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Pakaraimaea Dipterocarpacea
The Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community in a Neotropical Forest Dominated by the Endemic Dipterocarp Pakaraimaea dipterocarpacea Matthew E. Smith1*, Terry W. Henkel2, Jessie K. Uehling2, Alexander K. Fremier3, H. David Clarke4, Rytas Vilgalys5 1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America, 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, United States of America, 3 Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America, 4 Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Asheville, Asheville, North Carolina, United States of America, 5 Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America Abstract Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) plants and fungi can be diverse and abundant in certain tropical ecosystems. For example, the primarily paleotropical ECM plant family Dipterocarpaceae is one of the most speciose and ecologically important tree families in Southeast Asia. Pakaraimaea dipterocarpacea is one of two species of dipterocarp known from the Neotropics, and is also the only known member of the monotypic Dipterocarpaceae subfamily Pakaraimoideae. This Guiana Shield endemic is only known from the sandstone highlands of Guyana and Venezuela. Despite its unique phylogenetic position and unusual geographical distribution, the ECM fungal associations of P. dipterocarpacea are understudied throughout the tree’s range. In December 2010 we sampled ECM fungi on roots of P. dipterocarpacea and the co-occurring ECM tree Dicymbe jenmanii (Fabaceae subfamily Caesalpinioideae) in the Upper Mazaruni River Basin of Guyana. Based on ITS rDNA sequencing we documented 52 ECM species from 11 independent fungal lineages. Due to the phylogenetic distance between the two host tree species, we hypothesized that P. -
Impacts of Global Climate Change on the Phenology of African Tropical Ecosystems
IMPACTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PHENOLOGY OF AFRICAN TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS GABRIELA S. ADAMESCU MSc by Research UNIVERSITY OF YORK Biology October 2016 1 Abstract The climate has been changing at an unprecedented rate, affecting natural systems around the globe. Its impact has been mostly reflected through changes in species’ phenology, which has received extensive attention in the current global-change research, mainly in temperate regions. However, little is known about phenology in African tropical forests. Africa is known to be vulnerable to climate change and filling the gaps is an urgent matter. In this study we assess plant phenology at the individual, site and continental level. We first compare flowering and fruiting events of species shared between multiple sites, accounting for three quantitative indicators, such as frequency, fidelity for conserving a certain frequency and seasonal phase. We complement this analysis by assessing interannual trends of flowering and fruiting frequency and fidelity to their dominant frequency at 11 sites. We complete the bigger picture by analysing flowering and fruiting frequency of African tropical trees at the site and community level. Next, we correlate three climatic indices (ENSO, IOD and NAO) with flowering and fruiting events at the canopy level, at 16 sites. Our results suggest that 30 % of the studied species show plasticity or adaptability to different environments and will most likely be resilient to moderate future climate change. At both site and continental level, we found that annual flowering cycles are dominant, indicating strong seasonality in the case of more than 50% of African tropical species under investigation. -
Tree Composition and Ecological Structure of Akak Forest Area
