NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: Update on Incidents According to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Compiled by ACCORD, 30 October 2020

NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 30 October 2020

Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities

National borders: GADM, November 2015a; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015b; incident data: ACLED, 3 October 2020; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 30 OCTOBER 2020

Contents Conflict incidents by category

Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Violence against civilians 356 233 825 Conflict incidents by category 2 Battles 246 200 1257 Development of conflict incidents from June 2018 to June 2020 2 Protests 141 1 1 Explosions / Remote Methodology 3 77 67 855 violence Conflict incidents per province 4 Riots 75 26 42 Strategic developments 18 0 0 Localization of conflict incidents 4 Total 913 527 2980 Disclaimer 8 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 3 October 2020).

Development of conflict incidents from June 2018 to June 2020

This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 3 October 2020).

2 NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 30 OCTOBER 2020

Methodology on what level of detail is reported. Thus, towns may represent the wider region in which an incident occured, or the provincial capital may be used if only the province The data used in this report was collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event is known. Erroneous location data, especially due to identical place names, cannot Data Project (ACLED). ACLED collects data on reported conflict events in selected be fully excluded. African andAsian countries, Nigeria being among them.ACLED researchers collect event data from a variety of sources and code them by date, location, agent, and Incidents comprise the following categories: battles, headquarters or bases es- event type. tablished, non-violent strategic activities, riots/protests, violence against civilians, non-violent transfer of territory, remote violence. For details on these categories, Most of the data collected by ACLED is gathered based on publicly available, please see secondary reports. It may therefore underestimate the volume of events. Fatal- ity data particularly is vulnerable to bias and inaccurate reporting, and ACLED • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict states to use the most conservative estimate available. ACLED uses the reports’ Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook (2019), 10 April 2019a context to estimate fatalities for events with reported fatalities for which the exact https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2017/10/ number is unknown (“10” for plural fatalities, “100” if “hundreds” are mentioned, ACLED_Codebook_2019FINAL_pbl.pdf etc.). For further details on ACLED and for the full data, see www.acleddata.com and Raleigh; Linke; Hegre, and Karlsen, 2010. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) User Quick Guide, April 2019b Based on this data, the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2019/04/ and Documentation (ACCORD) compiles updates on conflict incidents and pub- General-User-Guide_FINAL.pdf lishes them on ecoi.net to offer another access point to the ACLED datasets. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: FAQs: ACLED Fatality It is advised to employ extreme caution when using fatality numbers. Methodology, 27 January 2020 https://www.acleddata.com/download/17979/ Assessments of the security situation should not be based solely on quantitative analysis of event data.

Geographic map data is primarily based on GADM, complemented with other sources if necessary. Incidents are mapped to GADM provinces using the provinces in ACLED data. Province names and borders may differ between ACLED and GADM. Incidents that could not be located are ignored. The numbers included in this overview might therefore differ from the original ACLED data. ACLED uses varying degrees of geographic precision for the individual incidents, depending

3 NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 30 OCTOBER 2020

Number of Conflict incidents per province Number of Number of Province incidents with incidents fatalities Number of fatalities Number of Number of Province incidents with Katsina 80 62 437 incidents fatalities fatalities Kebbi 2 1 1 Abia 17 6 9 Kogi 10 6 10 Adamawa 24 14 54 Kwara 4 2 2 Akwa Ibom 8 1 1 Lagos 42 12 14 Anambra 33 9 15 Nassarawa 13 4 20 Bauchi 4 3 11 Niger 41 29 68 Bayelsa 8 2 5 Ogun 13 5 6 Benue 44 35 92 Ondo 19 2 2 Borno 160 129 1009 Osun 10 1 1 Cross River 25 10 30 Oyo 13 3 5 Delta 46 21 35 Plateau 24 14 48 Ebonyi 17 11 11 Rivers 16 6 10 Edo 23 5 6 Sokoto 5 5 200 Ekiti 5 3 3 Taraba 33 28 92 Enugu 7 1 1 Yobe 9 6 144 Federal Capital Territory 31 5 7 Zamfara 39 35 426 Gombe 2 0 0 Imo 23 5 6 Jigawa 5 5 8 Localization of conflict incidents Kaduna 56 41 191 Kano 2 0 0 Note: The following list is an overview of the incident data included in the ACLED dataset. More details are available in the actual dataset (date, location data, event type, involved actors, information sources, etc.). The data’s precision varies among the incidents: a town may represent a region, or the provincial capital may be used if the precise location of an incident is unkown. In the following list, the names of

