In Communications Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

In Communications Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications Spring 2011 Issue Published by the School of Communications Elon University Joining the World of Journals Welcome to the nation’s first and, to our knowledge, only undergraduate research journal in communi- cations. We discovered this fact while perusing the Web site of the Council on Undergraduate Research, which lists and links to the 60 or so undergraduate research journals nationwide (http://www.cur.org/ugjournal. html). Some of these journals focus on a discipline (e.g., Journal of Undergraduate Research in Physics), some are university-based and multidisciplinary (e.g., MIT Undergraduate Research Journal), and some are university-based and disciplinary (e.g., Furman University Electronic Journal in Undergraduate Mathematics). The Elon Journal is the first to focus on undergraduate research in journalism, media and communi- cations. The School of Communications at Elon University is the creator and publisher of the online journal. The first issue was published in Spring 2010 under the editorship of Dr. Byung Lee, associate professor in the School of Communications. The three purposes of the journal are: • To publish the best undergraduate research in Elon’s School of Communications each term, • To serve as a repository for quality work to benefit future students seeking models for how to do undergraduate research well, and • To advance the university’s priority to emphasize undergraduate student research. The Elon Journal is published twice a year, with spring and fall issues. Articles and other materials in the journal may be freely downloaded, reproduced and redistributed without permission as long as the author and source are properly cited. Student authors retain copyright own- ership of their works. Celebrating Student Research This journal reflects what we enjoy seeing in our students -- intellectual maturing. As 18 year olds, some students enter college wanting to earn a degree, but unsure if they want an education. They may question whether communication theory has anything to do with real life. Ready to start their media careers, many would rather focus on workplace skills than analyze issues and concepts. In Elon’s School of Communications, we strive for a balance among concepts, writing and production. All are important. Student media and organizations are terrific venues for the practice of journalism, broadcasting, pub- lic relations, advertising and cinema. In turn, this journal celebrates the life of the intellect through undergraduate research. It represents the intellectual maturing that occurs by the senior year. These published articles make us aware of the solitary hours that students spend in research and the untold hours in which student and teacher-mentor work together to revise a paper for public consumption. It’s exciting to see students conducting research in such arenas as social media and press freedom. By focusing attention on undergraduate research, this journal helps reinforce all that we think a uni- versity should be. Dr. Paul Parsons, Dean School of Communications Editorial Board Twenty-three faculty members in Elon’s School of Communications served as the Editorial Board that selected the 11 undergraduate research papers appearing in the 2011 spring issue. From more than 100 research papers written in advanced School of Communications classes, 28 were submitted to the journal by Elon communications students through the encouragement and mentoring of capstone teachers and other professors in the school. In the absence of journal editor Byung Lee, who was on sabbatical, Associate Dean Don Grady supervised the evaluation of research papers in a multiple blind- review process to identify the best student work. Professors who served as the Editorial Board were: Janna Anderson, Brooke Barnett, Lee Bush, Naeemah Clark, David Copeland, Michael Frontani, Kenn Gaither, Mandy Gallagher, Jessica Gisclair, Don Grady, Anthony Hatcher, Daniel Haygood, Derek Lackaff, Harlen Makemson, Barbara Miller, Phillip Motley, Thomas Nelson, George Padgett, Paul Parsons, Glenn Scott, Amanda Sturgill, Frances Ward-Johnson and Qian Xu. Editor’s Note Students study various subjects and acquire skills to gather and analyze information in college. In the Senior Capstone course, these students engage in a culminating experience by writing a journal article for competitive review. Through writing a research paper, students have a chance to apply their learning, collect information and data and interpret findings based on the theories they have learned. Rather than just reciting established theories and facts, they explore and acquire new data and test them against theories. This kind of knowledge production will be a great asset to students living in a rapidly changing environment, where new ideas and solutions are continuously demanded. While employing different methods and managing data, many students discover the complexity of working on a project where a straightforward blueprint simply does not exist. They notice that even though they may have come to one conclusion, a completely different outcome could have been possible with a dif- ferent method or set of data. Students often struggle in doing research because they must seamlessly integrate all aspects of their research, a daunting job for students who have not done assignments of this complexity. The law of gravity dawned on Issac Newton when an apple fell on his head. Many of the manuscript authors in this issue must have also experienced this magical moment when all pieces in their manuscript suddenly