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From the Odyssey, Part 1: the Adventures of Odysseus
from The Odyssey, Part 1: The Adventures of Odysseus Homer, translated by Robert Fitzgerald ANCHOR TEXT | EPIC POEM Archivart/Alamy Stock Photo Archivart/Alamy This version of the selection alternates original text The poet, Homer, begins his epic by asking a Muse1 to help him tell the story of with summarized passages. Odysseus. Odysseus, Homer says, is famous for fighting in the Trojan War and for Dotted lines appear next to surviving a difficult journey home from Troy.2 Odysseus saw many places and met many the summarized passages. people in his travels. He tried to return his shipmates safely to their families, but they 3 made the mistake of killing the cattle of Helios, for which they paid with their lives. NOTES Homer once again asks the Muse to help him tell the tale. The next section of the poem takes place 10 years after the Trojan War. Odysseus arrives in an island kingdom called Phaeacia, which is ruled by Alcinous. Alcinous asks Odysseus to tell him the story of his travels. I am Laertes’4 son, Odysseus. Men hold me formidable for guile5 in peace and war: this fame has gone abroad to the sky’s rim. My home is on the peaked sea-mark of Ithaca6 under Mount Neion’s wind-blown robe of leaves, in sight of other islands—Dulichium, Same, wooded Zacynthus—Ithaca being most lofty in that coastal sea, and northwest, while the rest lie east and south. A rocky isle, but good for a boy’s training; I shall not see on earth a place more dear, though I have been detained long by Calypso,7 loveliest among goddesses, who held me in her smooth caves to be her heart’s delight, as Circe of Aeaea,8 the enchantress, desired me, and detained me in her hall. -
Hesiod Theogony.Pdf
Hesiod (8th or 7th c. BC, composed in Greek) The Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are probably slightly earlier than Hesiod’s two surviving poems, the Works and Days and the Theogony. Yet in many ways Hesiod is the more important author for the study of Greek mythology. While Homer treats cer- tain aspects of the saga of the Trojan War, he makes no attempt at treating myth more generally. He often includes short digressions and tantalizes us with hints of a broader tra- dition, but much of this remains obscure. Hesiod, by contrast, sought in his Theogony to give a connected account of the creation of the universe. For the study of myth he is im- portant precisely because his is the oldest surviving attempt to treat systematically the mythical tradition from the first gods down to the great heroes. Also unlike the legendary Homer, Hesiod is for us an historical figure and a real per- sonality. His Works and Days contains a great deal of autobiographical information, in- cluding his birthplace (Ascra in Boiotia), where his father had come from (Cyme in Asia Minor), and the name of his brother (Perses), with whom he had a dispute that was the inspiration for composing the Works and Days. His exact date cannot be determined with precision, but there is general agreement that he lived in the 8th century or perhaps the early 7th century BC. His life, therefore, was approximately contemporaneous with the beginning of alphabetic writing in the Greek world. Although we do not know whether Hesiod himself employed this new invention in composing his poems, we can be certain that it was soon used to record and pass them on. -
Greek Mythology
Greek Mythology The Creation Myth “First Chaos came into being, next wide bosomed Gaea(Earth), Tartarus and Eros (Love). From Chaos came forth Erebus and black Night. Of Night were born Aether and Day (whom she brought forth after intercourse with Erebus), and Doom, Fate, Death, sleep, Dreams; also, though she lay with none, the Hesperides and Blame and Woe and the Fates, and Nemesis to afflict mortal men, and Deceit, Friendship, Age and Strife, which also had gloomy offspring.”[11] “And Earth first bore starry Heaven (Uranus), equal to herself to cover her on every side and to be an ever-sure abiding place for the blessed gods. And earth brought forth, without intercourse of love, the Hills, haunts of the Nymphs and the fruitless sea with his raging swell.”[11] Heaven “gazing down fondly at her (Earth) from the mountains he showered fertile rain upon her secret clefts, and she bore grass flowers, and trees, with the beasts and birds proper to each. This same rain made the rivers flow and filled the hollow places with the water, so that lakes and seas came into being.”[12] The Titans and the Giants “Her (Earth) first children (with heaven) of Semi-human form were the hundred-handed giants Briareus, Gyges, and Cottus. Next appeared the three wild, one-eyed Cyclopes, builders of gigantic walls and master-smiths…..Their names were Brontes, Steropes, and Arges.”[12] Next came the “Titans: Oceanus, Hypenon, Iapetus, Themis, Memory (Mnemosyne), Phoebe also Tethys, and Cronus the wily—youngest and most terrible of her children.”[11] “Cronus hated his lusty sire Heaven (Uranus). -
Greek Mythology
