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Identity, Authority and Myth-Making: Politically-Motivated Prisoners and the Use of Music During the Northern Irish Conflict, 1962 - 2000
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Queen Mary Research Online Identity, authority and myth-making: Politically-motivated prisoners and the use of music during the Northern Irish conflict, 1962 - 2000 Claire Alexandra Green Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 I, Claire Alexandra Green, confirm that the research included within this thesis is my own work or that where it has been carried out in collaboration with, or supported by others, that this is duly acknowledged below and my contribution indicated. Previously published material is also acknowledged below. I attest that I have exercised reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and does not to the best of my knowledge break any UK law, infringe any third party’s copyright or other Intellectual Property Right, or contain any confidential material. I accept that the College has the right to use plagiarism detection software to check the electronic version of the thesis. I confirm that this thesis has not been previously submitted for the award of a degree by this or any other university. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. Signature: Date: 29/04/19 Details of collaboration and publications: ‘It’s All Over: Romantic Relationships, Endurance and Loyalty in the Songs of Northern Irish Politically-Motivated Prisoners’, Estudios Irlandeses, 14, 70-82. 2 Abstract. In this study I examine the use of music by and in relation to politically-motivated prisoners in Northern Ireland, from the mid-1960s until 2000. -
Thatcher, Northern Ireland and Anglo-Irish Relations, 1979-1990
From ‘as British as Finchley’ to ‘no selfish strategic interest’: Thatcher, Northern Ireland and Anglo-Irish Relations, 1979-1990 Fiona Diane McKelvey, BA (Hons), MRes Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences of Ulster University A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Ulster University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2018 I confirm that the word count of this thesis is less than 100,000 words excluding the title page, contents, acknowledgements, summary or abstract, abbreviations, footnotes, diagrams, maps, illustrations, tables, appendices, and references or bibliography Contents Acknowledgements i Abstract ii Abbreviations iii List of Tables v Introduction An Unrequited Love Affair? Unionism and Conservatism, 1885-1979 1 Research Questions, Contribution to Knowledge, Research Methods, Methodology and Structure of Thesis 1 Playing the Orange Card: Westminster and the Home Rule Crises, 1885-1921 10 The Realm of ‘old unhappy far-off things and battles long ago’: Ulster Unionists at Westminster after 1921 18 ‘For God's sake bring me a large Scotch. What a bloody awful country’: 1950-1974 22 Thatcher on the Road to Number Ten, 1975-1979 26 Conclusion 28 Chapter 1 Jack Lynch, Charles J. Haughey and Margaret Thatcher, 1979-1981 31 'Rise and Follow Charlie': Haughey's Journey from the Backbenches to the Taoiseach's Office 34 The Atkins Talks 40 Haughey’s Search for the ‘glittering prize’ 45 The Haughey-Thatcher Meetings 49 Conclusion 65 Chapter 2 Crisis in Ireland: The Hunger Strikes, 1980-1981 -
Dziadok Mikalai 1'St Year Student
EUROPEAN HUMANITIES UNIVERSITY Program «World Politics and economics» Dziadok Mikalai 1'st year student Essay Written assignment Course «International relations and governances» Course instructor Andrey Stiapanau Vilnius, 2016 The Troubles (Northern Ireland conflict 1969-1998) Plan Introduction 1. General outline of a conflict. 2. Approach, theory, level of analysis (providing framework). Providing the hypothesis 3. Major actors involved, definition of their priorities, preferences and interests. 4. Origins of the conflict (historical perspective), major actions timeline 5. Models of conflicts, explanations of its reasons 6. Proving the hypothesis 7. Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Northern Ireland conflict, called “the Troubles” was the most durable conflict in the Europe since WW2. Before War in Donbass (2014-present), which lead to 9,371 death up to June 3, 20161 it also can be called the bloodiest conflict, but unfortunately The Donbass War snatched from The Troubles “the victory palm” of this dreadful competition. The importance of this issue, however, is still essential and vital because of challenges Europe experience now. Both proxy war on Donbass and recent terrorist attacks had strained significantly the political atmosphere in Europe, showing that Europe is not safe anymore. In this conditions, it is necessary for us to try to assume, how far this insecurity and tensions might go and will the circumstances and the challenges of a international relations ignite the conflict in Northern Ireland again. It also makes sense for us to recognize that the Troubles was also a proxy war to a certain degree 23 Sources, used in this essay are mostly mass-media articles, human rights observers’ and international organizations reports, and surveys made by political scientists on this issue. -
In Defense of Propaganda: the Republican Response to State
