INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT for LOCAL GOVERNMENTS a Practical Guide
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Final Biosolids Management Plan September 2009 TABLE of CONTENTS
BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT PLAN Prepared for: Spokane County Division of Utilities 1026 West Broadway Avenue, Fourth Floor Spokane, WA 99260-0430 September 2009 Final Prepared by: HDR Engineering, Inc. TABLE of CONTENTS Table of Contents Introduction and Background .................................................................. 1 Previous Studies .................................................................................................. 1 Wastewater Facilities Plan ........................................................................ 1 Wastewater Facilities Plan Amendment .................................................... 2 Ecology Approval of Wastewater Facilities Plan ........................................ 3 Changes after the Wastewater Facilities Plan Amendment ....................... 3 2006 Wastewater Facilities Plan Amendment ........................................... 4 Environmental Analysis ............................................................................. 4 Authorization ........................................................................................................ 4 Purpose ................................................................................................................ 4 Plan Overview ...................................................................................................... 5 Spokane County Regional Water Reclamation Facility Overview ........ 6 SCRWRF Residuals ............................................................................................. 6 SCRWRF Biosolids -
Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment: Sorsogon City, Philippines
CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT REPORT SORSOGON CITY, PHILIPPINES Prepared by: Ma. Adelaida Mias‐Mamonong Reinero M. Flores CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT: SORSOGN CITY, PHILIPPINES 2 Table of Contents I. Project Background..........................................................................................................................3 II. Assessment Framework..................................................................................................................4 III. Climate Change Impacts in the Region and Sorsogon City.......................................................5 3.a Tropical Cyclones and Storm Surge:......................................................................................6 3.b Extreme rainfall and increased precipitation .........................................................................8 3.c Increase in temperature............................................................................................................8 3.d Sea level rise..............................................................................................................................8 IV. Vulnerabilities to Climatic-induced Hazards and Climate Change Impacts ............................9 4.1 Human Settlements...................................................................................................................9 4.1.a Poverty .........................................................................................................................14 -
Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Operation and Management Workbook
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILL OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT WORKBOOK Revised April 2018 Preface In many ways, constructing, operating and maintaining a municipal solid waste landfill is similar to constructing, operating, and maintaining a highway, dam, canal, bridge, or other engineered structure. The most important similarity is that landfills, like other engineered structures, must be constructed and operated in a manner that will provide safe, long-term, and reliable service to the communities they serve. Proper design, construction, operation, monitoring, closure and post-closure care are critical because after disposal the waste can be a threat to human health and the environment for decades to centuries. This workbook is intended to provide municipal landfill operators and managers in Wyoming with the fundamental knowledge and technical background necessary to ensure that landfills are operated efficiently, effectively, and in a manner that is protective of human health and the environment. This workbook contains information regarding basic construction and operation activities that are encountered on a routine basis at most landfills. The basic procedures and fundamental elements of landfill permitting, construction management, monitoring, closure, post-closure care, and financial assurance are also addressed. The workbook includes informative tips and information that landfill operators and managers can use to conserve landfill space, minimize the potential for pollution, reduce operating costs, and comply with applicable rules and regulations. In addition to this workbook, operators and managers need to become familiar with the Wyoming Solid Waste Rules and Regulations applicable to municipal solid waste. The DEQ also provides numerous guidelines that may help understand regulatory requirements in more detail. -
