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Outline and Chart Lago Espanol.Ala.4.4.2015
The Spanish Navigations in the SPANISH LAKE (Pacific Ocean) and their Precedents From the Discovery of the New World (Indies, later America) Spanish explorers threw themselves with “gusto” into further discoverings and expeditions. They carried in their crew not only the “conquerors” and explorers, but also priests, public administrators who would judge the area’s value for colonization, linguists, scientists, and artists. These complete set of crew members charted the coasts, the currents, the winds, the fauna and flora, to report back to the crown for future actions and references. A very important part of the Spanish explorations, is the extent and role of local peoples in Spain’s discoveries. It was the objective of the crown that friendly connections and integration be made. In fact there were “civil wars” among the crown and some “colonizers” to enforce the Laws of Indies which so specified. Today, some of this information has been lost, but most is kept in public and private Spanish Museums, Libraries, Archives and private collections not only in Spain but in the America’s, Phillipines, the Vatican, Germany, Holland, and other european countries, and of course the United States, which over its 200 year existence as a nation, also managed to collect important information of the early explorations. Following is a synopsis of the Spanish adventure in the Pacific Ocean (Lago Español) and its precedents. The Spanish Navigations in the SPANISH LAKE (Pacific Ocean) and their Precedents YEAR EXPLORER AREA EXPLORED OBSERVATIONS 1492 Cristobal -
Gaytan to Marin Donald Cutter the Spanish Legend, That
The Spanish in Hawaii: Gaytan to Marin Donald Cutter The Spanish legend, that somehow Spain anticipated all other Europeans in its discovery and presence in most every part of the New World, extends even to the Pacific Ocean area. Spain's early activity in Alaska, Canada, Washington, Oregon, and California reinforces the idea that Spain was also the early explorer of the Pacific Islands. The vast Pacific, from its European discovery in Panama by Vasco Nunez de Balboa, until almost the end of the 18th Century, was part of the Spanish overseas empire. Generous Papal recognition of Spain's early discoveries and an attempt to avert an open conflict between Spain and Portugal resulted in a division of the non-Christian world between those Iberian powers. Though north European nations were not in accord and the King of France even suggested that he would like to see the clause in Adam's will giving the Pope such sweeping jurisdiction, Spain was convinced of its exclusive sovereignty over the Pacific Ocean all the way to the Philippine Islands. Spain strengthened both the Papal decree and the treaty signed with Portugal at Tordasillas by observing the niceties of international law. In 1513, Nunez de Balboa waded into the Pacific, banner in hand, and in a single grandiose act of sovereignty claimed the ocean and all of its islands for Spain. It was a majestic moment in time—nearly one third of the world was staked out for exclusive Spanish control by this single imperial act. And Spain was able to parlay this act of sovereignty into the creation of a huge Spanish lake of hundreds of thousands of square miles, a body of water in which no other European nation could sail in peaceful commerce. -
Tribal Perspectives Teacher Guide
Teacher Guide for 7th – 12th Grades for use with the educational DVD Tribal Perspectives on American History in the Northwest First Edition The Regional Learning Project collaborates with tribal educators to produce top quality, primary resource materials about Native Americans and regional history. Teacher Guide prepared by Bob Boyer, Shana Brown, Kim Lugthart, Elizabeth Sperry, and Sally Thompson © 2008 Regional Learning Project, The University of Montana, Center for Continuing Education Regional Learning Project at the University of Montana–Missoula grants teachers permission to photocopy the activity pages from this book for classroom use. No other part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher. For more information regarding permission, write to Regional Learning Project, UM Continuing Education, Missoula, MT 59812. Acknowledgements Regional Learning Project extends grateful acknowledgement to the tribal representatives contributing to this project. The following is a list of those appearing in the DVD Tribal Perspectives on American History in the Northwest, from interviews conducted by Sally Thompson, Ph.D. Lewis Malatare (Yakama) Lee Bourgeau (Nez Perce) Allen Pinkham (Nez Perce) Julie Cajune (Salish) Pat Courtney Gold (Wasco) Maria Pascua (Makah) Armand Minthorn (Cayuse–Nez Perce) Cecelia Bearchum (Walla Walla–Yakama) Vernon Finley -