Environment and Natural Resources Research; Vol. 9, No. 4; 2019 ISSN 1927-0488 E-ISSN 1927-0496 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Tree Composition and Ecological Structure of Akak Forest Area Agbor James Ayamba1,2, Nkwatoh Athanasius Fuashi1, & Ayuk Elizabeth Orock1 1 Department of Environmental Science, University of Buea, Cameroon 2 Ajemalebu Self Help, Kumba, South West Region, Cameroon Correspondence: Agbor James Ayamba, Department of Environmental Science, University of Buea, Cameroon. Tel: 237-652-079-481. E-mail: [email protected] Received: August 2, 2019 Accepted: September 11, 2019 Online Published: October 12, 2019 doi:10.5539/enrr.v9n4p23 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v9n4p23 Abstract Tree composition and ecological structure were assessed in Akak forest area with the objective of assessing the floristic composition and the regeneration potentials. The study was carried out between April 2018 to February 2019. A total of 49 logged stumps were selected within the Akak forest spanning a period of 5 years and 20m x 20m transects were demarcated. All plants species <1cm and above were identified and recorded. Results revealed that a total of 5239 individuals from 71 families, 216 genera and 384species were identified in the study area. The maximum plants species was recorded in the year 2015 (376 species). The maximum number of species and regeneration potentials was found in the family Fabaceae, (99 species) and (31) respectively. Baphia nitida, Musanga cecropioides and Angylocalyx pynaertii were the most dominant plants specie in the years 2013, 2015 and 2017 respectively. The year 2017 depicts the highest Simpson diversity with value of (0.989) while the year 2015 show the highest Simpson dominance with value of (0.013). -
Endangered Allanblackia Species
Endangered Allanblackia Species: Allanblackia gabonensis Allanblackia stuhlmannii Allanblackia ulugurensis Prota 14: Vegetable oils/Oléagineux Record display Allanblackia stuhlmannii (Engl.) Engl. Protologue Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. II–IV Nachtr. 1: 249 (1897). Family Clusiaceae (Guttiferae) Vernacular names Mkange, mkanye, mkimbo, mshambo, mwaka (Sw). Origin and geographic distribution Allanblackia stuhlmannii is endemic to Tanzania, where it occurs in the Eastern Arc Mountains, extending through Iringa Region to the Southern Highlands. Uses The seed yields an edible fat called ‘allanblackia fat’ or ‘kanye butter’. It is used in cooking and has been used as a substitute for butter and cocoa butter, and to make candles. Recently, the international food industry has become interested in the fat as a natural solid component for margarines and similar products. The presscake is bitter and contains tannins, but is sometimes used as animal feed. The seeds are used as bait for small game. The wood is used for construction, cheap joinery, boxes, crates, beehives and water containers. It is also used as fuel. In traditional medicine, the leaves are chewed to treat cough, while the leaves, bark and roots are used to treat impotence. A seed extract is rubbed in to treat rheumatism. The fat is applied as a liniment on aching joints, wounds and rashes and small quantities are taken to treat rheumatism. Hehe people rub the fat mixed with pounded seeds of Psorospermum febrifugum Spach on deep cracks in the soles of the feet. The bark yields a yellow dye. Female trees of Allanblackia stuhlmannii are retained when land is cleared for cultivation and are possibly occasionally planted for shade in crops and for amenity. -
Distribution and Ecology of Allanblackia Spp. (Clusiaceae) in African Rain Forests with Special Attention to the Development of a Wild Picking System of the Fruits
Distribution and ecology of Allanblackia spp. (Clusiaceae) in African rain forests with special attention to the development of a wild picking system of the fruits Photo: Fruit of Allanblackia kimbiliensis (Clusiaceae) in Bwindi forest, western Uganda Source: People and plants Online, Kew, London (http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/peopleplants/wp/wp4/bwindi.htm) Renaat Van Rompaey PhD ECOSYN Consulting, Wageningen Report to Unilever Research Laboratories, Vlaardingen 2nd draft, part West Africa, and 2nd draft part Central Africa, 6 September 2003 Address of the author: Renaat Van Rompaey ECOSYN Consulting Wim Sonneveldstraat 24 NL-6708 NB Wageningen, The Netherlands ([email protected]; tel.: +31-6-234 69 633) 2 Abstract Allanblackia trees have the largest fruits of all plants in the African rain forest. The seeds are known to contain edible fat, but have only scarcely been used on a commercial scale, e.g. in Tanzania. In most parts of Africa, the use of Allanblackia has been decreased over the last 50 years to the favour of other, mostly liquid oils. Nevertheless, Allanblackia has been identified by amongst others FAO as a crop of high potential interest to the development of rural communities. This work aims to contribute to the development of this idea by quantifying the potential on a district level. The nine species of Allanblackia are mainly distributed in wet evergreen rain forest, lowland from Sierra Leone to Congo, and upland eastwards to Tanzania. In west and central Africa the species become much more abundant in the very wet forest types, reaching densities above 1000 trees per km2. Data from timber inventories were processed to estimate the density of Allanblackia trees. -