PW061119-07 Project 2448 Cell 16 Final Cover Exhibit a Scope of Work
EXHIBIT A SCOPE OF SERVICES Cell 16 Final Cover Project No. 18-2448 / CIP 51202 The City of Rapid City has determined the need to procure professional engineering services including Preliminary Design Services, Final Design Services, and Bidding Services for the installation and placement of a final cover system and Gas Collection and Control System (GCCS) over the in-place municipal solid waste (MSW) in Cell 16. Basic Construction Services and Expanded Construction Services will be negotiated at a later date as a separate contract. In addition to the Cell 16 Final Cover and GCCS design, the City also has determined the need for professional services for the design, bidding, and construction of litter control netting along the perimeter of Cell 18 with emphasis on the western and northern portion. Services through construction of the litter control netting will be included in this scope of services but will be allocated exclusively to subtasks 1.13, 2.23, and 3.07. Task 4 and Task 5 in their entirety are exclusively reserved for the litter control project component. It is anticipated that the Cell 16 Final Cover improvements will include the following: 1. Preliminary final cover system design which will incorporate current permit requirements and South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) standards. 2. Analysis of current fill grades and relationship to final permitted contours. A ground survey will be required to determine if Landfill Operations has reached or exceeded permitted waste grades. 3. On-site geotechnical investigations for clay materials and borrow areas. 4. Integrating the proposed final cover system into the existing capped cells located to the north and east; also ensuring the future cells to the south may be filled adequately and efficiently against the proposed capped cells. -
Rates 2017.Xlsx
Facilities with Scales - Schedule of Charges March 2017 Description Charges GENERAL Basic Gate Fee $50 per ton Minimum Gate Fee Charge for Waste $5.00 Recyclable Materials Drop Off No Charge TYPE OF MATERIAL HOUSEHOLD TRASH Up to 200 lbs. minimum Gate Fee $5.00 $0.50 each additional 20 lb. increment or fraction CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION (C&D) C&D with no concrete, recyclables, green waste or chipable wood $50 per ton minimum $5.00 Separated Concrete $25 per ton minimum $5.00 Separated chipable wood $25 per ton minimum $5.00 Mixed C&D (household trash, recyclables, green waste and/or concrete in the load) $175 per ton minimum $5.00 GREEN WASTE Lawn Clippings/Leaves, Up to 400lbs. Minimum Gate Fee $5.00 yard waste, brush, shrubs, $.0.50 each additional 40lb. Increment or fraction trees, branches, woodchips. Tree Stumps $4.00 less than 24" plus Gate Fee $5.00 $12.00 greater than 24" plus Gate Fee $5.00 Mixed Debris (Green waste, household trash,recyclables and/or concrete in the load) $175 per ton minimum $5.00 ANIMALS Small (less than 25 lbs.) $5.00 each + $5.00 Gate Fee Medium (25-200 lbs.) $10.00 each + $5.00 Gate Fee Large (more than 200lbs.) $30.00 each + $5.00 Gate Fee FURNITURE $5.00 minimum Gate Fee plus $4.00 per item ELECTRONIC WASTE No Charge UNIVERSAL WASTE No Charge RESIDENTIAL HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE No Charge COMMERCIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE Not accepted SEPTAGE Inyo $65.00 first 3,000 gallons $42.00 per additional 1,000 gallons or increment Out of County $130.00 first $3,000 gallons $84.00 per addional 1,000 gallons or increment Facilities with Scales - Schedule of Charges March 2017 Description Charges TIRES Auto & light truck $4.00 for 19" rim or less + $5.00 Gate Fee $8.00 for 20" - 24.5" rim + $5.00 Gate Fee Tractor/Heavy Equipment Tire $30 For Up to 100 lbs + $5.00 Gate Fee $40 over 100 lbs. -
00 Gate Fee Schedule
EFFECTIVE Nov. 17, 2020 GATE FEE SUMMARY Walker Transfer Station / Lanfill Mono County Solid Waste Program *All prices for waste that must be transported off-site include a $20/ton Transportation Surcharge GREEN ITALICIZED TEXT = RECYCLED MATERIAL Category / Item Description Unit Cost Minimum Gate Fee ....................................................................................................................... $5.00 per load Household and Commercial Waste. “First” Garbage Can(s) (up to 82 gallons, or any portion thereof) .................................................. $5.00 Additional Cans (up to 41 gallons each, or any portion thereof) ............................................. $2.50 Mixed Waste, Generally ......................................................................................................... $11.75 per cu. yd. Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Mixed Building C&D Debris -- 2 CUBIC YARD DAILY LIMIT (painted wood, furniture, drywall, insulation, plumbing fixtures, mattresses, cementitious building products, carpet, other misc. bldg. debris) ..................................................................................................................... $16.50 per cu. yd. Recyclable Building C&D Debris (un-painted lumber, engineered wood products) …$5.00 per cu. yd. Wood, Green Waste, and Similar Organics. Organics8 (clean loads of bark, hay, grass clippings, sod, tumbleweeds) ............................... $5.00 per load Wood (clean loads of prunings, brush, tree limbs and trunks less than 18” -
