Modeling and Control of Flexible Manipulators

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Modeling and Control of Flexible Manipulators Linköping studies in science and technology. Dissertations. No. 1349 Modeling and Control of Flexible Manipulators Stig Moberg Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University, SE–581 83 Linköping, Sweden Linköping 2010 Cover illustration: A well-known path used by robot customers and robot man- ufacturers for evaluating the path accuracy of industrial robots (front). One ele- ment of the multivariable frequency response function magnitude for a modern industrial robot (back). Linköping studies in science and technology. Dissertations. No. 1349 Modeling and Control of Flexible Manipulators Stig Moberg [email protected] www.control.isy.liu.se Division of Automatic Control Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University SE–581 83 Linköping Sweden ISBN 978-91-7393-289-9 ISSN 0345-7524 Copyright © 2010 Stig Moberg Printed by LiU-Tryck, Linköping, Sweden 2010 To Karin and John Abstract Industrial robot manipulators are general-purpose machines used for industrial automation in order to increase productivity, flexibility, and product quality. Oth- er reasons for using industrial robots are cost saving, and elimination of hazard- ous and unpleasant work. Robot motion control is a key competence for robot manufacturers, and the current development is focused on increasing the robot performance, reducing the robot cost, improving safety, and introducing new functionalities. Therefore, there is a need to continuously improve the mathemat- ical models and control methods in order to fulfil conflicting requirements, such as increased performance of a weight-reduced robot, with lower mechanical stiff- ness and more complicated vibration modes. One reason for this development of the robot mechanical structure is of course cost-reduction, but other benefits are also obtained, such as lower environmental impact, lower power consumption, improved dexterity, and higher safety. This thesis deals with different aspects of modeling and control of flexible, i.e., elastic, manipulators. For an accurate description of a modern industrial manip- ulator, this thesis shows that the traditional flexible joint model, described in literature, is not sufficient. An improved model where the elasticity is described by a number of localized multidimensional spring-damper pairs is therefore pro- posed. This model is called the extended flexible joint model. The main contri- butions of this work are the design and analysis of identification methods, and of inverse dynamics control methods, for the extended flexible joint model. The proposed identification method is a frequency-domain non-linear gray-box method, which is evaluated by the identification of a modern six-axes robot ma- nipulator. The identified model gives a good description of the global behavior of this robot. The inverse dynamics problem is discussed, and a solution methodology is pro- posed. This methodology is based on the solution of a differential algebraic equa- tion (DAE). The inverse dynamics solution is then used for feedforward control of both a simulated manipulator and of a real robot manipulator. The last part of this work concerns feedback control. First, a model-based non- linear feedback control (feedback linearization) is evaluated and compared to a model-based feedforward control algorithm. Finally, two benchmark problems for robust feedback control of a flexible manipulator are presented and some pro- posed solutions are analyzed. v Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Industrirobotar används inom många industrigrenar där bilindustrin är den stör- sta robotkunden. Andra industrier som har stora behov av robotar är halvledar- och elektronikindustrin, flygindustrin och livsmedelsindustrin. Exempel på nya tillämpningar för robotar är hantering av skärmar till platt-TV, tillverkning av sol- celler och solpaneler, samt sortering och paketering av läkemedel. Några typiska arbetsuppgifter för robotar i traditionell tillverkningsindustri är svetsning, mål- ning, montering, laserskärning och materialbearbetning. Industrirobotar förekom- mer även inom nöjesindustrin, där de bland annat använts vid filminspelningar (Terminator Salvation), vid rock-konserter (Bon Jovi) och som avancerade