Greek mythology Mythical characters Gods and goddesses Zeus is the king of the gods, ruler of Mount Olympus and god of the sky. His name means ‘bright’ or ‘sky’. His royal animals are the eagle and bull. Zeus’s favourite weapon is a lightning bolt made for him by the Cyclops. Zeus can be a greedy and dishonest god. If he desires something, he is unlikely to let anything stop him from gaining it. Because of this, he often lies about his behaviour to Hera, his wife. Hera is the queen of the gods and wife of Zeus. She is the goddess of women, marriage, childbirth, heirs, kings and empires. She often carries a lotus- tipped staff. Hera never forgets an insult or injury and can be cruel or vengeful. Poseidon is the god of rivers, seas, floods, droughts and earthquakes. Brother to Zeus, he is the king of the sea and protector of all waters. Poseidon carries a trident: a spear with three points. His sacred animals are the dolphin and the horse. Athena is the goddess of wisdom, intelligence, skill, peace and warfare. According to legend, she was born out of Zeus’s forehead fully formed and fully armoured. She looks over heroes such as Odysseus and Hercules. Athena is often accompanied by a sacred owl. Her symbol is the olive tree. KS2 | Page 1 copyright 2019 Greek mythology Gods and goddesses Aphrodite is the goddess of love and beauty, who can cause gods or mortals to fall in love with whomever she chooses. Aphrodite’s sacred animals include doves and sparrows. -
Cyclopes and Giants: from Homer's Odyssey to Contemporary Genetic Diagnosis
HORMONES 2016, 15(3):459-463 Historical Note Cyclopes and Giants: From Homer’s Odyssey to contemporary genetic diagnosis Georgios K. Markantes,1 Anastasia Theodoropoulou,1 Anastasia K. Armeni,1 Vasiliki Vasileiou,2 Constantine A. Stratakis,3 Neoklis A. Georgopoulos1 1Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras; 21st Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Centre, “Alexandra” Hospital, Athens; Greece; 3Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA GIANTS AND CYCLOPES adventures in the land of the Cyclops: Odysseus and his men were eventually captured by one of them, Giant is a term used to describe a legendary hu- Polyphemus, son of Poseidon. Polyphemus, who was manlike being of great stature and strength. In Greek a cannibal, devoured several of Odysseus’ men. In mythology, the giants Cyclopes rebelled against the order to escape, they blinded Polyphemus by means Olympian Gods in a battle that ended in their final of a huge pole with a burning tip after getting him defeat, this resulting in Olympian sovereignty on drunk with sweet wine offered to him by Odysseus earth. They initially appeared in Hesiod’s Theogony himself. What is particularly interesting in Homer’s as children of Gaia (Earth) and Uranus (Sky) and were narration of the scene is that he—a master of detailed described as powerful, savage and fearless beings with descriptions—does not at any point specifically state a single circular eye in the middle of their forehead.1 that Polyphemus had one single eye. -
MYTHS of CREATION the Rise of Zeus Y Hesiod Tells of the Origin
cHAPTER 4: MYTHS OF cREATION The Rise of Zeus y Hesiod tells of the origin of the universe through succeeding generations of gods. COSMOGONY: a story that explains the ³origin of the world´ THEOGONY: a story that explains the ³origin of the gods´ and their rise to power. y To explain Zeus¶s supremacy in the world Hesiod must go back to the beginning of all things, to the generations of chaos (chasm), Gaea (Earth), and Uranus (Sky). THE cHILDREN OF cHAOS y First came chaos and some understand it as the opening from which the other primordial beings arose. y After chaos came Gaea, the personification of the earth beneath us. y Tartarus is often confused in Greek Myth with the abode of Hades, but is personified by Hesiod as the primordial creature that Gaea has offspring with. y Eros also appears after chaos, the source of motion that brings sexual beings together to produce still more offspring. y Hesiod also believes that Erebus (darkness) and Nyx (night) came from chaos THE cHILDREN OF GAEA: THE TITANS AND THEIR cOUSINS y cyclopes and Hecatonchires had important roles to play in the world¶s early days. THE TITANS y Gaea first bore asexually Uranus y Then she bore her watery doublet Pontus y In sexual union with her son, Uranus, Gaea produced the six male and six female Titans, a word of unknown meaning. y cronus, who will contend with Uranus for power, is named as the last born. y Two notable Titans are the watery male Oceanus and female Tethys o Gave birth to all the gods o Oceanus is a river that encircles the world, where the domes of the sky touches the flat surface of the earth. -
Back in the Cave of the Cyclops
%DFNLQWKH&DYHRIWKH&\FORSV $XWKRU V 3XUD1LHWR+HUQ£QGH] 6RXUFH7KH$PHULFDQ-RXUQDORI3KLORORJ\9RO1R $XWXPQ SS 3XEOLVKHGE\7KH-RKQV+RSNLQV8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV 6WDEOH85/http://www.jstor.org/stable/1561773 . $FFHVVHG Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The Johns Hopkins University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The American Journal of Philology. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 132.198.157.39 on Sun, 31 Aug 2014 12:20:00 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY BACK IN THE CAVE OF THE CYCLOPS PURA NlETO HERNANDEZ It is many years now since Denys Page (1955) demonstrated how the story of the Cyclops, as presented in book 9 of the Odyssey, is the prod? uct of a conflation of two distinct folklore themes that are weil attested over a wide geographical area: on the one hand, that of the ogre-type giant who devours human flesh and is, in the end, blinded, and, on the other hand, the "No-man" theme. In his study Page highlighted certain details in which the Odyssey differs from its possible sources: examples are the substitution of a wooden stake for the metal skewer as the in- strument with which the hero blinds the monster, and the use of wine to put the giant to sleep. -
What Is a Cyclops?
