DOCSLIB.ORG

(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,118,062 B2 Yamaguchi Et Al

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,118,062 B2 Yamaguchi Et Al USOO91 18062B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,118,062 B2 Yamaguchi et al. (45) Date of Patent: Aug. 25, 2015 (54) ANODE AND METHOD OF 4/136 (2013.01); H0IM 4/1397 (2013.01); MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND H01 M 4/38 (2013.01); H0IM 6/164 (2013.01); BATTERY AND METHOD OF H0IM 10/0568 (2013.01); H0IM 10/0569 MANUFACTURING THE SAME (2013.01); H0IM 10/4235 (2013.01); HOIM (75) Inventors: Hiroyuki Yamaguchi, Fukushima (JP); 2004/027 (2013.01);s HOIM 2300/0034 Masayuki Ihara, Fukushima (JP); (2013.01); Y02E 60/122 (2013.01); Y10T Hideki Nakai, Fukushima (JP); Toru 29/491 15 (2015.01) Odani, Fukushima (JP); Tadahiko (58) Field of Classification Search Kubota, Kanagawa (JP) USPC ............... 29/623.5; 427/123; 429/218.1, 220, 429/221, 223, 229, 231.1, 231.3, 231.6, (73) Assignee: SONY CORPORATION, Tokyo (JP) 429/231.9, 231.95, 232 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this See application file for complete search history. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 1368 days. (56) References Cited (21) Appl. No.: 12/135,572 U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 6,235,427 B1 5, 2001 Idota et al. (22) Filed: Jun. 9, 2008 6,337,159 B1* 1/2002 Peled et al. ................ 429,2314 6,743,877 B1 * 6/2004 Armand et al. ............... 526,258 (65) Prior Publication Data 6,790,563 B2 * 9/2004 Ishii et al. ..................... 429,347 US 2008/0311472A1 Dec. 18, 2008 (Continued) (30) Foreign Application Priority Data FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS CN 1399363 2, 2003 Jun. 13, 2007 (JP) ................................. 2007-156410 CN 1710734. A 12/2005 (51) Int. Cl. (Continued) HOLM 4/02 (2006.01) OTHER PUBLICATIONS HOLM 4/04 (2006.01) HOLM 6/00 (2006.01) Yoshimura, JP 2007-027 105 JPO Abstract translation, Feb. 2007.* HOLM 4/1395 (2010.01) (Continued) HOLM 4/34 (2010.01) HOLM 4/36 (2010.01) HOLM 4/1397 (2010.01) Primary Examiner — Yun Qian HOLM 4/38 (2006.01) (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Dentons US LLP HOLM 6/16 (2006.01) HIM I/0568 (2010.01) (57) ABSTRACT HIM I/0569 (2010.01) A coating on an anode active material that includes a metal HIM I/42 (2006.01) salt with two or more sulfonates or a metal salt of oxocarbonic (52) U.S. Cl. acid. CPC .......... H0IM 4/1395 (2013.01); H01 M 4/0416 (2013.01); H0IM 4/134 (2013.01); HOLM 14 Claims, 11 Drawing Sheets 1 2 3 N NTNTNT Y. Ya Ya Ya Y AN. Y. N. Ya Ya N. Y. Ya Ya Ya Ya / / / / / / / US 9,118,062 B2 Page 2 (56) References Cited JP 2006-294469 10, 2006 JP 2007-027105. A * 2/2007 U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS JP 2007-149535 6, 2007 JP 2008-3O8421 12/2008 7,695,863 B2 * 4/2010 Abe et al. ...................... 429, 200 WO WO 2006/070546 * 7, 2006 ............ HOM 1040 2003. O152839 A1* 8, 2003 Kawai et al. ... 429,329 2004/0072072 A1* 4/2004 Suzuki et al. .............. 429,231.1 OTHER PUBLICATIONS 2006/00995.12 A1* 5, 2006 Nakai et al. ................... 429,246 2007/01 17024 A1* 5, 2007 Nakai et al. ... 429,246 Koch et al. Journal of Power Sources, 20, 1987, 287-291.* 2007/0122701 A1* 5/2007 Yamaguchi. 429,218.1 Korean Office Examination Report issued in connection with related 2007/0178379 A1* 8, 2007 Tamura et al. ................ 429, 200 Korean Patent Application No. 10-2008-55326 dated Oct. 8, 2014 with English translation. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Chinese Office Examination Report issued in connection with related Chinese Patent Application No. 200810210393.3 dated Aug. 20. JP O2-262246 * 10, 1990 .............. HO1 M 4/50 2014. E. 995 3E Chinese Examination Report issued in connection with related coun JP 2002-056891 2, 2002 st CN Patent Application No. CN 200810210393.3 dated Apr. 1, JP 2003-132946 5, 2003 JP 2003-203673 T 2003 Japanese Office Action datedMar. 