Western and Central Europe
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
WESTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE Dividers_country profiles.indd 1 15/11/2016 15:07:26 Dividers_country profiles.indd 9 28/10/2014 11:08:38 WESTERN AND SOUTHERN EUROPE − Andorra − In 2015, Andorra amended the criminal code by introducing three new articles (121bis, 134bis and 157bis) covering, respectively, trafficking for the purpose of organ removal, trafficking for the purpose of forced labour, slavery and servitude, and trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation. These offences refer to national and foreign victims. The previous legislation only covered trafficking of irregular migrants for the exploitation of their work. Investigations and suspects The national authorities reported that no cases of trafficking in persons in any form have been registered in Andorra during the period between 2012 and 2015. Source: Permanent Mission of Andorra to OSCE and other International Organizations in Vienna. − Austria − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Austria covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. The Austrian authorities use two articles of the criminal code to prosecute trafficking cases: Trafficking in Human Beings (Section 104a) and Cross-border trafficking in prostitution (Section 217). Investigations and suspects Number of cases of trafficking in persons recorded, according to the article of the criminal code used, 2012-2014 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2012 2013 2014 Recorded offences for Trafficking in Human 22 24 35 Beings (section 104a) Recorded offences for Cross-border trafficking in 48 49 29 prostitution (section 217) Source: Police Crime Statistics. Persons suspected of trafficking in human beings (section 104a), by gender, 2012-2014 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2012 2013 2014 Males suspected of trafficking in human beings 21 17 46 (section 104a) Females suspected of trafficking in human beings 10 8 15 (section 104a) Source: Police Crime Statistics. Persons suspected of cross-border trafficking in prostitution (section 217), by gender, 2012-2014 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2012 2013 2014 Males suspected of Cross-border trafficking in prostitution (section 64 33 29 217) Females suspected of Cross- border trafficking in prostitution 21 19 9 (section 217) Source: Police Crime Statistics. Persons suspected of trafficking in human beings (section 104a), by citizenship, 2012-2014 Others, 12 Austria, 15 Other Western and Central Europe, 26 Bulgaria, 28 Romania, 36 Source: Police Crime Statistics. Victims Detected victims of trafficking in human beings (section 104a), by age and gender, 2012-2014 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2012 2013 2014 Adult women 17 14 19 Adult men 8726 Girls 223 Boys 100 Source: Police Crime Statistics. Detected victims of trafficking in human beings (section 104a), by citizenship, 2012-2014 Other Central Europe and Balkans, 30 Other, 18 Romania, 30 Austria - Domestic trafficking, 2 Bulgaria, 20 Source: Police Crime Statistics. − Belgium − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Belgium covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects Number of cases of trafficking in persons and related offences, by type of exploitation, 2011-2015 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Cases of THB for organs trade 11110 Cases of THB for crimes 9 1715159 Cases of THB for child pornography 15 22 31 13 18 Cases of THB for begging 48 47 35 38 33 Cases of THB for economic 219 187 186 166 160 exploitation Cases of THB for sexual exploitation 596 600 668 460 467 Source: Police. Number of persons suspected of trafficking in persons and related offences, by gender, 2011-2015 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Unknown 84227 Females 210 168 187 129 151 Males 482 420 415 321 386 Source: Police Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons and related offences, by gender, 2012-June 2015 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2012 2013 2014 Jan-June2015 Unknown 7651 Females 56 71 64 9 Males 82 90 84 12 Source: Ministry of Justice. Persons convicted of trafficking in persons and related offences, by country of citizenship, 2012-2015 Africa and the Unknown/other East Asia, Middle East, 32 s, 46 South Asia and Pacific, 37 Belgium, 111 Other Western and Central Europe, 122 Source: Ministry of Justice. Victims Number of persons who were issued residence permits as potential foreign victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2012-June2015 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 Men 60 67 84 63 Women 56 45 49 49 Girls 73512 