nöjes- fältsattraktioner (RoboCoaster). Det finns även exempel på att industrirobotar används inom sjukvården, t.ex. för rehabilitering av strokepatienter. Industrirob- otar är med andra ord universalmaskiner och bara användarens fantasi begrän- sar möjligheterna! Totalt har mer än 2 miljoner industrirobotar levererats sedan introduktionen i slutet av 1960-talet och idag är mer än 1 miljon robotar i drift. Användning av robotar kan förstås minska antalet anställda inom industrin, men kan också skapa nya arbeten med ett bättre arbetsinnehåll och ta bort farliga, tu- nga och tråkiga arbetsuppgifter. Andra motiv för att använda robotar är ökad och jämn produktkvalitet och en effektivare produktion till en lägre kostnad. Efter- som robotar är omprogrameringsbara får man också, i jämförelse med fast aut- omation, flexibilitet och möjligheter att ändra produktionen. Robotens hjärna är styrsystemet, vars datorer står för robotens intelligens och bland annat styr robotens rörelser. Den del av robotstyrsystemet som styr robotens rörelser brukar kallas rörelsestyrning, och dess huvuduppgift är att styra vrid- momenten i robotens elektriska motorer så att de rörelser som robotanvändaren programmerat utförs med största möjliga snabbhet och precision. Vridmomenten styrs i sin tur genom reglering av strömmarna till de motorer som är driver robotarmarna via växellådor. För att kunna beräkna det vridmoment som be- hövs för att röra t.ex. en svetspistol på önskat sätt används matematiska mod- eller. Denna styrprincip kallas modellbaserad framkopplingsreglering. Eftersom modeller aldrig kan vara helt perfekta, och eftersom vissa saker inte kan modell- eras, t.ex. att någonting stöter till roboten, krävs det också kunskap om robotens verkliga rörelse. En vanligt sätt att få denna kunskap är att mäta motorvinklarna. Denna mätning används av styrsystemet för att korrigera de vridmoment som modellerna räknat fram. Denna styrprincip kallas återkopplingsreglering. Även återkopplingsregleringen kan använda sig av styrsystemets modeller. Rörelses- tyrningen för en robot kan liknas vid den mänskliga hjärnans styrning av grov- och finmotoriken med hjälp av erfarenhet och instinkt (framkoppling) och sinnes- intryck (återkoppling). En trend inom industriell robotutveckling är att robotarna görs vigare och att dess vikt minskar relativt den last som roboten ska hantera. Detta ökar robotens användbarhet och minskar kostnader och energiförbrukning, men det gör också rörelsestyrningen betydligt svårare eftersom roboten totalt sett blir vekare. De vii viii Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning dominerande vekheterna (elasticiteterna) i en modern industrirobot finns hos växellådor, lager och robotarmar, men även underlaget som roboten är monterad på kan vara vekt. Problemet att styra en vek robot kan liknas vid att snabbt svin- ga ett metspö och att få toppen av metspöt att följa en viss bana och slutligen stanna på önskat ställe utan att svänga. En ökad intelligens i robotens rörelse- styrning är för dessa veka robotar helt avgörande för att kunna styra rörelserna med snabbhet och precision. Detta innebär att rörelsestyrningens intelligens ock- så är avgörande för att kunna minska robotens tillverkningskostnad. Denna avhandling handlar om modellering och reglering av moderna industri- robotar. Det som behandlas är hur man med hög noggrannhet matematiskt skall beskriva veka robotar, hur man skall utföra mätningar på en robot för att anpassa de matematiska modellerna till verkligheten och hur man använder modellerna för att med framkoppling och återkoppling kunna styra en robot. Den första de- len av avhandlingen presenterar en matematisk modell som kan beskriva elas- ticiteten i en modern industrirobot, samt beskriver metoder för att ta fram mo- dellparametrar. Att ta fram värden på okända modellparametrar kallas ofta iden- tifiering. Metoden bygger på att man styr robotens rörelser så att de vridmoment och rörelser som registreras kan användas för att räkna ut de okända modell- parametrarna. Enkelt uttryckt så skakar man på roboten så att den avslöjar vär- dena på modellens fjädrar och dämpare. De modeller och identifieringsmetoder som redovisas i avhandlingen beskriver robotens vekhet på ett unikt bra sätt. Den andra delen av avhandlingen beskriver hur modellen kan användas i en modellbaserad framkopplingsreglering. Beräkningen