4 NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 30 OCTOBER 2020 event locations are taken from ACLED, while the administrative region names are In Borno, 160 incidents killing 1009 people were reported. The following taken from GADM data which serves as the basis for the maps above. locations were among the affected: Abadam, Agapalawa, Ajiri, Alagarno, Aulari, Auno, Baga, Bama, Banki, Biu, Boboshe, Buk, Bukar Meram, Bula In Abia, 17 incidents killing 9 people were reported. The following locations were Korege, Buratai, Chibok, Chul, Cross Kauwa, Dakwaima, Damboa, Dar el among the affected: Aba, Imo River, Isiala Oboro, Lokpanta, Ohafia, Jamal, Debiro, Dikwa, Doro Naira, Dumba, Dunga, Dusuman, Dzuraku, Felo, Osisioma, Umu-Ika, Umuahia. Gadari, Gajibo, Gajigana, Gajiram, Gamboru, Gashigar, Gubio, Gudumbali, Guva, Gwagwamdi, Gwoza, Hoyo Wuremeri, Izge-Unore, Jigalta, Kaumutuyahi, Kautakari, Kautikari, Khaddamari, Kirenawa, Konduga, In Adamawa, 24 incidents killing 54 people were reported. The following Kuburmbula, Kukawa, Kumshe, Kure, Kwabula, Limankara, Liwur, Magumeri, locations were among the affected: Bolki, Boskeri, Ganye, Gon, Jatau, Kircinga, Maiduguri, Mainok, Malam Fatori, Marte, Mbulabam, Moduri, Monguno, Lamurde, Luggere, Maiha, Mayo Belwa, Shelleng, Tigno, Toungo, Visik, Mudu, Muktu, Muna Dalti, Mussa, Ngala, Ngamdu, Ngoshe, Ngurosoye, Wagga Lugere, Yola, Zakowan. Parisu, Pulka, Sambisa Forest Reserve, Tarfa, Taula, Tongule, Wamdewo, Warshale, Warshele, Yau, Zowo, Zua. In Akwa Ibom, 8 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Eket, Itu, Obot-Akara, Oku, Opobo, Uyo. In Cross River, 25 incidents killing 30 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Afono, Anantigha, Bakassi, Boji, Calabar, In Anambra, 33 incidents killing 15 people were reported. The following locations Egbor, Ekpri Ikang, Ijegwu, Ipene, Ogoja, Otukpo, Ugep. were among the affected: Amansee, Anaku, Awba, Awka, Enugwu-Ukwu, Isuofia, Nkpor, Nzam, Oba, Odekpe, Oguaniocho, Okpuno, Onitsha, In Delta, 46 incidents killing 35 people were reported. The following locations Umudim, Umuinya, Umumbu, Umuomaku, Urum. were among the affected: Abraka, Aladja, Asaba, Bomadi, Eku, Esanma, Evwonogba Mosogar, Evwreni, Ibusa, Illah, Issele Mkpitime, Issele-Azagba, In Bauchi, 4 incidents killing 11 people were reported. The following locations Ogbe-Ijoh, Ohwase, Ojobo, Okpanam, Okuoke, Oviri-Olomu, Ovwian, were among the affected: Azare, Bauchi, Zadawa. Owa-Oyibu, Sapele, Torugbene, Ubeji, Ughelli, Warri.