crystallized after their strenuous effort to understand data and put an accurate interpretation on their data. Although the topics of papers varied, the most popular topic related to social media, such as Face- book, Twitter and blogs. Wayne Gretzky once said something like a great hockey player will skate to where the puck is going to be, not where it has been. I am glad that our students recognized the importance of emerging social network sites and tackled this pertinent related issue that is not fully understood even by academics today. Dr. Don Grady was responsible for overseeing the review process. Without his help, this edition of the Elon Journal would not have been possible. Dr. Byung Lee Journal Editor The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications Volume 2, No. 1 • Spring 2011 Is Generation Y Addicted to Social Media? Jaclyn Cabral 5 Tweet Talking: How Modern Technology and Social Media Are Changing Sports Communication Drew Hancherick 15 Social Media Sites of Politicians Influence Their Perception by Constituents Annie Hellweg 22 Online Word of Mouth: Characteristics of Yelp.com Reviews Tiana Tucker 37 The Relationship of Online Sports Site Participation with Fan and Commentator Self-Identities Evann Clingan 43 From Policies to Punishments: The Atlantic Coast Conference and Social Networking Stephanie Oden 58 Elementary Education, There’s an App for That: Communication Technology in the Elementary School Classroom Lauren Kenney 67 Going Viral: Factors That Lead Videos to Become Internet Phenomena Tyler West 76 The Korean Wave: The Seoul of Asia Sue Jin Lee 85 Private Universities and Freedom of Expression: Free Speech on Elon University’s Campus Alexandra V. Ardinger 94 More Than the Consumer Eye Can See: Guerrilla Advertising From an Agency Standpoint Megan Wanner 103 Joining the World of Journals Welcome to the nation’s first and, to our knowledge, only undergraduate research journal in communi- cations. We discovered this fact while perusing the Web site of the Council on Undergraduate Research, which lists and links to the 60 or so undergraduate research journals nationwide (http://www.cur.org/ugjournal. html). Some of these journals focus on a discipline (e.g., Journal of Undergraduate Research in Physics), some are university-based and multidisciplinary (e.g., MIT Undergraduate Research Journal), and some are university-based and disciplinary (e.g., Furman University Electronic Journal in Undergraduate Mathematics). The Elon Journal is the first to focus on undergraduate research in journalism, media and communi- cations. The School of Communications at Elon University is the creator and publisher of the online journal. The first issue was published in Spring 2010 under the editorship of Dr. Byung Lee, associate professor in the School of Communications. The three purposes of the journal are: • To publish the best undergraduate research in Elon’s School of Communications each term, • To serve as a repository for quality work to benefit future students seeking models for how to do undergraduate research well, and • To advance the university’s priority to emphasize undergraduate student research. The Elon Journal is published twice a year, with spring and fall issues. Articles and other materials in the journal may be freely downloaded, reproduced and redistributed without permission as long as the author and source are properly cited. Student authors retain copyright own- ership of their works. Celebrating Student Research This journal reflects what we enjoy seeing in our students -- intellectual maturing. As 18 year olds, some students enter college wanting to earn a degree, but unsure if they want an education. They may question whether communication theory has anything to do with real life. Ready to start their media careers, many would rather focus on workplace skills than analyze issues and concepts. In Elon’s School of Communications, we strive for a balance among
Recommended publications
  • The Korean Wave in the Middle East: Past and Present
    Article The Korean Wave in the Middle East: Past and Present Mohamed Elaskary Department of Arabic Interpretation, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul 17035, South Korea; [email protected]; Tel. +821054312809 Received: 01 October 2018; Accepted: 22 October 2018; Published: 25 October 2018 Abstract: The Korean Wave—otherwise known as Hallyu or Neo-Hallyu—has a particularly strong influence on the Middle East but scholarly attention has not reflected this occurrence. In this article I provide a brief history of Hallyu, noting its mix of cultural and economic characteristics, and then analyse the reception of the phenomenon in the Arab Middle East by considering fan activity on social media platforms. I then conclude by discussing the cultural, political and economic benefits of Hallyu to Korea and indeed the wider world. For the sake of convenience, I will be using the term Hallyu (or Neo-Hallyu) rather than the Korean Wave throughout my paper. Keywords: Hallyu; Korean Wave; K-drama; K-pop; media; Middle East; “Gangnam Style”; Psy; Turkish drama 1. Introduction My first encounter with Korean culture was in 2010 when I was invited to present a paper at a conference on the Korean Wave that was held in Seoul in October 2010. In that presentation, I highlighted that Korean drama had been well received in the Arab world because most Korean drama themes (social, historical and familial) appeal to Arab viewers. In addition, the lack of nudity in these dramas as opposed to that of Western dramas made them more appealing to Arab viewers. The number of research papers and books focused on Hallyu at that time was minimal.