What is a Cyclops? A Cyclops was a mythological creature from Ancient Greek stories. Throughout Ancient Greek mythology, there were Cyclopes. The Cyclopes (which is how you make the word plural) were giants with one large round eye in the middle of their faces. In fact, the word 'cyclops' means 'round eye'. What were the Cyclopes Like? In some stories, the Cyclopes are sort of a wild force, but not necessarily bad or good. In very old myths, the Cyclopes are the sons of the sky god and earth goddess. Cyclopes were known for being very strong, too. When Zeus became the leader of the gods, the three Cyclopes brothers gave Zeus thunder and lightning bolts. There are also stories that the Cyclopes worked with the god of blacksmithing, and lived underground hammering hot metal to make things for the other gods to use. The Most Famous Cyclops However, usually meeting a Cyclops was bad news for a hero in a story. Cyclopes were known to be violent, and not very smart. In many stories, they liked to eat humans, too! The story of how the Cyclops Polyphemus was outsmarted by Odysseus is probably the most famous Cyclops story. Odysseus and the crew from his ship ended up stranded on Polyphemus's island. They quickly realized they were in trouble. The Cyclops kept kidnapping men, and holding them in his cave. Polyphemus even ate six of Odysseus's crew! Odysseus has to use his clever thinking to outsmart the Cyclops. Odysseus and the rest of the crew sharpened a large pole, and then stabbed the giant in the eye to blind him. -
Summer Collection 2016 Brand Concept
SUMMER COLLECTION 2016 BRAND CONCEPT “I Sandals” knows how to show every aspect of you. Which may be adorable, Handsome, Elegant or smart. “I Sandals” shoes are specially designed for young ladies, As they well intergrade the latest fashion with dynamic design, exquisite details and high quality. “I Sandals” is dedicated to highlight the graceful beauty and youthful BEHIND THE NAME BEHIND THE NAME 7 Everyday is a new day MELLISA that cared for young Zeus in Greek mythology Art: Melissa/gl Color: Black platina Art: Melissa Art: Melissa/gl Color: Metal multi Color: Platina glitter 7 Everyday is a new day MELLISA that cared for young Zeus in Greek mythology Art: Melissa/gl Color: Black platina Art: Melissa Art: Melissa/gl Color: Metal multi Color: Platina glitter 9 GAIA : From the Greek word γαια (gaia), a parallel form of γη (ge) meaning "earth". In Greek mythology Gaia was the mother goddess who presided over the earth. She was the mate of Uranus and the mother of the Titans and the Cyclopes. Art: Gaia Art: Gaia Color: Natural Color: Black Art: Gaia Art: Gaia/pony Color: Platina Color: Black Art: Gaia/pin Art: Gaia/pin Art: Gaia Art: Gaia Color: Black Color: White Color: Silver Color: Platina 9 GAIA : From the Greek word γαια (gaia), a parallel form of γη (ge) meaning "earth". In Greek mythology Gaia was the mother goddess who presided over the earth. She was the mate of Uranus and the mother of the Titans and the Cyclopes. Art: Gaia Art: Gaia Color: Natural Color: Black Art: Gaia Art: Gaia/pony Color: Platina Color: Black Art: Gaia/pin -
Genealogy of Major Gods and Goddesses in Greek Mythology The
Genealogy of major gods and goddesses in Greek mythology God/goddess Description Earth GAIA (GAEA) First goddess Married her son Sky First supreme god URANUS Married to his mother Overthrown by his son The Children of GAIA and URANUS God/goddess Description Gods of Blacksmiths Forged weapons for the Olympians CYCLOPES Arges, Steropes, Brontes Giants with a single eye in the middle of the forehead Gods of violent storms 100 arms and 50 heads HECATONCHERIES Cottus, Briarieus, Gyges Locked in Tartarus by their father Forces of nature 6 sons and 6 daughters (each son married a daughter) Most important were Cronus and Rhea TITANS o Cronus overthrew CRONUS and became supreme god o Was told by his father and mother that he would be overthrown by his child, too The Children of Cronus and Rhea God/goddess Description HESTIA Goddess of home and family The first and last born to Cronus and Rhea his fatherhis DEMETER Goddess of agriculture overthrew Goddess of marriage and childbirth HERA Very jealous and