av vridmoment, givet öns- kad robotrörelse, innebär lösandet av en differential-algebraisk ekvation (DAE). Denna ekvation är i detta fall mycket svår att lösa, och ett antal metoder för att lösa denna DAE föreslås och analyseras. De framtagna metoderna är alltför komplexa givet dagens datorkraft, men visar att problemet är lösbart. Metoderna kan också vara en utgångspunkt för att utveckla förenklade metoder som styr- systemets datorer har kapacitet att beräkna. Avhandlingen avslutas med en beskrivning av två specialanpassade matematiska robotmodeller och tillhörande krav på styrsystemet. En viktig egenskap för dessa modeller är att endast motorernas vinklar mäts, vilket är det normala fallet för moderna industrirobotar. Dessa s.k. benchmark-problem är tänkta att användas för utvärdering och utveckling av alternativa metoder för återkopplingsreglering, och att ge forskare inom området realistiska modeller med tillhörande industri- ella krav. Det första benchmark-problemet presenterades 2004 under namnet Svenska Mästerskapet
Recommended publications
  • The Theme Park As "De Sprookjessprokkelaar," the Gatherer and Teller of Stories
    University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2018 Exploring a Three-Dimensional Narrative Medium: The Theme Park as "De Sprookjessprokkelaar," The Gatherer and Teller of Stories Carissa Baker University of Central Florida, [email protected] Part of the Rhetoric Commons, and the Tourism and Travel Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Baker, Carissa, "Exploring a Three-Dimensional Narrative Medium: The Theme Park as "De Sprookjessprokkelaar," The Gatherer and Teller of Stories" (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 5795. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/5795 EXPLORING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL NARRATIVE MEDIUM: THE THEME PARK AS “DE SPROOKJESSPROKKELAAR,” THE GATHERER AND TELLER OF STORIES by CARISSA ANN BAKER B.A. Chapman University, 2006 M.A. University of Central Florida, 2008 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Humanities at the University of Central Florida Orlando, FL Spring Term 2018 Major Professor: Rudy McDaniel © 2018 Carissa Ann Baker ii ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the pervasiveness of storytelling in theme parks and establishes the theme park as a distinct narrative medium. It traces the characteristics of theme park storytelling, how it has changed over time, and what makes the medium unique.
    [Show full text]
  • Meaning - an Unexplored Path of Innovation
    Meaning - An Unexplored Path of Innovation Åsa Öberg1* and Roberto Verganti2 Department of Information Design, Mälardalen University, Sweden1 School of Management, Politecnico di Milano, Italy1,2 [email protected], [email protected] *Corresponding Author Received 27 August 2014; received in revised form 30 November 2014; accepted 9 December 2014 Abstract Over the last ten years, the practice and research around innovation has been dominated by one perspective: innovation is an activity of “creative problem solving”. According to this per- spective, users have problems or needs, and innovation implies an understanding of those problems and the creation of better ideas to solve them (Kelley, 2001, Chesbrough, 2003, Brown, 2009, Martin, 2009). There is, however, a level of innovation that has been overlooked: the level of meaning. People are continuously searching for meaning. Whenever they do something in life, there is a meaning behind that action, a purpose, and a “why”. They also use products and services that support this search for meaning. For example, they use fast robots with the purpose of improving the productivity of a process. Firms often assume that meanings exist “out there” in the market. They just have to be understood, not innovated. Therefore, they search for new solutions, a new “how”, to serve this existing purpose better: a faster robot, for example. However, people are not only searching for new solutions to existing problems. They are also searching for new meanings because their life keeps changing and because they are delighted by the discovery of new directions. For example, hospitals buy slow robots, such as the DaVinci system, the leading prostatectomy device, not to replace doctors and increase productivity, but to help them in complex operations.