Contribution À L'étude De Tabernanthe Iboga H. Bn La Présidente Du Juryldirectrice De Thèse
Contribution à l’étude de Tabernanthe Iboga H. Bn Loïc Sanner To cite this version: Loïc Sanner. Contribution à l’étude de Tabernanthe Iboga H. Bn. Sciences pharmaceutiques. 2007. hal-01739063 HAL Id: hal-01739063 https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01739063 Submitted on 20 Mar 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. AVERTISSEMENT Ce document est le fruit d'un long travail approuvé par le jury de soutenance et mis à disposition de l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire élargie. Il est soumis à la propriété intellectuelle de l'auteur. Ceci implique une obligation de citation et de référencement lors de l’utilisation de ce document. D'autre part, toute contrefaçon, plagiat, reproduction illicite encourt une poursuite pénale. Contact : [email protected] LIENS Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 122. 4 Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 335.2- L 335.10 http://www.cfcopies.com/V2/leg/leg_droi.php http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/infos-pratiques/droits/protection.htm '- 1 ( f it1Ai l ~~'-Ic /Uf UNIVERSITE HENRI POINCARE - NANCY 1 2007 FACULTE DE PHARMACIE CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DE TABERNANTHE [BOGA H. -
Floristic Diversity Across the Cameroon Mountains: the Case of Bakossi National Park and Mt Nlonako
Floristic Diversity across the Cameroon Mountains: The Case of Bakossi National Park and Mt Nlonako i Floristic Diversity across the Cameroon Mountains The case of Bakossi National Park and Mt Nlonako Technical Report Prepared and Submitted to the Rufford Small Grant Foundation, UK By Sainge Nsanyi Moses, Ngoh Michael Lyonga and Benedicta Jailuhge Tropical Plant Exploration Group (TroPEG) Cameroon June 2018 ii To cite this work: Sainge, MN., Lyonga, NM., Jailuhge B., (2018) Floristic Diversity across the Cameroon Mountains: The case of Bakossi National Park, and Mt Nlonako. Technical Report to the Rufford Small Grant Foundation UK, by Tropical Plant Exploration Group (TroPEG) Cameroon Authors: Sainge, MN., Lyonga NM., and Jailuhge B., Title: Floristic Diversity across the Cameroon Mountains: The case of Bakossi National Park, and Mt Nlonako. Tropical Plant Exploration Group (TroPEG) Cameroon P.O. Box 18 Mundemba, Ndian division, Southwest Region [email protected]; [email protected], Tel: (+237) 677513599 iii Acknowledgement We must comment that this is the fourth grant awarded as grant number 19476-D (being the second booster RSG ) which Tropical Plant Exploration Group (TroPEG) Cameroon has received from the Rufford Small Grant (RSG) Foundation UK. We are sincerely grateful and wish to express our deep hearted thanks for the immensed support since 2011. Our sincere appreciation also goes to the Government of Cameroon through the Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation (MINRESI) and the Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife (MINFOF) for granting authorization to carry out this work. Special gratitute goes to Dr. Mabel Nechia Wantim of the University of Buea for her contribution in developing the maps. -
List of Plant Species Identified in the Northern Part of the Lope Reserve, Gabon*
TROPICS 3 (3/4): 249-276 Issued March, 1994 List of Plant Species Identified in the Northern Part of the Lope Reserve, Gabon* Caroline E.G. TUTIN Centre International de Recherche Medicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon; Department of Biological and Molecular Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland. Lee J. T. WHITE NYZS-The Wildlife Conservation Society, U.S.A.; Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland; Programme de Conservation et Utilisation Rationelle des Ecosystemes Forestiers d'Afrique Centrale (ECOFAC), Composante Gabon (Projet FED, CCE DG VIII). Elizabeth A. WILLIAMSON Psychology Department, University of