PW061119-07 Project 2448 Cell 16 Final Cover Exhibit a Scope of Work

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

PW061119-07 Project 2448 Cell 16 Final Cover Exhibit a Scope of Work EXHIBIT A SCOPE OF SERVICES Cell 16 Final Cover Project No. 18-2448 / CIP 51202 The City of Rapid City has determined the need to procure professional engineering services including Preliminary Design Services, Final Design Services, and Bidding Services for the installation and placement of a final cover system and Gas Collection and Control System (GCCS) over the in-place municipal solid waste (MSW) in Cell 16. Basic Construction Services and Expanded Construction Services will be negotiated at a later date as a separate contract. In addition to the Cell 16 Final Cover and GCCS design, the City also has determined the need for professional services for the design, bidding, and construction of litter control netting along the perimeter of Cell 18 with emphasis on the western and northern portion. Services through construction of the litter control netting will be included in this scope of services but will be allocated exclusively to subtasks 1.13, 2.23, and 3.07. Task 4 and Task 5 in their entirety are exclusively reserved for the litter control project component. It is anticipated that the Cell 16 Final Cover improvements will include the following: 1. Preliminary final cover system design which will incorporate current permit requirements and South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) standards. 2. Analysis of current fill grades and relationship to final permitted contours. A ground survey will be required to determine if Landfill Operations has reached or exceeded permitted waste grades. 3. On-site geotechnical investigations for clay materials and borrow areas. 4. Integrating the proposed final cover system into the existing capped cells located to the north and east; also ensuring the future cells to the south may be filled adequately and efficiently against the proposed capped cells. 5. Evaluation of the existing asbestos monofill disposal site and integration into the closure plan. 6. Establishing existing and future maintenance access roads to be used by Landfill Operations personnel including improvements as necessary to address traffic movements and drainage. 7. Construction phasing required to keep the Landfill operating efficiently, protecting the public safety, and maintain Landfill Operations within permit requirements. 8. Drainage improvements along the main access road to reduce roadway overtopping and erosion issues. 9. Methane Gas Collection System design and incorporation. 10. Site stabilization and revegetation design. It is anticipated that the Litter Control improvements will include the following: Page A - 1 1. The Consultant shall provide a preliminary netting and pole material evaluation and recommendations. The location evaluation will be discussed in a technical memorandum or Conceptual Design Report specific to the litter netting project. Upon completion of this task, the netting material evaluation will be narrowed down to the preferred materials before completing subsequent specifications and drawings. 2. The Consultant shall perform a preliminary semi-permanent litter netting location analysis and a temporary litter netting analysis. The semi-permanent litter netting is envisioned as being generally located on the perimeter of Cell 18 and the temporary litter netting is envisioned as the portable units currently utilized by Operations that may be set up on the leachate berm along the eastern side of Cell 18. The location analysis options will be discussed in a technical memorandum or Conceptual Design Report specific to the litter netting project. Upon completion of this task, the netting layout will be narrowed down to one preferred design before completing subsequent specifications and drawings. The litter control netting analysis shall also consider the concept of being able to reset or reuse components of the litter control system on the future cell expansions. 3. The Consultant shall provide the City a complete design, bidding, and construction project package for construction of the litter netting and also shall provide construction administration services for the litter control netting project to be installed along the perimeter of Cell 18. FMG was selected as the primary Consultant through the City’s selection process to provide Engineering Services for the overall Landfill Permit 2018 project and the above described tasks for the Cell 16 Final Cover; however, it was decided early during contract negotiations to enter into two separate Professional Services contracts. Therefore, Cell 16 Final Cover Tasks 1, 2, and 3 are included in this agreement. It is anticipated that a contract amendment for the Task 4 Basic Construction Services and Task 5 Expanded Construction Services will be negotiated prior to construction of the Cell 16 Final Cover and GCCS project construction. Negotiations are anticipated to occur sometime around October 2019. The level of effort and specific tasks for each phase of work is described in greater detail in the following sections. TASK 1 - PRELIMINARY DESIGN SERVICES: This task consists of all services necessary to take the project from beginning through the Preliminary Design submittal stage and may include the following itemized services: 1.01 Kick-off Conference: The Consultant shall meet with City staff to detail project concept and scope. The Consultant shall prepare an agenda, take minutes, and distribute minutes. 