    [Show full text]
  • Attractions Management Issue 1 2011
    Attractionswww.attractionsmanagement.com management MFC(- H()'(( Attractionswww.attractionsmanagement.com management MFC(- H()'(( J?8E>?8@<OGF 8i\m`\nf]k_\nfic[ËjY`^^\jk\m\i\ogf K?<;L:?<JJF=EFIK?LD9<IC8E; fe dXb`e^ X b`cc`e^ n`k_ K_\ Gf`jfe >Xi[\e @DD<IJ<PFLIJ<C=*;LGJ@KJ>8D< :FM<I1K?<LBG8M@C@FEËJJ<<;:8K?<;I8C@EJ?8E>?8@ Read Attractions Management online: www.attractionsmanagement.com/digital follow us on twitter @attractionsmag K?<D<G8IBJsJ:@<E:<:<EKI<JsQFFJ8HL8I@LDJsDLJ<LDJ?<I@K8><sK<:?EFCF>Ps;<JK@E8K@FEJs<OGFJsN8K<IG8IBJsM@J@KFI8KKI8:K@FEJs>8CC<I@<Js<EK<IK8@ED<EK Look into my eyes and… Fly Me to the Moon Pirate Story The World of Sharks Haunted House Jett and Jin TurtleVision Bugs Dinosaurs O8BWF1JDUVSFTQSFTFOUTBOFWFSFYQBOEJOHMJCSBSZPGQSPWFODSPXEQMFBTJOHmMNT that maximize the WOW factor and in-your-face nature of 3D/4D cinema. For more information contact: $FESJD*HPEUt5FM t'BY tDJHPEU!OXBWFDPNtXXXOXBWFDPN +BOJOF#BLFSt5FM t'BY tKCBLFS!OXBWFDPN (North & South America Sales) !-11. … discover a universal and timeless 3D/4D attraction nWave Pictures proudly presents A 3D/4D experience inspired by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s The Little Prince: an eternally enchanting story. ATTRACTIONS MANAGEMENT EDITOR’S LETTER PHOTO: IWAN BAAN IWAN PHOTO: UNDERESTIMATING DEMAND ON THE COVER: The UK Pavilion at Shanghai Expo, p34 peaking at IAAPA, Tom Williams, CEO and chair of Universal Studios told delegates: “I’ve made a new best friend and his name’s Harry Potter.” READER SERVICES S With attendances at Universal Islands of Adventure up by SUBSCRIPTIONS 36 per cent since the opening of the Wizarding World of Denise Gildea +44 (0)1462 471930 Harry Potter in Orlando last June, it’s easy to see why.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalog of Ideas
    Simply open up the flap – and you have an at-a-glance overview of all the information 2010 and explanations about product names. www.kuka-robotics.com Catalog of Ideas INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS / CONTROLLERS / SOFTWARE / APPLICATION MODULES / LINEAR UNITS / POSITIONERS / ACCESSORIES / CUSTOMER SERVICES Catalog of Ideas of Catalog E/2/0510 002 CONTENTS EDITORIAL 003 Welcome tO THE CATALOG OF IDEAS CONTENTS Helping people to develop and implement ideas: that is the goal to which we at the KUKA Robot Group KUKA YOUR IDEAS P. 004 aspire. The results can be seen in countless companies worldwide, in which products and services of 1 INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS P. 014 the KUKA brand bring about impressive process optimizations. In short: whoever wants to make their 1.1 STANDARD MODELS P. 018 production faster, better and more effi cient relies on the KUKA Robot Group. 1.2 SPECIAL MODELS P. 040 1.3 SPECIAL VARIANTS P. 068 With creativity, quality “made in Germany” and the utmost commitment to our customers and business 2 CONTROLLERS P. 082 partners, KUKA has set the milestones in robotics for 35 years. 3 SOFTWARE P. 090 One proof of the fl exibility, dynamism and innovative drive of our company is now in your hands: 4 APPLICATION MODULES P. 100 the KUKA Catalog of Ideas. The name is no coincidence. Because what awaits you on the following 5 LINEAR UNITS P. 10 6 pages is more than just a presentation of the products and services that KUKA offers. We want to 6 POSITIONERS P. 112 show you ways of making your ideas become reality.