Stirling, Scotland. Michel FERNANDEZ Centre International de Recherche Medicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon; Department of Biological and Molecular Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland; Programme de Conservation et Utilisation Rationelle des Ecosystemes Forestiers d' Afrique Centrale (ECOFAC), Composante Gabon (Projet FED, CCE DG VIII). Gordon MCPHERSON Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Research on lowland gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla) and chimpanzees (Pan t. troglodytes) began at the 'Station d'Etudes des Gorilles et Chimpanzes' in the Lope Reserve, central Gabon, in 1983 and is on-going. This paper lists 676 species of plants belonging to 91 families that occur in the 50 sq. km study area. Data on trees with diameters of 10 cm or more were collected systematically along line transects and opportunistic collections of fertile plants were made. For each plant species, the life-form, habitat preference and density (for trees recorded on transects) are listed. For plants that provide food for gorillas and chimpanzees, the part eaten is given. -
Kamalebo Etal 2019 Africanjo
Received: 7 December 2017 | Revised: 15 October 2018 | Accepted: 17 January 2019 DOI: 10.1111/aje.12595 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Host plants and edaphic factors influence the distribution and diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungal fruiting bodies within rainforests from Tshopo, Democratic Republic of the Congo Héritier Milenge Kamalebo1,2 | Hippolyte Nshimba Seya Wa Malale1 | Cephas Masumbuko Ndabaga3 | Léon Nsharwasi Nabahungu4 | Jérôme Degreef5,6 | André De KeseL5 1Faculté des sciences, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, D R Congo Abstract 2Centre de Recherches Universitaires du Ectomycorrhizal fungi constitute an important component of forest ecosystems that Kivu (CERUKI)/ISP, Bukavu, D R Congo enhances plant nutrition and resistance against stresses. Diversity of ectomycorrhi‐ 3Faculté des sciences, Université Officielle de Bukavu, Bukavu, D R Congo zal (EcM) fungi is, however, affected by host plant diversity and soil heterogeneity. 4International Institute of Tropical This study provides information about the influence of host plants and soil resources Agriculture, IITA‐Kalambo, Bukavu, D R on the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungal fruiting bodies from rainforests of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo. Based on the presence of fungal fruiting bodies, 5Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgique 6Fédération Wallonie‐Bruxelles, Service significant differences in the number of ectomycorrhizal fungi species existed be‐ Général de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de tween forest stand types (p < 0.001). The most ectomycorrhizal species‐rich forest la Recherche Scientifique, Brussels, Belgium was the Gilbertiodendron dewevrei‐dominated forest (61 species). Of all 93 species of Correspondence ectomycorrhizal fungi, 19 demonstrated a significant indicator value for particular Héritier Milenge Kamalebo, Faculté des sciences, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, forest stand types. -
Flora 4.34MB
Baseline Vegetation and Flora Assessment, Yaligimba Concession, Feronia, DRC. Prepared by Leigh-Ann de Wet (M.Sc., Pri. Sci. Nat) For Digby Wells and Associates (International) Limited (Subsidiary of Digby Wells & Associates (Pty) Ltd) November 2015 LD Biodiversity Consulting Biodiversity Assessments, Baseline surveys and Impact Assessments and Integrated Management Solutions. www.ldbiodiversity.co.za [email protected] 083 352 1936 LD Biodiversity Consulting i Yaligimba Concession, Feronia This report should be cited as: L. de Wet (2014). Baseline Vegetation and Flora Assessment, Yaligimba Concession, Feronia, DRC. LD Biodiversity Consulting. Appointment of Specialist Leigh-Ann de Wet (LD Biodiversity Consulting) was commissioned by Digby Wells and Associates (International) Limited (Subsidiary of Digby Wells & Associates (Pty) Ltd) to undertake a vegetation and flora assessment along High Conservation Value Assessment goals (HCVRN 2014). Terms of reference were to review all information available on vegetation and flora of the region, as well as applying knowledge gained from a further brief site visit. Determinations of possible impacts associated with