Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)

BU R&D Journal 24 (1): 19-28, July 2021 | ISSN (Print): 0016-4139 Short Communication journal.bicol-u.edu.ph | ISSN (Online): 2719-082X doi: 10.47789/burdj.mbtcbbgs.20212401.03

Butterfly Fauna of Catanduanes Island, Philippines: New locality records (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)

Niño R. Mape1,3*, Agnes A. Talavera2, Evelyn M. Flores3, John Ronel S. Gil3 Shiela B. Conche4, Leslie T. Ogalesco5, and Jade Aster T. Badon6,2 1Biology Department, Bicol University College of Science, Legazpi City, Philippines 2Philippine Lepidoptera Butterflies and Moths Inc., Quezon, Nueva Ecija, Philippines 3Catanduanes Biodiversity, Virac, Catanduanes, Philippines 4Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO), San IsidroVillage, Virac, Catanduanes, Philippines 5Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Region V, Rawis, Legazpi City, Albay 4500, Philippines 6Biology Department, Silliman University, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental 6200, Philippines *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

A four-year inventory of butterfly species in Catanduanes Island is presented in this paper with new locality records. Photographs of butterflies reported by citizen scientists to the Philippine Lepidoptera Butterflies and Moths Inc. and Catanduanes Biodiversity from May 2016 to December 2020 were compiled to generate an updated species list of the butterflies present on the island. A total of 134 species of butterflies were recorded belonging to five families and 95 genera. Butterfly species in the family Nymphalidae are the most speciose (37%), while Papilionidae scores the least (9%). Of the 134 species, 32 or 24% are endemic, including the Catanduanes endemic subspecies Ragadia luzonia obscura and Pachliopta kotzebuea calataganensis. Catanduanes Island, despite being a small island still hosts a high number of endemic species, and 75 species recorded during the inventory were new locality records. These updated data about the butterfly composition and new butterfly localities in Catanduanes are useful in the possible identification and declaration of additional protected areas or conservation sites on the island.

Keywords: butterflies, Catanduanes Island, citizen science, endemic, inventory, Philippine Lepidoptera

The Order Lepidoptera, comprising of butterflies are still scarce hence, published papers are scanty. Among and moths, is one of the most speciose insect orders these papers include the assessment of the status of with almost 160,000 described species worldwide butterflies in Mt. Isarog Natural Park in Camarines Sur, (Kristensen et al., 2007; Gullan & Cranston, 2014). Their where 41 species were recorded mostly in cultivated conspicuousness and attractiveness have made them areas (PCARRD, 2007), and the diversity assessment in popular to amateur entomologists and render them to Mt. Masaraga in Albay, in which 17 butterfly species be one of the most studied taxa (Kristensen et al., 2007). were documented (Galicia et al., 2011). Some provinces, In the Philippines, several lepidopterological surveys such as Catanduanes and Masbate, were already surveyed and studies conducted through the years revealed a but only in a short span of time due to civil unrest surprisingly rich species diversity of butterflies and (Treadaway & Schroeder, 2012). The second exploration moths. Among these remarkable works that became the on the butterfly fauna of Catanduanes was done from foundation of Philippine lepidopterology were done by March to April 2016 by the Catanduanes Sustainable Semper (1896-1902), Baltazar (1991), and Treadaway Ecosystems Development, Inc. (ECODEV) focusing on and Schroeder (2012). The country now has around 927 the four protected watershed areas of the island. The butterfly species, of which a third of the total are endemic rapid survey revealed 26 species of butterflies, of which (Treadaway & Schroeder, 2012). nine species were new island records (Catanduanes Tribune, 2018). In the Bicol Region, studies on Philippine butterflies BU R&D Journal, Vol. 23, July 2020 ISSN (Print): 0016-4139 | ISSN (Online): 2719-082X Mape et al.: Butterfly Fauna of Catanduanes Island, Philippines: New locality records (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) journal.bicol-u.edu.ph