Boys 4107 Source: Immigration service. Number of persons who were issued residence permits as potential foreign victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2012-June2015 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 Other 5013 Begging 50810 Forced labour 65 79 86 61 Sexual exploitation 52 37 43 44 Source: Immigration service. Persons who were issued residence permits as potential foreign victims of trafficking in persons, by country of citizenship, 2012-2015 Other Africa Other and the Middle Western and East, 80 Central Europe, 81 Nigeria, 35 Morocco, 54 East Asia, South Asia and the Pacific, 61 Romania, 85 Others/Unknow n, 22 Source: Immigration service. − Denmark − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Denmark covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects Number of cases of trafficking in persons recorded, 2012-2015 14 12 10 8 6 12 11 9 4 2 3 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Business Intelligence System of the Danish Police (POLIS). Number of persons suspected of trafficking in persons, by gender, 2010-2015 35 30 25 20 15 29 10 20 13 13 15 5 9 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Business Intelligence System of the Danish Police (POLIS). Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2010-2015 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Females 7 2 10 16 4 29 Males 11 4 6 13 3 24 Source: Danish Police Computer System (POLSAS). Between 2010 and 2015, 37 persons (11 females and 26 males) were convicted of trafficking in persons. Source: Danish Police Computer System (POLSAS). Victims Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2010- 2015 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Women 48 56 56 62 60 50 Men 3 2 10 12 6 37 Girls 12 231 Boys 125 Source: Danish Centre against Human Trafficking and the Danish Immigration Service Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2010- 2015 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Other/Unregistered 1 0 2 3 Committing crimes 0 3 7 7 43 Forced labour 2 3 16 11 4 1 Sexual exploitation 50 57 45 58 57 49 Source: Danish Centre against Human Trafficking and the Danish Immigration Service Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by country of citizenship, 2012-2015 Other Denmark- Western and Domestic Central Other, 15 Trafficking, 1 Europe, 17 Romania, 65 East Asia, 30 Nigeria, 140 Other Africa, 38 Source: Danish Centre against Human Trafficking and the Danish Immigration Service. − Finland − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Finland covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects Persons investigated for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2012-November 2015 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2012 2013 2014 Jan-Dec2015 Females 8419 Males 23 5 3 26 Source: Office of the Prosecutor General. Persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, 2012-November 2015 80 70 60 50 40 72 30 20 34 10 24 21 0 2012 2013 2014 Jan-Dec2015 Source: Office of the Prosecutor General. Between 2012 and 2014, 11 persons were convicted of trafficking in persons; seven males and four females. Seven were Finnish citizens, four were foreigners. Victims Victims of trafficking in persons, by age and sex, 2010-July 2015 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Jan-July2015 Women 30 28 26 34 34 30 Men 14 23 22 19 9 14 Children 445330 Source: Statistics of the Finnish National Assistance System for Victims of Trafficking. Victims of trafficking in persons, by forms of exploitation, 2010-July 2015 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jan- 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 July2015 Other forms of trafficking 0207912 Trafficking for forced labour 24 34 36 20 8 16 Trafficking for sexual 20 16 16 29 28 16 exploitation Source: Statistics of the Finnish National Assistance System for Victims of Trafficking. Victims of trafficking in persons, by country of citizenship, 2012-July 2015 Finland- Eastern Europe Domestic and Central Trafficking, 11 Asia, 13 Others, 18 Western and Central Europe, Nigeria, 57 23 South Asia, 11 Other Africa, Other East Asia, Viet Nam, 27 20 13 Source: Statistics of the Finnish National Assistance System for Victims of Trafficking. − France – The specific offence of trafficking in persons in France covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. The French authorities make use of the offences of Trafficking in Persons (Art 225-4-1/6), Procurement (Art 225- 5/10), Exploitation of Prostitution (Art 225-12-1/2), Labour conditions against Human Dignity (Art 225-13/16), Exploitation of begging (Art. 225-12-5/7) and Organs Trafficking (Art. 511-2) to prosecute cases of human trafficking.