll Cutpurse — Prisoner sent to Sea — The Keeper's Claims — Quakers in Newgate — Roundheads in Newgate — Fifth Monarchy Men—Pepys thereon—Nonconformists in Newgate —Escape and Recapture—Fever in Newgate . .60 CHAPTER VIII Newgate and the Great Fire—Claude Duval— "Devol's last Fare- well" — Pepys and Newgate — Newgate Token — Religious Prisoners in Newgate—Mary Carleton, "the German Princess" 75 CHAPTER IX Petitions from Prisoners—Prisoners on Accession of William III.^ Sale of the Keepership—Metrical Description of Newgate in 1705—Ned Ward on Newgate ..... 87 CHAPTER X The Press Yard Peine forte et dure—Spigot's Case— "History of the Press Yard "—Newgate in 1717—The Ordinaries of that Time ........ 9fi CHAPTER XI The Master Side and Common Side described— " Garnish "—Instances of Its "Garnish"— Abolition—Extortion in Newgate . 110 CHAPTER XII Highwaymen—Prevalence of Crime—The Hangman hanged—Peine forte et dure—Women's Interest in a Highwayman—Case of James Carrick — Blueskin — Jack Sheppard, his Career Escapes, and Execution — Sir James Thornhill paints his Portrait 119 CHAPTER XIII Peaohum in the Beggars' O/jcto—Jonathan Wild, his Career, Ways of Dealing, Trial, and Execution—His Body and Skeleton . 134 —: CONTENTS vii CHAPTER XIV PAGij: The Case of Catherine Hayes, and her Fearful End—Jenny Diver, Champion Thief and Swindler of her Day . .149 CHAPTER XV William Duell, Hanged and Brought to Life again—Cases of Re- suscitation—Opinion on Public Executions in 1760—Maclean, ' " ' the Gentleman Highwayman —Horace Walpole tells of him — Pestilential Prisons — Black Assize at the Old Bailey Ventilation of Newgate ...... 160 CHAPTER XVI Whipping at the Cart's Tail—Drawn to Execution on a Sledge Thief-taking, a Profession — Four Thief-takers Pilloried one Killed—Attempts to break Prison—Gentlemen Highway- men : one Reprieved—Hanged for cheating Creditors—Newgate on Fire — The Keeper's Behaviour — Attempt to Escape Cleansing Newgate—Projected New Prison—Fagin's Prototype . 173 CHAPTER XVII Mrs. Brownrigg— Parliament's Grant to build Newgate—Dance's Plan—Beckford lays First Stone —Attempt to Escape—Re- forms at the Sessious-^Prisoners bound for Transportation " Sixteen-String Jack "—Escape and Recapture of two Prisoners —^Riot in Newgate—Dr. Dodd—Extra Cost of Newgate— Food and Occupation of the Prisoners —Rev. J. Hackman . 187 CHAPTER XVIII Lord George Gordon — Riots of 1780 — Burning of Newgate Boswell's Description—John Glover's Trial at the Old Bailey Story of the Keys — Dennis, the Hangman— Lord George Gordon's subsequent Career and Death—Cost of Damage done to Newgate ....... 204 CHAPTER XIX John Howard— His Reports on Newgate—His Death— Statue in St. Paul's—Unsuccessful and Successful Attempts to Escape Executions changed from Tyburn to Newgate, 1783—Execu- tion and Burning of Women— "The Dead Hand"— "The Monster "..... 220 CHAPTER XX Barrington, the Pickpocket—Riot in Newgate—Hangman wants Increased Wages— Base Coin finished in Newgate — Inside Newgate in 1815 — Governor Wall — Bellingham shot Mr. Perceval ......• 234 — viii CONTENTS CHAPTER XXI PAGE Report of the Committee of 1814 on the State of Newgate—Dr. Forde's Evidence re Volunteer Missionaries—Letter from One . 244 CHAPTER XXII Mrs. Fry—Her First Visit to Newgate—Founds a School—Gets a Room allotted her—Committee Formed—Work found for the Prisoners—Iipprovements in the Prison—Eliza Fenning—Her Funeral—Serious Riot in Newgate—Prisoners Escape . 259 CHAPTER XXIII Spa Fields Riots—Execution of Cashman—Report of the Committee of 1818—Cato Street Plot—Execution of Thistlewood and Four of his Gang—George Cruikshank and "Bank Restriction" Notes—Fauntleroy, the Forger—Other Executions, and last, for Forgery ... 275 CHAPTER XXIV Laxity in Newgate—Alderman's Report thereon—Report of Com- mittee on the Laws relating to Prisons, 1837—Reconstruc- tion of Newgate, 1857—Women's Side Reconstructed, 1861 Last Batch of Convicts Hanged—The "Flowery Land" Pirates —Last Public Execution, 1868—EflEects of Explosion at Clerken- well Prison—New Rules for Executions—Newgate only to be used for Sessions Prisoners .... 287 CHAPTER XXV Visit to Newgate—Entrance—Press Yard—Chapel—Kitchen—The " " Debtors' Door —Gage for Interviews—Shed for Gallows Whipping Block and other Relics—Prisoner's Cell described —Prison Cemetery ..... 306 CHAPTER XXVI The Old Bailey—Camden—Peter Bales—Surroundings of the Old Bailey—Hogarth's Father—Oliver Goldsmith—Surgeons' Theatre —First Sessions House—Ventilation, etc. —New Sessions House Interiors of Sessions House—The Sheriffs' Banquet . 322 CHAPTER XXVII Hanging in the Bible—Hanging at Tyburn—Misson's Account- Scenes at Executions—Anecdotes—Etymology of Tyburn,— First Execution—Site of Gallows—Jeffries Reprieved—Gardiner in his Shroud—Clever Tom Clinch—Bellman's Exhortation- New Drop at Newgate—Loss of Life at an Execution-Scandal at an Execution—Severity of the Laws—Public Executions— " Last Dying Speeches " —Tyburn Tickets . 337 INDEX ........ 359 " LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Newgate 1902 . Frontispiece " A Picture describing the manner and place of them which were in bonds for the Testimony of the truth, oonfering among themselves "... ... 29 Newgate in . 1650 . ... 63 Moll Cutpurse . ..... 67 Newgate, 1672 ..... .76 Spiggot Pressure . Wm. under in Newgate . .98 " Stripped for . A Man being Garnish . .117 Jack Sheppard (contemporary etching) .... 124 ' ' The manner of John Shepherd's escape out of the condemn'd Hole in Newgate "... ... 125 "An Exact Representation of ye Holes Shepherd made in ye Chimney," etc. ....... 128 Jack Sheppard in Special Irons .... 130 Irons said to be worn by Jack Sheppard, shown in Newgate . 131 " ?" The London rairey Shows, or who'll step into Ketch's Theatre . 137 Jonathan Wild going to Execution . 143 Jonathan "Wild's House in the Old Bailey, 1813 . 144 Portrait of Jonathan "Wild, etc. 147 The Story of Catherine Hayes .
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