Volume XXIII No. 4 April, 1968 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE

ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

fiobert Wehsch Elly Heuss were present. They were waiting for an attack on Stolper's house that evening which, however, did not occur then (it took place three nights later). All were very pessi­ DATES TO REMEMBER mistic but did not know what to do. Miss Wiskemann was not in Berlin on the When the first great blow fell on German Jews a strong sense of destiny and of soli­ 1st of April and she does not mention that Jewry just 35 years ago, only very few people darity, but they also made possible an orderly spectacular date at all. She went back to realised that this was an event of universal emigration of a large part of the Jewish London on March 26 and was deeply dis­ importance which opened the floodgate to population. appointed when she noticed the apathy and destruction and chaos in the whole of Europe, This was by no means an easy job. It is incredulity of the public. Even such men ^^i indeed in the whole world. unnecessary to point out that emigration from as Sir Herbert Samuel and Colonel Wedgwood The 1st of April, 1933, remains inscribed a country where one had thought to be secure are said to have been unresponsive to her 5s a black day in the Jewish Calendar. Those is a shattering event, not only economically warnings. In London, she felt, " it was quite Who remember it know well that on that day and socially but also psychologically. Our extraordinary to be living a normal life again 5 whole world collapsed for the German Jews own experience of the sufierings connected and equally impossible to persuade this *no had been brought up for more than a with emigration and of being a refugee makes normal society to believe in the abnormalities hundred years in the trust of a progressing us all particularly sympathetic to similar cases of Nazi Germany". Some of us know how civilisation whose legal and constitutional which, alas, have become frequent in this intensely the brilliant correspondent of The toundations were unshakeable. Moreover, the disturbed world. In 1933 emigration was a Times, Norman Ebbut, tried at that time to Patriotism of the German Jews and their very difficult decision for most German Jews. convey to English readers an idea of what was helief of having been integrated into full Elderly people who had no relations abroad going on. But his articles were censored by "tizenship and inalienable participation in were scared of stepping into darkness. Where- his own editor, his messages were not taken 'Cultural and economic life received a bitter ever they went they would be dependent on at face value, and ultimately he was sacked. ^hock. in many cases tantamount to utter charity and forced to adapt themselves to That was in line with the appeasement policy ^espair. Psychologically, the sudden destruc­ completely unknown conditions. But it was of the 'thirties, in which the editor of The tion of the whole fabric of one's concepts is not only on this side of the fence that the Times played such a prominent role. an almost unbearable blow, though we know process seemed by no means simple. The today that much worse things were to come. question was also where to go. Since those British Jewry's Efforts anxious days 35 years ago we have had suffi­ Turning Point in Jewish History According to the British Cabinet papers, cient opportunity to leam and to understand now made accessible following the new thirty The 1st of April was a turning point in that nations are not, as a rule, prepared to years' rule, the question of Jewish refugees Jewish history, as well as the beginning of a accept masses of immigrants or refugees. from Germany was raised at a meeting of the lew barbaric age for mankind. But at the Times have changed since nineteenth-century Cabinet on April 5, 1933, i.e., only a few days ^ttie this was by no means clear to everybody. America welcomed the persecuted to its shores, after Boycott Day, but the special occurrences Even we Jews ourselves, though, of course, as inscribed on the Statue of Liberty; the of that day are not mentioned in the minutes. faced more directly than others with an new continent was then desperately in need Sir John Gilmour, the Home Secretary, Unbelievable affront, were not aware of the of workers for its expanding industries. In informed the Government that because of the ™11 implications. the 'thirties of the twentieth century, when persecution in Germany " there was an The majority of the German Jews lived up all countries were hit by a grave economic increase in the number of Jews entering this to the disastrous situation with courage and crisis and by large-scale unemployment, they country under the Aliens' Act". In two days, dignity; they were convinced—as later so were reluctant to open their gates, even to he said, there were about 100 admittances, many other erroneously were—that " the human beings fleeing from hell. Above all, most of them professional people on a tempor­ World " would not for long tolerate such things they did not realise what was really going on ary visit, but also some entries of Jews who going on in the heart of Europe. In any case, in Germany and what was still in store. were completely destitute. The Jewish com­ nobody at that time thought of wholesale munity had submitted a scheme for providing annihilation. The prevailing feeling was one of Germany 1933 money and work for these people. These the imminence of a—possibly extended— For those who lived through these three representatives (of British Jews) assumed that Period of discrimination and even persecution formidable decades it is sometimes in hind­ the number of arrivals might be as high as which would eventually lead to some kind of sight difficult to understand how little the real 3.000-4,000. new relationship and status. It was assumed extent of the catastrophe was diagnosed at The Cabinet appointed a committee which that a temporary form of existence could be the time. We are reminded of it by a new reported on April 12. They pointed to the attained for the Jews while they would find book by Elizabeth Wiskemann,* one of the danger implied either in adopting a policy of comfort in a strengthened loyalty to Jewish­ few British journalists who made an efiort to new restrictions or in relieving the existing ness. With this aim in mind, and relying on gather information on the spot in Germany restrictions (as the Jewish community the prospect of restoring Jewish peoplehood and to open the eyes of her countrymen. She demanded). It was decided to leave the regu­ in Palestine, some of us then tried to boost was in Berlin in March. 