IN DEFENSE OF PROPAGANDA: THE REPUBLICAN RESPONSE TO STATE CREATED NARRATIVES WHICH SILENCED POLITICAL SPEECH DURING THE NORTHERN IRISH CONFLICT, 1968-1998 A thesis presented to The Honors Tutorial College Ohio University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation from the Honors Tutorial College with a Degree of Bachelor of Science in Journalism By Selina Nadeau April 2017 1 This thesis is approved by The Honors Tutorial College and the Department of Journalism Dr. Aimee Edmondson Professor, Journalism Thesis Adviser Dr. Bernhard Debatin Director of Studies, Journalism Dr. Jeremy Webster Dean, Honors Tutorial College 2 Table of Contents 1. History 2. Literature Review 2.1. Reframing the Conflict 2.2.Scholarship about Terrorism in Northern Ireland 2.3.Media Coverage of the Conflict 3. Theoretical Frameworks 3.1.Media Theory 3.2.Theories of Ethnic Identity and Conflict 3.3.Colonialism 3.4.Direct rule 3.5.British Counterterrorism 4. Research Methods 5. Researching the Troubles 5.1.A student walks down the Falls Road 6. Media Censorship during the Troubles 7. Finding Meaning in the Posters from the Troubles 7.1.Claims of Abuse of State Power 7.1.1. Social, political or economic grievances 7.1.2. Criticism of Government Officials 7.1.3. Criticism of the police, army or security forces 7.1.4. Criticism of media or censorship of media 7.2.Calls for Peace 7.2.1. Calls for inclusive all-party peace talks 7.2.2. British withdrawal as the solution 7.3.Appeals to Rights, Freedom, or Liberty 7.3.1. Demands of the Civil Rights Movement 7.3.2. -
When Art Becomes Political: an Analysis of Irish Republican Murals 1981 to 2011
Providence College DigitalCommons@Providence History & Classics Undergraduate Theses History & Classics 12-15-2018 When Art Becomes Political: An Analysis of Irish Republican Murals 1981 to 2011 Maura Wester Providence College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/history_undergrad_theses Part of the Cultural History Commons, and the European History Commons Wester, Maura, "When Art Becomes Political: An Analysis of Irish Republican Murals 1981 to 2011" (2018). History & Classics Undergraduate Theses. 6. https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/history_undergrad_theses/6 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the History & Classics at DigitalCommons@Providence. It has been accepted for inclusion in History & Classics Undergraduate Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Providence. For more information, please contact [email protected]. When Art Becomes Political: An Analysis of Irish Republican Murals 1981 to 2011 by Maura Wester HIS 490 History Honors Thesis Department of History and Classics Providence College Fall 2018 For my Mom and Dad, who encouraged a love of history and showed me what it means to be Irish-American. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………… 1 Outbreak of The Troubles, First Murals CHAPTER ONE …………………………………………………………………….. 11 1981-1989: The Hunger Strike, Republican Growth and Resilience CHAPTER TWO ……………………………………………………………………. 24 1990-1998: Peace Process and Good Friday Agreement CHAPTER THREE ………………………………………………………………… 38 The 2000s/2010s: Murals Post-Peace Agreement CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………… 59 BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………………… 63 iv 1 INTRODUCTION For nearly thirty years in the late twentieth century, sectarian violence between Irish Catholics and Ulster Protestants plagued Northern Ireland. Referred to as “the Troubles,” the violence officially lasted from 1969, when British troops were deployed to the region, until 1998, when the peace agreement, the Good Friday Agreement, was signed. -
Bridie O'byrne
INTERVIEWS We moved then from Castletown Cross to Dundalk. My father was on the Fire Brigade in Dundalk and we had to move into town and we Bridie went to the firemen’s houses in Market Street. Jack, my eldest brother, was in the army at the time and as my father grew older Jack O’Byrne eventually left the army. He got my father’s job in the Council driving on the fire brigade and nee Rooney, steamroller and things. boRn Roscommon, 1919 Then unfortunately in 1975 a bomb exploded in ’m Bridie O’Byrne - nee Crowes Street (Dundalk). I was working in the Echo at the time and I was outside the Jockeys Rooney. I was born in (pub) in Anne Street where 14 of us were going Glenmore, Castletown, out for a Christmas drink. It was about five minutes to six and the bomb went off. At that in Roscommon 90 time I didn’t know my brother was involved in years ago 1 . My it. We went home and everyone was talking Imother was Mary Harkin about the bomb and the bomb. The following day myself and my youngest son went into town from Roscommon and my to get our shopping. We went into Kiernan’s first father was Patrick Rooney to order the turkey and a man there asked me from Glenmore. I had two how my brother was and, Lord have mercy on Jack, he had been sick so I said, “Oh he’s grand. “Did you brothers Jack and Tom and He’s back to working again.” And then I got to not know my sister Molly; just four of White’s in Park Street and a woman there asked me about my brother and I said to her, “Which that your us in the family. -