Catanduanes is a province-island in the Bicol Region G. Treadaway, a Philippine butterfly specialist. Being located on the easternmost seaboard of the Philippine considered as the last frontier of Bicol Region in terms archipelago and is bounded on the west by the Maqueda of forest cover, an updated report on its butterfly fauna is Channel, on the south by the Lagonoy Gulf, and on the needed as this can be used in future conservation projects north and east by the Philippine Sea. Having a total land of its local biodiversity. area of 1, 511.48 km2, it is characterized by hilly and mountainous topography with significant landforms To better understand the butterfly fauna of and forests (DENR-Catanduanes, 2011). Aside from its Catanduanes, a four-year inventory of the butterfly rich forest landscape and topography, its isolation from species present on the island was conducted utilizing the mainland Luzon provides an avenue for the possible the Philippine Lepidoptera Facebook group created and discovery of new island records as well as undescribed managed by the Philippine Lepidoptera Butterflies and species or subspecies, especially that this island was Moths Inc. (PhiLep Inc.). Photographs of butterflies visited less frequently by entomologists including Colin posted by citizen scientists on Philippine Lepidoptera that were taken within the vicinity of Catanduanes Island from May 2016 to December 2020 were used as data in this inventory. Search keys, such as “Catanduanes” and “Catanduanes Island”, were used to filter the information available on the Facebook group. Photographs with good resolution and with essential information, such as the date photographed and location, were downloaded, compiled, and recorded. Photographs reported by the members of Catanduanes Biodiversity (CatBio) to the first and fourth authors through their group chat were recorded as well. Photographs that are of low resolution, meaning they do not clearly reveal the significant external features of the specimen, and without accompanying location were disregarded to avoid misidentification and inaccuracy of data. A letter asking for permission to use the photographs in the inventory was sent to all citizen scientists. The observations of citizen scientists who opted not to include their photographs in the inventory were excluded.

The photographed specimens were identified up to the species or subspecies level whenever possible by the second and seventh authors by referring to the field guides of Hardy and Lawrence (2017) and Badon (2014). To supplement the identification process, the publications of Page and Treadaway (2004) and Badon (2019) were also used for the species identification of the Papilionidae and Pieridae, de Jong and Treadaway (2007, 2008) for the Hesperiidae, along with the website of Takanami (2016) for the Lycaenidae. Species that were difficult to identify, usually having only a photograph of the underside or Figure 1. Some of the new butterflies recorded on the upperside wings, were identified to the genus level Catanduanes Island. (A) Bibasis oedipodea paltra, (B) only. The collected photographs of specimens were Bibasis gomata lorquini (C) Hasora taminatus padma, sorted by family, and a database was then generated (D) Tagiades gana elegans, (E) Telicota ancilla minda, (F) using Microsoft Excel containing the identification of Allotinus fallax fallax, (G) Euchrysops cnejus cnejus, (H) the species/subspecies together with their local and Nacaduba limbura, (I) Taractrocera luzonensis luzonensis, (J) Philippine distribution, date photographed, and the name Potanthus mingo, (K) Zizeeria karsandra, (L) Neopithecops of the citizen scientists. zalmora zalmora. Photo courtesy of Jay A. Bautista (A-B), Evelyn M. Flores (C-H), and Shiela B. Conche (I-L). The four-year inventory revealed a total of 134

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Table 1. List of butterfly species recorded in Catanduanes Island with their endemicity and distributional status.