1933. when the famous lations unchanged but to order the refugees to Jewish morale. It was comparatively easy, last general election took place on March 5, register with the police. On this occasion even in this state of collective and individual and she describes a visit at the office of an the Home Secretary told the Cabinet that niiserv-. to evoke a feeling of moral superiority unnamed " Jewish Anwalt" who took the risk oyer the vulgarity of the cruel and almost " proposals were made to the Cabinet that of submitting evidence to a group of British it would be in the public interest to try to ridiculous oppressors. This was important journalists about the beating and torturing because it helped many people maintain their secure for this country prominent Jews that was going on in Columbia House. The who were expelled from Germany and who pride and strengthen their will to survive. lawver, she savs. was never heard of again. had achieved distinction in pure science, Today we understand that it was a short-lived In the same week she had a ghostly dinner or applied science such as medicine or illusion. Nevertheless, the five years which with the " Austrian Jew", Gustav Stolper, technical industries, music and art. This Were allowed to the German Jews before the where among others, the Jewish musician, would not only obtain for this country the regime with all its organisational efficiency Emst Toch, and his wife and Theodor and advantage of their knowledge and experi­ and omnipotence was consolidated, were not ence, but it would also create a very • EUzabeth WisVemann : The Europe I Saw. in vain. Not only did they give the German CoUins, London, 1968. 255 pp. 30s. Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION April, 196^ DATES TO REMEMBER SOZIALVERSICHERUNGS­ RENTE Continued from page 1 of November 9. It is difficult today to recall Anrechnung auf beamtenrechtliche favourable impression in the world, the gloom which fell over the whole of Europe Versorgungsbezuege especially if our hospitality would be after the Anschluss, when all small nations Wie bereits fmeher bemerkt, rechnet das offered with some warmth. While fully east of Austria began to realise that they were Bundesverwaltungsamt in Koeln auf die y^ ' realising the importance of not permitting potential victims of Hitler's onslaught and sorgungsbezuege juedischer Gemeindebedieo' this country to be swamped with foreign practically helpless. No wonder they sought steter auch den Anteil von deutschen Sozia • refugees who before long would either salvation by jumping on to the band-wagon. versicherungsrenten an, der auf die Ersatz­ become a burden on the community or Anybody who had the opportunity of visiting zeiten nationalsozialistischer Verfolgung en- replace other workers who then would those countries after March, 1938, found the faellt, ein Standpunkt, den ich nach wie vor become a burden, the Cabinet was anxious Jews there in a state of utter perplexity and fuer falsch halte. In seinem Bescheid vom to avoid the other danger of creating an despair. Vienna was a nightmare. When in 21.12.1967—11 10—1488—hat es nunmeJir atmosphere in Europe critical to this June, 1938, I retumed from there to Berlin, wenigstens anerkannt, dass eine Anrechnuos country ". the German capital appeared almost a citadel nicht erfolgen darf, wenn der juedische The Cabinet also considered the answer to of freedom. Bedienstete bei seinem Ausscheiden bereits be given in the House of Commons on the Elizabeth Wiskemann toured the whole of versorgungsberechtigt war und aus diesei" same day to a question put by the Liberal Central and Eastern Europe at that time and Grunde fuer ihn seitens der juedischen SteU M.P., Mr. Mander. The agreed formula was she gives us a lively, though necessarily con­ keine Beitraege zur deutschen Sozialversicne' " that though the interests of this country densed, account of her impressions. Her story rung entrichtet worden sind. must remain the paramount consideration, is sprinkled with innumerable names, weU- Einzelne Laender der Bundesrepublik habe" every case should be examined on its own known and unknown, of persons to whom she aehnliche Anrechnungsvorschriften, die sicB merits, and that in accordance with the time- spoke. In 1938, she was mainly concemed aber stets auch nur auf geleistete Pflicht- honoured tradition of this country no unneces­ with the Czech problem and the Sudeten- beitrage beziehen. Es sei deshalb darau* sary obstructions would be placed in the way Germans who, according to a competent view hingewiesen, dass eine Anrechnung in solchen of foreigners seeking admission ". expressed to her, " were to blame for every­ Faellen nicht zulaessig ist, in denen Ehefrauen We can see that the dimensions of the prob­ thing ". She was not an eye-witness of the wahrend der Verfolgungszeit sich ihre Bei- lem were grossly under-estimated at that time. Anschluss, but she had foreseen its inevitabil­ Actually, in the years following that ominous tragsanteile haben auszahlen lassen und ihr^ April 1, 1933, Britain admitted many more ity. Austria became an easy prey to the Versicherang auf Grund des Artikel X des refugees than had been envisaged. Some time Nazis because in this " State that nobody Bundesentschaedigungsschlussgesetzes wieder- ago, those who found refuge here expressed wanted "** misguided Pangermanism was hergestellt haben. In solchen Faellen handelt their gratitude in a gesture called " Thank You widely spread, even in the Socialist camp. es sich ausschliesslich um freiwillige Bei- Britain ". Looking back, we can say with some Otto Bauer, whom Wiskemann calls a " Jewish tragszahlungen, die nicht fuer die Anrechnung satisfaction that, in spite of many difficulties Marxist", had been one of the most obstinate irgendeines Teiles der Sozialversichemngs- both for the authorities in this country and for advocates of the Anschluss. His opposite rente auf die beamtenrechtliche Versorgungs­ the refugees themselves the overwhelming number, the man who endeavoured to bolster bezuege in Betracht kommen. .^ bulk of those immigrants were not only suc­ genuine independence, Praelat Ignaz Seipel DR. L. G. T. KING cessfully absorbed, but also that the expecta­ (1876-1932), is labelled as Austria's greatest conservative statesman since Mettemich (1773- TRIALS AND SENTENCES tion expressed by the Home Secretary at that The Austrian Supreme Court has ruled that historical Cabinet meeting concerning the 1859) in a book published on the thirtieth Franz Novak, a close associate of Adolf Eicn- advantage to be derived from the distinction anniversary of the Anschluss.