A Guide to Hellenistic Literature

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

A Guide to Hellenistic Literature A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Kathryn Gutzwiller A Guide to Hellenistic Literature BLACKWELL GUIDES TO CLASSICAL LITERATURE Each volume offers coverage of political and cultural context, brief essays on key authors, historical figures, and the most important literary works, and a survey of crucial themes. The series provides the necessary background to read classical literature with confidence. Published A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Kathryn Gutzwiller A Guide to Ancient Greek Drama Ian C. Storey and Arlene Allan In preparation A Guide to Epic Poetry Brendon Reay and Timothy Hampton A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Kathryn Gutzwiller ß 2007 by Kathryn Gutzwiller BLACKWELL PUBLISHING 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Kathryn Gutzwiller to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gutzwiller, Kathryn J. A guide to Hellenistic literature / Kathryn Gutzwiller. p. cm.—(Blackwell guides to classical literature) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-631-23321-3 (hardcover: alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-631-23322-0 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Greek literature, Hellenistic—History and criticism. I. Title. PA3081.G88 2007 880.9’001–dc22 2006025004 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 10/12.5 Calisto by SPi Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed and bound in Singapore by COS Printers Pte Ltd The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elemen- tary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable environmental accreditation standards. For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: www.blackwellpublishing.com To Louise Price Hoy and In Memory of Barbara Hughes Fowler Contents List of Figures ix List of Maps x Preface xi 1 History and Culture 1 1.1 The Successors 2 1.2 Macedonia and Greece 4 1.3 Seleucid Asia 8 1.4 Attalid Pergamum 12 1.5 Ptolemaic Egypt 16 2 Aesthetics and Style 26 2.1 Aesthetic Principles 29 2.2 Meter, Dialect, and Diction 36 2.3 Literature as Artefact 43 3 Authors and Genres 50 3.1 Menander 50 3.2 Callimachus 60 3.3 Apollonius of Rhodes 74 3.4 Theocritus and the Other Bucolic Poets 84 3.5 Didactic Poetry 97 3.6 Epigrams 106 viii CONTENTS 3.7 Dramatic Poetry 120 3.8 Parodic and Philosophical Literature 131 3.9 Polybius 144 3.10 Technical Prose Writing 154 4 Topics in Hellenistic Literature 168 4.1 Learning and Innovation 169 4.2 Book Culture and Performance 178 4.3 Social and Political Background 188 4.4 The Critical Impulse in Literature and Art 202 4.5 Reception in Rome 213 Notes 223 Chronological Tables 228 Suggested Reading 230 Bibliography 239 Index 251 Figures 1.1 Tyche of Antioch 10 1.2 Altar of Zeus at Pergamum, as restored in Berlin 13 1.3 Dancing Satyr 15 1.4 Coin portrait of Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice I 16 1.5 Terracotta figurine of a young woman from Alexandria 19 1.6 Coin portrait of Ptolemy II and Arsinoe II 20 2.1 Girl with tablet on her knees 44 2.2 Writing materials 45 3.1 Manuscript illustration from Apollonius of Citium’s On Joints 164 4.1 Gem with portrait of a Ptolemaic queen 196 4.2 Thetis and the shield of Achilles 211 Maps 0.1 The Hellenistic Kingdoms (ca. 240 BC) xiii 0.2 Greece, Egypt, and Asia Minor xiv 1.1 Alexandria 18 Preface This Guide is intended to serve as an introduction to the literature of the Hellenistic age for students of classics and for general readers with an interest in the ancient world. Other books on the subject tend to focus on poetry and offer literary interpretation of major authors, together with a small number of more minor ones. This study covers a broader range of literature, so that, although poetry is treated most fully, prose texts, even those of a technical nature, receive some attention; an emphasis is placed on similarities and connections between literary texts within and across genres, and some attempt is made to set these works within their historical and cultural contexts. My goal is to inform rather than to argue positions or develop interpretations. The extant texts from the three centuries following the death of Alexander have been my main subject, but certain crucial works of Hellenistic literature, known only in fragmentary form, have been discussed as well. I also include a selection of other fragmentary texts and authors, in order to give a more rounded picture of genres and literary trends. The book begins with a chapter