In Bayelsa, 8 incidents killing 5 people were reported. The following locations In Ebonyi, 17 incidents killing 11 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Agudama, Sagbama, Yenagoa. were among the affected: Abakaliki, Abba-Omega, Afikpo, Amaseri, Amuzu-Ibagu, Asaga, Ishiagu, Ngbo, Nguzu Edda, Onicha, Opuitumo, In Benue, 44 incidents killing 92 people were reported. The following locations Uburu, Umuhuali. were among the affected: Abako, Agasha, Aliade, Apa-Agila, Gbajimba, Igumale, Ikobi, Ikpayongo, Katsina-Ala, Kwande, Makurdi, Mbabai, Mbawa, In Edo, 23 incidents killing 6 people were reported. The following locations were Naka, Obagaji, Obangedde, Obarike-Ito, Taraku, Tongov, Torkula, among the affected: Auchi, Benin City, Dagbala, Ehor, Idogbo, Odighi, Okada, Tse-Agberagba, Tyo, Ugba, Ukum, Zaki Biam. Oregbeni.

5 NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 30 OCTOBER 2020

In Ekiti, 5 incidents killing 3 people were reported. The following locations were Faskari, Jibia, Kadisau, Kanawa, Kankara, Karare, Kasale, Katsina, Kurfi, among the affected: Ado-Ekiti, Ikole, Iye, Iyin-Ekiti. Kurmayai, Kwakwari, Mabai, Machika, Mai Gora, Maikwama, Maisani, Mara Zamfarawa, Musawa, Nahuta, Pauwa, Sabon Layi, Sabuwa, Salihawar In Enugu, 7 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were Kalgo, Sheme, Ungwan Galadima, Ungwan Galadima Wak*, Wagini, Yan among the affected: Abakpa Nike, Ekwegbe, Enugu, Nsukka, Umulumgbe. Tumaki, Yankara, Zango.

In Federal Capital Territory, 31 incidents killing 7 people were reported. The In Kebbi, 2 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were following locations were among the affected: Abaji, Abuja, Gwagwalada, Karu, among the affected: Birnin Kebbi, Ribah. Karum, Kubwa, Kuje, Kwali, Lugbe. In Kogi, 10 incidents killing 10 people were reported. The following locations In Gombe, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Abejukolo, Egume, Koton-Karfe, Lokoja, Ofanwa, were among the affected: Gombe, Kwadon. Okene, Olowo, Shintaku.

In Imo, 23 incidents killing 6 people were reported. The following locations were In Kwara, 4 incidents killing 2 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Aboh, Ihie, Mgbele, Nmu Neke, Obudi-Agwa, Okigwi, among the affected: Fufu, Illorin, Lafiagi, Lata. Orlu, Ose-Mmahu, Owerri, Umu-Eze. In Lagos, 42 incidents killing 14 people were reported. The following locations In Jigawa, 5 incidents killing 8 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Agege, Aguda, Aja, Ajangbadi, Alimosho, Apapa, were among the affected: Baturia, Garki, Guri, Sankara, Sule Tankarkar. Badagry, Elepe, Iba, Idimu, Igando, Ikeja, Ikorodu, Ikotun, Ikoyi, Ilupeju, Lagos, Lekki, Mushin, Oke-Odo, Oto, Surulere. In Kaduna, 56 incidents killing 191 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Antan, Birnin Gwari, Buruku, Chikun, Damba, In Nassarawa, 13 incidents killing 20 people were reported. The following Dande, Danhono, Doka, Gefe, Goni Gora, Gwagwada, Kaboresha, Kachia, locations were among the affected: Dari, Gudi, Kadarko, Lafia, Obi, Ombi, Kaduna, Kajuru, Kallah, Kamaru, Karaukarau, Kaura, Libere, Maigoro, Rukubi, Tamaha, Toto. Makyali, Manini, Pa, Sabon Birni, Tabanni, Tudun Wada, Udawa, Zaria. In Niger, 41 incidents killing 68 people were reported. The following locations In Kano, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was were among the affected: Erena, Gauraka, Gurmana, Ilorin, Jiko, Kagara, among the affected: Kano. Karaya, Kasuwan Ango, Kotonkoro, Kusheriki, Madaka, Maganda, Maguga, Maikujeri, Manta, Minna, Pandogari, Shamiambu, Shiroro, Yakila. In Katsina, 80 incidents killing 437 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Bakai, Barkiya, Batsari, Birnin Kogo, Dan Ali, Dan In Ogun, 13 incidents killing 6 people were reported. The following locations were Musa, Dandume, Danjikko, Daudawa, Dunya, Dutsin Ma, Fahu, Fankama, among the affected: Abeokuta, Ado Odo, Aiyetoro, Ibeshe, Ibiade, Igbesa,