-f It is an apt mann, is to be retried. Novak was acquitted and experience of some of the new immigrants, comparison between the two leading Austrians in Vienna in 1966 of the charge of being a has been completley vindicated. of the period, exemplifying in this microcosm leading member of the Budapest S.S. coin- the clash of the two principal political trends mand, which organised the transport of 437,40^ March, 1938 of Europe in the inter-war age. Incidentally, Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz concentration analysing Austria's pre-Hitler antisemitism, camp. He was also charged with responsibility It may perhaps be argued that the true for the transport of thousands of Jews froi^ the author makes the astounding statement that France. Germany, Austria and Czechoslovakia nature of Nazism was revealed to a wider " the economic and cultural penetration of pubUc only five years later when, after the to death camps. . , Vienna by the Jews who were about 9 per cent Three former members of a Nazi special occupation of Austria, the regime released its of the population, was the greatest Jewish operations unit, " Sonderkommando 1,005, uninhibited barbarism. This event also achievement of modern times until the estab­ have been sentenced in Hamburg to haro had an anniversary—the thirtieth—these days. lishment and preservation of the State of labour for life on charges of complicity in the To the astonishment and shock of all those Israel". That sounds somewhat melancholy wartime murder of Polish and Russian still hoping for resolute action by the world today. civilians. Max Krahner, Otto Goldapp ano powers to stop Hitler's advance, no serious Otto Drews were found by the jury to have attempt was made to restrain him. Actually, On the other hand, these books again show taken part in the murders, and received the the behaviour of the Nazi mob in Vienna was that Austria succumbed because the two great maximum sentence. incomparably more atrocious, especially vis-a­ parties, almost equal in size, fought each other Franz Rademacher, a former Nazi diplomat' vis the Jews, than it had l>een in Gennany up to the death instead of combining forces is being re-tried at Bamberg. Sentenced m against Hannibal ante Portas. Consequently, Nuremberg in 1952 to 41 months' imprison­ to that day. From that moment the situation ment on the charge of complicity in the mur­ also steadily deteriorated in the old Reich Hitler had an easy victory and in March, 1938, der of 1,300 Serbian Jews, he fled to the Middle until the final explosion in the Kristallnacht acquired the reputation of invincibility. This East before the Supreme Court could order .a was to bring about Finis Europae. April 1, re-trial, retuming to Germany in 1966. He is 1933, 35 years ago, and March 11, 1938, 30 accused of the deportation of about 108,000 years ago, were the decisive waming signals. Jews. But " the world" did not heed them, the democracies remained paralysed, and all man­ kind had to pay the cost. ** Der Staat den keiner wollte is the title of a W. HERZ J. C. Gilbert Ltd very instructive book on the first Austrian Republic by the Austrian journalist Hellmut Andics, Verlag Herder, Wien. (Novelties) t Viktor Reimann : Zu gross fuer Oesterreich. Seipel und Bauer im Kampf um die erste RepubUk. Molden Verlag, Wien, 1968. The author, we are LIMITED * told, was sentenced to ten years' penal servitude in 1940 because of his membership in the Austrian Liberation movement.

Columbia House REMEMBRANCE MEETING Princess House, Eastcastle St., Aldwych ON APRIL 21 London, W.l London, W.C.2 Particulars on page 12 'Phone: MUSeum 3767 AJR INFORMATION April, 1968 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JVDAICA Lord Cohen of Walmer Honoured IMMIGRATION ACT WELFARE BOARD DINNER AT ST. JAMES'S PALACE The 80th birthday of Lord Cohen of Walmer Statement by Board of Deputies was celebrated by a dinner organised by the Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, addressed Union of Liberal and Progressive Synagogues, The executive of the Board of Deputies a dinner of the Jewish Welfare Board held at of which Lord Cohen is president. Princess issued the following statement: " While St. James's Palace, by the Queen's permission, Margaret sent a message of good wishes and respecting the motives animating both those on February 27. The distinguished gathering Chief Rabbi Jakobovits, prevented by illness who supported as well as those who opposed of 114 guests included Lord Cohen of Walmer, from attending, also sent a message. the recent Immigration Bill in Parliament, the Lord Nathan, Major-General P. N. White and Mr. Malcolm Slowe, chairman of the °oard of Deputies of British Jews is concerned Sir Harold Samuel. In his introductory U.L.P.S., who presided, announced that a With the humanitarian aspects generally, as address, Mr. Ronald Franklin, Chairman of the Lionel Cohen Lectureship in Human Rights Well as the possible effect of the Act on Jews J.W.B., said that they were profoundly grateful had been established by the Union at the in Kenya, by virtue of the fact that for the to the Duke of Edinburgh for making this Hebrew University to mark Lord Cohen's jirst time in the history of this great freedom- occasion so memorable by his own presence birthday, and that a Lionel Cohen Wood was loying democracy distinction has been created and by allowing it to be held in the Palace. to be planted in the Union's Forest in Israel. •between persons holding United Kingdom pass- It was for the first time in 2,000 years, he Ports. It is hoped that the restrictions will said, that a kosher dinner was served in a Education Deterioration °e operated with the maximum of humanity Royal Palace. In his reply, the Duke said : Possible in all the special circumstances." " Please accept the facilities offered you in According to the two representatives of the this Palace as a tribute for the contribution Brixton Synagogue on the United Synagogue Resolution by Liberal Rabbis of the Jewish community to the country in Council, the standard of Jewish education in A resolution passed by the rabbinic confer­ peace and war." He also referred to the out­ London, especially in South London, is ence of the Union of Liberal and Progressive standing work of the J.W.B. and other Jewish deteriorating. The representatives launched ^ynagogues states that entry to Britain of organisations. The function was held to an attack on the London Board for Jewish Reli­ i^enyans holding British passports should launch the Jewish WeKare Board's £2 million gious Education at the last U.S. council meet­ •"emain unrestricted. It " views with dismay " project for the care of the aged and infirm ing. The Chief Rabbi is seeking the help of the Govemment Bill restricting entry, and goes of the community. Although no formal appeal two American experts. °n to say that even if restrictions are applied was made at the dinner, £400,000 has already At a meeting at the Yavneh Grammar these should be applied to all British citizens been pledged. School, Willesden, parents were told that the irrespective of race, creed or colour. The school did not have enough money to pay staff highest priority should be given to those citi­ wages. The parents contributed to ensure zens abroad suffering discrimination and hard­ DEPUTIES' CALL