WORLD CATALOGUE of THESES on the PACIFIC ISLANDS Dickson Familiarity with Theses and Dissertations on His Subject Is Essential to the Research Worker
WORLD CATALOGUE OF THESES ON THE PACIFIC ISLANDS Dickson WORLD CATALOGUE OF THESES ON THE PACIFIC ISLANDS Diane Dickson and Carol Dossor Familiarity with theses and dissertations on his subject is essential to the research worker. These usually unpublished works are not, however, normally included in bibliographies and manuscript catalogues. As early as 1955 the growing number of theses on the Pacific islands had led to a demand for a catalogue, which was partially met by the publication of an Index o f Social Science Theses on the South Pacific. The growing recognition of the importance of the Pacific area now calls for a more comprehensive inventory, covering all disciplines, which this cata logue attempts to supply. The catalogue is based on the micro film Library of Theses on the Pacific Islands maintained by the Department of Pacific History of the Australian National University, and expanded by study of all available theses catalogues and by requests for information from universities known to be interested in Pacific studies. It contains more than 1,000 entries and will be an essential aid to all workers in the field of Pacific studies. Price in Australia $3.90 This book was published by ANU Press between 1965–1991. This republication is part of the digitisation project being carried out by Scholarly Information Services/Library and ANU Press. This project aims to make past scholarly works published by The Australian National University available to a global audience under its open-access policy. WORLD CATALOGUE OF THESES ON THE PACIFIC ISLANDS Pacific Monographs This series, under the general editorship of H. -
Uvic Thesis Template
‗That Immense and Dangerous Sea‘: Spanish Imperial Policy and Power During the Exploration of the Salish Sea, 1790-1791. by Devon Drury BA, University of Victoria, 2007 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of History Devon Drury, 2010 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee ‗That Immense and Dangerous Sea‘: Spanish Imperial Policy and Power During the Exploration of the Salish Sea, 1790-1791. by Devon Drury BA, University of Victoria, 2007 Supervisory Committee Dr. John Lutz, Department of History Supervisor Dr. Eric W. Sager, Department of History Departmental Member Dr. Patrick A. Dunae, Department of History Departmental Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. John Lutz, Department of History Supervisor Dr. Eric W. Sager, Department of History Departmental Member Dr. Patrick A. Dunae, Department of History Departmental Member In the years between 1789 and 1792 the shores of what is now British Columbia were opened to European scrutiny by a series of mostly Spanish expeditions. As the coastline was charted and explored by agents of European empires, the Pacific Northwest captured the attention of Europe. In order to carry out these explorations the Spanish relied on what turned out to be an experiment in ‗gentle‘ imperialism that depended on the support of the indigenous ―colonized‖. This thesis examines how the Spanish envisioned their imperial space on the Northwest Coast and particularly how that space was shaped through the exploration of the Salish Sea. -
Chapter 5 Human Environment Appendices
Human Environment Chapter 5 © Dow Lambert Chapter 5 Chapter 4 Chapter 3 Chapter 2 Chapter 1 Human Biological Physical Management Introduction and Appendices Environment Environment Environment Direction Background Dungeness National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan Chapter 5. Human Environment 5.1 Cultural Resources 5.1.1 Native American Overview Prehistory Jeanne M. Welch and R.D. Daugherty prepared a compilation of the prehistoric era on the Olympic Peninsula as part of their background information for a 1988 survey project on Dungeness NWR (Welch and Daugherty 1988). The following information is paraphrased from their report. The five periods of occupation for the region proposed by Eric Bergland (Bergland 1984) cover approximately 12,000 years and include: Early Prehistoric, Middle Prehistoric Early Maritime, Prehistoric, Northwest Coast Pattern, and Historic. On the Olympic Peninsula, the prehistoric people are characterized as small groups of hunters and gatherers who moved around to utilize both terrestrial and maritime resources. This period on the peninsula is represented by the Manis Mastodon site (45CA218) which attests to the hunting of large game animals. It is likely that the onset of the Middle Prehistoric saw an increase in the use of maritime resources such as anadromous fish. By the Early Maritime period, proposed to have begun around 3,000 years before present (BP), the use of maritime resources was well established. It is likely that the cultural manifestations of these later prehistoric periods resembled those of the ethnographic period, but details such as the existence of villages with large, cedar plankhouses are uncertain. During the Prehistoric Northwest Coast Pattern period, which began 1,000 years BP, chipped stone assemblages virtually disappeared while large plankhouse villages became prominent. -
