Cambodia: Provincial Towns Evaluation Report Improvement Project
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Performance Cambodia: Provincial Towns Evaluation Report Improvement Project Independent Evaluation Performance Evaluation Report December 2014 CambodiaCambodia:::: Provincial Towns Improvement Project This document is being disclosed to the public in accordance with the Asian Development Bank 's Public Communications Policy 2011. Reference Number : PPE: CAM 2014 -19 Loan Numbers: 1725-CAM(SF) and 2013-CAM Independent Evaluation: PE-778 NoteNotessss (i) The fiscal year of the Government of Cambodia ends on 31 December. (ii) In this report, “$” refers to US dollars. Director General V. Thomas, Independent Evaluation Department (IED) Director W. Kolkma, Independent Evaluation Division 1, IED Team leader G. Rauniyar, Principal Evaluation Specialist, IED Team members P. Lim, Evaluation Officer, IED V. Melo-Cabuang, Senior Evaluation Assistant, IED The guidelines formally adopted by the Independent Evaluation Department (IED) on avoiding conflict of interest in its independent evaluations were observed in the preparation of this report. To the knowledge of IED, there were no conflicts of interest of the persons preparing, reviewing, or approving this report. In preparing any evaluation report, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, IED does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Abbreviations ADB – Asian Development Bank CSHAP – Community Sanitation and Health Awareness Program EIRR – economic internal rate of return FIRR – financial internal rate of return HDPE – high density polyethylene IED – Independent Evaluation Department JICA – Japan International Cooperation Agency M&E – monitoring and evaluation MDG – Millennium Development Goal MIME – Ministry of Industry, Mines , and Energy MPWT – Ministry of Public Works and Transport NGO – nongovernment organization NRW – nonrevenue water O&M – operation and maintenance PCR – project completion report PIU – project implementation unit PMU – project management unit PVR – PCR validation report PPTA – project performance completion report PPWSA – Phnom Penh Water Supply Authority RRP – report and recommendation of the President UMC – urban management committee WACC – weighted average cost of capital WMU – wastewater management unit WSS – water supply and sanitation WWTP – wastewater treatment plant Currency Equivalents Currency unit – Riel (KR) At Appraisal At Project Completion At Evaluation 31 October 1999 31 March 2007 31 October 2014 KR1.00 = $0.00025 $0.00024 $0.00025 $1.00 = KR3,950 KR 4,155 KR 4,076 Weights and Measures km – kilometer l – liter lpcd – liters per capita per day m3 – cubic meter Contents Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................. ............ viiviivii Basic Data ................................................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................. ................. ixixix Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................ ......... xixixi Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................... 111 A. Evaluation Purpose and Process ......................................................................... 1 B. Expected Results and Project Objectives ............................................................. 3 C. Project Completion and Validation Reports Assessment .................................... 3 Chapter 2: Design and Implementation ...................................................................................................................................................................... .................. 555 A. Formulation ....................................................................................................... 5 B. Rationale............................................................................................................ 6 C. Cost, Financing, and Executing Arrangements ................................................... 6 D. Procurement, Construction, and Scheduling ...................................................... 8 E. Design Changes ................................................................................................. 8 F. Outputs ............................................................................................................. 9 G. Consultants ...................................................................................................... 12 H. Loan Covenants ............................................................................................... 13 Chapter 3: Performance Assessment .......................................................................................................................................................................... ....................14141414 A. Overall Assessment .......................................................................................... 14 B. Relevance ......................................................................................................... 15 C. Effectiveness .................................................................................................... 16 D. Efficiency ......................................................................................................... 20 E. Sustainability ................................................................................................... 22 Chapter 4: Other Assessments ................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................25252525 A. Impacts ............................................................................................................ 25 B. Water Consumption ......................................................................................... 26 C. Health Impacts ................................................................................................. 27 D. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice ................................................................... 27 E. Affordability and Willingness to Pay ................................................................ 28 F. ADB, Development Partners, and Borrower Performance ................................. 29 G. Technical Assistance......................................................................................... 30 Chapter 5: Issues, Lessons, and FollowFollow----UpUp Actions .............................................................................................................................31.. 313131 A. Issues ............................................................................................................... 31 B. Lessons ............................................................................................................ 33 C. Follow-up Actions ............................................................................................ 33 Appendixes 1. Project Framework 37 2. Project Costs at Appraisal, Reappraisal, and Completion 43 3. Economic and Financial Analysis 44 4. A Sample Survey of Project Beneficiaries and Nonbeneficiaries 46 5. Suggested List of Actions for the Government of Cambodia 61 Supplementary Appendixes (Available on request) A. Technical Evaluation of the Provincial Towns Improvement Project B. Summary of Physical Accomplishments under the Project C. Status of Compliance with Loan Covenants D. Economic and Financial Analysis Acknowledgments This report is a product of the Independent Evaluation Department (IED) of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Ganesh Rauniyar, Principal Evaluation Specialist, led the evaluation, with support from Patricia Lim (Evaluation Officer) and Valerie Anne Melo-Cabuang (Senior Evaluation Assistant). The team acknowledges the valuable inputs from consultants recruited for this study—Tse Yau Shing and Bunrith Seng. The evaluation team acknowledges the support provided by the Cambodia Resident Mission. The team benefited from discussions with officials of the Government of Cambodia, particularly senior project management staff at the two central executing agencies—the Ministry of Industry, Mines, and Energy; and the Ministry of Public Works and Transport, and with other development partners active in water supply and sanitation in Cambodia during the field visit. The team is also grateful to staff of the provincial waterworks, the wastewater treatment plant, and Cambrew for sharing their experiences and candid views on project design and implementation and for providing support during the field visit. Feedback from sample respondents of the four provincial towns who participated in the willingness-to-pay and knowledge-attitude-practice survey strengthened the study. The report was peer