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(Amphipoda, Podoceridae) Commensal with a Sea Urchin!

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(Amphipoda, Podoceridae) Commensal with a Sea Urchin! A New Species of Dulichia (Amphipoda, Podoceridae) Commensal with a Sea Urchin! L. R. MCCLOSKEy2 THIS REPORT is a description of a new species 6. Inner lobe of maxilla I fringed with 7 of amphipod, Dulicb ia rhabdoplastis n. sp. or 8 setae; inner margin of inner (Gammaridea; Podoceridae) , with observations lobe in maxilla II with long row of on its distribution, behavior, and unique com­ setae g. X enodice Boeck mensal relationship with the red sea urchin Inner lobe of maxilla I shor t and with ­ Strongylocentrotus [ranciscanus ( Agassiz) . The out setae; inner marg in of inner lobe work was done during a period of postdoctoral of maxilla II with a few bristles support at Friday Harbor Laboratories under · g. N eoxenodice Schellenberg NSF Grant GB-5531. 7. Gnathopods I and II subchelate . ... Tax onom y · g. Podocerus Leach Gurjanova's key (1951, p. 987) to the Podo­ Gnathopo ds I and II simple . ceridae lists only the three genera found in Rus­ · g. Icilius Dana sian waters. Stebbing's key (1906, p. 695) does 8. Last pair of uropods normal . not include N eoxenodice Schellenberg. Th ere­ · g. Dnlicbia Kreyer fore a key to the nine genera in the family is Last pair of uropods rud imentary . included here. · g. Paradulicbi« Boeck KEY TO THE GENERA OF PODOCERIDAE Dnlichia Kroyer, 1845 1. Antenna I without accessory flagellum 2 Body long, slender, cylindrical; first pereo­ Antenna I with accessory flagellum 4 nite the shortest; sixth and seventh segments 2. Pleon with only five distinct segments fused. Pleon of only five segments-three pleo­ preceding the telson . somal and two urosomal. Pleon segment IV · g. Laetmatopbilns Bruzelius (i.e., first urosome segment) very long and Pleon with six distin ct segments pre- narrow. Head produced in fron t. Coxal pla tes ceding the telson 3 small, not contiguous, often with spines or 3. Pleon segment 5 carrying uropods . projections. Ante nna long and slender, pe­ · g. Cyrtopb ium Dana duncl e longer than flagellum ; antenna I the Pleon segmen t 5 not carrying uropods longer; accessory flagellum very small. Mandi ­ · g. Leipsnropus Stebbing bular palp of three articles, third article shorter and narrower than second. Maxilla I inner lobe 4. Three pairs of uropod s present 5 small. Maxilla II inner lobe fr inged on inner Only two pairs of uropods present 8 margin. Gnathopo d I not subchelate ; fifth ar­ 5. Antenna I longer than antenna II 6 ticle longer than sixth. Gna thopod II in male Antenna I shorter than antenna II 7 subchelate; sixth article powerful. In female, gnathopod II simple, not subchelate. First two i Manuscript received May 13, 1969. pairs of pereopods short and weak. Last three 2 University of W ashington, Friday Harbor Labora­ pa irs longer and stronger, increasing in length tories, Frid ay Ha rbor, W ashington 982 50. Present from III to V; second article linear, fourth address: Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Bio­ logical Laboratory, W oods Hole, Massachusetts elongate. Gills narrow, bubble-shaped, usually 02543. on gnathopo d II and pereopods I-III. Mar- 90 New Species of Dulichia-McCLOSKEY 91 supial plates very broad , especially the two 1962, p. 63). Little is known about the ecology middle ones. Pleopods large, with strong pe­ of any species in the genus, and information on duncles. Uropods I and II with narrow linear, zoogeographic distribution is minimal. Ten of unequal rami. Dropod III absent. Telson oval, the 17 described species are known from depths entire. less than 100 meters; the remaining 7 are found in deeper water o- 100 meters). None TYPE SPECIES : Dulicbia spinosissima Kreyer, has been noted to be commensal, though D. 1845. spinosissima is reported from clumps of hy­ REMARKS : The genus is generally restricted droids (Gurjanova, 1951, p. 991) . to arctic and boreal waters, with the southern­ A translation of Gurjanova's key (1951, pp. most record (for D. monacantha) apparently 989-990), somewhat modified and with the being Point Conception , California (Barnard, new species included, is presented here. KEY TO THE GENUS Dulichia 1. On third abdominal segment a large, posteriorly directed, spinous keel; on last tho­ racic and first two abdominal segments a pair of spinelike outgrowths, studded with hairs D. spinosissima Kreyer, 1845 Dorsal side of body smooth . ......... .. .. 2 2. One or two of first coxal plates of male with a sharp projection 3 None of the coxal plates (in either sex) with a spinelike projection 8 3. First and second coxal plates in male each bearing a long, sharp, spinelike projection . .