ON GERMAN EMBASSY that salaries wilj be paid for a further period. ship. Although an assurance has been given that the A Board of Deputies' deputation visited the school will be kept open until the end of the RACE RELATIONS ACT West German Ambassador in this country to academic year in July, there is some anxiety express to him the growing concem of the on the part of both parents and teachers. The Home Secretary, receiving a delegation Jewish community about the development of 'rom the Board of Deputies, promised that he Right-wing extremism in West Germany. They Population Discrepancy Would give careful consideration to its repre­ stressed that the propaganda and methods of sentations when amending the Race Relations the N.P.D. and of several publications were The research unit of the Board of Deputies Act. ominously reminiscent of those of the Nazis. has published a report which puts the Jewish The suggestions submitted to the Home The deputation referred to the reports about population of Britain at 410,000—280,000 in Office included a request for strengthening extremist Right-wing influences in tne German the London area and 130^000 in the provinces. Section 6 of the Act which deals with incite- Army and to the need for greater democratic This figure is 40,000 below the former estimate nient to hatred. The Board recommended that education at all levels. They also stressed the of 450,000. The discrepancy is accounted for prosecutions under that section should not be necessity for no limitation to the period for mainly by the unknown quantity of Jews who based on " intention " to promote such hatred the prosecution of crimes perpetuated by the do not identify themselves at all with the com­ hut on " likelihood " of hatred being caused by Nazis. munity and who have been left out altogether racialist propaganda. It also suggested that The Ambassador agreed with the points from the latest survey. any promotion of contempt for a racial or made and said that the problems raised were ethnic group should be considered an alter­ under serious consideration by the Federal Students' Union President native and punishable offence to stirring up German Co^ilition Government. He undertook racial hatred and that the consent of the Direc­ to convey the views of the deputation to his Julian D. M. Lew has been elected presi­ tor of Public Prosecutions should be sufficient Government and asked the delegates to meet dent of the Holborn College Students' Union, 'or a case to be brought to court. him again soon. London, W.C. The son of Rabbi M. A. Lew, Welcoming the proposed extension of the of the West End Great Synagogue, Julian was Act to cover discrimination in housing and "INSIDIOUS ANTISEMITIC PROPAGANDA" educated at Carmel College and the City of insurance, the Board asked Mr. Callaghan to Westminster College. consider whether religion should be specifically Mr. Victor Mishcon, chairman of the Board nientioned. of Deputies' defence committee, presenting the Church to Synagogue The Minister of State to the Department of report of the committee at a board meeting, Education and Science, Mrs. Shirley Williams, drew attention to what he called " insidious The Bromley Reform Synagogue, a former has appealed to B'nai B'rith to lend all possible antisemitic propaganda" being disseminated Anglican Church, has been consecrated. The support to the forthcoming changes. Addressing by .Tohn Tyndall's National Front under a building was for a long time used as a block the First Lodge of Engand cutural meeting on cloak of pseudo-respectability and within the of flats. Apart from the synagogue, which the theme of " Education and the Under- limitations of existing law. accommodates 240, there are committee rooms Privileged ", Mrs. Williams started her talk and classrooms. hy referring to the new Commonwealth Immi­ gration Act, saying she was " thoroughly Tefilin Week ashamed" of it. She had not resigned from Your House for:— the Government, said Mrs. Williams, because A " tefilin week" was held in Britain, in she felt she could be more usefully employed CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO, response to a call from the Lubavitcher Rebbe, in trying to modify its original concept. Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson. The cam­ UPHOLSTERY paign was held with the co-operation of the " HATE PLAYS " BILL Chief Rabbi and the Rav Rashi of the Federa­ tion of Synagogues. Dr. Jakobovits wrote to SPECIALITY all ministers under his jurisdiction asking The Theatres Bill, submitted by Mr. George them to encourage their members to put on Strauss, Labour M.P.. with all-Party support, CONTINENTAL DOWN the tefilin every week-day and-to attend special will abolish the Lord Chamberlain's theatre Sunday services with demonstration courses. censorship functions. At the same time, the QUILTS! The Lubavitch Foundation sent out 60,000 Bill seeks to prevent the indiscriminate per­ booklets on the subject. formance of racialist plays which might give ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS offence to minorities in Britain. An offence Would be committed if a play involves the use Prison Kiddush of threatening, abusive or insulting words to ESTIMATES FREE stir up hatred against sections of the public The Chief Rabbi, Dr. Immanuel Jakobovits, distinguished by colour, race or ethnic or DAWSON-LANE LIMITED visited Wormwood Scrubs, where he addressed national origins. It has been made clear that 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK a service in the prison synagogue attended this formulation, taken from the Race Rela­ by 14 Jewish prisoners, two serving life tions Act, is intended to give protection to the Telephone: 904 6671 imprisonment for murder. During the kiddush Jewish community as well as other minorities Pfirsonal attention of Mr. W. Stiackman that followed he was welcomed by the in the country. Governor. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION April, 1968 NEWS FROM ABROAD JEWRY IN THE EAST CAMPAIGN AGAINST JEWS IN POLAND VATICAN CHANGES " TRUCKS FOR JEWS " Statement by Nahiun Goldmann At a Vatican press conference Monsignor The discovery in the United States of some Marafini, who is in charge of the ecumenical of the files of the late Mr. Sally Mayer may Dr. Nahum Goldmann, President of the activities of the Italian Conference of Bishops, bring further facts to light about negotiations World Jewish Congress, issued the following announced that all expressions which might between the representative body of Hungarian statement: " It is my duty to protest against sound antisemitic are to be removed from Jewry in wartime Budapest and the Gestapo. and to repudiate most strongly the baseless Italian Roman Catholic Church texts and edu­ The files are believed to contain valuable propaganda by Polish politicians and pi^ess cational material. information about the " trucks for Jews " deal alleging that Jews or Zionists are the insti' Mgr. Marafini recalled that the cult of Saint with Eichmann. gators of the current unrest in Poland. Tlus Simon of Trent had been abolished, with the They were discovered by Dr. Yehuda Bauer, campaign is an outrageous calumny against tne encouragement and endorsement of the Vati­ a well-known Israeli historian, who is con­ small Jewish community of 20,000 souls, tne can. As a result, the Italian Council of Rabbis ducting research into Jewish and Zionist tiny remnant of the three million Jewisn had withdrawn the rabbinical ban placed on diplomatic efforts during the Second World citizens of pre-war Poland who were the vic­ Trent several hundred years ago. War. Mr. Mayer represented the American tims of mass murder by the Nazi antisemites. Joint Distribution Committee in Switzerland, " It is unthinkable that the Polish Govern­ maintaining contact with Hungarian Jewry on ment should permit Jews to be exploited as a MILAN YESHIVA behalf of the organisation. scapegoat for its present intemal difficulties and fail to denounce this attempt to revive tue The generosity of two leading families in traditional antisemitism of the former reac­ Milan has made possible the establishment of PRESIDENT OF BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY tionary forces of Poland. Jews throughout tne a small yeshiva in the city. It has also been world are deeply disturbed by this campaign endowed by the Jarach and Shapira families The forthcoming president of Brandeis Uni­ because of its possible effects on the situation for the first two years of its administration. versity is Mr. Morris Abram, president of the of the Jews now in Poland, and the encourag^ The last and famous yeshiva which existed in American Jewish Committee and the American ment which it must give antisemitic elements northern Italy was in the town of Brescia, representative on the Human Rights Com­ in other countries." destroyed at the beginning of the sixteenth mission. He is expected to take up his new century. post in the late summer. His reason for not MOSCOW TRIAL WARNING accepting the post earlier was his wanting to FLORENTINE SCROLLS stand for the Senate against Jacob K. Javits, Soviet Jews, including leading writers, are the Republican Senator for New York. Because among the signatories of a letter demanding The return of 64 sifrei Torah to the Florence of White House discouragement, however, he the retrial of Alexander Ginsburg and the synagogue has been celebrated by the com­ decided to stand down. three others sentenced in Moscow in January munity with a solemn ceremony. The scrolls Mr. Abram will replace Dr. Abram L. for anti-Soviet activities. were damaged in the floods of December, 1966, Sachar, who is retiring as president of Several Jewish intellectuals are among those and were sent to Rome, where they were Brandeis University. A lawyer by profession, warned by the security police for protesting cleaned and restored. this will be Mr. Abrams's first academic post. against the trial. Alexander Ginsburg's mother was also wamed. . SWEDISH FUNDS FOR NAZI VICTIMS " Komsomolskaya Pravda ", the daily of tlje BUENOS AIRES SCHOOL BAN Soviet Young Communist League, was the only paper to publish verbatim extracts of the trial An amount of £99,000 is to be handed over St. Catherine's School in Buenos Aires has proceedings. The paper said that Ginsburg to Jewish organisations for assistance to vic­ ruled that no new Jewish pupils will be was charged with being a "paid agent" of a tims of Nazism. The money is from current accepted for the new school year. The reason Russian 6migr6 organisation in Municii, unclaimed accounts opened in Sweden during given was that 80 per cent of the pupils were omitting to state that the State Attorney con­ the war by Jewish persons. Jewish organisa­ Catholics and, as the Jews did not attend Mass, fessed it had been a mistake to charge Gin^ tions are also eager for the banks to release it caused " religious difficulties ". burg with this crime. Mrs. Ludmilla Ginsburg deposit accounts still held by them, but this Daia, the representative organisation of wrote to the paper threatening to sue it for requires new legislation. Argentine Jewry, has protested to the school, libelling her son. Copies of her letter were expressing " amazement' that it cannot adapt distributed among foreign correspondents in FRENCH INVESTIGATIONS itself to the new spirit of the Vatican Council. Moscow. The move, it said, showed an inability to It has been disclosed that a thorough eliminate prejudice, and it represented a con­ STEINER'S "TREBUNKA" IN RUSSIAN although discreet investigation of high-ranking fession of failure for the entire educational Jewish Army officers and civil servants has system. Two long extracts in Russian from Jean- been going on in France since last June. It Francois Steiner's book, "Treblinka", have is understood that every responsible Jewish PORTUGUESE SETTLEMENT been published by the Soviet weekly, Zd officer and official in the Army and war^roduc- Rubezhom ("Abroad"). The weekly usually tion sectors was investigated as to his affilia­ Dr. Tavares Ferreira, the Mayor of Gourveia, only reprints and comments on Western tions and his past, and especially any Zionist the Portuguese town 150 miles from Lisbon articles on foreign affairs, and has serialised or pro-Israeli leanings. From there, the and 50 miles from the Spanish border, and a only one other book in the past two years, investigators went on to education, the press, noted archaeologist, has found evidence of William Manchester's " Death of a President • foreign affairs, finance, and so on. Jewish settlement in Gourveia. A stone syna­ No books on the Holocaust are now pub­ gogue tablet, it is believed, sets the date at lished in Russia. The only one on a concen­ tration camp was on Auschwitz. Only a limited JEW HOLDS INDIAN OFFICE 5252 or C.E. 1492. This was the year of the expulsion from Spain when hundreds of Jews edition of Anne Frank's Diary was printed The Indian National Congress, the ruling crossed the border into Portugal. In 1497 and no Russian survey of the Nazi extermina­ party in the State of Kerala, has appointed King Manoel I ordered the forcible conversion tion of Soviet Jews has appeared. Mr. E. Elias, a joumalist, as a member of the of the Jews in Portugal. The Church of the However, the two extracts deal mostly witn party's Kerala district committee. Mr. Elias Holy Cross, built at the time of the conversion, Jewish collaboration with the Nazis and is the first Jew to hold office in the party. marks the site of the town's old Jewish acquiescence in their fate. Mention is made of quarter. preparations for an uprising at Treblinka and About 300 Jews live in Kerala. of one that failed, and the final pages detail the uprising in August, 1943.