Taxon Endemicity New Locality Record Hesperiidae Bibasis oedipodea paltra (Evans, 1949) N Bibasis gomata lorquini (Mabille, 1876) N Hasora chromus chromus (Cramer, 1782) N Hasora sp. Hasora schoenherr saida (Hewitson, 1867) N Hasora taminatus padma Fruhstorfer, 1911 N Aeromachus plumbeola (C. & R. Felder, 1867) Philippine Endemic N Baoris oceia (Hewitson, 1868) N Borbo cinnara (Wallace, 1866) N Cephrenes acalle chrysozona (Plötz, 1883) N Gangara thyrsis philippensis (Fabricius, 1775) N Erionota sp. Halpe luteisquama (Mabille, 1877) Philippine Endemic N Koruthaialos rubecula luzonensis Fruhstorfer, 1910 Matapa aria (Moore, 1866) N Notocrypta paralysos volux (Mabille, 1883) N Oriens californica (Scudder, 1872) Philippine Endemic N Parnara kawazoei Chiba & Eliot, 1991 N Pelopidas agna agna (Moore, 1866) N Pelopidas mathias mathias (Fabricius, 1798) N Taractrocera luzonensis luzonensis (Staudinger, 1889) N Potanthus mingo (Edwards, 1866) N Telicota ancilla minda Evans, 1934 N Suastus migreus Semper, 1892 Philippine Endemic N Ancistroides nigrita (Latreille, 1824) N Tagiades gana elegans Mabille, 1877 N Tagiades japetus titus (Plötz, 1884) N Tagiades trebellius martinus Plötz, 1884 N Tagiades sp. Papilionidae Graphium agamemnon agamemnon (Linnaeus, 1758) Graphium sarpedon sarpedon (Linnaeus, 1758) Arisbe eurypylus gordion (C. & R. Felder, 1864) Lamproptera meges decius (C. & R. Felder, 1862) Achillides palinurus daedalus (C. & R. Felder, 1861) Menelaides deiphobus rumanzovia (Eschscholtz, 1821) Menelaides helenus hystaspes (C. & R. Felder, 1862) Menelaides polytes ledebouria (Eschscholtz, 1821)

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Table 1 (continuation). List of butterfly species recorded in Catanduanes Island with their endemicity and distributional status.

Taxon Endemicity New Locality Record Papilio demoleus demoleus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pachliopta kotzebuea calataganensis Page & Treadaway, 2011 Catanduanes Endemic Troides rhadamantus rhadamantus (Lucas, 1835) Atrophaneura semperi (C. & R. Felder, 1861) Philippine Endemic N Lycaenidae Catochrysops panormus exiguus (Distant, 1886 ) N Catochrysops strabo luzonensis Tite, 1959 N Catopyrops ancyra almora (Druce, 1873) N Euchrysops cnejus cnejus (Fabricius, 1798) N Everes lacturnus lacturnus (Godart, 1824) N Jamides bochus pulchrior Grose-Smith 1895 Jamides celeno lydanus Fruhstorfer, 1910 Jamides cleodus cleodus (C. & R. Felder, 1865) N Jamides alecto manilana (Toxopeus, 1930) Nacaduba limbura (Fruhstorfer, 1916) Philippine Endemic N Nacaduba sericina sericina (C. & R. Felder, 1865) Philippine Endemic N Zizeeria karsandra (Moore, 1865) N Zizina otis oriens (Butler, 1883) N Arhopala corinda corinda Hewitson, 1869 Hypolycaena ithna (Hewitson, 1869) Philippine Endemic N Hypolycaena sipylus tharrytas C. & R. Felder, 1862 N Spalgis epius strigatus Semper, 1889 N Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus, 1767) Curetis tagalica tagalica C. & R. Felder, 1862 Spindasis negrita (Felder, 1862) Philippine Endemic N Acytolepis puspa cagaya (C. & R. Felder, 1865) N Caleta roxus angustior (Staudinger, 1889) N Celarchus hermarchus hermarchus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Philippine Endemic N Discolampa ethion ulysses (Staudinger, 1889) N Neopithecops zalmora zalmora (Butler, 1870) N Rapala diopites (Hewitson, 1869) N Rapala sp. Allotinus fallax fallax C. & R. Felder, 1865 N Pieridae Catopsilia pomona pomona (Fabricius, 1775) Catopsilia pyranthe pyranthe (Linnaeus, 1758) Catopsilia scylla cornelia (Fabricius, 1787) Eurema sarilata aquilo Shirozu & Yata, 1982 Philippine Endemic N

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Table 1 (continuation). List of butterfly species recorded in Catanduanes Island with their endemicity and distributional status.