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. ... .... .... ... .. .. .. .. .D . bispina Gurjanova, 1930 Only one of the coxal plates, either I or II, bearing a sharp projection 4 4. Elongated sharp projection on coxal plate I in male 5 Sharp outgrowth on coxal plate II in male 6 5. Basal article of gnathopod II dilated and armed with two teeth ; external ramus of uro- pod II twice as long as peduncle :" D . arctica Murdoch, 1885 Basal article of gnathopod II slender and without teeth ; external ramus of uropod II scarcely longer than peduncle D. monacantha Metzger, 1875 6. Anteriorly pointing spine on coxal plate II in male, short, equal to about half the length of the coxal plate D . porrecta (Bate, 1957) Anteriorly pointing spine on coxal plate II in male, long, greater than 1Yz the length of coxal plate . .. .... ... ... ..... .. ... 7 7. External ramus of uropod I considerably shorter than the internal ramus ; on out- side edge of peduncle and inside edge of internal ramus, a linear row of closely arranged minute spinules in addition to coarse spines . .D. spinosa Stephensen, 1944 External ramus of uropod I scarcely longer than internal ramus ; margin of basal ar- ticles and rami of uropod I with only coarse spines D . unispin« Gurjanova, 1951 8. Eyes dark in color (red, dark brown, or black) 11 Eyes reduced, present as irregular spots of white pigment 9 Eyes fused parietally into a single eye with light pigment. D. cyclops Gurjanova, 1946 Eyes entirely absent. D. abyssi Stephensen, 1944 9. Sixth article of gnathopod II of male with two short teeth located on distal edge ; proximal region of palm without a tooth D . nordlandica Boeck, 1871 Sixth article of gnathopod II of male with two teeth, one on distal corner of palm ; the other, considerably larger, in proximal region of palm 10 92 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. 24, January 1970 10. Proximal tooth of sixth article of gnathopod II in male located near base of palm . ... .. ..... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .D. macera G. Sars, 1879 Proximal tooth of sixth article at the level of middle of palm . .D. birticornis G. Sars, 1876 11. Eyes large, protruding, of reddish or dark brown pigment. 12 Eyes very small, oval, black D . normanl G. Sars, 1895 12. In gnathopod II, proximal tooth on palm of sixth article arising from about mid- dle of article, and reaching to level of distal margin . .D. knipoUlitschi Gurjanova, 1933 Proximal tooth on palm arising near base of article, and never extending to the distal margin .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 13. Distal tooth on palm of sixth article weak; large proximal tooth strongly expanded in the middle and sharply tapered distally D. falcata (Bate, 1957) Proximal tooth uniformly tapered from base to tip; palm edge between proximal and distal teeth concave. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .14 14. Distal tooth weak; proximal tooth curved away from palm D. tuberm lata Boeck, 1871 Distal tooth strong ; proximal tooth recurved toward palm D. rhabdoplastis n. sp. Dulichia rhabdoplastis, new species paratype male No. 2) medial spines and 9 to Figs. 1-18 12 submarginal setae; inner lobe with three or DESCRIPTION: H olotype male. Body smooth, four short, blunt spines arranged medio-ter­ elongate, caprellid-like ; internal organs giving minally among 9 to 12 bottle-brush setae; palp the body a general rust-brown color. Coxal of maxilliped abundantly setose, tipped with plates smoothly rounded , without spines or pro­ two larger setae. jections. The rostral area of the cephalon visor­ Gnathopod I with dactyl finely serrate near shaped; cephalon when viewed from above the tip, and with three very small setae on the spade-shaped. Eyes prominently convex, bright grasping margin. Grasping margins of merus, red in life. Length 4 mm. carpus, and propodus abundantly supplied with Antenna I longer than body. Accessory long serrate setae. Gnathopod II robust; propo­ flagellum arising from the joint between third dus with two large teeth on grasping edge, the and fourth antennal articles. Antenna I gen­ largest one arising near proximal joint and ex­ erally unpigmented except for rust-brown distal tending to level of base of the smaller, distal portion of third article, and chartreuse proximal tooth ; dactyl when folded reaching slightly portion of fourth article (including accessory beyond tip of the basal tooth. Both teeth ex­ flagellum); pigmentation variable or entirely tending at approximately a 450 angle from the absent. Antenna II approximately half the palmar edge of the prop odus. Inside region of length of antenna 1. palm abundantly setose. Mandibular palp three-segmented ; terminal Pereopods increasing in size from anterior article with six spines; middle article with five to posterior. Pereopods I and II with a few spines. Incisor of left mandible with five teeth, scattered setae on distal articles; dactyls non­ lacinia mobilis with four, and four serrate setae serrate and weakly curved. Pereopod III with in setal row. Right mandible with five-toothed only the ischium devoid of setae; .pereopods incisor, a narrow, sharply pointed lacinia mo­ III to V possessing prominent spines arranged bilis, and a setal row of three serrate setae. in two rows on the ventral side of the carpus Molar with a long hirsute seta originating near and propodus, each spine possessing a short the base.
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