on history and culture, which focuses on the formation of the Hellenistic kingdoms and briefly discusses histor- ical, cultural, and literary developments in the territories belonging to the Antigonids, Seleucids, Attalids, and Ptolemies. The second chapter pro- vides basic information about the new aesthetics that informed Hellenistic literature. It includes a section on style, meter, and diction, and concludes with an overview of the physical nature of Hellenistic bookrolls. The third chapter is organized into sections on major authors and on selected generic types. Each section includes brief biographical xii PREFACE information, information about the literary forms being used, summary of the contents of texts, and brief interpretive remarks. The sections on generic types and multiple authors are designed to give a sense of the range of (often lost) Hellenistic literature and to suggest what cultural and aesthetic impulses produced the variety of literary forms found during the period. The last chapter treats major topics in Hellenistic literature. The inter- pretive trends presented here often overlap with more general approaches in literary criticism, even though scholars of Hellenistic literature tend not to fall into theoretical camps. Here I attempt to show how the philological approaches of nineteenth-century scholarship have shaped basic ideas about the learnedness of Hellenistic literature and its innovative features and how a growing awareness of the social background for the literature has produced a set of new, broader questions about such matters as the nature of reading and the role of performance, the interaction of authors with patrons, and methods of establishing identity within the complex world created in the aftermath of Alexander. In addition, I suggest some of the developing trends in scholarship, such as parallels between literature and art, the influence of philosophical criticism on literary practice, and the importance of technical and scientific prose for the new poetics. Lastly, some brief remarks are provided about the reception of Hellenistic literature in Rome, or perhaps better, the way Hellenistic literature was rewritten in Latin form for a Roman audience. Greek names, both for historical figures and literary characters, have been given a Latinized spelling. I have chosen to write, for instance, Cnemon rather than Knemon or Chrysippus rather than Khrusippos, in order to preserve the most familiar spelling for well-known persons and places and to provide consistency with the less-familiar proper nouns. Unless otherwise stated, all dates are BC (or BCE). This book is dedicated to two of my teachers – to Louise Price Hoy, who once suggested in the margins of an exam that Hellenistic literature might be more interesting than the handbooks allowed, and to the late Barbara Hughes Fowler, who showed me just what the handbooks had missed. Two of my own students, Joel Hatch and Valentina Popescu, gave me advice on the manuscript and helped me find errors; I am deeply grateful to both. I am also indebted to Sophie Gibson, my patient and inspiring editor, who helped shape the book in ways that I did not foresee. John Wallrodt, our technical wizard, has been invaluable in constructing the maps. Peter Bing took time from his year of residency as a Tytus Fellow at the University of Cincinnati to read the whole manuscript and offer many valuable suggestions. My thanks are due as well to Marco Fantuzzi and to Dee Clayman, who wrote a generous and encouraging report for the press. Map 0.1 The Hellenistic Kingdoms (ca. 240 BC). Map 0.2 Greece, Egypt, and Asia Minor. 1 History and Culture The Hellenistic age is generally defined as the period from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC to Octavian’s defeat of Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII at Actium in 31 BC. During a short but brilliant career, Alexander had extended his father’s consolidation of Macedonian polit- ical power over mainland Greece through an extraordinary military cam- paign that brought under his control Syria and Palestine, Egypt, and the old Persian empire. His march to the east ended only within the borders of India. The geographical, political, social, and economic changes that took place as a result of these conquests profoundly affected the intellectual and literary production of the following era. Despite much cultural continuity in non-Greek areas, the elite members of the new multiethnic kingdoms developed a shared identity as Hellenes, based on an attachment to earlier Greek culture that was now viewed as a fixed element of a bygone era.
