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An Early Turning Point in the History of the Crusades
Jonathan Phillips. The Second Crusade: Extending the Frontiers of Christendom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007. xxix + 364 pp. $40.00, cloth, ISBN 978-0-300-11274-0. Reviewed by Jonathan R. Lyon Published on H-German (March, 2008) As the author makes clear in the excellent in‐ cepts could be employed against a variety of Latin troduction to this work, the Second Crusade Christendom's enemies. (1145-49) has typically not attracted as much in‐ Phillips divides his work into fourteen terest from modern historians as the more fa‐ chronologically-arranged chapters, although sepa‐ mous First Crusade (1095-99) and Third Crusade rate chapters treat the Iberian and Baltic compo‐ (1188-92). A key explanation for this trend is the nents of the crusade. The frst two chapters dis‐ Second Crusade's failure to make any significant cuss the period between the First and the Second gains for the Christians of the Holy Land in the Crusade; chapter 1 focuses on the various pilgrim‐ wake of the Muslim conquest of Edessa in 1144. ages and crusading efforts of the early twelfth Nevertheless, as Phillips convincingly argues, this century, and chapter 2 provides a rich, fascinating crusade--despite its lack of success--demands discussion of the powerful legacy the First Cru‐ more attention than it has received for several sade left to Latin Christian culture in the decades reasons. It was the frst crusade to the Holy Land after 1099. Phillips persuasively argues that this to involve western European kings and thus legacy had a significant impact on recruiting for forced rulers to consider the consequences of the Second Crusade, because the generation of leaving their kingdoms for months (if not years) young nobles alive in the 1140s had grown up at a time. -
The Crusades: a Very Brief History
MEDIEVALISTS.NET MEDIEVAL STUDIES MAGAZINE The Medieval Magazine Issue 6 March 9, 2015 The Crusades: A Very Brief History Lady in the Lead Coffin Tower of London: Margaret Beaufort: Mother Revealed Ceremony of the Keys of King Henry VII 12 16 46 Venetian Prisons in the Middle Ages The Medievalverse March 9, 2015 Page 8 Venetian Prisons in the Middle Ages Taking a look at how a Venetian prison on the island of Crete operated. Page 12 Lady in the Lead Coffin Revealed A mysterious lead coffin found close to the site of Richard III's hastily dug grave at the Grey Friars friary has been opened and studied by experts from the University of Leicester. Page 18 The Crusades Andrew Latham traces the contours of the specific types of violent religious conflict always immanent within the historical structure of medieval war. Page 44 Medieval Historical Fiction: Ten Novels from the 19th century Historical fiction was just beginning as literary genre in the 19th century, but soon authors found success in writing about stories set in the Middle Ages. Table of Contents 4 Quiz: How Well Do You Know the Seventh-Century? 6 Medieval Mass Grave Discovered n Paris 8 Venetian Prisons in the Middle Ages 11 Knight buried at Hereford Cathedral may have had jousting injuries, archaeologists find 12 Lady in the Lead Coffin revealed 15 Medieval Articles 16 Tower of London – The Ceremony of the Keys 18 The Crusades: A Very Brief History, 1095-1500 42 The Mazims of Francesco Guicciardini 44 The Beginning of Medieval Historical Fiction: Ten Novels from the 19th century 46 Margaret Beaufort, Mother of King Henry VII 50 Medieval Videos The Medievalverse The weekly digital magazine from Medievalists.net Edited by Peter Konieczny and Sandra Alvarez Cover: Crusaders storm Jerusalem, from The Hague, MMW, 10 A 21 How Well Do You Know the Seventh Century? 1.This Anglo-Saxon helmet, which dates from the early 7th century, was found at which archaeological site? 2. -
Crusading, the Military Orders, and Sacred Landscapes in the Baltic, 13Th – 14Th Centuries ______