Taxon Endemicity New Locality Record Eurema alitha jalendra (Fruhstorfer, 1910) N Eurema hecabe hecabe (Linnaeus, 1758) N Appias aegis illana (C. & R. Felder, 1862) N Appias olferna peducaea Fruhstorfer, 1910 N Appias albina semperi (Moore, 1905) N Cepora boisduvaliana boisduvaliana (C. & R. Felder, 1862) Philippine Endemic Delias henningia henningia (Eschscholtz, 1821) Delias hyparete luzonensis (C. & R. Felder, 1862) N Hebomoia glaucippe philippensis Wallace, 1863 Leptosia nina georgi Fruhstorfer, 1910 N Gandaca harina (Horsfield, 1829) Nymphalidae Charaxes amycus amycus C. & R. Felder, 1861 Philippine Endemic N Charaxes bajula adoracion Schroeder & Treadaway, 1989 Philippine Endemic N Charaxes solon lampedo (Hübner, 1824) N Danaus chrysippus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758) Danaus melanippus edmondii (Lesson, 1837) Ideopsis juventa manillana (Moore, 1883) Euploea mulciber dufresne (Godart, 1823) N Euploea tulliolus pollita (Erichson, 1834) N Amathusia phidippus pollicaris Butler, 1870 Faunis phaon pan Schröder & Treadaway, 2003 Philippine Endemic N Rohana rhea rhea (C. & R. Felder, 1863) N Cyrestis maenalis maenalis Erichson, 1834 N Cupha arias arias (C. & R. Felder, 1867) Phalanta alcippe semperi (Moore, 1900) Vindula dejone dejone (Erichson, 1834) N Doleschallia bisaltide philippensis Fruhstorfer 1899 Athyma kasa kasa Moore, 1858 Philippine Endemic N Dophla evelina eva Felder, 1867 Euthalia lusiada lusiada (C. & R. Felder, 1863) Philippine Endemic N Lasippa illigera alabatana (Fruhstorfer, 1908) Philippine Endemic Moduza urdaneta kawamurai Hanafusa, 1987 Neptis mindorana ilocana C. & R. Felder, 1863 Philippine Endemic Pantoporia cyrilla cyrilla (C. & R. Felder, 1863) Philippine Endemic Pantoporia dama dama (Moore, 1858) Philippine Endemic Parthenos sylvia philippensis Fruhstorfer, 1898 Tanaecia calliphorus calliphorus (C. & R. Felder,1863) Philippine Endemic N

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Table 1 (continuation). List of butterfly species recorded in Catanduanes Island with their endemicity and distributional status.

