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Rural Development for Cambodia Key Issues and Constraints
Rural Development for Cambodia Key Issues and Constraints Cambodia’s economic performance over the past decade has been impressive, and poverty reduction has made significant progress. In the 2000s, the contribution of agriculture and agro-industry to overall economic growth has come largely through the accumulation of factors of production—land and labor—as part of an extensive growth of activity, with productivity modestly improving from very low levels. Despite these generally positive signs, there is justifiable concern about Cambodia’s ability to seize the opportunities presented. The concern is that the existing set of structural and institutional constraints, unless addressed by appropriate interventions and policies, will slow down economic growth and poverty reduction. These constraints include (i) an insecurity in land tenure, which inhibits investment in productive activities; (ii) low productivity in land and human capital; (iii) a business-enabling environment that is not conducive to formalized investment; (iv) underdeveloped rural roads and irrigation infrastructure; (v) a finance sector that is unable to mobilize significant funds for agricultural and rural development; and (vi) the critical need to strengthen public expenditure management to optimize scarce resources for effective delivery of rural services. About the Asian Development Bank ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its Rural Development developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.8 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 903 million for Cambodia struggling on less than $1.25 a day. -
The Provincial Business Environment Scorecard in Cambodia
The Provincial Business Environment Scorecard in Cambodia A Measure of Economic Governance and Regulatory Policy November 2009 PBES 2009 | 1 The Provincial Business Environment Scorecard1 in Cambodia A Measure of Economic Governance and Regulatory Policy November 2009 1 The Provincial Business Environment Scorecard (PBES) is a partnership between the International Finance Corporation and the donors of the MPDF Trust Fund (the European Union, Finland, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Switzerland), and The Asia Foundation, with funding support from Danida, DFID and NZAID, the Multi-Donor Livelihoods Facility. PBES 2009 | 3 PBES 2009 | 4 Table of Contents List of Tables ..........................................................................................................................................................iii List of Figures .........................................................................................................................................................iv Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................................v Acknowledgments .....................................................................................................................................................vi 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 1. PBES Scorecard and Sub-indices .......................................................................................... -
Promoting Sustainable Agriculture in Samroung Commune, Prey Chhor District, Kampong Cham Province Through Network of RCE Greater Phnom Penh
Promoting Sustainable Agriculture in Samroung Commune, Prey Chhor District, Kampong Cham Province through Network of RCE Greater Phnom Penh Saruom RAN Cambodia Branch, Institute of Environment Rehabilitation and Conservation, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Email: [email protected] Kanako KOBAYASHI Extension Center, Institute of Environment Rehabilitation and Conservation, Tokyo, Japan Lalita SIRIWATTANANON Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand / Southeast Asia Office, Institute of Environment Rehabilitation and Conservation, Pathum Thani, Thailand Machito MIHARA Institute of Environment Rehabilitation and Conservation, Tokyo, Japan / Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan Bunthan NGO Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia / Institute of Environment Rehabilitation and Conservation, Tokyo, Japan Abstract: Agriculture is one of the important sectors in Cambodia, as more than 70 percent of populations are engaging in the agricultural sector. Phnom Penh is the capital of Cambodia having more than 1.3 million people. RCE Greater Phnom Penh (RCE GPP) was established in December 2009 to promote ESD in Cambodia. RCE Greater Phnom Penh covers not only Phnom Penh but also surrounding provinces, such as Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Speu, Kandal, Prey Veng and Takeo. Recently, in Kampong Cham province of Cambodia, subsistence agriculture tends to be converted to mono-culture. Also, more that 60 percent of farmers have been applying agricultural chemicals without understanding the impact on health and food safety. It is necessary to promote and enhance the understanding of sustainable agriculture among local people including farmers and elementary school students, as the students are the successors of local farmers. So, attention has been paid to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in the agricultural sector for achieving food safety, conserving environment and reducing expense for agricultural chemicals in Kampong Cham province. -