6 NIGERIA, SECOND QUARTER 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 30 OCTOBER 2020

Ijebu-Igbo, Ketu, Odeda, Owode. In Zamfara, 39 incidents killing 426 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Anka, Bia, Bindim, Birnin Magaji, Chafe, Dan In Ondo, 19 incidents killing 2 people were reported. The following locations were Sadau, Dumburum, Gobirawa, Gusau, Karakai, Karda, Keta, Kwashabawa, among the affected: Adejubu, Akure, Ala-Ajagbusi, Auga, Igbokoda, Ijojo, Iju, Maru, Munhaye, Ruwan-Tofa, Talata Mafara, Ungwan Rogo, Zurmi. Ilutitun, Irele, Oba, Owo, Oyin, Ugbo.

In Osun, 10 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Dalemo, Ede, Ejigbo, Ile-Ife, Odemuyiwa, Oshogbo.

In Oyo, 13 incidents killing 5 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Akanran, Apete, Ibadan, Igbo Ora, Ikereku, Moniya, Olanla, Orogun.

In Plateau, 24 incidents killing 48 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Ampang, Barkin Ladi, Bashar, Bassa, Daffo, Dengi, Dorowa, Jos, Kuru, Kwa, Kwal, Mangu, Miango, Mushere, Naraguta, Ropp.

In Rivers, 16 incidents killing 10 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Alode, Bonny, Bori, Degema, Gio, Ogale, Ogboro, Onne, Port Harcourt, Woji.

In Sokoto, 5 incidents killing 200 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Burukusuma, Gangara, Gatawa, Gobir, Isa.

In Taraba, 33 incidents killing 92 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Ananum, Bagoni, Bali, Dadin Kowa, Donga, Gankoi Yeba, Gassol, Gazabu, Gidan Adamu, Jalingo, Jen, Kwossa, Lau, Maigoge, Mararraba, Rafin Kada, Suntai, Tela, Tsokondi, Tunga, Wukari, Wurbo, Zambana.

In Yobe, 9 incidents killing 144 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Buni, Buni Yadi, Dapchi, Geidam, Goniri.

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Sources please see the ecoi.net blog posts tagged with “ACLED”. The lack of information on an event in this report does not permit the inference that it did not take place. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Africa (3 October The boundaries and names displayed do not imply endorsement or acceptance 2020), 3 October 2020 by the Austrian Red Cross. https://www.acleddata.com/download/2909/

• GADM – Global Administrative Areas: gadm28_levels.shp, Version 2.8, Cite as November 2015a http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/gadm28_levels.shp.zip • ACCORD – Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation: Nigeria, second quarter 2020: Update on incidents accord- • GADM – Global Administrative Areas: NGA_adm.zip, Version 2.8, November ing to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED), 30 October 2015b 2020 http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/shp/NGA_adm.zip

• Raleigh, Clionadh; Linke, Andrew; Hegre, Håvard, and Karlsen, Joakim: “In- troducing ACLED-Armed Conflict Location and Event Data”, in: Journal of Peace Research (47(5) 2010 ), pp. 651–660 http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/5/651.full.pdf+html

• Smith, Walter H. F. and Wessel, Paul: Global Self-consistent Hierarchical High-resolution Geography (GSHHG), Version 2.3.4, 1 May 2015 https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/data/gshhg/latest/

Disclaimer

Event data may be revised or complemented in future updates. Updates in ACLED’s datasets will not necessarily be reflected in ACCORD’s reports if the update occurs close to or after the latter’s publication. Changes in the sources used by ACLEDto collect incident data might affect the comparability of data over time. For more information on ACLED’s methodology, please see www.acleddata.com/resources/ methodology/. For more information on ACCORD’s products based on the data,