    [Show full text]
  • * (Asterisk) in Google, 6 with Group Syntax, 215 in Name
    CH27_228-236_Index.qxd 7/14/04 2:48 PM Page 229 INDEXINDEX * (asterisk) Applied Power, Principle of, brand names, 86–88 in Google, 6 102–106 Brooklyn Public Library, 119 with group syntax, 215 area codes, 169–170. See also browsers, 22–40 in name searches, 75 phone number searches bookmarklets with, 34–36 as wildcard, 6 art. See images gadgets for, 36–39 + (plus sign), 4–5. See also askanexpert.com, 93 iCab, 24 Boolean modifiers Ask Jeeves, 17–18 Internet Explorer, 23 – (minus sign), 4–5. See also for Kids, 210 listing, 25 Boolean modifiers toolbar, 32–33 Lynx, 24 | (pipe symbol), 5 associations Mozilla, 23 experts in, 91–93 Netscape, 23 finding, 92–93 Opera, 24 A audio, 154–163 plugins for, 27–29 finding, 159–160 Safari, 24–25 About.com, genealogy at, formats, 154–156 search toolbars with, 29–33 179–180 fun sites for, 162–163 security with, 25–26 address searches playing, 156–158 selecting, 25 driving directions and, 173 search engines/directories specialty toolbars with, 33 names in, 76–77 for, 160–162 speed optimization with, reverse lookups, 168–169 software sources, 158 26–27 229 for things/sites, 78 AU format, 155 turning off auto-password zip code helpers and, 172 reminders in, 26 AIFF format, 155 turning off Java in, 26 ALA Great Web Sites, 210 B turning off pop-ups in, 26 All Experts, 93–94 turning off scripting in, 25 AllPlaces, 134 Babelfish, 227 browser sniffer, 36–37 AlltheWeb, 160 BBB database, 195, 198 Bureau of Consumer Protection, almanacs, 186 Better Business Bureau, 195, 198 195 AltaVista, 148 biographical information,
    [Show full text]
  • On the Fringe: a Practical Start-Up Guide to Creating, Assembling, and Evaluating a Fringe Festival in Portland, Oregon
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Oregon Scholars' Bank ON THE FRINGE: A PRACTICAL START-UP GUIDE TO CREATING, ASSEMBLING, AND EVALUATING A FRINGE FESTIVAL IN PORTLAND, OREGON By Chelsea Colette Bushnell A Master’s Project Presented to the Arts and Administration program of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master’s of Science in Arts and Administration November 2004 1 ON THE FRINGE: A Practical Start-Up Guide to Creating, Assembling, and Evaluating a Fringe Festival in Portland, Oregon Approved: _______________________________ Dr. Gaylene Carpenter Arts and Administration University of Oregon Date: ___________________ 2 © Chelsea Bushnell, 2004 Cover Image: Edinburgh Festival website, http://www.edfringe.com, November 12, 2004 3 Title: ON THE FRINGE: A PRACTICAL START-UP GUIDE TO CREATING, ASSEMBLING, AND EVALUATING A FRINGE FESTIVAL IN PORTLAND, OREGON Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop materials to facilitate the implementation of a seven- to-ten day Fringe Festival in Portland, Oregon or any similar metro area. By definition, a Fringe Festival is a non-profit organization of performers, producers, and managers dedicated to providing local, national, and international emerging artists a non-juried opportunity to present new works to arts-friendly audiences. All Fringe Festivals are committed to a common philosophy that promotes accessible, inexpensive, and fun performing arts attendance. For the purposes of this study, qualitative research methods, supported by action research and combined with fieldwork and participant observations, will be used to investigate, describe, and document what Fringe Festivals are all about.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Materials
    FIGHT BACK WITH LOVE: Every Adult Has a Responsibility to Prevent Bullying Curriculum Materials Endorsement: The Greater Phoenix Child Abuse Prevention Council is pleased to endorse the contents of this video series. If the victim is a child--Bullying is child abuse— whether done by an adult or another child. These videos are making an important contribution to child abuse prevention. Chairpersons, April 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS BY DESIGN--How to Use these videos and curriculum materials……………………….3 Why bullying is a focus today…………………………………………………………4 The BULLY……………………………………………………………………………………….7 The VICTIM……………………………………………………………………………………10 The BYSTANDER……………………………………………………………………………13 Gender Issues……………………………………………………………………………….15 Bullying in the community and workplace…………………………………..17 Handouts…………………………………………………………………………………….