1.02 Review background information listed in the RFP, and any other resources as necessary. Background information includes City of Rapid City GIS maps, 2013 Solid Waste Permit, Title V Air Quality Permit, plans of existing facilities, and any operational plans or master plans on file for the facility. 1.03 Perform site surveys: This task consists of services required to perform a topographic survey for design. A portion of this tasks fee, in the amount of $4,000.00, will be billed as a lump-sum fee. A. Perform site surveys sufficient for design plan preparation. The route and topographic survey shall be in NAD 83 (2011) NAVD 88 South Dakota State Plane South Zone. One call locating service will be notified for marking of existing utilities. This task also Page A - 2 includes a Pre-Construction Survey to confirm final grades once waste placement operations are complete. This will provide an updated topographic survey as close to construction as possible to provide final quantities of required fill and cover materials after final waste elevations have been reached and any settlement of the waste has occurred. B. Perform initial site topographic survey for design. This task during waste placement to assist City with waste placement activities to ensure permitted final cover contour elevations are not exceeded and airspace is maximized. Drone Survey. Initial topographic survey will include a high definition aerial image for use in planning, design, and construction. This task does not include any engineering calculations or design. This task will be billed on a lump-sum fee basis by percent complete. 1.04 Determine Locations of Existing Infrastructure: A third-party locator may be required. If required, this performed by the City or contracted by the City. 1.05 Existing Leachate Collection System Evaluation and Recommendations: This task shall include an evaluation of the expected leachate volumes anticipated and review of Operations data to compare to the actual volume collected. The lift station and pump will also be reviewed to determine adequate function for expected leachate volume after Cell closure. Current maintenance and condition of the system will be reviewed with Operations to determine if work is necessary prior to Cell closure. This task does not include any engineering calculations or design. This task will be billed on a lump-sum fee basis by percent complete. 1.06 Landfill Gas Collection and Control System (GCCS) Expansion Design. This work shall include the work to design the GCCS system for Cell 16 and shall coordinate with the phasing of the placement of the final cover system. A. A portion of the background information review will be completed on a lump sum fee basis by percent complete. B. This portion of Task 1.06 will include the following subtasks and shall be billed on a time and materials basis. B.1 The remaining portion of the background information review will be completed and billed on a time and materials basis. B.2 Prepare an Overall GCCS Design to make certain that the proposed system in Cell 16 is adequately sized to convey the landfill gas (LFG) generated. Note that this scope of work does not include the development of any GCCS Overall Master Plan/LFG Phasing Plans or the evaluation of any existing equipment or infrastructure currently in place. The scope of services does include evaluation of the pipe network that will need to be installed in Cell 16 as part of the capping project. B.3 Reimbursibles: This line item includes expenses related to travel. This item does not include hourly labor. The estimate for this task assumes one trip to the site and includes additional printing and shipping costs. The estimate for this item is on a not-to-exceed basis. Unused funds in this item shall not be available for reallocation to other tasks. Page A - 3 The City is anticipating that the GCCS sub-consultant for this project will likely be under contract with the City for GCCS assistance and evaluation of GCCS components not directly related to the Cell 16 Final Cover project. It is recognized that better efficiency in design and project coordination should be achieved utilizing the same sub-consultant. Work that has been included in separate scopes, proposals, and/or contracts is not part of this contract. If work required for the Cell 16 GCCS system design has been completed under a separate contract, it will not be billed under this contract. Conversely, if work included in a separate scope or contract has not been completed and is required for Cell 16 GCCS system design, it is not part of this scope and would be additional work.