TERRA MATRIS: CRUSADING, THE MILITARY ORDERS, AND SACRED LANDSCAPES IN THE BALTIC, 13TH – 14TH CENTURIES ____________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the School of History, Archaeology and Religion Cardiff University ____________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in History & Welsh History (2018) ____________________________________ by Gregory Leighton Abstract Crusading and the military orders have, at their roots, a strong focus on place, namely the Holy Land and the shrines associated with the life of Christ on Earth. Both concepts spread to other frontiers in Europe (notably Spain and the Baltic) in a very quick fashion. Therefore, this thesis investigates the ways that this focus on place and landscape changed over time, when crusading and the military orders emerged in the Baltic region, a land with no Christian holy places. Taking this fact as a point of departure, the following thesis focuses on the crusades to the Baltic Sea Region during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. It considers the role of the military orders in the region (primarily the Order of the Teutonic Knights), and how their participation in the conversion-led crusading missions there helped to shape a distinct perception of the Baltic region as a new sacred (i.e. Christian) landscape. Structured around four chapters, the thesis discusses the emergence of a new sacred landscape thematically. Following an overview of the military orders and the role of sacred landscpaes in their ideology, and an overview of the historiographical debates on the Baltic crusades, it addresses the paganism of the landscape in the written sources predating the crusades, in addition to the narrative, legal, and visual evidence of the crusade period (Chapter 1). -
Qualitative Changes in Ethno-Linguistic Status : a Case Study of the Sorbs in Germany
Qualitative Changes in Ethno-linguistic Status: A Case Study of the Sorbs in Germany by Ted Cicholi RN (Psych.), MA. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Political Science School of Government 22 September 2004 Disclaimer Although every effort has been taken to ensure that all Hyperlinks to the Internet Web sites cited in this dissertation are correct at the time of writing, no responsibility can be taken for any changes to these URL addresses. This may change the format as being either underlined, or without underlining. Due to the fickle nature of the Internet at times, some addresses may not be found after the initial publication of an article. For instance, some confusion may arise when an article address changes from "front page", such as in newspaper sites, to an archive listing. This dissertation has employed the Australian English version of spelling but, where other works have been cited, the original spelling has been maintained. It should be borne in mind that there are a number of peculiarities found in United States English and Australian English, particular in the spelling of a number of words. Interestingly, not all errors or irregularities are corrected by software such as Word 'Spelling and Grammar Check' programme. Finally, it was not possible to insert all the accents found in other languages and some formatting irregularities were beyond the control of the author. Declaration This dissertation does not contain any material which has been accepted for the award of any other higher degree or graduate diploma in any tertiary institution. -
The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade
Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 18 January 2017 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE PRUSSIAN CRUSADE The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade explores the archaeology and material culture of the Crusade against the Prussian tribes in the thirteenth century, and the subsequent society created by the Teutonic Order that lasted into the six- teenth century. It provides the first synthesis of the material culture of a unique crusading society created in the south-eastern Baltic region over the course of the thirteenth century. It encompasses the full range of archaeological data, from standing buildings through to artefacts and ecofacts, integrated with writ- ten and artistic sources. The work is sub-divided into broadly chronological themes, beginning with a historical outline, exploring the settlements, castles, towns and landscapes of the Teutonic Order’s theocratic state and concluding with the role of the reconstructed and ruined monuments of medieval Prussia in the modern world in the context of modern Polish culture. This is the first work on the archaeology of medieval Prussia in any lan- guage, and is intended as a comprehensive introduction to a period and area of growing interest. This book represents an important contribution to promot- ing international awareness of the cultural heritage of the Baltic region, which has been rapidly increasing over the last few decades. Aleksander Pluskowski is a lecturer in Medieval Archaeology at the University of Reading. Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 -