De Florida a Alaska: Tres Siglos De Legado Español En Estados Unidos
Policy Paper nº 12 / Enero 2019 ISSN 2444-2933 De Florida a Alaska: tres siglos de legado español en Estados Unidos POR Manuel Trillo Lodeiro UN TERRITORIO INMENSO CLAVES l 3 de junio de 1790, en una ceremo- nia con las formalidades acostumbra- Ponce de León llegó a Florida en 1513 das, el leridano Salvador Fidalgo, e inició más de 300 años de presencia teniente de navío de la Armada española en lo que hoy es Estados Española,E tomaba posesión en nombre de Carlos IV de Unidos. una desangelada y fría bahía a miles de kilómetros de la Península Ibérica. La expedición de Vázquez de Coronado de 1540 descubrió el Gran La bautizó como Córdova, en honor del capitán general Cañón y Juan de Oñate fundó Nuevo de la Marina, Luis de Córdova. Más de 200 años después, México en 1598. en ese mismo punto de lo que hoy conocemos como Alaska reposa una apacible villa pesquera, a la que solo se puede acceder por barco o avión, que conserva el nom- Con la cesión de la Luisiana por Francia en 1763, España amplió en dos millones bre que Fidalgo dio al lugar. Otros muchos topónimos en de kilómetros cuadrados su territorio aquellas remotas regiones, como Valdez, Bucareli o Re- en Norteamérica. villagigedo, permanecen también como testimonio de una época, no tan lejana, en que España alcanzó su máxima extensión territorial en Norteamérica. La Santa Expedición abrió en 1769 el asentamiento español en la Alta California, que llegó hasta las costas En aquellos años de finales del siglo XVIII, mientras de Alaska y Canadá. -
Island Bushwhacker Annual 2009
THE ALPINE CLUB OF CANADA VANCOUVER ISLAND SECTION ISLAND BUSHWHACKER ANNUAL VOLUME 37, 2009 VANCOUVER ISLAND SECTION of THE ALPINE CLUB OF CANADA SECTION EXECUTIVE – 2009 Chair Cedric Zala Secretary Rick Hudson Treasurer Geoff Bennett Banff Mountain Film Festival Lissa Zala Kari Frazer Bushwhacker Committee Sandy Briggs Lindsay Elms Rob Macdonald Russ Moir Bushwhacker Design & Layout Sandy Stewart Education Peter Rothermel Dave Campbell Equipment Mike Hubbard FMCBC Rep John Young Library/Archivist Judith Holm Membership Jain Alcock-White Members at Large Phee Hudson Russ Moir Mike Morley Dave Campbell National Rep Russ Moir Newsletter Cedric Zala Safety Selena Swets Schedule Karun Thanjavur Webmaster/Listserver Martin Hofmann ACC VI Section website: www.accvi.ca ACC National website: www.alpineclubofcanada.ca ISSN 0822 - 9473 Cover: Looking east from Springer Peak to Johnstone Strait, June 2009. PHOTO: DAVE CAMPBELL Printed on recycled paper Contents Message from the Chair Cedric Zala ..............................................................................................................................................................................................1 VANCOUVER ISLAND Colonel Foster – On a Sunny Summer’s Day Christine Fordham ............................................................................................3 Mount Phillips from Arnica Lakes Dave Campbell ....................................................................................................................4 Victoria Peak: First Winter Ascent -
SIMPLY WASHINGTON Simply Washington Is a Publication of the Office of the Secretary of State, Olympia, Washington