Recommended publications
  • Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs the Ptolemaic Family In
    Department of World Cultures University of Helsinki Helsinki Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs The Ptolemaic Family in the Encomiastic Poems of Callimachus Iiro Laukola ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in auditorium XV, University Main Building, on the 23rd of September, 2016 at 12 o’clock. Helsinki 2016 © Iiro Laukola 2016 ISBN 978-951-51-2383-1 (paperback.) ISBN 978-951-51-2384-8 (PDF) Unigrafia Helsinki 2016 Abstract The interaction between Greek and Egyptian cultural concepts has been an intense yet controversial topic in studies about Ptolemaic Egypt. The present study partakes in this discussion with an analysis of the encomiastic poems of Callimachus of Cyrene (c. 305 – c. 240 BC). The success of the Ptolemaic Dynasty is crystallized in the juxtaposing of the different roles of a Greek ǴdzȅǻǽǷȏȄ and of an Egyptian Pharaoh, and this study gives a glimpse of this political and ideological endeavour through the poetry of Callimachus. The contribution of the present work is to situate Callimachus in the core of the Ptolemaic court. Callimachus was a proponent of the Ptolemaic rule. By reappraising the traditional Greek beliefs, he examined the bicultural rule of the Ptolemies in his encomiastic poems. This work critically examines six Callimachean hymns, namely to Zeus, to Apollo, to Artemis, to Delos, to Athena and to Demeter together with the Victory of Berenice, the Lock of Berenice and the Ektheosis of Arsinoe. Characterized by ambiguous imagery, the hymns inspect the ruptures in Greek thought during the Hellenistic age.
    [Show full text]
  • Select Epigrams from the Greek Anthology
    SELECT EPIGRAMS FROM THE GREEK ANTHOLOGY J. W. MACKAIL∗ Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. PREPARER’S NOTE This book was published in 1890 by Longmans, Green, and Co., London; and New York: 15 East 16th Street. The epigrams in the book are given both in Greek and in English. This text includes only the English. Where Greek is present in short citations, it has been given here in transliterated form and marked with brackets. A chapter of Notes on the translations has also been omitted. eti pou proima leuxoia Meleager in /Anth. Pal./ iv. 1. Dim now and soil’d, Like the soil’d tissue of white violets Left, freshly gather’d, on their native bank. M. Arnold, /Sohrab and Rustum/. PREFACE The purpose of this book is to present a complete collection, subject to certain definitions and exceptions which will be mentioned later, of all the best extant Greek Epigrams. Although many epigrams not given here have in different ways a special interest of their own, none, it is hoped, have been excluded which are of the first excellence in any style. But, while it would be easy to agree on three-fourths of the matter to be included in such a scope, perhaps hardly any two persons would be in exact accordance with regard to the rest; with many pieces which lie on the border line of excellence, the decision must be made on a balance of very slight considerations, and becomes in the end one rather of personal taste than of any fixed principle. For the Greek Anthology proper, use has chiefly been made of the two ∗PDF created by pdfbooks.co.za 1 great works of Jacobs,
    [Show full text]
  • Royal Correspondence in the Hellenistic Period : a Study in Greek
    TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE vii LIST OF WORKS CITED BY ABBREVIATED TITLE ... xvü COMPARATIVE TABLE OF EDITIONS xxix INTRODUCTION. I. THE USE OF LETTERS IN HELLENISTIC DIPLO- MACY XXXVÜ IL COMPOSITION AND STYLE OF THE LETTERS. xK III. THE LANGUAGE OF THE LETTERS. 1. PALEOGRAPHY. A. The Alphabet xlvi B. Arrangement of the Text liii C. Punctuation and Diacritical Marks liii D. Abbreviation liv E. Syllable Division Uv F. Engravers* Mistakes Iv 2. SOUNDS. A. Vowels. a) Dialectic Differences Iv b) Elidon lix e) Crasis lix B. Consonants. a) Dialectic Differences Ix b) Assimilation Ixii c) Nu Movable Ixiii 3. INFLECTIONS. A. Declension Ixiv B. Conjugation ^ ......... Ixvi OONIENIS 4. SYNTAX. A. Case 'IzñS B. Number hâ C. PZOOOUDS ............. w....... 3ñK D. Tlie Aitide ; In £. NnmeralB btx F. TheVob. •) Tense kz b) Fbàtt Moodt hzi cj Voice im 4) Tlie Infinitive faczñ $) The Particqde bom G. Pri^xisitioiis. èssô ., :...., , • hou fee bimi lEopd , .