Recommended publications
  • Final Biosolids Management Plan September 2009 TABLE of CONTENTS
    BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT PLAN Prepared for: Spokane County Division of Utilities 1026 West Broadway Avenue, Fourth Floor Spokane, WA 99260-0430 September 2009 Final Prepared by: HDR Engineering, Inc. TABLE of CONTENTS Table of Contents Introduction and Background .................................................................. 1 Previous Studies .................................................................................................. 1 Wastewater Facilities Plan ........................................................................ 1 Wastewater Facilities Plan Amendment .................................................... 2 Ecology Approval of Wastewater Facilities Plan ........................................ 3 Changes after the Wastewater Facilities Plan Amendment ....................... 3 2006 Wastewater Facilities Plan Amendment ........................................... 4 Environmental Analysis ............................................................................. 4 Authorization ........................................................................................................ 4 Purpose ................................................................................................................ 4 Plan Overview ...................................................................................................... 5 Spokane County Regional Water Reclamation Facility Overview ........ 6 SCRWRF Residuals ............................................................................................. 6 SCRWRF Biosolids
    [Show full text]
  • Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Operation and Management Workbook
    MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILL OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT WORKBOOK Revised April 2018 Preface In many ways, constructing, operating and maintaining a municipal solid waste landfill is similar to constructing, operating, and maintaining a highway, dam, canal, bridge, or other engineered structure. The most important similarity is that landfills, like other engineered structures, must be constructed and operated in a manner that will provide safe, long-term, and reliable service to the communities they serve. Proper design, construction, operation, monitoring, closure and post-closure care are critical because after disposal the waste can be a threat to human health and the environment for decades to centuries. This workbook is intended to provide municipal landfill operators and managers in Wyoming with the fundamental knowledge and technical background necessary to ensure that landfills are operated efficiently, effectively, and in a manner that is protective of human health and the environment. This workbook contains information regarding basic construction and operation activities that are encountered on a routine basis at most landfills. The basic procedures and fundamental elements of landfill permitting, construction management, monitoring, closure, post-closure care, and financial assurance are also addressed. The workbook includes informative tips and information that landfill operators and managers can use to conserve landfill space, minimize the potential for pollution, reduce operating costs, and comply with applicable rules and regulations. In addition to this workbook, operators and managers need to become familiar with the Wyoming Solid Waste Rules and Regulations applicable to municipal solid waste. The DEQ also provides numerous guidelines that may help understand regulatory requirements in more detail.
    [Show full text]
  • Decommissioning Or Relining Domestic Wastewater Ponds
    Decommissioning or Relining Domestic Wastewater Ponds Requirements and Procedures Purpose The purpose of this fact sheet is to describe regulatory requirements and provide guidance for the decommissioning or relining of domestic wastewater treatment ponds. These requirements may include (but are not limited to): • removal and disposal of biosolids • sealing/capping of any groundwater monitoring wells • proper demolition, capping, and elimination of treatment components Permittees with a domestic wastewater treatment pond system that are eliminating the use of ponds (either through replacement with a new treatment system, or closure of the treatment system altogether) cannot abandon the ponds “as is”, due to potential safety, environmental and human health hazards. Biosolids accumulated on the pond bottom contain a number of pollutants, nutrients, and pathogenic organisms that must be handled properly before abandoning or re-using the structure. When are Ponds Decommissioned? After domestic wastewater ponds cease to receive wastewater for treatment and all the flows are conveyed to another facility, the biosolids in them are subject to one of the following rules and must meet requirements for use or disposal. Rules and Regulations that Apply • 40 Code of Federal Regulation [CFR], ch. 503 Standards for the Use of Disposal of Sewage Sludge. This rule covers the options for the use or disposal of biosolids that are based on risk assessments done by the Environmental Protection Agency. This rule forms the basis of Minn. R. ch. 7041 for land application. • Minn. R. ch. 7041 – Biosolids Management Rule. This rule covers biosolids that are applied to the land for treatment and beneficial use. It also applies to the biosolids in a wastewater treatment pond once it ceases to receive wastewater.