19, 2013 issued in connection with JP 2003-257479 9, 2003 counterpart Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-155787. JP 2005-332606 12/2005 JP 2006-86.058 3, 2006 * cited by examiner U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 1 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 F.G. 1 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 2 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 F. G. 3 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 3 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 25 14 15A 15 a 1/A444/1 K) WS S. 37.2 SN 6 Ka www.xx. 77''''SS-22 Aaaaaa N raze a 4N 17 12 1 O 1 NLR)((((((( IR`N`(((((((?N 2 3 4 NÚTÍNÚŠNÚÑIÓNÚŠNÚÑ-ÍÑIŠTŠI?NÚŠTÍTNÝTÍSTÍN NÚINTSISTNIŠTISINISTIS(NOESIÑINTIÚN N 13 s ZZZZZX SIR)()()()()()()()()()()()()()l !!!!!!!!}ì?!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 26 NR)()()()()()()()()()()()()())? !————? FG. 4 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 5 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 FG. 7 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 7 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 7 YZ 7 7 7 7 7 7 7777 V Y"Y 7 / 7 NY YNNY, NYNNNNYN N N N N N N N Y 34 FIG. 9 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 8 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 Na YaYaNYa Ya Ya Ya Ya Ya Ya YaYa YaYa Ya Ya Ya Y77 / 7. Y 7/77 7 777 / Y 7 7 Y 7 7 34A 34B 34C 34D 34 F.G. 10 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 9 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 52 55 52A 52B 52C 53 NN Y N N KN kS:, 2 SS 3 3/D2, ( ( a N NeN N N N N N N N N Naga <) 56 54 51A 51B 56 - - 51 F.G. 11 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 10 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 52 55 52A 52B 52D 520 53 giNYN W (x^N///M-SN22 TzzazeezeCN (SN) 1S N432X2, (4 NJ424 U.S. Patent Aug. 25, 2015 Sheet 11 of 11 US 9,118,062 B2 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 300 295 290 285 ENERGY (eV) F.G. 13 US 9,118,062 B2 1. 2 ANODE AND METHOD OF lithium fluoride or lithium carbonate, or an oxide such as MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND silicon oxide or aluminum oxide (for example, refer to Japa BATTERY AND METHOD OF nese Unexamined Patent Application Publication Nos. 2004 MANUFACTURING THE SAME 327211, H07-302617, H10-255800, H11-135153, 2005 026230, 2005-142156, 2005-166469 and 2006-185728). CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention contains Subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application JP 2007-156410 filed in the 10 However, with further enhancement of performance and Japanese Patent Office on Jun. 13, 2007, the entire contents of further expansion of functions in recent portable electronic which being incorporated herein by reference. devices, when charge and discharge of a secondary battery are frequently repeated, an electrolytic solution is decomposed, BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION thereby a discharge capacity easily declines. The decompo 15 1. Field of the Invention sition of the electrolytic Solution accompanied with charge The present invention relates to an anode, a method of and discharge is likely to occur specifically in the case where manufacturing the anode, a battery including the anode, and a tin, silicon or the like having a high theoretical capacity is method of manufacturing the battery. used as an anode active material. Therefore, a further 2. Description of the Related Art improvement in the cycle characteristics of secondary batter In recent years, portable electronic devices such as camera ies is desired. integrated VTRs (videotape recorders), digital steel cameras, In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide an anode cellular phones, personal digital assistances or laptop com capable of improving cycle characteristics, a method of puters are widely used, and size and weight reduction in the manufacturing the anode, a battery including the anode, and a portable electronic devices and an increase in longevity of the 25 method of manufacturing the battery. portable electronic devices have been strongly demanded. According to an embodiment of the invention, there is Accordingly, as power sources for the portable electronic provided an anode including an anode current collector; an devices, the development of batteries, specifically light anode active material arranged on the anode current collector; weight secondary batteries capable of obtaining a high energy and a coating arranged on the anode active material layer, in density have been promoted. 