Conflict Theory and Northern Ireland's Troubles
The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Master's Theses Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects Fall 12-16-2011 The aP th to Peace: Conflict Theory and Northern Ireland’s Troubles (1968-1998) Ruairi Wiepking [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, European History Commons, Political History Commons, Political Theory Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Wiepking, Ruairi, "The aP th to Peace: Conflict Theory and Northern Ireland’s Troubles (1968-1998)" (2011). Master's Theses. 13. https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/13 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Path to Peace: Conflict Theory and Northern Ireland’s Troubles (1968-1998) In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS in INTERNATIONAL STUDIES by Ruairi Wiepking December 2012 UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO Under the guidance and approval of the committee, and approval by all the members, this thesis has been accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree. Approved: ________________________________ _____________ Advisor Date ________________________________ _____________ Academic Director Date ________________________________ _____________ Dean of Arts and Sciences Date 1 Table of Contents Page i. Acknowledgements 2 ii. Abstract 3 1. -
The IRA's Hunger Game: Game Theory, Political Bargaining and the Management of the 1980-1981 Hunger Strikes in Northern Ireland
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons CUREJ - College Undergraduate Research Electronic Journal College of Arts and Sciences 4-2012 The IRA's Hunger Game: Game Theory, Political Bargaining and the Management of the 1980-1981 Hunger Strikes in Northern Ireland Meghan M. Hussey University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/curej Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Hussey, Meghan M., "The IRA's Hunger Game: Game Theory, Political Bargaining and the Management of the 1980-1981 Hunger Strikes in Northern Ireland" 01 April 2012. CUREJ: College Undergraduate Research Electronic Journal, University of Pennsylvania, https://repository.upenn.edu/curej/154. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/curej/154 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The IRA's Hunger Game: Game Theory, Political Bargaining and the Management of the 1980-1981 Hunger Strikes in Northern Ireland Keywords IRA, Northern Ireland, prisons, game theory, hunger strike, political science, ethnic conflict, Ireland, Great Britain, political bargaining, Social Sciences, Political Science, Brendan O'Leary, O'Leary, Brendan Disciplines Political Science This article is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/curej/154 The IRA’s Hunger Game: Game Theory, Political Bargaining and the Management of the 1980-1981 Hunger Strikes in Northern Ireland By, Meghan M. Hussey Advised by: Dr. Brendan O’Leary A Senior Honors Thesis in Political Science The University of Pennsylvania 2012 Acknowledgements I would like to make several acknowledgements of those without which this thesis would not have been possible. First and foremost I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. -
The H-Block Struggle
The H-Block Struggle https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article3010 Ireland The H-Block Struggle - Reviews section - Publication date: Wednesday 12 June 2013 Copyright © International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine - All rights reserved Copyright © International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine Page 1/6 The H-Block Struggle OVER THE PAST decade there has been a flowering of critical, unorthodox and revisionist historical writings that examine the armed conflict that raged between 1969 and 1997 over Britain's occupation of the north of Ireland âEuros" a period commonly referred to as "The Troubles." For decades historians and journalists, even those with diametrically opposed political sympathies, mostly relied on a handful of established political tropes to tell the story of the war. But the plot has thickened in recent years as a new wave of historical works, many of them by authors with personal histories in social movements, have intently shined a light on many previously under-explored aspects of the war. Veteran journalist Ed Moloney kicked off this trend towards critical reassessment with his 2003 book, A Secret History of the IRA, which looked at the rise of Gerry Adams as the central leader and spokesperson of the Irish republican movement. Maloney portrayed Adams' accession to leadership as a long march of near-Machiavellian maneuvers and backroom negotiations with the British, paving the way for a stage-managed "peace process" in the 1990s. The book was a bestseller and something of a literary game-changer. A few years later former IRA political prisoner Richard O'Rawe's book Blanketmen examined disagreements surrounding the 1981 hunger strikes, sending shockwaves through the Republican Movement and reopening discussion of that watershed event. -
A Life History Analysis of Disengaged Northern Irish