The Teutonic Order and the Baltic Crusades
Western Oregon University Digital Commons@WOU Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) Department of History 6-10-2019 The eutT onic Order and the Baltic Crusades Alex Eidler Western Oregon University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his Part of the European History Commons, Medieval History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Eidler, Alex, "The eT utonic Order and the Baltic Crusades" (2019). Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History). 273. https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his/273 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at Digital Commons@WOU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@WOU. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. The Teutonic Order and the Baltic Crusades By Alex Eidler Senior Seminar: Hst 499 Professor David Doellinger Western Oregon University June 5, 2019 Readers Professor Elizabeth Swedo Professor David Doellinger Copyright © Alex Eidler, 2019 Eidler 1 Introduction When people think of Crusades, they often think of the wars in the Holy Lands rather than regions inside of Europe, which many believe to have already been Christian. The Baltic Crusades began during the Second Crusade (1147-1149) but continued well into the fifteenth century. Unlike the crusades in the Holy Lands which were initiated to retake holy cities and pilgrimage sites, the Baltic crusades were implemented by the German archbishoprics of Bremen and Magdeburg to combat pagan tribes in the Baltic region which included Estonia, Prussia, Lithuania, and Latvia.1 The Teutonic Order, which arrived in the Baltic region in 1226, was successful in their smaller initial campaigns to combat raiders, as well as in their later crusades to conquer and convert pagan tribes. -
Echa Przeszłości 11/2010
2 Irena Makarczyk Rada Redakcyjna Stanis³aw Achremczyk, Daniel Beauvois, Stanis³aw Gajewski, Stefan Hartmann, Zoja Jaroszewicz-Pieres³awcew, Janusz Jasiñski, S³awomir Kalembka , Marek K. Kamiñski, Norbert Kasparek (przewodnicz¹cy), Andrzej Kopiczko, Giennadij Krietinin, Kazimierz £atak, Bohdan £ukaszewicz, Jens E. Olesen, Bohdan Ryszewski, Jan Sobczak, Alojzy Szorc Redakcja Jan Gancewski (sekretarz), Witold Gieszczyñski (redaktor naczelny), Roman Jurkowski, Norbert Kasparek Recenzenci Jan Dziêgielewski, Zbigniew Opacki Adres Redakcji Instytut Historii i Stosunków Miêdzynarodowych UWM, ul. Kurta Obitza 1 10-725 Olsztyn, tel./fax 089-527-36-12, tel. 089-524-64-35 e-mail: [email protected] http://human.uwm.edu.pl/historia/echa.htm Projekt ok³adki Barbara Lis-Romañczukowa Redakcja wydawnicza Danuta Jamio³kowska T³umaczenie na jêzyk angielski Aleksandra Poprawska ISSN 1509-9873 © Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmiñsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie Olsztyn 2010 Nak³ad 155 egz. Ark. wyd. 36,8; ark. druk. 31,25; pap. druk. kl. III Druk Zak³ad Poligraficzny Uniwersytetu Warmiñsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie zam. 653 SPIS TRECI ARTYKU£Y I ROZPRAWY Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak, Ksi¹¿ê stodorañski Têgomir próba rehabilitacji .......... 7 Pavel Krafl, Prawo kocielne w Czechach i na Morawach w redniowieczu .............. 19 Grzegorz Bia³uñski, Uwagi o udziale chor¹gwi che³miñskiej w bitwie grunwaldzkiej ........................................................................................................... 37 Anna Ko³odziejczyk, Regulacje prawne -
Выпуск 9 Issn 2079-1488
ВЫПУСК 9 ISSN 2079-1488 ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «РЕСПУБЛИКАНСКИЙ ИНСТИТУТ ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЫ» КАФЕДРА ИСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ БЕЛАРУСИ Научный сборник Основан в 2008 году ВЫПУСК 9 Минск РИВШ 2016 УДК 94(4-11)(082) Рекомендовано редакционно-издательской комиссией государственного учреждения образования «Республиканский институт высшей школы» (протокол № 6 от 30 декабря 2015 г.) Редакционная коллегия: А. В. Мартынюк – кандидат исторических наук, отв. редактор (Минск) Г. Я. Голенченко – доктор исторических наук, зам. отв. редактора (Минск) О. А. Яновский – кандидат исторических наук, зам. отв. редактора (Минск) А. А. Любая – кандидат исторических наук, зам. отв. редактора (Минск) Ю. Н. Бохан – доктор исторических наук (Минск) М. Вайерс – доктор исторических наук (Бонн) В. А. Воронин – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) О. И. Дзярнович – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) Д. Домбровский – доктор исторических наук (Быдгощ) Л. В. Левшун – доктор филологических наук (Минск) А. В. Любый – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) И. А. Марзалюк – доктор исторических наук (Могилев) В. Нагирный – доктор истории (Краков) Н. В. Николаев – доктор филологических наук (Санкт-Петербург) В. А. Теплова – кандидат исторических наук (Минск) В. А. Федосик – доктор исторических наук (Минск) А. И. Филюшкин – доктор исторических наук (Санкт-Петербург) А. Л. Хорошкевич – доктор исторических наук (Москва) В. Янкаускас – доктор истории (Каунас) Studia Historica Europae Orientalis = Исследования по истории И87 Восточной Европы : науч. сб. Вып. 9. – Минск : РИВШ, 2016. – 252 с. В научном сборнике представлены актуальные исследования белорусских и зарубежных ученых, посвященные широкому кругу проблем истории Вос- точной Европы в Средние века и раннее Новое время. Сборник включен ВАК Республики Беларусь в перечень научных изданий для опубликования резуль- татов диссертационных исследований по историческим наукам. Адресуется студентам, аспирантам, преподавателям и научным работни- кам, а также всем, кто интересуется историей восточных славян. -
Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P
Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P Namur** . NOP-1 Pegonitissa . NOP-203 Namur** . NOP-6 Pelaez** . NOP-205 Nantes** . NOP-10 Pembridge . NOP-208 Naples** . NOP-13 Peninton . NOP-210 Naples*** . NOP-16 Penthievre**. NOP-212 Narbonne** . NOP-27 Peplesham . NOP-217 Navarre*** . NOP-30 Perche** . NOP-220 Navarre*** . NOP-40 Percy** . NOP-224 Neuchatel** . NOP-51 Percy** . NOP-236 Neufmarche** . NOP-55 Periton . NOP-244 Nevers**. NOP-66 Pershale . NOP-246 Nevil . NOP-68 Pettendorf* . NOP-248 Neville** . NOP-70 Peverel . NOP-251 Neville** . NOP-78 Peverel . NOP-253 Noel* . NOP-84 Peverel . NOP-255 Nordmark . NOP-89 Pichard . NOP-257 Normandy** . NOP-92 Picot . NOP-259 Northeim**. NOP-96 Picquigny . NOP-261 Northumberland/Northumbria** . NOP-100 Pierrepont . NOP-263 Norton . NOP-103 Pigot . NOP-266 Norwood** . NOP-105 Plaiz . NOP-268 Nottingham . NOP-112 Plantagenet*** . NOP-270 Noyers** . NOP-114 Plantagenet** . NOP-288 Nullenburg . NOP-117 Plessis . NOP-295 Nunwicke . NOP-119 Poland*** . NOP-297 Olafsdotter*** . NOP-121 Pole*** . NOP-356 Olofsdottir*** . NOP-142 Pollington . NOP-360 O’Neill*** . NOP-148 Polotsk** . NOP-363 Orleans*** . NOP-153 Ponthieu . NOP-366 Orreby . NOP-157 Porhoet** . NOP-368 Osborn . NOP-160 Port . NOP-372 Ostmark** . NOP-163 Port* . NOP-374 O’Toole*** . NOP-166 Portugal*** . NOP-376 Ovequiz . NOP-173 Poynings . NOP-387 Oviedo* . NOP-175 Prendergast** . NOP-390 Oxton . NOP-178 Prescott . NOP-394 Pamplona . NOP-180 Preuilly . NOP-396 Pantolph . NOP-183 Provence*** . NOP-398 Paris*** . NOP-185 Provence** . NOP-400 Paris** . NOP-187 Provence** . NOP-406 Pateshull . NOP-189 Purefoy/Purifoy . NOP-410 Paunton . NOP-191 Pusterthal . -
The Clash Between Pagans and Christians: the Baltic Crusades from 1147-1309
The Clash between Pagans and Christians: The Baltic Crusades from 1147-1309 Honors Research Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with honors research distinction in History in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Donald R. Shumaker The Ohio State University May 2014 Project Advisor: Professor Heather J. Tanner, Department of History 1 The Baltic Crusades started during the Second Crusade (1147-1149), but continued into the fifteenth century. Unlike the crusades in the Holy Lands, the Baltic Crusades were implemented in order to combat the pagan tribes in the Baltic. These crusades were generally conducted by German and Danish nobles (with occasional assistance from Sweden) instead of contingents from England and France. Although the Baltic Crusades occurred in many different countries and over several centuries, they occurred as a result of common root causes. For the purpose of this study, I will be focusing on the northern crusades between 1147 and 1309. In 1309 the Teutonic Order, the monastic order that led these crusades, moved their headquarters from Venice, where the Order focused on reclaiming the Holy Lands, to Marienberg, which was on the frontier of the Baltic Crusades. This signified a change in the importance of the Baltic Crusades and the motivations of the crusaders. The Baltic Crusades became the main theater of the Teutonic Order and local crusaders, and many of the causes for going on a crusade changed at this time due to this new focus. Prior to the year 1310 the Baltic Crusades occurred for several reasons. A changing knightly ethos combined with heightened religious zeal and the evolution of institutional and ideological changes in just warfare and forced conversions were crucial in the development of the Baltic Crusades. -
Anton Nystrom Was Born at Gothenburg on February 15, 1842
BEFORE I AND AFTER 1914 D 5\1 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Cornell University Library D 511.N99 1916 Before, durina and after 1914 3 1924 027 808 991 % Cornell University ?/ Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924027808991 BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER 1914 BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER 1914 BY ANTON NY8TR0M TRANSLATED BY H. G. DE WALTERSTORFF WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY EDMUND GOSSE, C.B. LL.D. NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1916 I\ix|.ci:,--Svn^ ^x^1•^^^, V^r'isteiy&^-l Printed in Great Britain tf^, ^.^.IX INTRODUCTION Much has been said about the dehcacy of Sweden's political disposition, and the outpourings of such Swedish activists as the egregious Sven Hedin have had enough, and more than enough, notice given them by English journalists. The pro-German opinions of this small class of Swedish militarists and meddlers are not those of the vast majority of the inhabitants of eastern Scandinavia. Too little has been said in any of the Allied countries of the existence of a consistent and powerful literature in which some of the foremost intellects of Sweden protest against the crimes of Germany. If we desire to know the real views of the best minds in Sweden, we ought to make acquaintance, not with the violent propaganda of a noisy court clique, but with the volumes of Professor Ernst Wigforss and of Herr C. N. Carleson, the remarkable Black Week of Herr Anton Karlgren, the essays of Professor N. -
Баварський Географ" : Спроба Локалiзацiї Cлов’Янських Князiвств У IX Столiттi
Leontiy Woytowycz "Баварський Географ" : спроба локалiзацiї cлов’янських князiвств у IX столiттi Średniowiecze Polskie i Powszechne 2 (6), 35-66 2010 Leontiy Woytowycz Львів «Баварський Географ»: cпроба локалізації слов’янських князівств у IX столітті В сучасній медієвістиці тривають суперечки стосовно моделі раннь ої держави. Більшість схиляється до думки, що таку ранню державу слід пов’язувати з племенем, в якому поєднується етнічна спільність з політич ною структурою на чолі з вождем. Такою політичною структурою є племін на протодержава—чіфдом, або вождівство, що має централізоване управ ління та спадкову ієрархію правителів і знаті, але ще не має формального апарату примусу. Племена об’єднуються у союзи, утворюючи складні вож дівства, які в джерелах виступають як княжіння1. Переконливими вигля дають міркування О. Мельникової, яка досить аргументовано виділяє пе ріоди вождівства, «дружинної держави» та ранньофеодальної держави вже в середині ІХ ст.2 Цікавими в цьому напрямку є дослідження А. Горського3 та М. Крадіна4. Можна погодитися з багатьма висновками В. Пузанова5, 1 Л. Ми хай лина: Слов’яни VIII—Х ст. між Дніпром і Карпатами. Київ 2007, С. 246—247. 2 Е.А. Мельникова: К типологии становлення государства в Северной и Восточ ной Европе (Постановка проблемы). Образование Древнерусского государства. Спорные проблемы: Чтения памяти чл. ‑кор. АН СССР В.Т. Пашуто. Москва, 13—15 апреля 1992 г. Тез. Докл. Отв. Ред. А.П. Новосельцев. Москва 1992, С. 40—45; Ї ї ж: К типологии пред государственных и раннегосударственных образований в Северной и Северо ‑Восточной Европе (Постановка проблемы). B: Древнейшие государства на территории Восточной Европы. 1992—1993. Москва 1995, С. 20—23. 3 А.А. Горськ ий: Древнерусская дружина.