…18 Resources………………………………………………………………………………….....22 Copyright, 2003. Permission is given for duplication and use of all materials for educational purposes, not for commercial or for-profit uses. Citation credit to: Maricopa County Juvenile Probation Department FIGHT BACK WITH LOVE: Every Adult Has a Responsibility to Prevent Bullying Video and Curriculum Series http://www.superiorcourt.maricopa.gov/juvenileprob/ All materials have been created and prepared by the Maricopa County Juvenile Probation Dept. through grant funding from the Offices of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. 2 By Design: How to use these videos and curriculum materials We have designed this set of videos to be as specific as possible to the behaviors and developmental phases of the two predominant age groups that fill our school campuses: the younger group, generally those beginning school through the fifth grade and the older group, roughly the middle school and high school students. Within these two groups studies have found that the discrete acts of bullying differ due to the developmental phases of the students but the goal of the bullying behavior is the same: dominance.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes Toward an Archaeology of Hallyu
    Volume 15 | Issue 14 | Number 4 | Article ID 5056 | Jul 15, 2017 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Notes Toward an Archaeology of Hallyu Mark Morris Abstract The first consciousness that a new Korean cultural wave –hallyu-- was in motion began to take shape in different forms and at different times in the rest of East Asia. It was the craze for Korean TV drama that represented a sudden apparition of something new from South Korea. Before long, however, this wave grew bigger and far more complex than anyone might have predicted, including Korean pop music and films, animation, online games, smartphones, fashion, cosmetics, etc. There have been resistances to this inundation notably in Japan, a country where several earlier mini-hallyu now seem long forgotten. Keywords Hallyu, tv drama, Korean pop, manga, film I want our nation to be the most beautiful in the world. By this I do not mean the most powerful nation. The only thing that I desire Kim Ku, 1876–1949 in infinite quantity is the power of a noble culture. This is because the power of culture both makes us happy and gives happiness to Kim Ku (1876-1949), in this rightly famous call others. to culture published not too long before his violent death, went on to articulate a vision of a Kim Ku, Baekbeom ilji (1947) Korea in which Koreans would not only be free for the first time in a long while to be Korean, Introduction but would as well project their culture out into the world. As he put it: ‘I wish our country to be not one that imitates others, but rather the source, goal, and model of this new and advanced culture.
    [Show full text]
  • “It's Gonna Be Some Drama!”: a Content Analytical Study Of
    “IT’S GONNA BE SOME DRAMA!”: A CONTENT ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE PORTRAYALS OF AFRICAN AMERICANS AND HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ON BET’S COLLEGE HILL _______________________________________ A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri _______________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy _____________________________________________________ by SIOBHAN E. SMITH Dr. Jennifer Stevens Aubrey, Dissertation Supervisor DECEMBER 2010 © Copyright by Siobhan E. Smith 2010 All Rights Reserved The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled “IT’S GONNA BE SOME DRAMA!”: A CONTENT ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE PORTRAYALS OF AFRICAN AMERICANS AND HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ON BET’S COLLEGE HILL presented by Siobhan E. Smith, a candidate for the degree of doctor of philosophy, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Jennifer Stevens Aubrey Professor Elizabeth Behm-Morawitz Professor Melissa Click Professor Ibitola Pearce Professor Michael J. Porter This work is dedicated to my unborn children, to my niece, Brooke Elizabeth, and to the young ones who will shape our future. First, all thanks and praise to God, from whom all blessings flow. For it was written: “I can do all things through Christ which strengthens me” (Philippians 4:13). My dissertation included! The months of all-nighters were possible were because You gave me strength; when I didn’t know what to write, You gave me the words. And when I wanted to scream, You gave me peace. Thank you for all of the people you have used to enrich my life, especially those I have forgotten to name here.