    [Show full text]
  • Attractionsmanagement Issue 4 2014
    Attractionswww.attractionsmanagement.com VOL 19 Q4 2014 www.simworx.co.uk [email protected] Attractionswww.attractionsmanagement.com VOL 19 Q4 2014 Tim Smit THE Exporting the STORYTELLING Eden Project ISSUE to China Experience economist Joe Pine on the reveal Author Jonathan Gottschall on Thrill rides storytelling as uncovered in our new Ride science Makers series SATE 2014 conference report For full functionality please view in Adobe Reader KATIE PRICE Celebrity mum puts disabled access in the spotlight ReadClick Attractions here Management to subscribe online: www.attractionsmanagement.com/digital to the print edition www.attractionsmanagement.com/subs follow us on twitter @attractionsmag E NEW N O A 4D I T T R AC T WATCH TRAILER AT /nWavePictures/nWavePictures Directed by Ben Stassen & Jeremy Degruson HauntedMansion.nWave.com A Leader in the Production and Distribution of 4D/3D Immersive Content 4D/3D ATTRACTION FILMS | 3D/2D GIANT SCREEN FILMS | 3D/2D RIDE SIMULATION FILMS AMERICAS | Janine Baker: +1 818-565-1101 [email protected] - INTERNATIONAL | Goedele Gillis: +32 2 347-63-19 [email protected] [email protected] | nWave.com /nWavePicturesDistribution | /nWavePictures | /nWave nWave is a registered trademark of nWave Pictures SA/NV. ©2014 nWave Pictures SA/NV - All Rights Reserved - IMAX is a registered trademark of IMAX Corporation. EXPERIENCE AN EPIC BATTLE IN 4D… ONLY AT NWAVE’S BOOTH #4836 E NEW N O A 4D I T T R AC T WATCH TRAILER AT /nWavePictures/nWavePictures MEDIEVAL MAYHEM: THE BATTLE BEGINS. Directed by Ben Smith KnightsQuest.nWave.com [email protected] | nWave.com | /nWavePicturesDistribution | /nWave nWave is a registered trademark of nWave Pictures SA/NV.
    [Show full text]
  • Polar X-Plorer
    PW_May12_p01:PW_May12_p01 02/05/2012 16:59 Page 1 MAY 2012 Polar X-plorer Zierer drop coaster anchors Fantasilandia Legoland’s latest land Aquatica San Antonio 40 years of Kings Island + more! ZEBEC fp - Nov 10:Layout 1 29/10/10 11:58 Page 1 Complete Lily Pad Walk Setup Zebec provides a Complete Lily Pad Walk Setup Foam Lily Pad Floats including Foam Lily Pad Floats, Overhead Constructed for heavy commercial use and made Complete Lily Pad Walk Setup with high density foam completely encased in a Netting and Pool Side Safety Padding – All made FOAM Lily Floats in our USA 70,000sf Cincinnati, Ohio factory. water-tight, reinforced outer membrane cover. Overhead Netting This thick outer membrane is extremely tough Lily Pad setups are custom designed for each Entry Pool Side Padding )('&%$#"! "$' #($#%"#'"#"'(")%$$"!(%!" providing excellent abrasion, puncture and wear resistance along with water-tight construction. Safety Padding Safety Pad Features "Sizes"" #'"!%"#'"#"'(")%$$"!(%! Zebec manufactures a full range of safety padding Reinforced "High Density Foam – Mechanically stable foam that Membrane Cover #'"#"'#"! "!(%!" "'("!$#"!%#")!" Anchor maintains cushioning properties !(%"$#'"!%"#'"#"'(")%$$"!(%!"! " "Durable Outer Membrane – Foam completely FOAM Strip special requests or designs are no problem. encased in a Watertight, Reinforced outer membrane "Installation – Bolt-down or adhered. Overhead Obstruction Padding "UV Stable – UV inhibitors resist damage and fading " " %$!" %#! $%"""' "! #% ! $% "!" #%" %)!(""" ''("!!% Padding For
    [Show full text]
  • Download Brochure
    Product Brochure ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... 01 SIMWORX HAS EMERGED AS ONE OF THE WORLD LEADERS IN THE DESIGN, MANUFACTURE & DEVELOPMENT OF 3D/4D DYNAMIC SIMULATION ATTRACTIONS AND 4D EFFECT CINEMAS SUPPLYING > THEME PARKS/ MUSEUMS/ ZOOS & AQUARIUMS/ FAMILY ENTERTAINMENT CENTRES/ VISITOR ATTRACTIONS// ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... 02 CONCEPT TO REALITY // THEME PARKS/ CONCEPT DESIGN MANUFACTURING LIBRARY FILM & DELIVERY & AFTER SALES & ADVERTISING & MUSEUMS/ AND ENGINEERING BESPOKE MEDIA INSTALLATION