Integrated Urban Environmental Management in the Tonle Sap Basin (Financed by the Technical Assistance Special Fund)
Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 42285 June 2014 Kingdom of Cambodia: Integrated Urban Environmental Management in the Tonle Sap Basin (Financed by the Technical Assistance Special Fund) Prepared by ICF-GHK, United Kingdom, TanCons Co., Ltd., Cambodia, and Key Consultants, Cambodia For the Ministry of Public Works and Transport This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Integrated Environmental Management in the Tonle Sap Basin ADB TA 7986 CAM Ministry of Public Works and Transport, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Final Report Volume 6 Poverty and Social Analysis June 2014 KEY CONSULTANTS (CAMBODIA) Integrated Urban Environmental Management in the Tonle Sap Basin Poverty and Social Analysis Final Report June 2014 Contents 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose and Scope of the Report ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 The Project ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 Link with Country Partner Strategy and Country Poverty -
Cambodia Msme 2/Bee Project Quarterly Report No. 15 (April 1 – June 30, 2012)
s page left intentionally blank for double-sided printing. CAMBODIA MSME 2/BEE PROJECT QUARTERLY REPORT NO. 15 (APRIL 1 – JUNE 30, 2012) TASK ORDER NO. 04 JULY 31, 2012 JANUARY 31, 2011 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International ThisDevelopment. publication It was was produced prepared for by reviewDAI. by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by DAI. This page left intentionally blank for double-sided printing. USAID Cambodia MSME2/BEE Project Quarterly Report No. 15 Task Order No. 4 Program Title: Strengthening Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Cambodia Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/Cambodia Contract Number: EEM-I-00-07-00009-00/04 Contractor: DAI Date of Publication: July 31, 2012 Author: Cambodia MSME 2/BEE Project The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 8 Background ..................................................................................................................... 8 Project Objectives and Approach .................................................................................... 9 Summary of Project Highlights This Quarter ................................................................. 10 Component 1 - Strengthening Value Chains ........................................ -
Collaborative Exploration of Solanaceae Vegetable Genetic Resources in Southern Cambodia, 2017
〔AREIPGR Vol. 34 : 102-117, 2018〕 doi:10.24514/00001134 Original Paper Collaborative Exploration of Solanaceae Vegetable Genetic Resources in Southern Cambodia, 2017 Hiroshi MATSUNAGA 1), Makoto YOKOTA 2), Mat LEAKHENA 3), Sakhan SOPHANY 3) 1) Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, NARO, Kusawa 360, Ano, Tsu, Mie 514-2392, Japan 2) Kochi Agriculture Research Center, 1100, Hataeda, Nangoku, Kochi 783-0023, Japan 3) Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, National Road 3, Prateahlang, Dangkor, P. O. Box 01, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Communicated by K. FUKUI (Genetic Resources Center, NARO) Received Nov. 1, 2018, Accepted Dec. 14, 2018 Corresponding author: H. MATSUNAGA (Email: [email protected]) Summary The National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) and the Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI) have collaborated since 2014 under the Plant Genetic Resources in Asia (PGRAsia) project to survey the vegetable genetic resources available in Cambodia. As part of this project, three field surveys of Solanaceae crops were conducted in November 2014, 2015 and 2016 in western, eastern and northern Cambodia, respectively. In November 2017, we conducted a fourth field survey in southern Cambodia, including the Svay Rieng, Prey Veng, Kandal, Kampong Speu, Kou Kong, Sihanoukville, Kampot and Takeo provinces. We collected 56 chili pepper (20 Capsicum annuum, 36 C. frutescens) and 4 eggplant (4 Solanum spp.) fruit samples from markets, farmers’ yards, farmers’ fields and an open space. After harvesting seeds from the collected fruits, the seeds were divided equally and half were conserved in the CARDI and the other half were transferred to the Genetic Resource Center, NARO using the standard material transfer agreement (SMTA). -