    [Show full text]
  • Past, Present and Future of Hallyu (Korean Wave)
    American International Journal of Contemporary Research Vol. 5, No. 5; October 2015 Past, Present and Future of Hallyu (Korean Wave) Kim Bok-rae Professor Andong national University I. Introduction Hallyu refers to the phenomenon of Korean popular culture which came into vogue in Southeast Asia and mainland China in late 1990s. Especially, hallyu is very popular among young people enchanted with Korean music (K-pop), dramas (K-drama), movies, fashion, food, and beauty in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Vietnam, etc. This cultural phenomenon has been closely connected with multi-layered transnational movements of people, information and capital flows in East Asia. Since the 15th century, East and West have been the two subjects of cultural phenomena. Such East–West dichotomy was articulated by Westerners in the scholarly tradition known as “Orientalism.”During the Age of Exploration (1400–1600), West didn’t only take control of East by military force, but also created a new concept of East/Orient, as Edward Said analyzed it expertly in his masterpiece Orientalism in 1978. Throughout the history of imperialism for nearly 4-5 centuries, west was a cognitive subject, but East was an object being recognized by the former. Accordingly, “civilization and modernization” became the exclusive properties of which West had copyright (?!), whereas East was a “sub-subject” to borrow or even plagiarize from Western standards. In this sense, (making) modern history in East Asia was a compulsive imitation of Western civilization or a catch-up with the West in other wards. Thus, it is interesting to note that East Asian people, after gaining economic power through “compressed modernization,”1 are eager to be main agents of their cultural activities in and through the enjoyment of East Asian popular culture in a postmodern era.
    [Show full text]
  • Korean Drama As Educational Tools That Develop Mutual
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 239 8th UPI-UPSI International Conference (UPI-UPSI 2018) KOREAN DRAMA AS EDUCATIONAL TOOLS THAT DEVELOP MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN COUNTRIES Farah Nabila Hamdan; Norlis Ismail UTAR [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract -- This paper presents a Korean drama as the viewers. Mass media channel that usually give educational tools for public. When the word of impact to the viewers is television. education appears, most of people will related it with books. People often to overlook it but there are many Besides influencing people lifestyle, mass ways for education besides books. Meanwhile, drama media also can educate people through the useful have been categorized as entertainment medium. knowledge that been distribute to the viewers. Purpose of this study is to changes the perception of Samsudin (2008) stated, viewers can receive lot of drama as only for the entertainment but also can be information through television because that channel educational methods. With the existence of Cultural Proximity Theory in the drama, mutual “provide culture space which have similar elements understanding can be develop within the country and in ritual, symbols and background of culture that automatically it will become the educational tool for identifies identity of the society.” This statement public. The four elements in Cultural Proximity that proved that television is an important medium in educates public while they are watching drama are the formation of society’s value and socio-culture. language proximity, visual proximity, culture proximity and value proximity. Winter This research is conducted based on the Sonata play an important role in raising up the previous research done by Aminah (2012) which tourism industry and promoting wonderful places in stated that Korean wave in Malaysia leads viewers South Korea.
    [Show full text]
  • The Korean Wave: Creating Their Model for the 21St Century?
    The Korean Wave: Creating Their Model for the 21st Century? A Global Lesson Plan Dr. Denise R. Ames Center for Global Awareness © 2017 layout design by Jeanine McGann wave graphic designed by Freepik.com The Korean Wave: Creating Their Model for the 21st Century Table of Contents 1. Introduction to Korea 2. Education: Korean Style 3. Religion in South Korea 4. The Korean Economic Miracle 5. Culinary Delights: Food in South Korea 6. Korean Pop Culture: Entertainment for a Globalized World a. History of Korea’s Popular Culture b. First Korean Wave and Television c. Second Korean Wave: K-Pop d. Critique of the K-Pop Music Industry 7. South Korea Wrap Up 2 The Korean Wave: Creating Their Model for the 21st Century? Korea is asserting itself as a major force in the world! If you don’t know much about Korea, please take notice, in more ways than one, it is a rising star on the world stage. Introduction to Korea Koreans have often thought of themselves as victims and indeed the 20th century has not been kind to the Re- public of South Korea, a small country on a peninsula near China and Japan. In 1910 it was invaded by Japan, which continued to occupy and exploit Korea until its defeat by the US and its allies at the end of World War II, when the Japanese were permanently expelled from the peninsula. Soon after the end of World War II, a brutal civil war broke out in 1950 between North Korea, loyal to communist Soviet Union and China, and South Korea, who sided with the United States and its allies.