Taxon Endemicity New Locality Record Hypolimnas anomala anomala (Wallace, 1869) Hypolimnas bolina philippensis (Butler, 1874) Junonia almana almana (Linnaeus, 1758) Junonia atlites atlites (Linnaeus, 1758) Junonia hedonia ida (Cramer, 1775) Junonia orithya leucasia (Fruhstorfer, 1912) Rhinopalpa polynice stratonice (C. & R. Felder, 1867) Symbrenthia sp. Acrophtalmia artemis artemis C. & R. Felder, 1861 Philippine Endemic Lethe europa cevanna Fruhstorfer, 1911 Lethe chandica negrito (C. & R. Felder, 1863) N Melanitis atrax atrax (C. & R. Felder, 1863) Philippine Endemic N Melanitis leda leda (Linnaeus, 1758) Melanitis boisduvalia boisduvalia (C. & R. Felder, 1863) Mydosama ita (C. & R. Felder, 1863) Philippine Endemic N Mycalesis igoleta igoleta C. & R. Felder, 1863 Philippine Endemic N Mycalesis perseus caesonia Wallengren, 1860 N Culapa tagala (C. & R. Felder, 1863) Philippine Endemic N Orsotriaena medus medus (Fabricius, 1775) Ragadia luzonia obscura (Yamaguchi & Aoki, 1982) Catanduanes Endemic Ypthima sempera sempera C. & R. Felder, 1863 Philippine Endemic N Ypthima stellera stellera (Eschscholtz, 1821) Philippine Endemic N Zethera pimplea pimplea (Erichson, 1834) Philippine Endemic Idea leuconoe leuconoe Erichson, 1834 Legend: N- New Locality Record species of butterflies belonging to five families and 95 Despite the low species richness of Papilionidae, genera (Table 1). Among the families, Nymphalidae was it is noteworthy to mention the occurrence of the rare the most speciose comprising of 50 species, followed by Philippine endemic Atrophaneura semperi (C. & R. Felder, Hesperiidae with 29 species, Lycaenidae with 28 species, 1861) on the island, which was reported twice in San Pieridae with 15 species, while the Papilionidae ranked Vicente, Virac. The first reported individual was identified the least with only 12 species. Interestingly, 75 species as a male and was found resting just a few centimeters were new island records, of which 25 species belong above the ground at around 5:00 PM of August 12, 2020. to Hesperiidae, 21 species for Lycaenidae, 20 species Meanwhile, the second individual, which was identified for Nymphalidae, 8 species for Pieridae, and only one as a female, was found near residential areas four days species for Papilionidae. Of the 134 recorded species, after the devastation of Typhoon “Rolly” (international 32 or 24% are considered endemic. Two of which were name Goni) on the island. Probably the adult emerged the Catanduanes endemic subspecies Pachliopta kotzebuea from its pupa a few days after the typhoon as its wings calataganensis Page & Treadaway, 2011 and Ragadia showed no signs of damage. The Philippines has 10 luzonia obscura Yamaguchi & Aoki, 1982. subspecies of A. semperi and two of them can be found in the Bicol Region – the ssp. sorsogona Page & Treadaway,

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Charaxes solon lampedo (Hübner, 1824) which both have an uncommon status (Treadaway & Schroeder, 2012). These two frugivorous butterflies were attracted to the fruit baits that were hanged on tree branches, which consist of rotting bananas and sliced guava. The use of fruit bait in documenting frugivorous butterflies was found to be effective, and butterflies belonging to the tribes Nymphaliini, Limenitidini, Charaxini, Amathusiini and members of the subfamily Satyrinae were usually the ones attracted (Reeves & Daniels, 2019).The butterflies Athyma kasa kasa Moore, 1858, Pantoporia cyrilla cyrilla Felder & Felder, 1863, and Pantoporia dama dama (Moore, 1858) of the tribe Limenitidini were also observed

Figure 2. Some of the new butterflies recorded on Catanduanes Island. (A) Male Atrophaneura semperi, (B) Lethe chandica negrito, (C) Leptosia nina georgi, (D) Cyrestis maenalis maenalis, (E) Euploea tulliolus pollita, (F) Charaxes solon lampedo, (G) Euploea mulciber dufresne, (H) Vindula dejone dejone, (I) Delias hyparete luzonensis, (J) Culapa tagala, (K) Ypthima stellera stellera, (L) Ypthima sempera sempera. Photo courtesy of Aaron John Custodio (A-C), Jay A. Bautista (D), and Evelyn M. Flores (E-L).

1996 which is distributed in South Luzon and ssp. justini Page & Treadaway, 2003 which is restricted only in Masbate (Page & Treadaway, 2004). A voucher specimen of A. semperi from Catanduanes, however, is needed for further examination to confirm to which subspecies it Figure 3. Some of the new butterflies recorded on belongs or if it exhibits a different population. Catanduanes Island. (A) Tagiades japetus titus, (B) Athyma kasa kasa, (C) Mycalesis igoleta igoleta, (D-F) Also worth mentioning are the species found in larva, pre-pupa, and emerging adult of Charaxes bajula the gardens of the third and sixth authors in Hilawan, adoracion, (G) Appias olferna peducaea, (H) Faunis phaon San Andres and Batalay, Bato, and in Sagrada, Viga, pan, (I) Spalgis epius strigatus, (J) Melanitis atrax atrax, respectively. Of the new island records found in Hilawan (K) Pelopidas mathias mathias, (L) Tanaecia calliphorus and Batalay, it is interesting to note the presence of calliphorus. Photo courtesy of Leslie T. Ogalesco (A-H), Charaxes amycus amycus C. & R. Felder, 1861 and Evelyn M. Flores (I-K), and Feliciano A. de Leon, Jr. (L).