-...., boEm OUI ,...,.,,...,....,.,,,., bcñv feuS boiv peni bodv ÜW bsv Ar . ', bŒv dç Ixm JfQoç .-.•.... bacvñ wnd ,,., .,...-... boLviH bó . .*. •. .. .. .. .,,•-.. .. , bcDZ met . , . lux MQ hopá BUÇ ....,.,,.....,.,,.,,..,, booo fannrao ...,.......,....,,,,,, |ir^^ H. Conjunctions. Iwo . fasxñ 5AOç -...•......-.«,....... !••••" Antitheses ....1....... I^niîî I. Paurtídes .,........,,...•,,,., 1TíTI?IFH Negatives .-.., , buuîv ¿ Word Order boaav 5. VOCABULARY . bow 6. SUMMARY. A. &OQie Elenients ...........:,,..,' xcm CONTENTS îtiîî B Elements Derived from the Old Dialects, 1. ^onic xcvii 2. Attic .... i . xcviii 3. AeoUc or Doric xcviU C. Barbarisms xcvîii TEXTS.1 1. Letter of Anfígónus to Scepsis. 311 B. C 3 2. Letter of Antigonus to Eresus. About 306 B. C 12 3/4. Letters of Antigonus to Teos.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    Index Note : Geographical landmarks are listed under the proper name itself: for “Cape Sepias” or “Mt. Athos” see “Sepias” or “Athos.” When a people and a toponym share the same base, see under the toponym: for “Thessalians” see “Thessaly.” Romans are listed according to the nomen, i.e. C. Julius Caesar. With places or people mentioned once only, discretion has been used. Abdera 278 Aeaces II 110, 147 Abydus 222, 231 A egae 272–273 Acanthus 85, 207–208, 246 Aegina 101, 152, 157–158, 187–189, Acarnania 15, 189, 202, 204, 206, 251, 191, 200 347, 391, 393 Aegium 377, 389 Achaia 43, 54, 64 ; Peloponnesian Aegospotami 7, 220, 224, 228 Achaia, Achaian League 9–10, 12–13, Aemilius Paullus, L. 399, 404 54–56, 63, 70, 90, 250, 265, 283, 371, Aeolis 16–17, 55, 63, 145, 233 375–380, 388–390, 393, 397–399, 404, Aeschines 281, 285, 288 410 ; Phthiotic Achaia 16, 54, 279, Aeschylus 156, 163, 179 286 Aetoli Erxadieis 98–101 Achaian War 410 Aetolia, Aetolian League 12, 15, 70, Achaius 382–383, 385, 401 204, 250, 325, 329, 342, 347–348, Acilius Glabrio, M. 402 376, 378–380, 387, 390–391, 393, Acragas 119, COPYRIGHTED165, 259–261, 263, 266, 39MATERIAL6–397, 401–404 352–354, 358–359 Agariste 113, 117 Acrocorinth 377, 388–389 Agathocles (Lysimachus ’ son) 343, 345 ; Acrotatus 352, 355 (King of Sicily) 352–355, 358–359; Actium 410, 425 (King of Bactria) 413–414 Ada 297 Agelaus 391, 410 A History of Greece: 1300 to 30 BC, First Edition. Victor Parker.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CONTRAPOSITION BETWEEN EPOS and EPULLION in HELLENISTIC POETRY: STATUS QUAESTIONIS 1 José Antonio Clúa Serena
    Anuario de Estudios Filológicos, ISSN 0210-8178, vol. XXVII, 23-39 THE CONTRAPOSITION BETWEEN EPOS AND EPULLION IN HELLENISTIC POETRY: STATUS QUAESTIONIS 1 José Antonio Clúa Serena Universidad de Extremadura Resumen En este artículo se esbozan algunos de los hitos más importantes que configuran, desde Antímaco de Colofón hasta las últimas manifestaciones poéticas helenísticas y romanas, la contraposición entre el e[po~ y el ejpuvllion. Sobre este último «género», repleto de elemen- tos etiológicos y largas digresiones, se aportan y se comparan datos importantes mediante dos métodos conocidos: la Quellensforchung y la comparación entre seguidores de la escuela de Calímaco y los denominados Telquines. Se analizan epigramas concretos, epilios de Teócrito, Mosco, la Hécale de Calímaco, epilios de Trifiodoro, Hedilo, Museo, Euforión, Partenio, Poliano, así como de Cornelio Galo y Cinna. Finalmente, se estudia la dicotomía «agua»/«vino» como símbolos de inspiración y se ofrece una posible clave para focalizar el paso de dicha contraposición desde la literatura helenística griega a la romana. Palabras clave: Epos, epyllion, hellenistic poetry, Cantores Callimachi. Abstract This paper describes some highly important aspects than configure, from Aminachus of Colofos to the latest Hellenistic and Roman poetic pieces, the contraposition of the concepts e[po~ and ejpuvllion. About this latter ‘genre’, filled with etiological and disgressive elements, data are contrasted according to two well known methods: Quellensforchung and comparison between Callimachus’ followers and Telquines. Specific epigrams are reviewed, also some epic poems by Theocritus, Moscos, the Hecale by Callimachus, epic poems by Trifiodorus, Hedilus, Museus, Euforius, Partenius, Polianus, Cornelius, Galius, and Cinnas. Finally, dichotomous elements like ‘water’/‘wine’ are studied as symbols for inspiration.