"BLACK POWER" JEWS At a meeting in Toronto sponsored by Toronto's Hillel Foundation, Professor Allen Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. Pollack, of Pittsburgh University, told 400 young Jews that in the Soviet Union there was a Jewish equivalent to the Black Power move­ Bankers ment. Dr. Pollack, who has visited Russia ten times, said that there was a strong identifica­ tion with Israel and Soviet Jews wanted to BASILDON HOUSE, 7^11 MOORGATE, E.C.2 assert their nationality. The Soviet Govern­ ment, said Dr. Pollack, was dedicated to a policy of letting Jews exist but denying them Telephone: 01-638 8151 their Jewishness. The Soviet Union was sen­ sitive to world opinion and there should be Telex: London 25157 pressure on the country to stand by its laws respecting its minorities. AJR INFORMATION April, 1968 Page 5 Erich Gottgetreu Old Acquaintances "AN AUSTRIAN FROM VIENNA" Milestones: Ludwig Stoessel, who still appears in TV commercials, celebrated his 85th A One-sided Reinhardt Documentary birthday in California.—The widow of comedian Max Ehrlich, who was murdered in A film about the life and work of Max theatre could be of tremendous importance, Auschwitz, became 75 in Los Angeles, where Reintiardl is now being shown under tne but tbe new Germany does not want members she now lives.—Dajos Bela, the violinist and auspices of the German Embassy in a number of the Jewish race, to which, of course, I dance band leader, tumed 70 in Buenos Aires, oi Israeli cities. It is a source of pleasure to unreservedly admit my allegiance, to occupy where he lives in retirement.—Therese Giehse, those wno recall the special atmosphere of positions oi influence. . . ." a former member of Erika Mann's cabaret bis productions, and it stimulates and encour­ Opinions can UiHer about whether Reinhardt " Pfeffermuehle", who survived the war in ages the younger generation, which never had adopted the right tone in his letter to the Zurich, is 70 years old.—Ema Sack, the once the opportunity to experience a Reinhardt barbarians with whom he was corresponding, famous singer, celebrated her 70th birthday. performance. A good documentary has been whether, indeed, it was not beneath his dignity compiled by reproducing many portraits of at such a juncture even to hint at the theoreti­ Germany: In East Berlin Schinkel's Schau­ the brilliant producer and his most famous cal possibility of any further association with spielhaus at Gendarmenmarkt is being rebuilt actors, to which have been added pictures of the Gennan theatre, and whether he had not as a concert halL—Curt Bois appeared in the most important scenes of his activity, paid far too much respect to these abnegators Moli^re's " Buerger als Edelmann " at Berlin's sketches of his stage sets and interviews with of all moral standards by discussing with Schiller-Theater.—Valerie von Martens will contemporary artists who were associated with them the concept of a homeland, as if with produce on TV 16 one-act plays by her late him in his work. The film is bound to be a normal individuals. One can, however, not husband, Curt Goetz.—Hans Deppe is to direct source of general interest wherever the living approve of the one-sided treatment of Rein­ " Liliom" in Hamburg.—^Fritz Kortner was theatre is cherished. hardt's letter which is quoted as for acknow­ awarded the Ernst Reuter Medal of the City of Berlin.—^Albert Lieven stars in F. This Reinharuc documentary, produced by ledging his debt to his German cultural herit­ age, but does not mention his reference to his Durbridge's "Lueckenloses Alibi" at Berlin's the Bertelsmann Combine, has also been shown Hebbel-Theater.—Friedel Schuster will appear on German television and is now being dis­ Jewish origin. The men who cut this letter mutilated themselves if by so doing they in Viktor de Kova's production of Ustinov's tributed throughout the world by the official " Halb auf dem Baum " in Hamburg. Bonn " Internationes," in belated recognition imagined that this would not be noticed. of the producer who was hounded into exile And there is another thing : like many Ger­ This and That: Austrian-born Erich Fried, by the Nazis in 1933 and died in New York man and Austrian Jews, Reinhardt believed poet, translator of Dylan Thomas and Shakes­ tea years later. Although we are grateful to for a long while in the blessings of assimila­ peare, for 17 years commentator of the BBC the initiators and producers of the project tion. He neither practised any traditional German Soviet Zone Programme in London's for this posthumous acknowledgment, we can­ religious observances nor had he any national Bush House, has resigned his post because not conceal our astonishment that nowhere Jewish feelings, despite his somewhat naive he changed his views about the situation in in it is there any mention of the fact that use of the expression " Jewish race." Yet the East Germany.—In his biography of Emst Max Reinhardt was a Jew, and that as a Jew great artistic success of his production of Rowohlt, W. Kiaulehn quotes the publisher's he was attacked by the Nazis and robbed of Werfel's "Weg der Verheissung" (performed reason for his retum from South America his theatres. In the film he is represented in America in the 'thirties under the title during the war: " I wanted to be with the as an " Austrian from Vienna," and that is all. " The Eternal Road ") showed that the collapse losers and live with them. Only when I am The uninformed spectator could thus assume of humanism had revealed to him the drama with them will they have confidence in me, that he was an " Aryan " emigrd, like Thomas of the Jewish people. the confidence I need to start again as a publisher after the war ". or Heinrich Mann, an anti-Nazi Marxist like It is to be assumed that the still-lacking the "Aryan" Bert Brecht, or a half-Jew like biography of Max Reinhardt will be produced Home Netcs: Lea Seidl sang in " Eric Carl Zuckmayer, who was not only attacked to celebrate the centenary of his birth on Robinson Presents" on BBC-TV.