Waste Minimisation
Waste Minimisation An Environmental Good Practice Guide For Industry This guide will help industry and the Environment Agency move forward together to minimise waste and achieve national environmental goals WASTE MINIMISATION An Environmental Good Practice Guide for Industry “The cost of your waste is not so much the cost of getting rid of it as the value of what you are getting rid of!” Published by the Environment Agency April 2001, to help business achieve sustainable practice through waste minimisation. Revised edition April 2001. First published April 1998. i Waste Minimisation Good Practice Guide Environment Agency April 2001 FOREWORD Minimise waste – maximise profit The way we use our planet’s natural resources is now widely recognised as one of the root causes of many environmental problems. Waste and industrial emissions have a major impact on the environment both nationally and globally. Effects such as global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, air and water pollution are all derived from local emissions, but the resources consumed may be mined and manufactured from anywhere in the world. From extraction to consumption the global economy consumes vast quantities of raw materials, water and energy. In the UK some 600 million tonnes of raw materials, excluding water, are used each year. More than 90 per cent of the resources we consume are either thrown away as wastes or discharged to the environment as effluent or air emissions. Since the Environment Agency first published this guide in 1998, waste minimisation has become an established business practice for many organisations and thousands of businesses have now implemented waste reduction programmes. -
Decommissioning Or Relining Domestic Wastewater Ponds
Decommissioning or Relining Domestic Wastewater Ponds Requirements and Procedures Purpose The purpose of this fact sheet is to describe regulatory requirements and provide guidance for the decommissioning or relining of domestic wastewater treatment ponds. These requirements may include (but are not limited to): • removal and disposal of biosolids • sealing/capping of any groundwater monitoring wells • proper demolition, capping, and elimination of treatment components Permittees with a domestic wastewater treatment pond system that are eliminating the use of ponds (either through replacement with a new treatment system, or closure of the treatment system altogether) cannot abandon the ponds “as is”, due to potential safety, environmental and human health hazards. Biosolids accumulated on the pond bottom contain a number of pollutants, nutrients, and pathogenic organisms that must be handled properly before abandoning or re-using the structure. When are Ponds Decommissioned? After domestic wastewater ponds cease to receive wastewater for treatment and all the flows are conveyed to another facility, the biosolids in them are subject to one of the following rules and must meet requirements for use or disposal. Rules and Regulations that Apply • 40 Code of Federal Regulation [CFR], ch. 503 Standards for the Use of Disposal of Sewage Sludge. This rule covers the options for the use or disposal of biosolids that are based on risk assessments done by the Environmental Protection Agency. This rule forms the basis of Minn. R. ch. 7041 for land application. • Minn. R. ch. 7041 – Biosolids Management Rule. This rule covers biosolids that are applied to the land for treatment and beneficial use. It also applies to the biosolids in a wastewater treatment pond once it ceases to receive wastewater. -
What Is Nonpoint Source Pollution?
What is Nonpoint Source Pollution? Nonpoint Source Pollution, or people pollution, is a contamination of our ground water, waterways, and ocean that results from everyday activities such as fertilizing the lawn, walking pets, changing motor oil and littering. With each rainfall, pollutants generated by these activities are washed into storm drains that flow into our waterways and ocean. They also can soak into the ground contaminating the ground water below. Each one of us, whether we know it or not, contributes to nonpoint source pollution through our daily activities. As a result, nonpoint source pollution is the BIGGEST threat to many of our ponds, creeks, lakes, wells, streams, rivers and bays, our ground water and the ocean. The collective impact of nonpoint source pollution threatens aquatic and marine life, recreational water activities, the fishing industry, tourism and our precious drinking water resources. Ultimately, the cost becomes the burden of every New Jersey resident. But there's good news - in our everyday activities we can stop nonpoint source pollution and keep our environment clean. Simple changes in YOUR daily lifestyle can make a tremendous difference in the quality of New Jersey's water resources. Here are just a few ways you can reduce nonpoint source pollution. LITTER: Place litter, including cigarette butts and fast food containers, in trash receptacles. Never throw litter in streets or down storm drains. Recycle as much as possible. FERTILIZERS: Fertilizers contain nitrates and phosphates that, in abundance, cause blooms of algae that can lead to fish kills. Avoid the overuse of fertilizers and do not apply them before a heavy rainfall. -
Chapter 14 the Economics of Marine Litter