    [Show full text]
  • The Connections Between Pergamon and Delphi (Sport and Politics in the Hellenistic Period)
    International Quarterly of Sport Science 2010/1 THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN PERGAMON AND DELPHI (SPORT AND POLITICS IN THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD) István Kertész Eszterházy Károly College, Eger [email protected] Abstract In 182 B.C. Eumenes II, the king of Pergamon, renewed the games and sacrifices in honour of Athena Nicephorus and requested that the states of the Hellenistic world recognize the games of the Nicephoria. The organization and rules of the Nicephoria were equal in the music contests of the Pythian Games and in gymnastics and equestrian events of the Olympic Games. Beside the answer of a Carian town we have only the texts of decisions made by the Delphic Amphictyons and the Aetolean League and both of these decisions contain affirmative answers to the request of the Pergamene king. Why we have no other inscriptions on this subject although in that period the political- economical connections between Pergamon and the cities of Asia Minor were very friendly, and we have found a lot of written material? I think so that the fact that just these organizations gave fast and affirmative answers to Eumenes is ascribed to the very close political connections between them and Pergamon, which had already been established in the years of late 280s B.C. The facts of these connections are the followings: from this time forward, Pergamon strove for a close friendship with the sanctuary of Apollo in Delphi and later, from the years of 220 B.C., established a political alliance with the Aetolean League, the main protector of this sanctuary. Through the mediation of the latter, Pergamon became a strong ally of Rome during the Hannibalic War.
    [Show full text]
  • Future Philology! by Ulrich Von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff - Rt Anslated by G
    Fordham University Masthead Logo DigitalResearch@Fordham Articles and Chapters in Academic Book Philosophy Collections 2000 Future Philology! by Ulrich von Wilamowitz- Moellendorff - rT anslated by G. Postl, B. Babich, and H. Schmid Babette babich Fordham University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://fordham.bepress.com/phil_babich Part of the Classical Literature and Philology Commons, Continental Philosophy Commons, German Language and Literature Commons, and the History of Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation babich, Babette, "Future Philology! by Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff - rT anslated by G. Postl, B. Babich, and H. Schmid" (2000). Articles and Chapters in Academic Book Collections. 3. https://fordham.bepress.com/phil_babich/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Philosophy at DigitalResearch@Fordham. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles and Chapters in Academic Book Collections by an authorized administrator of DigitalResearch@Fordham. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FUTURE PHILOLOGY!i a reply to FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE’S Ordinarius Professor of Classical Philology at Basel „birth of tragedy“ by Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Möllendorff Dr. Phil. zÏîùô óéëöéùô âáë&Òò ôåýôëéïí ßðüôñéììá hñÃïí ¦ãêÝöáëïí Ïñßãáíïí êáôáðõãïóýíç ôáØôz ¦óô ðñÎò êñåáò ìÝãá. — Aristophanes, Age 17ii i Zukunftsphilologie is a play upon the 1861 German publication of Wagner’s ironically titled “Zukunftsmusik” [“Music of the Future” — the quotation marks are Wagner’s own], an open letter to Frederic Villot, Conservator of the Picture Museums at the Louvre, first translated into and published in French in 1860. See L. J. Rather, Reading Wagner: A Study in the History of Ideas (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998), p.