    [Show full text]
  • 4. Robotic a Rm
    Biologically Inspired Digital Fabrication ARCHNE$ by C fITE Sarah Han S.B EECS MIT 2011 Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology May 2013 C2013 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. / Author: Sarah Han Department of Electrical Engin ering an Computer Science May 24, 2013 Certified by: Neri Oxman Assistant Professor, Department of edia Arts and Sciences MIT Thesis Supervisor May 24,2013 Accepted by: Dennis M. Freeman Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Chairman, Masters of Engineering Thesis Committee 1 Biologically Inspired Digital Fabrication by Sarah Han Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science May 24, 2013 In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ABSTRACT Objects and systems in nature are models for the practice of sustainable design and fabrication. From trees to bones, natural systems are characterized by the constant interplay of creation, environmental response, and analysis of current structural constituents, as part of a larger dynamic system. In contrast, traditional methods of digital design and fabrication are characterized by a linear progression of three main stages: modeling (digital generation in the digital domain), analysis (digital mapping of the physical domain), and fabrication (physical generation of the digital domain). Moving towards a system process where modeling, analysis, and fabrication are integrated together for the development of a dynamic process will transform traditional fabrication technology and bring about the creation of sustainable and more efficient synthetic environments.
    [Show full text]
  • Attractions Management Issue 4 2015
    www.attractionsmanagement.com @attractionsmag VOL20 Q4 2015 CLICK TO PLAY www.simworx.co.uk www.attractionsmanagement.com @attractionsmag VOL20 Q4 2015 STAR OF THE SHOW For full functionality please view in Videogame Adobe Reader makers Ubisoft move into theme parks Are operators Cover image: doing enough for Anthony Daniels poses with the older visitors? original C-3PO head Click here to subscribe to the print edition www.attractionsmanagement.com/subs VISIT OUR BOOTH #4873 & EXPERIEN NEW Now available in 3D exclusively From nWave Pictures Distribution NCE THE ADVENTURE IN AMAZING 3D Watch Trailer at /nWavePictures ©2015 nWave Pictures SA/NV – All Rights Reserved nWave® is a registered trademark of nWave Pictures SA/NV nWave Booth #4873 November 17-20, 2015 NTH/STH AMERICAN SALES INTERNATIONAL Janine Baker Jennifer Lee Hackett Goedele Gillis +1 818-565-1101 +1 386-256-5151 +32 2 347-63-19 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] California Offi ce Florida Offi ce nWave.com | /nWavePicturesDistribution | /nWave | /nWavePictures | /nwavepicturesdistribution ©2015 nWave Pictures SA/NV – All Rights Reserved - nWave® is a registered trademark of nWave Pictures SA/NV blog.attractionsmanagement.com CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT Attractions have traditionally seen their ticketing and access control operations as being about little more than gatekeeping, with money exchanged for access. But today, that touch point with the customer is an opportunity to begin a whole new and transformational relationship isitor attractions of all kinds, from museums As a customer, I’ve repeatedly been frustrated to find to theme parks and zoos to planetariums, attractions doing a poor job of customer engagement through have traditionally known very little about the tech and believe we need an industry-wide push on this front.