30 which the coating includes at least one of a metal salt repre Among them, a secondary battery (a so-called lithium-ion sented by Chemical Formula 1 or a metal salt of oxocarbonic secondary battery) using insertion and extraction of lithium acid. Moreover, according to an embodiment of the invention, for charge-discharge reaction holds great promise, because there is provided a battery including the above-described the secondary battery is capable of obtaining a larger energy anode, a cathode and an electrolytic solution. density, compared to a lead-acid battery or a nickel-cadmium 35 battery. In the lithium-ion secondary battery, a carbon mate rial is widely used as an anode active material. Chemical Formula 1 Recently, with enhancement of performance in portable electronic devices, a further improvement in capacity is 8 desired, so it is considered to use tin, silicon or the like as an 40 O anode active material instead of a carbon material (for O -C SCO example, refer to U.S. Pat. No. 4,950,566). It is because the a R3 M theoretical capacities of tin (994 mAh/g) and silicon (41.99 R2-os, S 29 mAh/g) are much larger than the theoretical capacity of n graphite (372 mAh/g), so a remarkable improvement in bat 45 |YO-R1 O/ O d tery capacity is expected.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ionic Compound Ratios Time: 1 -2 Class Periods
    Collisions Lesson Plan Ionic Compound Ratios Time: 1 -2 class periods Lesson Description In this lesson, students will use Collisions to explore the formation of ionic compounds and compound ratios. Key Essential Questions 1. What makes up an ionic compound? 2. Are ionic compounds found in common ratios? Learning Outcomes Students will be able to determine the ionic compound ratio of an ionic compound. Prior Student Knowledge Expected Cations are postiviely charged ions and anions are negatively charged ions. Lesson Materials • Individual student access to Collisions on tablet, Chromebook, or computer. • Projector / display of teacher screen • Accompanying student resources (attached) Standards Alignment NGSS Alignment Science & Enginnering Practices Disciplinary Core Ideas Crosscutting Concepts • Developing and using • HS-PS-12. Construct and • Structure and Function models revise an explanation for the • Construcing explanations outcome of a simple chemical and designing solutions rection based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends int he periodic table, and knowl- edge of the partterns of chemi- cal properties. www.playmadagames.com ©2018 PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved. 1 PART 1: Explore (15 minutes) Summary This is an inquiry-driven activity where students will complete the first few levels of the Collisions Ionic Bonding game to become introduced to the concept of ionic bonding and compound ratios. Activity 1. Direct students to log into Collisions with their individual username and password. 2. Students should enter the Ionic Bonding game and play Levels 1-6 levels. 3. Have your students answer the following questions during gameplay: 1. What combination of ions did you use to successfully match a target? 2.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Lithium Precursors on Nanoparticle Quality
    Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021 Electronic Supplementary Information Elucidating the role of precursors in synthesizing single crystalline lithium niobate nanomaterials: A study of lithium precursors on nanoparticle quality Rana Faryad Ali, Byron D. Gates* Department of Chemistry and 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada * E-mail: [email protected] This work was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC; Grant No. RGPIN-2020-06522), and through the Collaborative Health Research Projects (CHRP) Partnership Program supported in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Grant No. 134742) and the Natural Science Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. CHRP 462260), the Canada Research Chairs Program (B.D. Gates, Grant No. 950-215846), CMC Microsystems (MNT Grant No. 6345), and a Graduate Fellowship (Rana Faryad Ali) from Simon Fraser University. This work made use of 4D LABS (www.4dlabs.com) and the Center for Soft Materials shared facilities supported by the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund (BCKDF), Western Economic Diversification Canada, and Simon Fraser University. S1 Experimental Materials and supplies All chemicals were of analytical grade and were used as received without further purification. Niobium ethoxide [Nb(OC2H5)5, >90%] was obtained from Gelest Inc., and benzyl alcohol (C7H7OH, 99%) and triethylamine [N(C2H5)3, 99.0%] were purchased from Acros Organics and Anachemia, respectively. Lithium chloride (LiCl, ~99.0%) was obtained from BDH Chemicals, and lithium bromide (LiBr, ≥99.0%), lithium fluoride (LiF, ~99.9%), and lithium iodide (LiI, 99.0%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