    [Show full text]
  • Elegiac Hylas: Propertius 1.20
    Echoing Hylas : metapoetics in Hellenistic and Roman poetry Heerink, M.A.J. Citation Heerink, M. A. J. (2010, December 2). Echoing Hylas : metapoetics in Hellenistic and Roman poetry. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/16194 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the License: Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/16194 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). CHAPTER 3 ELEGIAC HYLAS : PROPERTIUS 1.20 Non puto ullam extare Elegiam vexatiorem in toto Latio. Broukhusius 1727, 82 1. Introduction The peculiarity of Propertius 1.20 raises as many questions today as it did three centuries ago. Whereas the preceding poems in book 1 all deal with heterosexual love, and in particular the speaker’s passion for Cynthia, elegy 1.20, the longest poem in the book, is about a certain Gallus’ love for a boy. Another striking feature of the poem is the mythological exemplum, a retelling of the story of Hercules and Hylas. Although the elegiac topos of the poet as praeceptor amoris , “teacher in love”, is common enough in book 1, the story told in this poem to warn Gallus to keep an eye on his love, is much longer than any other mythological passage in Propertius’ first book. Scholars have also often commented on the language and style of the poem, which is “quite unlike anything in the rest of the book”, 348 and have been puzzled by its “conspicuous position near the end of the book”.
    [Show full text]
  • The Latinate Tradition As a Point of Reference Joseph Farrell University of Pennsylvania, [email protected]
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Departmental Papers (Classical Studies) Classical Studies at Penn 2012 The Latinate Tradition as a Point of Reference Joseph Farrell University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/classics_papers Part of the Classics Commons Recommended Citation (OVERRIDE) “The Latinate Tradition as a Point of Reference.” In Literacy in the Persianate World: Writing and the Social Order, ed. Brian Spooner and William Hannaway. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press (2012). 360–387. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. http://repository.upenn.edu/classics_papers/86 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Latinate Tradition as a Point of Reference Abstract The history of Persian as an imperial language, as a vehicle of cultural continuities, and as a focus of communal identity, whether of an ethnic, religious, aesthetic, or intellectual nature, is one of the great sagas of civilization. As such, it demands comparison with similar stories if we are to understand the processes at work, both in their general similarities and in their specific differences. In this essay I will consider the cultural empire of Latin in comparison to that of Persian in an effort to determine to what extent these two remarkable traditions are able to illuminate one another and to state as clearly as possible those aspects that resist explanation. Disciplines Arts and Humanities | Classics This book chapter is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/classics_papers/86 11 The Latinate Tradition as a Point of Reference joseph farrell IntrODUCTION he history of Persian as an imperial language, as a vehicle of cultural Tcontinuities, and as a focus of communal identity, whether of an ethnic, religious, aesthetic, or intellectual nature, is one of the great sagas of civi- lization.