25 BU R&D Journal, Vol. 23, July 2020 ISSN (Print): 0016-4139 | ISSN (Online): 2719-082X Mape et al.: Butterfly Fauna of Catanduanes Island, Philippines: New locality records (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) journal.bicol-u.edu.ph sipping from the fruit bait. In Sagrada, the sixth author documented for the first time the unknown larva and life cycle of the endemic Charaxes bajula adoracion Schroeder & Treadaway, 1989, the third Charaxini species to be recorded in the island. The sightings of these endemic frugivorous butterflies in the garden clearly shows that planting food plants and hostplants are essential not only to attract these charismatic organisms but also to help them increase their population in the wild (Badon, 2014).

Other new recorded species in the island, including Bibasis oedipodea paltra (Evans, 1949), Bibasis gomata lorquini (Mabille, 1876), Tagiades gana elegans (Mabille, 1877), Spindasis negrita (Felder, 1862), Everes lacturnus lacturnus (Godart, 1824), Euploea mulciber dufresne (Godart, 1823), Euploea tulliolus pollita Erichson, 1834, and Cyrestis maenalis maenalis (Erichson, 1834), were observed near the foot of a mountain in barangay Sto. Cristo in Virac. Several new recorded species were also documented at the watershed area of P. Vera (Summit) in Viga by the fifth author. These include Aeromachus plumbeola C. & R. Felder, 1867, Halpe luteisquama (Mabille, 1877), Celarchus hermarchus hermarchus (Fruhstorfer, 1910), Mycalesis igoleta igoleta (C. & R. Felder, 1863), and Mydosama ita (C. & R. Felder, 1863), which are all endemic to the Philippines. The two areas are characterized by having lush vegetation which is suitable habitat for butterflies especially for forest dwellers. The forest-dwelling and Figure 4. Some of the new butterflies recorded on island endemic R. luzonia obscura, which is known to feed Catanduanes Island. (A) Cephrenes acalle chrysozona, (B) on Selaginella (Hardy & Lawrence, 2017), was documented Oriens californica, (C) Matapa aria, (D) Rapala diopites, (E) also at the sites, as well as in Mt. Huwayon in Simamla, Charaxes amycus amycus, (F) Rohana rhea rhea, (G) Neptis other watershed areas in Virac, and in an abaca plantation mindorana ilocana, (H) Female Atrophaneura semperi, (I) in Cabungahan, Hilawan, San Andres. These observations Catochrysops strabo luzonensis, (J) Parnara kawazoei, (K) just imply that to conserve these endemic species, the Borbo cinnara, (L) Gangara thyrsis philippensis. Photo protection of the remaining old-growth and secondary courtesy of Evelyn M. Flores (A-G), Mark Kennedy Borja forests, as well as the watershed areas in Catanduanes (H), Agnes A. Talavera (I-J), and Leslie T. Ogalesco (K-L). should be prioritized, especially that it experienced exploitation in the past decades where the island’s old- growth forests drastically declined from 245 km2 in 1969 and an important Key Biodiversity Area, the secondary to only 59 km2 in 1984 (DENR-Catanduanes, 2011). forests and mountainous terrains with dense vegetation This study which aimed to update the butterfly in Virac, and the rivers and undeveloped waterfalls in species composition of Catanduanes, interestingly, other municipalities could also be potential conservation provides also an up-to-date distribution of the species. sites for the local butterfly fauna. Secondary forests has Data on species distribution has been useful for the been considered now as a potential habitat for endemic identification of conservation sites in the country (Ambal butterflies (Reeves & Daniels, 2019), while the waterfalls, et al., 2012). Therefore, the results of this study could rivers, and lakes could be their last refuge. However, be useful for policymakers, particularly in the possible joint efforts between the community, researchers, and declaration of UNESCO sites or biosphere reserves in policymakers should be addressed first. Citizen Science Catanduanes Island, to conserve and protect its butterfly or the involvement of the citizens in scientific researches fauna from the impact of natural resource exploitation and environmental monitoring (Chandler et al., 2017) and urbanization. Aside from the Catanduanes could be the solution in building a strong relationship Watershed Forest Reserve which is a Protected Area between the community and people involved in