Urbanising Disaster Risk
Ben Flower and Matt Fortnam URBANISING DISASTER RISK PEOPLE IN NEED IN PEOPLE VULNERABILITY OF THE URBAN POOR IN CAMBODIA TO FLOODING AND OTHER HAZARDS Copyright © People in Need 2015. Reproduction is permitted providing the source is visibly credited. This report has been published by People in Need mission in Cambodia and is part of “Building Disaster Ressilient Communities in Cambodia II“- project funded by Disaster Preparedness Program of Eureopan Commission Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection (DIPECHO). The project is implemented by a consortium of five international organisations: ActionAid, DanChurchAid/ Christian Aid, Oxfam, People in Need and Save the Children. Disclaimer This document covers humanitarian aid activities implemented with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Union, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. Acknowledgment People in Need would like to thank all the organisations and individuals which provided Piotr Sasin support and input throughout the research of this report. In particular we want to Country Director thank: National Committee for Disaster Management, Municipality of Phnom Penh, People in Need Municipality of Kampong Cham, Japan International Coopeation Agency, Mekong River Cambodia Commission, Urban Poor Women Development, Community Development Fund and June 2015 Sahmakum Teang Tnaut. Our special thanks go to urban -
44321-013: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector
Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 44321-013 November 2019 Cambodia: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector Development Program Loans 3006/3007/8271-CAM Grants 0349/0350-CAM Prepared by Ministry of Economy and Finance for the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation Religion King Ministry of Economy and Finance Climate-Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector Development Program ADB Loans 3006/3007/8271 and Grants 0349/0350-CAM Initial Environmental Examination for Establishment of Paddy Drying and Storage Facility at Phou Poy Rice Mill in Chumnik Village, Anlong Vil Commune, Sangkae District, Battambang Province November 2019 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (November 2019) Currency Unit – riel (KR) KR1.00 = $0.00025 $1.00 = KR4, 000 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank CLAC Commune Land Acquisition Committee DD & CS Detailed Design and Construction Supervision EHS Environmental, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan -
A Future for Cambodia's Children: My Journey to the Villages of Battambang Cerise Fritsch
Public Interest Law Reporter Volume 13 Article 6 Issue 2 Spring 2008 2008 A Future for Cambodia's Children: My Journey to the Villages of Battambang Cerise Fritsch Follow this and additional works at: http://lawecommons.luc.edu/pilr Part of the Human Rights Law Commons Recommended Citation Cerise Fritsch, A Future for Cambodia's Children: My Journey to the Villages of Battambang, 13 Pub. Interest L. Rptr. 141 (2008). Available at: http://lawecommons.luc.edu/pilr/vol13/iss2/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by LAW eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Public Interest Law Reporter by an authorized administrator of LAW eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Fritsch: A Future for Cambodia's Children: My Journey to the Villages of B No. 2 * Spring 2008 A FUTURE FOR CAMBODIA'S CHILDREN: MY JOURNEY TO THE VILLAGES OF BATTAMBANG by CERISE FRITSCH my knowledge of the school in the United States and M lawsy first affecting year of lawchildren in conflict with the law in Cambodia proved inadequate in preparing me for my journey to the northeastern villages of Cambodia, a country marked by a history of civil war, turmoil and genocide by the Khmer Rouge. In a Battambang Province court room, a 9-year-old boy sat next to his brother, swaying his feet back and forth. He appeared small for his age, his clothes were torn and stained, his bare feet were infected with sores, and his head 141 Published by LAW eCommons, 2008 1 Public Interest Law Reporter, Vol. -
Final Evaluation by a Team of External Consultants