    [Show full text]
  • Waste Management
    10 Waste Management Coordinating Lead Authors: Jean Bogner (USA) Lead Authors: Mohammed Abdelrafie Ahmed (Sudan), Cristobal Diaz (Cuba), Andre Faaij (The Netherlands), Qingxian Gao (China), Seiji Hashimoto (Japan), Katarina Mareckova (Slovakia), Riitta Pipatti (Finland), Tianzhu Zhang (China) Contributing Authors: Luis Diaz (USA), Peter Kjeldsen (Denmark), Suvi Monni (Finland) Review Editors: Robert Gregory (UK), R.T.M. Sutamihardja (Indonesia) This chapter should be cited as: Bogner, J., M. Abdelrafie Ahmed, C. Diaz, A. Faaij, Q. Gao, S. Hashimoto, K. Mareckova, R. Pipatti, T. Zhang, Waste Management, In Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [B. Metz, O.R. Davidson, P.R. Bosch, R. Dave, L.A. Meyer (eds)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Waste Management Chapter 10 Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................. 587 10.5 Policies and measures: waste management and climate ....................................................... 607 10.1 Introduction .................................................... 588 10.5.1 Reducing landfill CH4 emissions .......................607 10.2 Status of the waste management sector ..... 591 10.5.2 Incineration and other thermal processes for waste-to-energy ...............................................608 10.2.1 Waste generation ............................................591 10.5.3 Waste minimization, re-use and
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria C R Training Module Training
    Solid Waste and Emergency Response (5305W) EPA530-K-05-015 A R Introduction to Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria C R Training Module Training United States Environmental Protection September 2005 Agency SUBTITLE D: MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY CRITERIA CONTENTS 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 2. Regulatory Summary .............................................................................................................. 2 2.1 Subpart A: General Requirements ................................................................................... 3 2.2 Subpart B: Location Restrictions ..................................................................................... 6 2.3 Subpart C: Operating Criteria .......................................................................................... 8 2.4 Subpart D: Design Criteria ..............................................................................................12 2.5 Subpart E: Groundwater Monitoring and Corrective Action ..........................................12 2.6 Subpart F: Closure and Post-Closure Care ......................................................................17 2.7 Subpart G: Financial Assurance Criteria .........................................................................19 Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria - 1 1. INTRODUCTION This module provides a summary of the regulatory criteria for municipal solid waste
    [Show full text]
  • Waste Management Facilities
    Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES WORLD BANK GROUP Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Waste Management Facilities Introduction capacity of the environment, and other project factors, are taken into account. The applicability of specific technical The Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines are recommendations should be based on the professional opinion technical reference documents with general and industry- of qualified and experienced persons. When host country specific examples of Good International Industry Practice regulations differ from the levels and measures presented in the (GIIP)1. When one or more members of the World Bank Group EHS Guidelines, projects are expected to achieve whichever is are involved in a project, these EHS Guidelines are applied as more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures than those required by their respective policies and standards. These provided in these EHS Guidelines are appropriate, in view of industry sector EHS guidelines are designed to be used specific project circumstances, a full and detailed justification for together with the General EHS Guidelines document, which any proposed alternatives is needed as part of the site-specific provides guidance to users on common EHS issues potentially environmental assessment. This justification should applicable to all industry sectors. For complex projects, use of demonstrate that the choice for any alternate performance multiple industry-sector guidelines may be necessary. A levels is protective of human health and the environment. complete list of industry-sector guidelines can be found at: www.ifc.org/ifcext/enviro.nsf/Content/EnvironmentalGuidelines Applicability The EHS Guidelines contain the performance levels and The EHS Guidelines for Waste Management cover facilities or measures that are generally considered to be achievable in new projects dedicated to the management of municipal solid waste facilities by existing technology at reasonable costs.