SIMPLY WASHINGTON Simply Washington is a publication of the Office of the Secretary of State, Olympia, Washington. January 2020 With thanks to the donors who made this publication possible. No state funds were used to print Simply Washington. For more information contact: Office of the Secretary of State PO Box 40220 Olympia, WA 98504-0220 SIMPLY 360-902-4151 WASHINGTON Front cover, left to right: Cape Flattery in Neah Bay, EB Adventure Photography Mt. Rainier National Park, DonLand Fall colors in Washington state, Suzi Pratt 2020 Washington vineyard in fall, ARSimonds Wheat fields in Palouse, Bill Perry Opposite page: Mt. Rainier, VDB Photos All images from Shutterstock.com. Welcome to Simply Washington, your guide to the many wonderful features of Washington state — the beauty, the bounty, and the people who make this such a remarkable place to live. Explore a timeline of events, the history and heritage of our First Citizens, and how Washington became the 42nd state of the United States of America. Read about some trailblazing Washingtonian women in our state’s elected offices and dive into the details of our vibrant system of self-government through initiative and referendum. Along with some fun state facts, see glimpses of our natural scenic wonders and peruse endless opportunities for outdoor recreation. Learn about world-famous Washington industries and companies headquartered here; from software and aerospace to fashion and online entrepreneurs. Secretary of State Kim Wyman Our tech-savvy residents are quite ingenious and we have leaders in biomedical research and health care, among many other fields. We are also one of the most trade-dependent states in the nation, particularly for agricultural products and transportation equipment. -
1. the History of Esquimalt
1. THE HISTORY OF ESQUIMALT Esquimalt has a long and significant history resulting in a legacy of heritage buildings, sites, structures and cultural landscapes. Before the arrival of European settlers there was a First Nations presence, with people of the Coast Salish linguistic group inhabiting the area for approximately 4,000 years. There has long been a village site near Ashe Head on the eastern shore of Esquimalt Harbour and this is where the Esquimalt Band makes its home today. Esquimalt, pronounced Ess-KWY-malt, is an anglicized version of the First Nation’s word “es- whoy-malth,” meaning “the place of gradually shoaling water.” In 1790, the Spanish ship Princesa Real entered Esquimalt Harbour under the command of Lt. Don Manuel Quimper, who named the harbour Puerto de Cordova. In 1843, Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) Chief Factor James Douglas (later Governor of the Crown Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia) visited Esquimalt Harbour with other HBC officials aboard the schooner Cadboro, looking for a suitable location for a new Fort north of the 49th parallel. Although Douglas established the new fort on the shore of Victoria Harbour, he recognized the agricultural potential of the land that is now Esquimalt. When he returned in 1848, Douglas negotiated Land Treaties with local First Nations that allowed the HBC subsidiary, the Puget Sound Agricultural Company, to establish three farms in the Esquimalt area: Viewfield Farm in 1850; and Constance Cove and Craigflower in 1853. Esquimalt possesses one of the finest, natural harbours on the west coast, and this fact was not lost on the Royal Navy, intent on establishing their Pacific Headquarters there. -
The Making of Spanish Indian Policy on the Northwest Coast
New Mexico Historical Review Volume 52 Number 1 Article 4 1-1-1977 The Making of Spanish Indian Policy on the Northwest Coast Christon I. Archer Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Archer, Christon I.. "The Making of Spanish Indian Policy on the Northwest Coast." New Mexico Historical Review 52, 1 (2021). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol52/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. 45 THE MAKING OF SPANISH INDIAN POLICY ON THE NORTHWEST COAST CHRISTON I. ARCHER DURING the second half of the eighteenth century, the Spanish empire in North America underwent a most remarkable period of expansion. While frontier colonizing and missionizing projects had not ceased even in the doldrums of the seventeenth century, limitations of manpower and financial resources prevented incor poration' of continental expanses which had attracted the earlier explorers. Spain had developed a unique settlement system, the mission-presidio, which served to draw Indians into a sedentary life and to prepare th~m for conversion to Christianity. Although this system was not always successful with the warlike and no madic plains Indians, the experience of the Jesuits and the Fran ciscans in the Californias tended to confirm accepted theories. In an effort to secure the northern approaches to New Spain, it was quite natural that the mission-presidio should be. -
Information to Users
Spanish Exploration In The North Pacific And Its Effect On Alaska Place Names Item Type Thesis Authors Luna, Albert Gregory Download date 05/10/2021 11:44:10 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8541 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6* x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Bell & Howell Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner.