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Nicopolis Ad Nestum and Its Place in the Ancient Road Infrastructure of Southwestern Thracia
BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, XLIV, 2018 Proceedings of the First International Roman and Late Antique Thrace Conference “Cities, Territories and Identities” (Plovdiv, 3rd – 7th October 2016) Nicopolis ad Nestum and Its Place in the Ancient Road Infrastructure of Southwestern Thracia Svetla PETROVA Abstract: The road network of main and secondary roads for Nicopolis ad Nestum has not been studied comprehensively so far. Our research was carried out in the pe- riod 2010-2015. We have gathered the preserved parts of roads with bridges, together with the results of archaeological studies and data about the settlements alongside these roads. The Roman city of Nicopolis ad Nestum inherited road connections from 1 One of the first descriptions of the pre-Roman times, which were further developed. Road construction in the area has road net in the area of Nevrokop belongs been traced chronologically from the pre-Roman roads to the Roman primary and to Captain A. Benderev (Бендерев 1890, secondary ones for the ancient city. There were several newly built roadbeds that were 461-470). V. Kanchov is the next to follow important for the area and connected Nicopolis with Via Diagonalis and Via Egnatia. the ancient road across the Rhodopes, The elements of infrastructure have been established: primary and secondary roads, connecting Nicopolis ad Nestum with crossings, facilities and roadside stations. Also the locations of custom-houses have the valley of the Hebros river (Кънчов been found at the border between Parthicopolis and Nicopolis ad Nestum. We have 1894, 235-247). The road from the identified a dense network of road infrastructure with relatively straight sections and a Nestos river (at Nicopolis) to Dospat, lot of local roads and bridges, connecting the settlements in the territory of Nicopolis the so-called Trans-Rhodopean road, ad Nestum. -
ARTICULATA 2009 24 (1/2): 79–108 FAUNISTIK New Records and a New
Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopterologie e.V.; download http://www.dgfo-articulata.de/ ARTICULATA 2009 24 (1/2): 79108 FAUNISTIK New records and a new synonym of Orthoptera from Bulgaria Dragan P. Chobanov Abstract After a revision of available Orthoptera collections in Bulgaria, 9 species with one subspecies are added and 15 species and one subspecies are omitted from the list of Bulgarian fauna. A supplement to the description and a diagnosis of Iso- phya pavelii Brunner von Wattenwyl (= Isophya rammei Peshev, syn.n.) is presented. Full reference and distributional data for Bulgaria are given for 31 taxa. Oscillograms and frequency spectra of the songs of Barbitistes constrictus, Isophya pavelii and I. rectipennis are presented. Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen einer Durchsicht der verfügbaren Orthopterensammlungen in Bzlgarien wurden in die Gesamtliste der bulgarischen Fauna insgesamt neun Arten und eine Unterart neu aufgenommen sowie 15 Arten und eine Unterart von der Liste gestrichen. In der vorleigenden Arbeit werden von 31 Taxa die Refe- renz- und Verbreitungsdaten aus Bulgarien aufgelistet. Für Isophya pavelii Brun- ner von Wattenwyl (= Isophya rammei Peshev, syn.n.) erfolgt eine Ergänzung der Artbeschreibung und Differenzialdiagnose. Die Stridulationen von Barbitistes constrictus, Isophya pavelii und Isophya rectipennis werden als Frequenzspek- tren und Oszillogramme dargestellt. Introduction After a nearly 20-years break in the active studies on Orthoptera of Bulgaria, in the last years few works were published (POPOV et al. 2001, CHOBANOV 2003, ANDREEVA 2003, HELLER &LEHMANN 2004, POPOV &CHOBANOV 2004, POPOV 2007, ÇIPLAK et al. 2007) adding new faunistic and taxonomic data on the order in this country. POPOV (2007), incorporating all the published information on Or- thoptera from Bulgaria up to date, including some unpublished data, counted 239 taxa for the country (221 species and 18 subspecies). -
Annex No.3 to Art. 14, Para. 1 of ORDINANCE No
Annex No.3 to Art. 14, para. 1 of ORDINANCE No. 22 from 14.12.2015 for the application of Sub- measure 19.2 “Application of Activities Within the Frameworks of the Community-Lead Local Development Strategies” of Measure 19 “Community-Lead Local Development”(CLLD) of the 2014-2020 Rural Area Development Programme (RADP). (Altered by State Gazette # 38 from 2016, valid from 20.05.2016) CLLD STRATEGY OF GOTSE DELCHEV – GARMEN – HADZHIDIMOVO LOCAL INITIATIVE GROUP Introduction During the 2007-2013 period, for the first time ever, Bulgaria managed to effectively utilize the LEADER method as a tool for decentralized management and integrated local development in rural areas. For the purpose, 35 local initiative groups, comprising 57 rural municipalities and 6 local fishing groups spanning across the territories of 17 municipalities have been established in the years prior 2013 and are still functioning. During the 2009-2011 period, we have performed activities with the purpose of preparing potential local initiative groups for implementing strategies for local development. Additionally, these activities are responsible for teaching skills and ensuring activities can happen on a communal level across the territories of potential local initiative groups under the Rural Area Development Programme. The LEADER method in Europe dates back to 1991. Since then it has been developed as a separate initiative in the EU member-states until 2007 (“Leader I” during the 1991-1993 period, “Leader II” during the 1994-1999 period and “Leader+” during the 2000-2006 period) and as for the 2007-2013 Programme Period, the initiative has been included as a part of the Programmes for Rural Area Development (PRAD) of member-states. -
The Central Rhodopes Region in the Roman Road System
The Central Rhodopes region in the Roman road system Mitko Madzharov The Central Rhodopes region is today’s Smolyan region which in geographical terms is part of West Rhodopes Since ancient times the Central Rhodopes region has played an important role in the development of the economic relations on the Balkans due to the fact that the shortest route between the Thracian lands and the North Aegean coast passed through it [1]. In Roman times the Central Rhodopes region was even more important as the three biggest roads passing through the Rhodopes lay on its territory: the Central, the East and the West Roads [2]. They connected the capital city of the Roman province Thrace – Philippopolis with the big cities situated on the North Aegean Coast on the one hand and the major Roman road – Via Egnatia- on the other (Fig. 1). Besides the above mentioned important Roman roads, there existed in the mountain lots of smaller roads of local importance. The objective of this paper is to describe the layout of the above mentioned roads, the building technique used and their classification. The Central Trans-Rhodopean Roman road was the shortest land thoroughfare which, in Roman times connected Philippopolis with Via Egnatia and the cities along the North Aegean coast. It is the only one of the three main roads passing through the Rhodopes whose whole roadway was on the territory of the Central Rhodopes region. South of Philippopolis it passed along Chernatisa mountain ridge and through the settlements of the villages Churen and Tumrush. In Krustiloto area, Tumrush settlement, the layout passed by an ancient fortress which P.Deliradev classifies as a roadside tower. -
Bulgaria Eco Tours and Village Life
BULGARIA ECO TOURS AND VILLAGE LIFE www.bulgariatravel.org Unique facts about Bulgaria INTRODUCTION To get to know Bulgaria, one has to dive into its authenticity, to taste the product of its nature, to backpack across the country and to gather bouquets of memories and impressions. The variety of The treasure of Bulgarian nature is well preserved Bulgarian nature offers abundant opportunities for engaging outdoor in the national conservation parks. The climate and activities – one can hike around the many eco trails in the National diverse landscape across the country are combined Parks and preservation areas, observe rare animal and bird species or in a unique way. This is one of the many reasons for visit caves and landmarks. the country to have such an animal and plant diversity. Bulgaria has a dense net of eco trails. There are new routes constantly Many rare, endangered and endemic species live in the marked across the mountains, which makes many places of interest Bulgarian conservation parks. Through the territory and landmarks more accessible. of the country passes Via Pontica – the route of the migratory birds from Europe to Africa. The eco-friendly outdoor activities are easily combined with the opportunity to enjoy rural and alternative tours. One can get acquainted with the authentic Bulgarian folklore and can stay in a traditional vintage village house in the regions of Rila, Pirin, The Rodopi For those who love nature, Bulgaria is the Mountains, Strandzha, Stara Planina (the Balkan Range), the Upper place to be. You can appreciate the full Thracian valley, the Danube and the Black Sea Coast regions. -
New Data on the Butterflies of Western Stara Planina Mts (Bulgaria & Serbia) (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea)
Ecologica Montenegrina 20: 119-162 (2019) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em New data on the butterflies of Western Stara Planina Mts (Bulgaria & Serbia) (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) MARIO LANGOUROV National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria. E-mail: [email protected] Received 9 January 2019 │ Accepted by V. Pešić: 7 March 2019 │ Published online 9 March 2019. Abstract The paper represents results of surveys carried out in the Western Stara Planina Mts within the last four years in order to improve the knowledge of the butterfly fauna, especially in the Bulgarian part of the mountain. A total of 150 species of Lepidoptera (Papilionoidea) was recorded with comments on their distribution in the Bulgarian part of the studied region. Nineteen species were recorded for the first time in the Bulgarian part of the mountain and one species (Apatura metis) – for the Serbian part. It has been found that the highest butterfly diversity is linked to the largest limestone area in the mountain near Komshtitsa Village where 101 species were observed. Interesting records for some rare or endangered species (Muschampia cribrellum, M. tessellum, Lycaena helle, Kirinia climene, Apatura metis, Nymphalis vaualbum, Melitaea didyma, M. arduinna, M. diamina and Brenthis ino) are discussed in detail. The high conservation value of the studied region proves by the species considered as threatened at the European level, of which seven species are included in the Annexes II and IV of the Habitats Directive, 12 species are listed in the Red Data Book of European butterflies and 26 in the European Red List of Butterflies. -
Guide to Western Stara Planina the Unknown Natural Wealth Authors: Lora Zhebril Zhivko Momchev
WORKING TOGETHER IN SUPPORT OF SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS GUIDE BG GUIDE TO WESTERN STARA PLANINA THE UNKNOWN NATURAL WEALTH AUTHORS: LORA ZHEBRIL ZHIVKO MOMCHEV EDITOR: VENCI GRADINAROV WWW.BGTEXT.BG GRAPHIC DESIGN: OILARIPI TREKKING ASSOCIATION WWW.OILARIPI.COM FRONT COVER: IVAN VELOV PUBLISHED BY WWF BULGARIA, SOFIA © 2017 WWF BULGARIA. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL MATERIALS IN THIS PUBLICATION ARE SUBJECT TO COPYRIGHT AND CAN BE REPRO- DUCED WITH PERMISSION. ANY REPRODUCTION IN FULL OR IN PART MUST MENTION THE TI- TLE AND CREDIT THE ABOVE-MENTIONED PUBLISHER (WWF BULGARIA) AS THE COPYRIGHT OWNER. THE DESIGNATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL ENTITIES IN THIS REPORT, AND THE PRE- SENTATION OF MATERIAL, DO NOT IMPLY THE EXPRESSION OF ANY OPINION WHATSOEVER ON THE PART OF WWF CONCERNING THE LEGAL STATUS OF ANY COUNTRY, TERRITORY, OR AREA, OR OF ITS AUTHORITIES, OR CONCERNING THE DELIMITATION OF ITS FRONTIERS OR BOUNDARIES. GUIDE TO WESTERN STARA PLANINA THE UNKNOWN NATURAL WEALTH © PLAMEN DIMITROV PLAMEN © THE GUIDEBOOK FOR WESTERN STARA PLANINA WAS DEVELOPED WITHIN THE “FOR THE BALKAN AND THE PEOPLE”PROJECT, AN INITIATIVE OF SIX BULGARIAN AND FOUR SWISS ORGANIZATIONS. IT WILL GIVE YOU A HINT ABOUT SOME REMARKABLE PLACES TO VISIT IN THE AREA AND IT WILL INTRODUCE YOU TO SOME OF THE SIGNIFICANT SUCCESSFUL RESULTS OF THE PROJECT OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS. IT WILL TELL YOU HOW THE IMPOSSIBLE SOMETIMES BECOMES POSSIBLE AT PLACES WHERE NOBODY EXPECTED. WITH THE HELP OF THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE BULGARIAN-SWISS COOPERATION PROGRAM AND THE EFFORTS OF ALL THE EXPERTS FROM THE PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS, SEVERAL FARMERS FROM NORTH-WEST BULGARIA MANAGED TO SUCCESSFULLY COM- PLETE ALL PROCEDURES FOR REGISTRATION AS PRODUCERS , COMPLETELY OUT OF THE GREY SECTOR. -
Historia Naturalis Bulgarica
QH178 .9 58 V. 10 1999 HISTORIA NATURALIS BULGARICA & 10 fflSTORIA NATURALIS BULGARICA Volume 10, Sofia, 1999 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - National Museum of Natural History cm.H.c. ) (cm.H.c. () cm.H.c. cm.H.c. cm.H.c. - . ^1 1000 © - ,^1999 EDITORIAL BOARD U Petar BERON (Editor-in-CMef) cm.H.c. : Alexi POPOV (Secretary) Krassimir KUMANSKI Stoitse ANDREEV 31.12.1999 Zlatozar BOEV 70x100/16 350 Address 10.25 National Museum of Natureil History 6 „" 1, Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd 1000 Sofia ISSN 0205-3640 Historia naturalis bulgarica 10, , 1999 - 60 (.) 6 - 6 (., . .) 13 - (Insecta: Heteroptera) 6 (., pes. .) 35 - - (Coleoptera: Carabidae) .-HI (., . .) 67 - Egira tibori Hreblay, 1994 - (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hadeninae) (., . .) 77 - Tetrao partium (Kretzoi, 1962) (Aves: Tetraonidae) (., . .) 85 - (Aves: Otitidae) (., . .) 97 - Regulus bulgaricus sp. - (Aves: Sylviidae) (., . .) 109 , - ,Pogonu (., . .) 117 , - „ - " (., pes. .) 125 , , , - 1 6 pes. (., .) 133 - (., pes. .) 147 - gecem (.) ^ 34 - (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (.) 84 - 60 - , 116 (.) , - ,- 124 (1967 1994) (.) - (.) 132 CONTENTS Alexi POPOV - KraSsimir Kumanski at sixty years of age (In Bulgarian) Scientific publications Petar BERON - Biodiversity of the high mountain terrestrial fauna in Bxilgaria (In English, summary in Bulgarian) 13 Michail JOSIFOV - Heteropterous insects in the SandansM-Petrich Kettle, Southwestern Bulgaria (In English, simimary in Bulgeirian) 35 Borislav GUEORGUIEV - Contribution to the study of the ground-beetle fauna (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the Osogovo -
Annexes to Rural Development Programme
ANNEXES TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (2007-2013) TABLE OF CONTENTS Annex 1 ...........................................................................................................................................4 Information on the Consultation Process ........................................................................................4 Annex 2 .........................................................................................................................................13 Organisations and Institutions Invited to the Monitoring Committee of the Implementation of the Rural Development Programme 2007-2013 .................................................................................13 Annex 3 .........................................................................................................................................16 Baseline, Output, Result and Impact Indicators............................................................................16 Annex 4 .........................................................................................................................................29 Annexes to the Axis 1 Measures...................................................................................................29 Attachment 1 (Measure 121 Modernisation of Agricultural Holding) .........................................30 List of Newly Introduced Community Standards .........................................................................30 Attachment 1.A. (Measure 121 Modernisation of Agricultural Holding -
MIT SUMMIT from Skiing, Snowboarding and Mountaineering Experiences
Bulgaria boasts the full range of terrains, landscapes and opportunities for adventure any outdoor enthusiast may dream of. Mountains rising over 2,900 m, more FROM SUMMIT than 200 mountain lodges and over 300 alpine lakes, clearwater rivers and canyons, tens of thousands of kilometres of marked hiking trails, a well-developed system of TO SEA protected areas, and more than 300 km of coastline. ADVENTURE TRAVEL ADVENTURE TRAVEL ADVENTURE Every time of the year brings new adventure. In spring we open the rafting, kayaking and FOUR canyoning season along high-water rivers, we climb old and new routes, we marvel at the sheer scale of bird migration, and we pitch camp for a long, nine-month season that’s also great for SEASONS cycling throughout. In summer we hike through cool ancient forests, we balance on challenging rocky arêtes, we fly, we surf, we dive and enjoy plunging in water. In autumn we are still high up in the mountains, hiking and trekking, and we continue camping. Winter rewards us with great skiing, snowboarding and mountaineering experiences. bulgariatravel.org ADVENTURE TRAVEL bulgariatravel.org 360mag.bg hiking-bulgaria.com stenata.com 2021 ADVENTURE TRAVEL IN BULGARIA - AIR - CONTENTS 74 PARA-/ HANG GLIDING Sopot 75 SKYDIVING Montana - HIGHLIGHTS - 76 BUNGEE 6 FROM SEA TO SUMMIT 77 HOT-AIR BALLOONS FOUR SEASONS 8 - MOUNTAINS - - CYCLING - 32 NATURAL DIVERSITY 58 MARKED/TRACKED ROAD AND MOUNTAIN BIKE ROUTES 34 MOUNTAIN LODGES AND SPORTS CENTRES Rudopia Belmeken High-Altitude Sports Complex Trans- Rhodope Bike Trail Malyovitsa -
Ski Tourism in Bulgaria
SKI TOURISM IN BULGARIA www.bulgariatravel.org multimedia Operative Program “Regional Development 2007-2013 www.bgregio.eu We invest in your future! The project is financed by the European Regional Development Fund and the state budget of Republic of Bulgaria Grant Scheme BG161PO001/3.3-01/2008 “Support for Effective National Marketing of Tourist Product and Improvement of Information Service”, Contract No BG161PO001/3.3-01/2008 /001-5 “Multimedia Catalogue of the Tourist Sites and Electronic Marketing of Destination Bulgaria” This multimedia brochure is created within the framework of the project “Multimedia Catalogue of the Tourist Sites and Electronic Marketing of Destination Bulgaria”, Contract No BG161PO001/3.3-01/2008/001-5, which is performed with the financial support of Operative Program “Regional Development” 2007 – 2013, co-financed by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund.The entire responsibility for the contents of this multimedia brochure is brought by the beneficiary – The Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism, and under no circumstances it can be considered that this multimedia brochure presents the official position of the European Union and the Managing Body. www.bulgariatravel.org 2 SKI TOURISM IN BULGARIA GENERAL INFORMATION Bulgaria is now among the popular European destinations for winter tourism. The country has several ski areas which offer excellent conditions for skiing, snowboarding, ski running and other winter sports. The total length of the ski slopes in Bulgaria exceeds 210 kilometers. The highest slopes have a height from 2,600 meters above the sea level, and the maximum displacement reaches 1,630 meters. All ski runs are equipped with modern chair and cabin lifts, as well as tow lifts. -
ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING EXCHANGE INITIATIVE for SUSTAINABLE HOSPITALITY Smes in the BALKAN-MEDITERRANEAN REGION Subsidy Contract No
ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING EXCHANGE INITIATIVE FOR SUSTAINABLE HOSPITALITY SMEs IN THE BALKAN-MEDITERRANEAN REGION Subsidy Contract No. BMP1/1.3/2616/2017 Company name: Kovachevitsa Page | 1 Source: http://bulgariatravel.org/bg/object/316/kovachevica Country/region of operation: Kovachevitsa, Bulgaria Sustainability dimension: environmental, social, economic, cultural Description of the enterprise/initiative: The village of Kovachevitsa is situated in the western Rhodope mountain, at a distance of 23 km from the town of Gotse Delchev and 120 km from the town of Blagoevgrad. The village was established after 1656 during the attempts of conversion to Mohammedanism of the Bulgarian population in the Rhodope mountain, which settled in the more unreachable parts of the mountain in search of salvation. The local people were occupied in agriculture and stock-breeding. During the period of Revival (the 18th – 19th century) Kovachevitsa was an educational center. The village was one of the centers of the Internal Macedonian and Edirne Revolutionary Organization at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Because of its typical architecture, in 1977 by issue 73 of the State Gazette the village was declared a historical and architectural reservation. The village of Kovachevita is an appropriate destination for the admirers of country tourism and relaxation. Besides having the option to walk along the narrow cobblestone streets, and stay in a typical Kovachevitsa house, tourists can taste traditional Bulgarian dishes and enjoy the tranquility of the Rhodope mountain. A number of tourist routes start from the village Project co-funded by the European Union and National Funds of the participating countries.