    [Show full text]
  • December 3, 1992 CHAPTER VIII
    December 3, 1992 CHAPTER VIII: EARLY HELLENISTIC DYNAMISM, 323-146 Aye me, the pain and the grief of it! I have been sick of Love's quartan now a month and more. He's not so fair, I own, but all the ground his pretty foot covers is grace, and the smile of his face is very sweetness. 'Tis true the ague takes me now but day on day off, but soon there'll be no respite, no not for a wink of sleep. When we met yesterday he gave me a sidelong glance, afeared to look me in the face, and blushed crimson; at that, Love gripped my reins still the more, till I gat me wounded and heartsore home, there to arraign my soul at bar and hold with myself this parlance: "What wast after, doing so? whither away this fond folly? know'st thou not there's three gray hairs on thy brow? Be wise in time . (Theocritus, Idylls, XXX). Writers about pederasty, like writers about other aspects of ancient Greek culture, have tended to downplay the Hellenistic period as inferior. John Addington Symonds, adhering to the view of the great English historian of ancient Greece, George Grote, that the Hellenistic Age was decadent, ended his Problem in Greek Ethics with the loss of Greek freedom at Chaeronea: Philip of Macedon, when he pronounced the panegyric of the Sacred Band at Chaeronea, uttered the funeral oration of Greek love in its nobler forms. With the decay of military spirit and the loss of freedom, there was no sphere left for that type of comradeship which I attempted to describe in Section IV.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of the Roman Province of Asia from 133 BC To
    AN UNEXPECTED PROVINCE: ROMAN ASIA 133-128 B.C. AN UNEXPECTED PROVINCE: A HISTORY OF THE EARLY YEARS OF THE ROMAN PROVINCE OF ASIA FROM 133 B.C. TO 128 B.C. By MICHAEL SNOWDON, B.A. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Degree Master of Arts McMaster University © Copyright by Michael Snowdon, August 2005 MA Thesis - M. Snowdon McMaster - Dept of Classics MASTER OF ARTS (2005) McMaster University (Classics) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: An Unexpected Province: The History of the Roman Province of Asia from 133 B.C. to 128 B.C. AUTHOR: Michael Snowdon, B.A. (University of Westem Ontario) SUPERVISOR: Professor C. Eilers NUMBER OF PAGES: ix, 136 11 MA Thesis - M. Snowdon McMaster - Dept of Classics ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to acknowledge greatly the assistance and support I have received in the preparation of this thesis. The financial resources and peace of mind necessary to research, write, and edit this work could not have been found without the aid of the Social Sciences and Humanities Resource Council of Canada and McMaster University. I would like to sincerely thank my thesis supervisor, Dr. Claude Eilers, for suggesting this topic and his guidance throughout its preparation. His sharp mind and common-sense approach to history did much to improve the arguments, just as his keen eye improved the writing. I appreciate greatly the support I have received from the other members of my thesis committee, Dr. E. Haley - who generously filled in during Dr. Eilers' absence­ and Dr. C.
    [Show full text]
  • Panels and Round Tables (PDF, 480Kb)
    Details of roundtables, panels speakers and papers (The titles of panels are listed in alphabetical order) (An asterisk (*) next to a panel title indicates that the panel has been specially organised for the conference) Special joint SCS (formerly APA)/CA Panel. W(h)ither Philology Convener: Cynthia Damon (U Penn) on behalf of SCS "W(h)ither philology?" presents four papers that grapple with the contemporary meaning of and outlook for philology, issues that have particular salience in the wake of the 2014 reinvention of the American Philological Association as the Society for Classical Studies. Questions about the "project of philology" are once again in the air, and not just among classicists. Scholars of other ancient literary traditions claim philology as a superordinate disciplinary umbrella (see, e.g., http://www.forum- transregionale-studien.de/en/revisiting-the-canons-of-textual-scholarship/profile/general-information.html). And practitioners of digital humanities proclaim new opportunities, and new urgencies, for philological enterprise (see, e.g., http://sites.tufts.edu/perseusupdates/2013/04/04/the-open-philology-project-and-humboldt-chair-of-digital-humanities-at- leipzig/). The papers in this session range from critiques of philology's traditional claims to expositions of philological work at the digital frontier. They include theoretically sophisticated understandings of what philology is and technologically sophisticated manifestations of what philology does. Will Batstone (Ohio State) Why Philology Deserves its Underserved
    [Show full text]