    [Show full text]
  • EPA's Guide for Industrial Waste Management
    Guide for Industrial Waste Management Protecting Land Ground Water Surface Water Air Building Partnerships Introduction EPA’s Guide for Industrial Waste Management Introduction Welcome to EPA’s Guide for Industrial Waste Management. The pur- pose of the Guide is to provide facility managers, state and tribal regulators, and the interested public with recommendations and tools to better address the management of land-disposed, non-haz- ardous industrial wastes. The Guide can help facility managers make environmentally responsible decisions while working in partnership with state and tribal regulators and the public. It can serve as a handy implementation reference tool for regulators to complement existing programs and help address any gaps. The Guide can also help the public become more informed and more knowledgeable in addressing waste management issues in the community. In the Guide, you will find: • Considerations for siting industrial waste management units • Methods for characterizing waste constituents • Fact sheets and Web sites with information about individual waste constituents • Tools to assess risks that might be posed by the wastes • Principles for building stakeholder partnerships • Opportunities for waste minimization • Guidelines for safe unit design • Procedures for monitoring surface water, air, and ground water • Recommendations for closure and post-closure care Each year, approximately 7.6 billion tons of industrial solid waste are generated and disposed of at a broad spectrum of American industrial facilities. State, tribal, and some local governments have regulatory responsibility for ensuring proper management of these wastes, and their pro- grams vary considerably. In an effort to establish a common set of industrial waste management guidelines, EPA and state and tribal representatives came together in a partnership and developed the framework for this voluntary Guide.
    [Show full text]
  • Alternative Final Cover for a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Contents 1
    TCEQ REGULATORY GUIDANCE Waste Permits Division RG-494 ● Revised March 2017 Guidance for Requesting a Water Balance (WB) Alternative Final Cover for a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................2 2. Applicability ...................................................................................................................................2 3. WB Cover Overview .......................................................................................................................2 4. Design and Permitting Options for WB Covers ......................................................................3 4.1. Option 1 – Statewide Design Table ....................................................................................3 4.2. Option 2 – Cover Performance Verification .....................................................................3 4.3. Option 3 – Model Calibration ..............................................................................................6 4.4. Option 4 – Landfills in Arid Areas .....................................................................................8 5. Modeling Guidelines for Options 2, 3, and 4 ..........................................................................8 5.1. Recognized Modeling Scenarios .........................................................................................9 5.1.1. 20-Year Weather Data Approach ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT for LOCAL GOVERNMENTS a Practical Guide
    INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS A Practical Guide Improving solid waste management is crucial for countering public health impacts of uncollected waste and environmental impacts of open dumping and burning. This practical reference guide introduces key concepts of integrated solid waste management and identifi es crosscutting issues in the sector, derived mainly from fi eld experience in the technical assistance project Mainstreaming Integrated Solid Waste Management in Asia. This guide contains over 40 practice briefs covering solid waste management planning, waste categories, waste containers and collection, waste processing and diversion, landfi ll development, landfi ll operations, and contract issues. About the Asian Development Bank ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacifi c region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to a large share of the world’s poor. ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Based in Manila, ADB is owned by members, including from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance. INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS A Practical Guide ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines 9 789292 578374 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK www.adb.org Tool Kit for Solid Waste Management in Asian_COVER.indd 1 6/1/2017 5:14:11 PM INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS A Practical Guide Improving solid waste management is crucial for countering the public health impacts of uncollected waste as well as the environmental impacts of open dumping and burning.