the existing plantation as well comments on High Conservation Value were also required. Details of Specialist Leigh-Ann de Wet LD Biodiversity Consulting Telephone: 083 352 1936 e-mail: [email protected] Expertise of the specialist M.Sc. in Botany from Rhodes University. Registered Professional Natural Scientist with the South African Council for Natural Scientific Professionals (Ecological Science). Registered with RSPO as a certified High Conservation Value Assessor (Plants), since 2011. Founded LD Biodiversity Consulting in 2014. Ecological Consultant since 2009. Conducted, or have been involved in over 100 Ecological Impact Assessments, Baseline surveys, Biodiversity Action Plans and Offset Plans throughout Africa. -
Allanblackia Oil: Phytochemistry and Use As a Functional Food
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 22333-22349; doi:10.3390/ijms160922333 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Review Allanblackia Oil: Phytochemistry and Use as a Functional Food Sara L. Crockett Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitaetsplatz 4/I, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +43-316-380-5525; Fax: +43-316-380-9860 Academic Editor: Maurizio Battino Received: 27 July 2015 / Accepted: 21 August 2015 / Published: 15 September 2015 Abstract: The consumption and commercial exploitation of Allanblackia (Clusiaceae) seed oils is of current interest. The favorable physicochemical characteristics of Allanblackia oil (solid at room temperature; high stearic acid content) lend food products that contain it (i.e., vegetable-based dairy products, ice cream, spreads) health advantages over others that contain higher levels of lauric, myristic, and/or palmitic acids, which can increase blood cholesterol levels. Such considerations are important for individuals prone to cardiovascular disease or with hypercholesterolemia. Domestication projects of several Allanblackia species in tropical Africa are underway, but wildcrafting of fruits to meet the seed demand still occurs. Proper species authentication is important, since only authenticated oil can be deemed safe for human consumption. The chemical constituency of Allanblackia seed oils, and potential roles of these phytochemicals in preventive strategies (e.g., as part of a healthy diet) and as pharmacological agents used to treat chronic disease were examined in this review. The primary and secondary metabolite constituency of the seed oils of nearly all Allanblackia species is still poorly known. -
A Preliminary Checklist of the Vascular Plants and a Key to Ficus of Goualougo Triangle, Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, Republic of Congo
A Preliminary checklist of the Vascular Plants and a key to Ficus of Goualougo Triangle, Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, Republic of Congo. Sydney Thony Ndolo Ebika MSc Thesis Biodiversity and Taxonomy of Plants University of Edinburgh Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Submitted: August 2010 Cover illustration: Aptandra zenkeri, Olacaceae Specimen: Ndolo Ebika, S.T. 28 By Sydney Thony Ndolo Ebika Acknowledgments Acknowledgments The achievement of this MSc thesis in Biodiversity and Taxonomy of Plants is the result of advice, support, help and frank collaboration between different people and organizations and institutions. Without these people this thesis could not have been achieved. My deep grateful thanks go to both Dr. Moutsamboté, J.-M. ( Rural Development Institute, Marien Ngouabi University, Republic of Congo ) and Dr. Harris, D.J. (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh) who gave me a powerful boost in studying plants during the botanic training workshop titled Inventory and Identification they organized at Kabo, Republic of Congo, in August 2006. Especially I would like to thank Dr. Harris, because the collaboration he established with the Goualougo Triangle Ape Project, Nouabalé- Ndoki National Park (NNNP), project I was working for, and his continued support for me has been very important to my training as a botanist. The Goualougo Triangle Ape Project (GTAP) is the area where all of the specimens treated in this thesis were collected. The team of this project was always looking after me night and day from 2006 to 2009. I would like to thank both principal investigators of the Triangle both Dr. Morgan, D. and Dr. Sanz, C. for their support to me.