    [Show full text]
  • S41467-020-19206-W.Pdf
    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19206-w OPEN Unravelling the room-temperature atomic structure and growth kinetics of lithium metal Chao Liang 1, Xun Zhang1, Shuixin Xia1, Zeyu Wang1, Jiayi Wu1, Biao Yuan 1, Xin Luo1, Weiyan Liu1, ✉ Wei Liu 1 &YiYu 1 Alkali metals are widely studied in various fields such as medicine and battery. However, limited by the chemical reactivity and electron/ion beam sensitivity, the intrinsic atomic 1234567890():,; structure of alkali metals and its fundamental properties are difficult to be revealed. Here, a simple and versatile method is proposed to form the alkali metals in situ inside the transmission electron microscope. Taking alkali salts as the starting materials and electron beam as the trigger, alkali metals can be obtained directly. With this method, atomic resolution imaging of lithium and sodium metal is achieved at room temperature, and the growth of alkali metals is visualized at atomic-scale with millisecond temporal resolution. Furthermore, our observations unravel the ambiguities in lithium metal growth on garnet-type solid electrolytes for lithium-metal batteries. Finally, our method enables a direct study of physical contact property of lithium metal as well as its surface passivation oxide layer, which may contribute to better understanding of lithium dendrite and solid electrolyte interphase issues in lithium ion batteries. ✉ 1 School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China. email: [email protected] NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | (2020) 11:5367 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19206-w | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 ARTICLE NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19206-w t has been a long history for the research on alkali metals1, the to control the dose-rate of the electron beam.
    [Show full text]
  • Ionic Conductivity of Solid Mixtures
    NASA TECHNICAL NOTE NASA-- TN D-4606 d./ *o 0 *o nP LOAN COPY: RRURN TO AFWL (WLIL-2) KIRTLAND AFB, N MEX IONIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOLID MIXTURES by William L. Fielder Lewis Research Celzter 3 ._i _... Cleveland, Ohio r I t , 1 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D. C. MAY 1968 ,/ I I TECH LIBRARY KAFB, NM ,lllllllllll__ .llllllllll I1111 lllllllllllllllll I 023L03b NASA TN D-4606 IONIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOLID MIXTURES By William L. Fielder Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technicol Information Springfield, Virginia 22151 - CFSTI price $3.00 IONIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOLID MIXTURES by William L. Fielder Lewis Research Center SUMMARY The conductivities of four solid mixtures were determined as a function of tempera­ ture: (1) the lithium fluoride - lithium chloride eutectic, (2) the lithium chloride - potassium chloride eutectic, (3) the lithium fluoride - sodium chloride eutectic, and (4) a 50-mole-percent mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride. Two conductivity regions were obtained for each of the four mixtures. The activation energies for the conductivity for the lower-temperature regions ranged from 14 to 27 kilocalories per mole (59 to 114 kJ/mole). These energies were similar to the cation migration energies for the single crystals of the alkali halides. The conductivity of the mixtures in the lower-temperature regions is best explained by the following mechanism: (1) formation of cation vacancies primarily by multivalent impurities, and (2) migration of the cations through these vacancies. The activation energies for the conductivity of the solid mixtures in the upper- temperature regions ranged from 5 to 9 kilocalories per mole (20 to 39 kJ/mole).