    [Show full text]
  • South Korean Incest Dramas and the Crisis of Interrupted Kinship Sandra Kim California State University, Los Angeles
    Forbidden Relations: South Korean Incest Dramas and the Crisis of Interrupted Kinship Sandra Kim California State University, Los Angeles introduction he incest taboo is a particularly intriguing angle from which to examine the theme of biologism and identity, as it involves a preoccupation not only with biological kinship but also with the function of prohibitions in creating social norms. The entan- Tglement of identity with biological kinship becomes even more complicated when the incest taboo manifests as a recurring cultural trope within the context of a specific ethnonational his- tory. In contemporary South Korea, for example, there is a peculiar prevalence of incest dramas in popular culture. More than twenty South Korean television dramas and films in the past fifteen years alone involve the possibility of an incestuous relationship as a subtext. Autumn Tale (2000) and Winter Sonata (2002), the television serials that ostensibly launched the “Korean Wave” in broader Asia, as well the cult classic and critically acclaimed filmOldboy (2003), are among the numerous productions in which key characters who at one point or another are thought to be bio- logically related fall in love.1 An Internet search of the term “Korean incest drama” yields numer- ous K-drama (Korean drama) discussion boards and blog posts devoted to the topic. A Google search yields results such as “K-dramas in Which the Lovers Might Be Siblings,” “I love my oppa/ ge ge: the charm of incest dramas,” “Fauxcest Is the Best!” “Tree of Heaven: Tears, heartbreak, 1 Along with Autumn Tale, Winter Sonata, and Oldboy, other television shows and films that feature incest subtexts (to varying degrees) are My Girl, Tree of Heaven, What Star Are You From?, Snowman, Stairway to Heaven, Bad Love, Autumn in My Heart, Damo, Ireland, 90 Days: Time to Love, That Winter the Wind Blows, Hotel King, You’re Beautiful, One Fine Day, Sopyonje, The Petal, Mother, Pietà, and Moebius.
    [Show full text]
  • Health and Environmental Justice (HEJ)
    Part Three: General Plan Elements – Health and Environmental Justice Health and Environmental Justice (HEJ) A. Introduction Public Health - A The way we design and build the human environment has a state of complete profound impact on both public health and environmental physical, mental, justice. Planning decisions related to transportation and social systems, density and intensity of uses, land use practices, wellbeing, not just and street design influence: how much we walk, ride a the absence of disease or bicycle, drive a car, or take public transportation; the level infirmity. (World of our stress; the types of food we eat; and the quality of Health our air and water – all factors which affect our health. For Organization) example, the more we drive, the more our vehicles emit Environmental harmful gases and particles into the air, which can lead to Justice – The fair respiratory problems such as asthma. A compact, mixed-use treatment and development pattern that reduces reliance on automobiles meaningful and increases public transit opportunities can improve air participation of quality and respiratory health1. people of all races, cultures, and incomes with In addition, the presence or absence of sidewalks and bike respect to the routes, heavy traffic, hills, street lights, enjoyable scenery, development, and observations of others exercising all impact our level of adoption, 2 implementation, physical activity . Regular physical activity is important to and enforcement build and maintain healthy bones, muscles, and joints and to of environmental help reduce the risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, laws, regulations, high blood pressure, colon and breast cancer, obesity, and and policies.
    [Show full text]
  • Quick Guide to the Web
    Quick Guide to the Web For Reference & For Fun Reference General Reference Wiki Reference Academic Encyclopedias Dictionaries More Glossaries by Topic Basic Info Phone & Address Maps & Directions News Weather Health Answers & How-To Basic Sites Internet Basics News News & Politics Newspapers Media Research Entertainment Movies & TV Shows/Movies Online Movies Television Reference Pop Culture Music Online Music Music Sites Reference Games Computer & Console Internet Puzzles & More Media & Fun Online Video Humor/Fun Baseball & Other Sports Government General Depts & Agencies Law Public_Resources Data & Statistics Travel General Flights Driving Automobiles Hotels Studying Academic Study Aids General Reference Data & Statistics Wiki Reference Encyclopedias Dictionaries More Glossaries by Topic Media Online Shows & Movies Music Video Internet Games Books Newspapers Magazines More Local Info Genealogy Finding Basic Information Basic Search & More Google Yahoo Bing MSN ask.com AOL Wikipedia About.com Internet Public Library Freebase Librarian Chick DMOZ Open Directory Executive Library Web Research OEDB LexisNexis Wayback Machine Norton Site-Checker DigitalResearchTools Web Rankings Alexa Web Tools - Librarian Chick Web 2.0 Tools Top Reference & Resources – Internet Quick Links E-map | Indispensable Links | All My Faves | Joongel | Hotsheet | Quick.as Corsinet | Refdesk Tools | CEO Express Internet Resources Wayback Machine | Alexa | Web Rankings | Norton Site-Checker Useful Web Tools DigitalResearchTools | FOSS Wiki | Librarian Chick | Virtual
    [Show full text]