—German- for his anti-nationalist attitude but also September 9, 1973; a great deal of source bom Frank Marcus, of " The Killing of Sister because of his Jewish mother. . . . material for such a biography, including his George " fame, succeeded Alan Brien as drama We are certain that there were no ulterior original production notes, is preserved in critic of the Sunday Telegraph.—This colum­ motives, good or bad, that caused the pro­ the Theaterwissenschaftliche Institut in nist was interviewed on BBC radio before the ducers of the film to keep silent about Rein­ Cologne. Until now published material has first night of the new musical " Cabaret" and hardt's Jewishness. Nevertheless, the omission merely consisted of the work analysis, excel­ asked to compare the " golden 'twenties " in causes an obscurity. Max Reinhardt was lent of its kind, from the pen of Siegfried Berlin with " swinging London" today.— always described by the Nazi "cultural authori­ Jacobsohn, somewhat limited articles by Heinz Anton Diffring, who starred in the six episode ties" as "the Jew Max Goldmann," since in Herald and the scenic designer, Ernst Stem, series " Scobie in September " for BBC-TV, is their view the possession of such a " Jewish " and the perceptive essay by Arnold Zweig in to play in M.G.M.'s " Where Eagles Dare" name was a stigma in itself. Dr. Johann his book "Juden auf der deutschen Buehne." starring Richard Burton. von Leers, author of the pamphlet "Juden Most publications about Reinhardt say Obituary: The doyen of the actors, Robert sehen dich an," described him as the dis­ nothing more about his origins than that he Mueller, has died in Berlin at the age of 88. seminator of " inferior and soulless art " that was born in Baden bei Wien. Zweig was of Bom in Vienna, he joined Berlin's Volks­ *as " enthusiastically foisted on the masses the opinion that the family originally came buehne in 1911.—Dr. Fritz Kahn, author of by the Jewish press." from Galicia. This would explain a great deal. popular medical books, died in Ascona aged It is tme that the fihn does express the Galicia was a narrow and poverty-stricken 79; he returned from the States in 1956. His bittemess with which Reinhardt left the world for Jews, and not everybody could find works also include a widely recognised book on country of his activities in the spring of 1933. happiness in prayer and the fulfilment of reli­ " Die Juden als Rasse und Kulturvolk " (1920). The film complre. that excellent journalist gious duties. It was a world in which many —C. F. W. Behl, a life-long friend of Gerhart and lover of Berlin, Walter Kiaulehn, quotes young people, like Chagall's "Fiddler on the Hauptmann and former director of the theatre an extract from a letter that Reinhardt wrote Roof," dreamed of light and colour, of and cultural division of Berlin's police, has to the German Government on June 6, 1933, pleasure and a positive approach to this world, died in Munich at the age of 78.—The 85-year- from Oxford, the first place where he found of art and poetry. Karl Emil Franzos described old poet and president of the German P.E.N. asylum. It mns : " The decision to make a this urge in his novel, " Der Pojaz," when he East and West, Johannes Tralow, died in East final break with the German theatre is natur­ depicted the desperate and sometimes serio­ Berlin.—The poet, novelist and painter, Georg ally not easy for me. By so doing I not only comic attachment of a young Jew towards the von der Vring, died in Munich at the age of 78. lose the fraits of thirty-seven years' activity, theatre. Emanuel Reicher, Alexander Granach 'Jut, even more. I lose the foundations on and other leading actors on the German stage Austria: Ernst Deutsch, Josef Meinrad, Kurt *hich I have built up my life and with which passed through the " Pojaz " experience them­ Meisel, Paul Hoffmann, Susi Nicoletti and I am intimately bound up. I lose my home­ selves, before their rise in the profession took Hilde Krahl, toured Israel and the States with land. I need not spell out the meaning of them further west. And it seems that Max the Burgtheater productions of " Professor this to those who have elevated this concept Reinhardt, too, had acquired this yeaming Bemhardi", "Maria Stuart" and Bahr's above all others." But the film does not quote from his ancestors, a yearning which, like " Konzert", sponsored and financed by Gert the previous sentence in the same letter of the ecstasy of a Chasid, could surmount von Gontard.—Hollywood's Leon Askin will Heinhardt to the Hitler govemment, in which reality, when he wove his visions into his take the part of the Marquis de Sade in Peter he says : "... Everything leads me to assume productions and used his fantasy to bewitch Weiss's " Marat/Sade " at the Burg. that even in difficult times my work in the us again and again. PEM Page 6 AJR INFORMATION April, 1968

Gabriele Tergit Berlin or the Friedberger Landstrasse in Frankfurt, mainly a Jewish quarter. The Oktoberfest is a gigantic fun fair with gigantic tents for feasting beer and sausages. Larsen EGON LARSEN'S MUNICH gives the figures with gusto : 3i million litres of beer are drunk by the five million visitors Egon Larsen has written a book about tramways only. . . ." With equal charm Larsen who arrive in 70 special trains, 3,000 coaches Munich in a series " Cities of the World", describes the calendar year of the people of and 30,000 extra tram-trains. published by Phoenix House, London (18s.). Munich from Fasching to Fasching, Catholic Processions are always a highlight in It is a very touching book especially for this feastdays interspersed with those of Bacchus Munich, the Fasching procession, the great reviewer whose mother hails from a Munich (or better of Gambrinus) both often originat­ Church processions with colourful dignitaries family which founded a linen shop in Diner- ing from the same antique past and reflecting