Chapter 14 The Economics of Marine Litter Stephanie Newman, Emma Watkins, Andrew Farmer, Patrick ten Brink and Jean-Pierre Schweitzer Abstract This chapter aims to provide an overview of research into quantifying the economic impacts of marine litter. From an environmental economics perspec- tive it introduces the difficulties in measuring the economic costs of marine litter; reviews those sectors where these costs are notable; and considers policy instru- ments, which can reduce these costs. Marine litter is underpinned by dynamic and complex processes, the drivers and impacts of which are multi-scalar, trans- boundary, and play out in both marine and terrestrial environments. These impacts include economic costs to expenditure, welfare and lost revenue. In most cases, these are not borne by the producers or the polluters. In industries such as fisher- ies and tourism the costs of marine litter are beginning to be quantified and are considerable. In other areas such as impacts on human health, or more intangible costs related to reduced ecosystem services, more research is evidently needed. As the costs of marine litter are most often used to cover removing debris or recov- ering from the damage which they have caused, this expenditure represents treat- ment rather than cure, and although probably cheaper than inaction do not present a strategy for cost reduction. Economic instruments, such as taxes and charges addressing the drivers of waste, for instance those being developed for plastic bags, could be used to reduce the production of marine litter and minimise its impacts. In any case, there remain big gaps in our understanding of the harm caused by marine litter, which presents difficulties when attempting to both quantify its economic costs, and develop effective and efficient instruments to reduce them. -
Litter Decomposition on Directly Revegetated Tailings at the Kidston Gold Mine, North Queensland, Australia1
LITTER DECOMPOSITION ON DIRECTLY REVEGETATED TAILINGS AT THE KIDSTON GOLD MINE, NORTH QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA1 Andrew H. Grigg2 Abstract. An investigation of litter decomposition was undertaken at the Kidston Gold Mine in north Queensland, Australia with the aim of assessing the status of nutrient cycling capacity on a directly-revegetated tailings dam. Weight losses from leaf litter contained in litterbags placed in a 5-year old revegetated section of the dam were not significantly different from losses observed at two unmined reference sites over the 18 month study period, representing a rapid improvement in nutrient cycling capacity in the reconstructed ecosystem. However, fitted decay curves for each site predicted a slower decay constant and a longer litter half-life on the dam, which indicated that full pre-mining capability had not yet been achieved. Weight loss in the reconstructed system was most constrained by the low build-up of microbial biomass within the surface soil, which is expected to take at least 10 years to achieve pre-mining levels. In contrast, weight losses in the unmined sites appeared more related to the abundance of invertebrate fauna rather than microbial content. The results presented here of a developing system suggest that the importance of different factors affecting decomposition will reflect those that are most limiting over the course of ecosystem recovery. Additional Key Words: nutrient cycling, ecosystem recovery, microbial biomass, invertebrates. _____________________ 1Paper presented at the 2002 National Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation, Lexington KY, June 9-13, 2002. Published by ASMR, 3134 Montavesta Rd., Lexington, KY 40502. -
ANIMAL AGRICULTURE: Waste Management Practices GAO/RCED-99-205
United States General Accounting Office Report to the Honorable Tom Harkin, GAO Ranking Minority Member, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate July 1999 ANIMAL AGRICULTURE Waste Management Practices GAO/RCED-99-205 United States General Accounting Office GAO Washington, D.C. 20548 Resources, Community, and Economic Development Division B-282871 July 26, 1999 The Honorable Tom Harkin Ranking Minority Member Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry United States Senate Dear Senator Harkin: The production of livestock and poultry animals, also known as animal agriculture, is important to the economic well-being of the nation, producing $98.8 billion per year in farm revenue. This production also contributes to the viability of many rural communities and the sustainability of an adequate food supply for the American public. However, concern over pollution resulting from intensive livestock and poultry production—in which large numbers of animals are held in confined production facilities—has increased in recent years. Nationwide, about 130 times more animal waste1 is produced than human waste—roughly 5 tons for every U.S. citizen—and some operations with hundreds of thousands of animals produce as much waste as a town or a city.2 These large volumes of waste threaten surface water and groundwater quality in the event of waste spills, leakage from waste storage facilities, and runoff from fields on which an excessive amount of waste has been applied as fertilizer. Furthermore, as animal production is increasingly concentrated in larger operations and in certain regions of the country, commonly used animal waste management practices may no longer be adequate for preventing water pollution.