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science. This study is a proof that the local people of Catanduanes Island are interested not just in protecting their local biodiversity but also in the engagement of discovering new knowledge. The authors suggest that further exploration should be conducted, especially in the remote areas of the island that have only a few or no sightings of butterflies reported at all. These include the municipalities of Pandan, Panganiban, Bagamanoc, San Miguel, Gigmoto, and Baras. The presence of the endemic, rare, and newly recorded species of butterflies in the island is an indication that there are still areas that are providing food and habitat for these indicator species, and these areas should be identified and be given attention in terms of protection to conserve the island’s butterfly fauna and to avoid local extinction.

Acknowledgment

We would like to thank the following contributors of the Catanduanes Biodiversity and other citizen scientists in documenting the butterfly fauna of Catanduanes Island: Evelyn M. Flores, Feliciano Avila de Leon Jr., John Ronel S. Gil, Jay A. Bautista, Aaron John Custodio, Jhanjeric Borja, Teddy Idusora, John Emmanuel Tayo, Annel King Custodio, Lorenz Kurt Co Abrasaldo, Jerry Solsona Socito, Mark Kennedy S. Borja, Mikandro Mendoza, Figure 5. Some of the endemic butterflies recorded Alvin Barba Biñas, Eddie Tud Bernacer Jr., Ralph Zeus B. on Catanduanes Island. (A) Aeromachus plumbeola, (B) Raquedan, Agnes A. Talavera, Leslie T. Ogalesco, Adrian Hypolycaena ithna, (C) Nacaduba sericina sericina, (D) & Trinket Constantino, Shiela B. Conche, and Bienvenido Lasippa illigera alabatana, (E) Zethera pimplea pimplea, (F) B. Panti Jr. Pantoporia cyrilla cyrilla, (G) Spindasis negrita, (H) Halpe luteisquama, (I) Acrophtalmia artemis artemis, (J) Ragadia luzonia obscura, (K) Mydosama ita, (L) Euthalia lusiada References lusiada. Photo courtesy of Evelyn M. Flores (A-F), Jay A. Bautista (G), Shiela B. Conche (H-K), and Agnes A. Ambal, R.G.R., Duya, M.V., Cruz, M.A., Coroza, O.G., Talavera (L). Vergara, S.G., de Silva, N., Molinyawe, N., & Tabaranza, B. (2012). Key biodiversity areas in the Philippines: Priorities for conservation. Journal of Threatened Taxa, conservation measures. Citizen Science has now become 4(8), 2788–2796. a mainstream strategy for collecting biodiversity data such as species distribution, abundance, and detection Badon, J.A.T. (2014). Butterflies of the Philippines. Mariposa Press Book. of invasive species in both large and local-scale studies (Chandler et al., 2017). Engaging citizens particularly in Badon, J.A.T. (2019). The butterfly fauna of the Philippines. data collection will give them not just an experience but Volume 1: Papilionidae and Pieridae. The Philippine also an understanding of the importance of biodiversity, Butterflies and Moths Inc. and conservation would be easy and more effective if the community is knowledgeable and aware of what the Baltazar, C.R. (1991). An inventory of Philippine insects II. Order Lepidoptera (Rhopalocera). University of the conservationists are doing. Philippines, Los Baños.

PhiLep Inc. and CatBio are just some of the Catanduanes Tribune. (2018). In the largest remaining forest organizations in the country that are involved in citizen block in Bicol. http://www.catanduanestribune.com/

27 BU R&D Journal, Vol. 23, July 2020 ISSN (Print): 0016-4139 | ISSN (Online): 2719-082X Mape et al.: Butterfly Fauna of Catanduanes Island, Philippines: New locality records (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) journal.bicol-u.edu.ph

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