    [Show full text]
  • Download Author Version (PDF)
    Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Decomposition of Fluoroethylene Carbonate Additive and Glue Effect of Lithium Fluoride Products for Solid Electrolyte Interphase: An Ab-Initio Study Journal: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Manuscript ID CP-ART-12-2015-007583.R1 Article Type: Paper Date Submitted by the Author: 03-Feb-2016 Complete List of Authors: Okuno, Yukihiro; Fujifilm Corporation , Ushirogata, Keisuke; FUJIFILM Corporation, Research and Development Headquarters Sodeyama, Keitaro; National Institute for Materials Science, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics Tateyama, Yoshitaka; National Institute for Materials Science, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics Please do not adjust margins Page 1 of 12 Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics PCCP ARTICLE Decomposition of Fluoroethylene Carbonate Additive and Glue Effect of Lithium Fluoride Products for Solid Electrolyte Received 00th January 20xx, Interphase: An Ab-Initio Study Accepted 00th January 20xx ab ab bc bd DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x Yukihiro Okuno,* Keisuke Ushirogata , Keitaro Sodeyama and Yoshitaka Tateyama* www.rsc.org/ Additives in the electrolyte solution of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have a large impact on the performance of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) that forms on the anode and is a key to the stability and durability of LIBs. We theoretically investigated effects of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), a representative additive, that has recently attracted considerable attention for the enhancement of cycling stability of silicon electrodes and the improvement of reversibility of sodium-ion batteries. First, we intensively examined the reductive decompositions by ring-opening, hydrogen fluoride (HF) elimination to form vinylene carbonate (VC) additive and intermolecular chemical reactions of FEC in ethylene carbonate (EC) electrolyte, by using density functional theory (DFT) based molecular dynamics and the blue-moon ensemble technique for the free energy profile.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,524,737 B1 Tanii Et Al
    USOO6524737B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,524,737 B1 Tanii et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 25, 2003 (54) METHOD FOR CRUSHING CELL 5,478,664 A 12/1995 Kaneko et al. ............... 429/49 5,888,463 A * 3/1999 McLaughlin et al. ..... 429/49 X (75) Inventors: Tadaaki Tanii, Takasago (JP); Satoshi 6,150,050 A * 11/2000 Mathew et al. ............... 429/49 Tsuzuki, Takasago (JP); Shiro Honmura, Takasago (JP); Takeo FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Kamimura, Takasago (JP); Kenji Sasaki, Kobe (JP); Masakazu Yabuki, DE 4419.695 8/1995 ............ HO1M/6/52 Takasago (JP); Kiyonori Nishida, WO WO 94/25167 11/1994 ............ HO1M/6/52 Takasago (JP (JP) * cited by examiner (73) Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo (JP) Primary Examiner Stephen Kalafut (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Crowell & Moring LLP patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. (57) ABSTRACT This invention provides a safe and efficient method of (21) Appl. No.: 09/555,264 dismantling used lithium ion batteries. More Specifically, the (22) PCT Filed: Sep. 27, 1999 plastic cases which protect Sealed battery cells are removed from the system in a stable and reliable fashion. Valuable (86) PCT No.: PCT/JP99/05255 materials. Such as lithium cobalt oxide, an oxide of a lithium S371 (c)(1), tranStonition metal compound,COmpOund aluminum and copperCOoper must bbe (2), (4) Date: Jul. 25, 2000 Separated and recovered. The invention is distinguished by the fact that it entails the following processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Names and CAS Numbers Final
    Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number C3H8O 1‐propanol C4H7BrO2 2‐bromobutyric acid 80‐58‐0 GeH3COOH 2‐germaacetic acid C4H10 2‐methylpropane 75‐28‐5 C3H8O 2‐propanol 67‐63‐0 C6H10O3 4‐acetylbutyric acid 448671 C4H7BrO2 4‐bromobutyric acid 2623‐87‐2 CH3CHO acetaldehyde CH3CONH2 acetamide C8H9NO2 acetaminophen 103‐90‐2 − C2H3O2 acetate ion − CH3COO acetate ion C2H4O2 acetic acid 64‐19‐7 CH3COOH acetic acid (CH3)2CO acetone CH3COCl acetyl chloride C2H2 acetylene 74‐86‐2 HCCH acetylene C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid 50‐78‐2 H2C(CH)CN acrylonitrile C3H7NO2 Ala C3H7NO2 alanine 56‐41‐7 NaAlSi3O3 albite AlSb aluminium antimonide 25152‐52‐7 AlAs aluminium arsenide 22831‐42‐1 AlBO2 aluminium borate 61279‐70‐7 AlBO aluminium boron oxide 12041‐48‐4 AlBr3 aluminium bromide 7727‐15‐3 AlBr3•6H2O aluminium bromide hexahydrate 2149397 AlCl4Cs aluminium caesium tetrachloride 17992‐03‐9 AlCl3 aluminium chloride (anhydrous) 7446‐70‐0 AlCl3•6H2O aluminium chloride hexahydrate 7784‐13‐6 AlClO aluminium chloride oxide 13596‐11‐7 AlB2 aluminium diboride 12041‐50‐8 AlF2 aluminium difluoride 13569‐23‐8 AlF2O aluminium difluoride oxide 38344‐66‐0 AlB12 aluminium dodecaboride 12041‐54‐2 Al2F6 aluminium fluoride 17949‐86‐9 AlF3 aluminium fluoride 7784‐18‐1 Al(CHO2)3 aluminium formate 7360‐53‐4 1 of 75 Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide 21645‐51‐2 Al2I6 aluminium iodide 18898‐35‐6 AlI3 aluminium iodide 7784‐23‐8 AlBr aluminium monobromide 22359‐97‐3 AlCl aluminium monochloride
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Lithium Fluoride in Aqueous Solutions at Different Temperatures 300 K – 360 K
    E3S Web of Conferences 229, 01045 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202122901045 ICCSRE’2020 Molecular dynamics simulation of lithium fluoride in aqueous solutions at different temperatures 300 K – 360 K Abdelkbir ERROUGUI 1 * and Asmaa BENBIYI 1 1Laboratory Physical Chemistry, Catalysis and Environnement, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9972-7522 Abstract. Lithium metal is one of the most promising anodes for rechargeable batteries due to its large capacity, but its performance is plagued by high chemical reactivity, forming an unstable Li–electrolyte interface. Lithium fluoride has been recently touted as a promising material to improve this interface. Computer simulation of lithium in fluoride aqueous solution has an important tool in understanding the structural and dynamical characteristics of ionic complexes. In this investigation, the structural and dynamical properties of supersatured LiF systems have been studied by molecular dynamics simulations at different temperatures range from 300 K up to 360 K using SPC/E water model and the ions which are modeled as charged Lennard-Jones particles. The cartesian positions of each atom of lithium chloride aqueous solution are recorded at every time step of the trajectory. Therefore, the analysis of data requires to calculate the radial distribution functions (RDF) describing the structural and dynamical properties of the water and Li+ and F- ions, such as the coordination numbers, interparticle distances, self-diffusion coefficients and dielectric constants at various temperatures. Keywords: Molecular Dynamics; Hydration number; Self-diffusion coefficient; Dielectric constant; Lithium Fluoride; Energy. * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Major Factors Affecting the Emission of Dilithium-Fluoride Cluster Ion in Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry
    Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures Vol. 8, No. 1, January - March 2013, p. 359 - 366 MAJOR FACTORS AFFECTING THE EMISSION OF DILITHIUM-FLUORIDE CLUSTER ION IN THERMAL IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY JASMINA ĐUSTEBEK, MIOMIR VELJKOVIĆ, SUZANA VELIČKOVIĆ* VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia The process of generating dilithium fluoride ion from the samples of LiF, LiF/C60, LIF/LiI, and LIF/LiI/C60 using a double and a triple filament thermal ionization source for a mass spectrometer was studied. This cluster belong to the “superalkali” class that can form the building block for new nanoscale cluster assembled materials. The results show that in the case of the double filament thermal source when the solution of LiF/C60 was used the + Li2F ion was detected in the longest temperature range of the evaporation filament. On + the other hand, the best abundances of Li2F ion was obtained when the solution of LiF/C60 were loaded on the evaporation filaments of the triple filament thermal ionization source. It has also been found that several different processes are involved in the generation of + + + + Li2F by the triple filament thermal source: (1) Li2F2 → Li2F + F; (2) Li +LiF→ Li2F ; + + and (3) Li (from LiI)+LiF→ Li2F . Reaction (1) is dominant at the low temperatures of evaporation filament (Te), reaction (2) it appears at Te > 1000 ˚K, for all four above mentioned samples. Reaction (3) appears when the samples were the solution of LiF/LiI and LiF/LiI/C60 at the high temperature of the evaporation filament.