    [Show full text]
  • TB900 Compilation of Alternative Landfill Cover Experience Using
    ncasi NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR AIR AND STREAM IMPROVEMENT COMPILATION OF ALTERNATIVE LANDFILL COVER EXPERIENCE USING WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT RESIDUALS TECHNICAL BULLETIN NO. 900 MAY 2005 by Van Maltby NCASI Northern Regional Center Kalamazoo, Michigan Acknowledgments This report was prepared by Van Maltby, Project Leader at the NCASI Northern Regional Center. This report is a compilation of many earlier publications in which individuals were recognized for their work on the project. NCASI staff members who have made particularly notable contributions to this research include Dr. William Thacker, Laurel Eppstein, Jay Unwin, and Reid Miner. Dr. Craig Benson (University of Wisconsin) was also instrumental in this research. Editorial and formatting assistance was provided by Anna Aviza, Communications Specialist. This research was partially funded by a USEPA Region 5 Beneficial Use Demonstration grant. For more information about this research, contact: Van Maltby Reid Miner Project Leader Vice President, Sustainable Manufacturing NCASI Northern Regional Center NCASI Western Michigan University P.O. Box 13318 A-114 Parkview Campus, Mail Stop 5436 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3318 Kalamazoo, MI 49008 (919) 941-6408 (269) 276-3550 [email protected] [email protected] For information about NCASI publications, contact: Publications Coordinator NCASI P.O. Box 13318 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3318 (919) 941-6400 [email protected] National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc. (NCASI). 2005. Compilation of alternative landfill cover experience using wastewater treatment plant residuals. Technical Bulletin No. 900. Research Triangle Park, N.C.: National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc. © 2005 by the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • FACT SHEET – Alternative Final Covers for Low-Risk MSW Landfills
    FACT SHEET – Alternative Final Covers For Low-Risk MSW Landfills Nevada solid waste regulations (NAC 444.6891) require that final covers for MSW landfills be designed to minimize infiltration and erosion. The prescriptive design is a barrier layer consisting of at least 18 inches of compacted low-permeability (1 x 10-5 cm/sec) soil covered by an erosion layer of at least 6 inches of soil capable of sustaining the growth of native plants. In addition to this prescriptive standard, the Solid Waste Management Authority may approve an alternative final cover design that provides equivalent protection from infiltration and erosion. There is a substantial body of evidence which indicates that alternative final cover designs which maximize moisture removal from the cover through the natural processes of evapo-transpiration and runoff can prevent infiltration as well as, or better than, the prescriptive design, especially in arid regions. Additionally, construction of an alternative cover may also cost less at locations which do not have low-permeability soils available. At disposal sites where the risks to public health and the environment are relatively high, a thorough evaluation of an alternative cover design should be conducted based on site- specific information. This process, however, can be time-consuming as well as expensive and is not appropriate at sites with a relatively low risk. Low-Risk Sites and Generic Design The risk of leachate generation and ground-water contamination at some of Nevada’s municipal landfills is very low. For purposes of alternative final cover evaluation, NDEP considers sites with the following characteristics to be low-risk: • groundwater is at least 100 feet below ground surface; • very small, i.e., have disposed less than an average of 2 ton/day or the amount generated by a community of approximately 1000 inhabitants (based on 4.4 lb/person/day generation rate); • have not employed deep waste disposal practices, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Use of Lime-Treated Wastewater Sludge-Soil Mixtures for Daily Cover in Solid Waste Landfills
    USE OF LIME-TREATED WASTEWATER SLUDGE-SOIL MIXTURES FOR DAILY COVER IN SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS by Aziz Amoozegar, Department of Soil Science Morton A. Barlaz, Department of Civil Engineering A.R. Rubin, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27965 Special Report Series No. 16 The research on which this report is based was financed by the Charlotte­ Mecklenburg Utility Department through the N.C. Water Resources Research Institute (Urban Water Consortium) . Contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Utility Department (CMUD) or the N.C. Water Resources Research Institute (Urban Water Consortium) nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute their endorsement by either agency. WRRI Project No. 50174, 50175, 50176 January 1995 ABSTRACT Increased quantities of wastewater treatment sludge, coupled with more stringent regulations, make it important to develop alternative strategies for residuals management. The use of a mixture of anaerobically digested, lime-stabilized wastewater sludge (LSS) and soil as a cover material for landfills was evaluated for its physical properties, its effect on refuse decomposition and leachate quality. Laboratory tests indicated that the LSS reduced the density of the LSS-soil mixture while the saturated hydraulic conductivity of LSS-soil mixtures increased with greater fractions of LSS. The presence of LSS at values of 50% and above also increased the water holding capacity of LSS-soil mixtures. There were significant differences in liquid limits and plastic limits between soil only and LSS-soil mixtures. Tests on the effect of LSS-soil mixture cover on refuse decomposition were conducted in 4-liter reactors filled with shredded refuse and operated to accelerate refuse stabilization.
    [Show full text]