“WE’RE ORDINARY PEOPLE CAUGHT UP IN AN EXTRAORDINARY SITUATION” A LIFE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF DISENGAGED NORTHERN IRISH PARAMILITARIES By Amy Rodgers Submitted to Central European University Nationalism Studies Program In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts Supervisor; Professor András Kovács CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2012 ABSTRACT This thesis focuses on the processes that lead people to join, stay in and leave paramilitary organizations like the Irish Republican Army. Seeing as though there has been an upsurge in the amount of paramilitary activity by violent Irish Republican splinter groups since 2009, it is important to know what influenced the previous generation of paramilitaries the most. To this end, six disengaged paramilitaries were interviewed. The data shows that the combination of youthfulness and personal victimization with a social context that creates a platform for active protest will most likely lead to radicalization. Youthfulness is also an important factor in explaining willingness to join paramilitary organizations. Similarly, personal relations have a significant impact on entry decisions: most of the interviewees joined with their friends. With regards to the length of involvement the data shows that those that were coached when they first joined, stayed in the organization the longest. All the interviewees spent time in prison in the course of their involvement. While in prison, relative freedom to organize themselves played a significant role in furthering paramilitaries' engagement. Additionally, solitary confinement in combination with violent prison conditions lead to more emotional detachment and a higher dependency on glorifying violent behaviour. If individuals no longer believe in the ideology, this is a more important factor in their decision-making process than the possible personal costs of leaving. -
Uncovering Prison Stories Through Archives
PRONI EXHIBITION Through the Keyhole: Uncovering Prison Stories through Archives Date of curation: July 2018 Through the Keyhole: Uncovering Prison Stories through Archives through Stories Prison Uncovering Keyhole: the Through THROUGH THE KEYHOLE: UNCOVERING PRISON STORIES THROUGH ARCHIVES 1 2 Prisons have been a part of our local landscape the focus of imprisonment has shifted from for centuries, from the early gaols and severe punishment (everything from hard bridewells, to prison ships and the more recent labour to execution) to a desire not only to ‘H Blocks’ of the twentieth century. Whilst these incarcerate, but to rehabilitate, reform and physical spaces have a story to tell, the history educate. The records and images included of prisons is moreover about people and in this exhibition form part of our wider communities, reflecting wider society over time. community memory and reflect how prison life resonated far beyond the prison walls to This exhibition aims to tell the stories of impact families and communities, political prisoners and prison staff, using the archives and legal representatives, the security that survive in the Public Record Office of forces, human rights organisations, visiting Northern Ireland (PRONI) and the prison committees, staff associations, and pastoral, buildings which remain. It illustrates how medical and educational professionals. 3 4 1. Plan of Crumlin Road Gaol, 1842 (ANT/4/11/19) 2. Crumlin Road Gaol, Belfast, c.1960s (T2125/20/30) 3. Details of prisoner Samuel Brown, 1913 (HMP/2/6/3/1) 4. Document relating to the escape of internees, Ministry of Home Affairs, 1941–1942 (HA/32/1/769) 5. -
Ex-Combatants, Gender and Peace in Northern Ireland
PALGRAVE STUDIES IN COMPROMISE AFTER CONFLICT EX-COMBATANTS, GENDER AND PEACE IN NORTHERN IRELAND WOMEN, POLITICAL PROTEST AND THE PRISON EXPERIENCE AZRINI WAHIDIN Palgrave Studies in Compromise after Confl ict Series Editor John Brewer Queen's University Belfast United Kingdom Th is series aims to bring together in one series scholars from around the world who are researching the dynamics of post-confl ict transformation in societies emerging from communal confl ict and collective violence. Th e series welcomes studies of particular transitional societies emerging from confl ict, comparative work that is cross-national, and theoretical and conceptual contributions that focus on some of the key processes in post-confl ict transformation. Th e series is purposely interdisciplinary and addresses the range of issues involved in compromise, reconciliation and societal healing. It focuses on interpersonal and institutional questions, and the connections between them. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14641 Azrini Wahidin Ex-Combatants, Gender and Peace in Northern Ireland Women, Political Protest and the Prison Experience Azrini Wahidin Nottingham Trent University Nottingham , United Kingdom Palgrave Studies in Compromise after Confl ict ISBN 978-1-137-36329-9 ISBN 978-1-137-36330-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-36330-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016942452 © Th e Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th e Author(s) 2016 Th e author(s) has/have asserted their right(s) to be identifi ed as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Th is work is subject to copyright.