    [Show full text]
  • Preparation and Crystal Structure of a New Lithium Vanadium Fluoride Li2vf6 with Trirutile-Type Structure
    Preparation and Crystal Structure of a New Lithium Vanadium Fluoride Li2VF6 with Trirutile-type Structure Suliman Nakhal, Dominik Weber and Martin Lerch Institut fur¨ Chemie, Technische Universitat¨ Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany Reprint requests to Dr. Suliman Nakhal. Fax: +49 30 314 79656. E-mail: [email protected] Z. Naturforsch. 2013, 68b, 121 – 126 / DOI: 10.5560/ZNB.2013-2303 Received November 22, 2012 A new lithium vanadium fluoride Li2VF6 was prepared by reacting lithium fluoride LiF with ◦ vanadium tetrafluoride VF4 in a monel capsule at 500 C. The crystal structure has been deter- mined by means of powder X-ray diffraction. Trirutile-type dilithium hexafluorovanadate(IV) crys- tallizes in the tetragonal space group P42=mnm with lattice parameters a = 459.99(1), b = 459:99(1), c = 896.64(2) pm. The presence of a Jahn-Teller effect is discussed. Key words: Lithium Metal Fluoride, Synthesis, Crystal Structure Introduction as compared to the corresponding oxides for the same redox pair [6]. Numerous ternary fluorides of the formula type For lithium vanadium fluorides the following phases A2MF6 (A = alkali metal, M = main group element or have been reported in literature: cryolite type-related (III) transition metal) with larger alkali ions are known. The orthorhombic a- and monoclinic b-Li3V F6 [7], crystal chemistry of these compounds, often crystal- (II=III) LiV2 F6 (tetragonal, a mixed-valence trirutile (V) lizing in several modifications, has been discussed for structure) [8], and LiV F6 (rhombohedral, LiSbF6 more than 60 years [1–3]. There were only few re- type) [9].
    [Show full text]
  • Lithium Flouride Material Safety Data Sheet
    SAFETY DATA SHEET LITHIUM FLUORIDE 012-GHS Page 1 of 6 SECTION 1 CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION ROCKWOOD LITHIUM FOR EMERGENCY TRANSPORTATION 348 HOLIDAY INN DRIVE INFORMATION, CALL CHEMTREC KINGS MOUNTAIN, NC 28086 1-800-424-9300 704-739-2501 (8 AM5 PM MTh) (8 AM- 12 PM F) SUBSTANCE: LITHIUM FLUORIDE TRADE NAMES/SYNONYMS: None. CHEMICAL FAMILY: Inorganic Salt PRODUCT USE: Used for a variety of industrial and research applications. FORMULA: LiF SECTION 2 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION GHS Classification: Health Environmental Physical Eye Irritation- Category 2A None None Acute Toxicity (Oral) – Category 4 Lithium Fluoride WARNING! H302 Harmful if swallowed. P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously H319 Causes serious eye irritation. with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Prevention: P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. advice. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke while using this product. Disposal P280 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face P501 Dispose of contents and container to an protection. approved waste disposal plant. Response: P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. SECTION 3 COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Component CAS # % w/w Lithium Fluoride 7789-24-4 100 NOTE: All WHMIS required information is included. It is located in appropriate sections based on the ANSI Z400.1-2004 format. SECTION 4 FIRST-AID MEASURES Victims of chemical exposure must be taken for medical attention if any adverse effect occurs. Rescuers should be taken for medical attention if necessary.
    [Show full text]
  • Title the Production Research of Single Crystals of Lithium Fluoride
    The production research of single crystals of lithium fluoride : Title indebted to the department of education for the grant to the scientific production research Author(s) Kiyama, Ryo; Minomura, Shigeru The Review of Physical Chemistry of Japan (1953), 23(1): 10- Citation 19 Issue Date 1953-09-05 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/46689 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University ~~ The Review of Physical Chemistry of Japan Vol. 23 No. 1 (1953) i THE PRODUCTION RESEARCH OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OF LITHIUM FLUORIDE Indebted to the Department of Educa{ion For {he Grant to the Scientific Production Research BY RY(t K(YAMA AA'n SHIGERU MINlIMURA Introduckion It has been published in the previous reportl> that the authors prepared lithium fluoride by the double decomposition between lithium chloride and ammonium fluoride made in Japan in the solution as prescribed, and obtained transparent, colourless, single crystals of about 7cm in both diameter and height according to the modification of S. Kyropoulos schemezl from the melt, and examined some physical properties of the crystals 31. Now, the authors researched mainly the production of single crystals of lithium fluoride, and the methods of preparation and crystal growth were examined, and the large crystals were cut and polished for optical purposes such as prisms or plates, and the light transmission, clarity, and strain, etc. were tested- Preparation of Likhium Fluoride The following procedure was carried out in the preparation of lithium ftuoride- Distilled water was put in a glass beaker, and a certain amount of lithium chlor-sde was dissolved, and filtered.
    [Show full text]