IPEC Evaluation Support to the Cambodian National Plan of Action on the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour: A Time-Bound Approach CMB/04/51/USA P.270.16.316.050 An independent final evaluation by a team of external consultants Geographical Coverage: Cambodia—National level and selected regions: Banteay Meanchey, Kampong Cham, Kampot, Kep, Phnom Penh, Siem Reap May 2009 This document has not been professionally edited. IPEC/EVAL/2010/2 NOTE ON THE EVALUATION PROCESS AND REPORT This independent evaluation was managed by ILO-IPEC’s Design, Evaluation and Documentation Section (DED) following a consultative and participatory approach. DED has ensured that all major stakeholders were consulted and informed throughout the evaluation and that the evaluation was carried out to highest degree of credibility and independence and in line with established evaluation standards. The evaluation was carried out by a team of external consultants 1. The field mission took place in March 2009. The opinions and recommendations included in this report are those of the authors and as such serve as an important contribution to learning and planning without necessarily constituting the perspective of the ILO or any other organization involved in the project. Funding for this project evaluation was provided by the United States Department of Labor. This report does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the United States Department of Labor nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the United States Government. 1 Team Leader: Sandy Wark Team Members: Melvin Angelo Diaz - Sok Somith Direct Beneficiary Impact Survey: Dr. -
Committee Set to Tackle Crowding in Prisons Voun Dara Paign [As It Goes Forward],” He Said
R 3420 E MB U N SSUE I WEDNESDAY, MAY 13, 2020 Intelligent . In-depth . Independent www.phnompenhpost.com 4000 RIEL MONDULKIRI UNDP, KE TO TRAIN ReTRENCHmeNTS TOURISM PLAN KINGDOM’s yOUNG FOR INDONESIA’S TO GO FORWARD ENTREPRENEURS TEXTILE SECTOR NATIONAL – page 4 BUSINESS – page 6 WORLD – pAGE 10 Soldier kills wife, woman, commits suicide Kim Sarom Kan and his deceased wife as 50-year- five grandchildren as hostages. Kan was unaware that the woman up” and fatally shot himself. old Nget Ren. The second victim was When Kan entered a different and her grandchildren had escaped Beng commune police chief Chhoe- A SOLDIER shot and killed his wife 30-year-old Lach Taingsmak. room of the house, the woman the house. ung Chbab said on Tuesday that a Bri- and that of another soldier on Mon- Kan belonged to Battalion 243 of escaped with her grandchildren and At around 7pm, soldiers broke into gade 243 report said Kan had driven Ren day before fleeing to a forest on foot Intervention Brigade 4. reported the incident to the police. the house only to find Kan missing. to Taingsmak’s home on Monday. and eventually killing himself in a “The soldier fatally shot himself Phin said after receiving the They then searched the nearby forest. According to the report, Kan could be standoff with the military. because he refused to surrender him- report, soldiers from Battalion 243 The search for Kan continued until heard arguing with Ren, and a few The crime took place at Interven- self to the unit,” Phin said. -
Cambodia Labour Standards in the Garment Supply Chain
Country study Cambodia Labour Standards in the Garment Supply Chain Strategic Partnership for Garment Supply Chain Transformation COUNTRY STUDY CAMBODIA 2016 Labour Standards in the Garment Supply Chain By Jeroen Merk, with inputs from Veasna Nuon Country study Cambodia - Labour standards in the garment supply chain 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 4 2. Country Information 6 2.1 General country information 7 2.2 Economic indicators 7 2.3 Social, political and governance indicators 8 2.4 General Human Rights Situation 9 3. Stakeholders 10 3.1 Government institutions 11 3.2 Employer organisation 11 3.3 Trade unions 11 3.4 Labour NGOs 12 3.5 Gender focus and women groups 14 3.6 Brands and factories 14 4. The garment industry 16 4.1 Organisation of the garment industry 17 5. Industrial Relations 20 5.1 Union density in country 21 5.2 Collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) 21 5.3 Labour Dispute Resolution Process 22 5.4 Social dialogue on the national and sectoral level 22 6. Implementation of the core labour standards 24 A. Employment is freely chosen 26 B. No discrimination in employment 26 C. No exploitation of child labour 27 D. Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining 28 E. Payment of a living wage 30 F. No excessive working hours 32 G. Safe and healthy working conditions 33 H. Legally-binding employment relationship 35 7. Possible areas of ‘intervention’ 36 7.1 Living wage 37 7.2 Freedom of association and right to collective bargaining. 39 7.3 Gender-based violence 40 Appendix List of interviews 42 Country study Cambodia - Labour standards in the garment supply chain 3 1.