vindictive Became supreme goddess after getting married to ZEUS HADES Ruler of death and the dead POSEIDON Rule of the sea, earthquakes, and horses Cronus ate his first 5 children for fear that they would overthrow him he like Ruler of the sky and thunder Tricked his father and then overthrew him ZEUS Became supreme god Shamed HERA into marrying him The Children of ZEUS God/goddess Description DIONYSUS God of wine HEPHAESTUS God of fire and metalworkers Goddess of love and beauty APHRODITE Married to HEPHAESTUS God of commerce, thieves, and athletes HERMES Messenger of the gods Goddess of the hunt and wilderness ARTEMIS The twin of APOLLO Is sometimes considered goddess of the moon God of light, medicine, and the arts APOLLO Drives his golden chariot across the sky to bring the sun Twin of ARTEMIS Goddess of WIDSOM, JUSTICE, and WAR - IN THAT ORDER ATHENA Was literally Zeus’ “brainchild” She was Zeus’ favorite God of war ARES Didn’t get along with his sister ATHENA . -
And Egyptian Magic 164
Q-CD vol 12: KA, Ch. 13: 'KA', and Egyptian Magic 164 CHAPTER THIRTEEN 'KA', AND EGYPTIAN MAGIC HOMER and the Greek tragic poets often use periphrasis when addressing people. Achilles might be addressed as "strength of Achilles." The words sthenos, is, menos, bia, each meaning force of some kind, are used, also kara and kephale, head. The Latin word vis, strength or quantity, suggests that a digamma was originally present in the Greek word is, and that it was vis. Hesiod, Theogony 332, even refers to Herakles as "is bias Herakleies", and Homer refers to Telemachus as "hiere is Telemachoio", the holy power of Telemachus. Iphi, from is, means 'with might'; iphi anassein means to rule with might. Oidipou kara means simply Oedipus, but literally it is 'head of Oedipus'. Phile kephale, dear head, is used in greeting [1], like the Latin carum caput. Vis, Latin for strength, is personified as Juno by the writer Ausonius. In the seventh book of the Aeneid, the Fury Allecto in disguise speaks to Turnus, the prince of the Rutuli, to whom King Latinus has promised his daughter. She urges him to attack the Tyrrhenians who are threatening to supplant him. An attack would have divine approval -- "caelestum vis magna iubet", the great force of the celestial ones orders it. Phaos, light, is used as periphrasis by Homer. (Odyssey XVI:23), and by Sophocles (Electra 1224). Ophthalmos, eye, is also used. If we turn to Egyptian, we find a word which seems to correspond, and to explain some important words in Latin and Greek. -
Collection of Hesiod Homer and Homerica
COLLECTION OF HESIOD HOMER AND HOMERICA Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns, and Homerica This file contains translations of the following works: Hesiod: "Works and Days", "The Theogony", fragments of "The Catalogues of Women and the Eoiae", "The Shield of Heracles" (attributed to Hesiod), and fragments of various works attributed to Hesiod. Homer: "The Homeric Hymns", "The Epigrams of Homer" (both attributed to Homer). Various: Fragments of the Epic Cycle (parts of which are sometimes attributed to Homer), fragments of other epic poems attributed to Homer, "The Battle of Frogs and Mice", and "The Contest of Homer and Hesiod". This file contains only that portion of the book in English; Greek texts are excluded. Where Greek characters appear in the original English text, transcription in CAPITALS is substituted. PREPARER'S NOTE: In order to make this file more accessable to the average computer user, the preparer has found it necessary to re-arrange some of the material. The preparer takes full responsibility for his choice of arrangement. A few endnotes have been added by the preparer, and some additions have been supplied to the original endnotes of Mr. Evelyn-White's. Where this occurs I have noted the addition with my initials "DBK". Some endnotes, particularly those concerning textual variations in the ancient Greek text, are here ommitted. PREFACE This volume contains practically all that remains of the post- Homeric and pre-academic epic poetry. I have for the most part formed my own text. In the case of Hesiod I have been able to use independent collations of several MSS. by Dr.