    [Show full text]
  • Experience UK 2016 Directory Feb 25 2016
    Contact Email Address Tel Web Experience UK Contact Email Address Tel Web Directory 2016 Contact Email Address Tel Web The Online Directory of UK companies in the Experience Economy sector EXPERIENCE UK .ORG Contact Email Address Tel Visitor Attractions & Centres | Theme,Web Leisure & Water Parks | Urban development & Regional Projects | Museums, Heritage sites & Art Galleries | Science Centres & Planetariums Aquariums, Zoos & Wildlife Parks | Brand Lands & Promotion | FECs & Themed Environments | Retail & Shopping Malls | Cinemas & Multiplexes | Corporate Offices | Exhibitions & Product Launches Gaming & Casinos | Real Estate & Property | Spectaculars & Live Shows | Sports Stadia & Facilities | Tourism, Resorts & Hotels | Bars, Clubs & Restaurants | Expos & Special Events Contact Email Address Tel Web Contact Email Address Tel Web ESF design and supply innovative street furniture and site furnishings for Experience attractions. Products include bollards, benches, litter (trash) bins,Tree grates, planters, shelters, cycle parking and much more. We offer materials for external harsh environments such as water parks and theme parks using innovative manufacturing. Solar mobile phone charging sta�on, solar illuminated litter bins and solar powered ‘smart’ benches are also available. Wild Wadi water park in Dubai, Contact National Theatre in London, Belfast Museum and Belfast Zoo are Email just some of the experience projects we have supplied recently. Address We are looking to expand our offering to the worldwide theme park Tel market with our new themed product offering. Web Email: [email protected] Tel: +44 (0) 845 606 6095 Website: www.worldofesf.com Contact Email Address Tel Web ExperienceContact UK Directory Email Address Tel WelcomeWeb to the 2016 edition of the Directory. Experience UK is a web-based directory that provides a guide to British products and services in the Attractions & Experience Economy industry and, from it, we have produced this third printed Directory.
    [Show full text]
  • Simulation-Based-Con
    A Simulation-Based Control Interface Layer for a High-Fidelity Anthropomorphic Training Simulator Kyle Nelson, Timothy Black, Doug Creighton, Saeid Nahavandi Centre for Intelligent Systems Research, Deakin University Geelong, Victoria, Australia kjnel, timothy.black, doug.creighton, [email protected] ABSTRACT Deakin University’s futuristic Universal Motion Simulator will overcome the limitations of current motion simulator platforms by employing an anthropomorphic robot arm to provide the motion fidelity necessary to exploit the potential of modern simulation environments. Full motion simulators frequently utilize Stewart platforms to mimic the movement of vehicles during simulation. However, due to the limited motion range and dexterity of such systems, and their inability to convey realistic accelerations, they are unable to represent accurate motion characteristics. The Universal Motion Simulator aims to close the gap between the limitations of the current motion technology and the real world, by introducing a flexible, modular, high-fidelity motion system that can be used for a variety of immersive training applications. The modular nature of the design allows interchangeable and configurable simulation pods to be attached to the end effector. Existing robot-based motion platforms use a direct control input via hardware to control the motion of the robot. In this paper we present a methodology that increases the capability of this novel motion simulator by introducing a simulation-control interface layer. The Control Interface Layer allows the user to interact with the simulation environment, unlike current direct hardware control interfaces on this type of motion platform. This layer enables anthropomorphic motion platforms to become a more cost-effective solution for re-configurable motion simulation hardware.
    [Show full text]
  • Leisure Opportunities 2Nd November 2010
    leisure health club sport spa hospitality tourism attractions museums property www.leisureopportunities.co.uk JOBS START ON PAGE 21 Issue No 540 £2.00 news & jobs updated daily online 2 November - 15 November 2010 Circulation 23,035 (July 07 – June 08) Madonna to launch health club chain with US partner By Tom Walker Brazil, Argentina and across Europe and Asia. Madonna is teaming with the The new health club chain is founder of the US health club named after Madonna's 11th chain 24 Hour Fitness to launch studio album – her latest – her own chain of fitness clubs. also called Hard Candy, which The project is a joint venture was launched in 2008. WIKIPEDIA – named New Evolution / 24 Hour Fitness is one of the Ventures – between Madonna, world's largest privately her manager Guy Oseary and HANKBONE owned and operated fitness S Mark Mastrov, the founder of AVID center chains – when mea- the 24 Hour Fitness chain. : D sured by number of members. MAGE The chain – to be called I In the number of clubs, it is Hard Candy Fitness – will The "Queen of Pop" will lend her name to the new joint venture the world's third largest, launch in New Mexico next trailing only Gold's Gym and month with a 9,144sq m club, ment inspired by Madonna's input on every detail including UK-based Fitness First. which will feature zumba, yoga vision and high standards of music, space, light and other 24 Hour Fitness is currently and cardio-kickboxing classes. what the ideal gym would be.
    [Show full text]