and human life symbolised by little children, strasse in 1813. the Roman influence south of the Danube ; adolescents, men and women in their prime Let me tell a story: A Russian friend of the daily Ufe of Munich's residents from morn­ and the tottering old, the procession of the mine visited Russia after thirty or more years. ing till midnight or even till 5 in the moming Oktoberfest with people in Bavarian costumes, At a party in Leningrad, the conversation with " Weisswuerschtl beim Donisl" ; at ten, lavishly decorated beer wagons and horses. tumed out to be the eternal one before 1914: with radish in one hand and bread in the other, Cannons are fired and the Lord Mayor draws " St. Petersburg or Moscow", " Petrograd or the workers have bread time (" Brotzeit"). the first litre of beer, exactly as the poor Moscow ", now " Leningrad or Moscow ", and After lunch the gentlemen, all of them, go to Prime Minister of Bavaria has to drink a four- as always, in Leningrad the scales tipped their Cafe, and the ladies to what one calls a pint stein at the Maibock broaching. heavily in favour of Leningrad. In our family " Conditorei". The winter evenings are spent The Oktoberfest is a strange harvest festiw- the question was " Munich or Berlin ? " I now at a " Stammtisch " in the big beer restaurants. At all other harvest festivals, for instance the find Larsen repeating the whole argument: " In the warm season great masses of citizens American Thanks Giving, thanks are given the sneers against the Prassians, Munich " the have their evening meal in the beer gardens ", for the harvest, some of which is sacrificed to Sweetheart of Europe ", " Athens of the Isar " writes Larsen. Here, as so often in this book, God, but at the Oktoberfest the peasants come amplified by some newer superlatives : " the one would like to translate, " man geht aufn to town to spend the money they have received Nationaltheater . . . technically the most Keller". These are the cellars of the great for their harvest. They are awarded meda^ advanced in Central Europe", " Germany's breweries where you sit under large trees, for their beasts, which are nicely decorated. busiest traffic hub", "Bavarian radio and bring your own food along and enjoy an even­ When we over-dressed our mother would say: television is, without doubt, a cut above the ing picnic glorified by drinking beer from the " Schaust aus vide a Preiskuh vom Oktober­ average in Federal Germany", "three-and-a- barrel. Larsen is right, in Munich one works fest ". half million times a year Munich's hotel and to live and not the other way round. In his Larsen writes about many more things : how boarding-house beds are slept in by tourists. description of Munich's eating and drinking the young people go ski-ing in the Alps, This figure exceeds by far that of Hamburg. habits I disagree that sweets are one of the directly from a Fasching ball, about the Some five hundred organisations have their weaknesses of the Bavarian diet. Kirsch and weather, even about Valentin's absurd and national and interaational meetings in Munich Apfelkrapferln, Schmarrn and Palatschinken, tragic wit epitomising Munich at its best. He every year (three hundred in Cologne)". ausgezogne Kuecheln and Zwetschgendatschi rightly stresses the democratising influence of " The old Pinakothek ranks among the seven and all the sweets of Austria, boehmische the Munich dialect spoken both at the greatest art museums of the world". Such Dalken and Salzburger Nockerln ..." a " Victualienmarket" and by Wittelsbacb statements tempt me to look for an asterisk: Moehlspeis" is the most important part of princes. Another strange fact making fo^ " Which seven ? " (For answer see page 25 lunch and dinner. The actual weakness is democracy is that Munich has no elegant of the quiz.) Larsen does not tell the 100- vegetables. western and poor eastern districts, or the other year-old joke about the old man of Munich who As amusing as his traffic research is his way round, like other European or American on his death-bed says: " If I recover this time history of beer linked with the annual cycle of cities. Address means very little. There are I promise to visit the old Pinakothek ". Any­ feasts from Salvator to Maibock and to the rich and poor residences in every part of the how, this enthusiasm culminates in the phrase: Oktoberfest. It began in 1158 when monks city- .^ "Munich, a city of nearly the same rank as started brewing beer. The Maibock, symbol­ Paris, Rome and Vienna, and of a more Larsen has succeeded in capturing the quite ised in advertisements all over Munich by a special flavour of his home town. He definitely genuine importance than Berlin ". He admits goat, has nothing to do with a goat or " Bock ", that Berlin was a cultural centre during the provides some sort of key to the city of Munich but derives its name from Einbeck in Hanover, for his English readers. fifteen years of the Weimar Republic, but mentioned by Glueckel von Hameln. Of the only during that period. As to the Nazis in Oktoberfest, which one would suppose origi­ Munich from 1923, Larsen expresses the view nated from a Wotan cult, Larsen reveals that LOTTIE REIZENSTEIN STUDIO that "the only major source of disturbances it began in 1810 with a horse race run in EXHIBITION was the students; most of them came from honour of Crown Prince Ludwig's spouse Prussia and westem Gennany, the sons of big Theres, after which the race course and sur­ " Life is serious but art is cheerful." No­ landowners, ex-officers, industrialists and roundings were called Theresienwiese or " die where have I seen a more convincing demon­ senior bureaucrats. They worried us with Wiesn". The ring road around it, the stration of this proverb's truth than at Lottie their chauvinistic and antisemitic rowdyism : Bavariaring, was like the Hansaviertel of Reizenstein's studio exhibition held last month. a foreign element in the calm temper of the She is an optimistic painter. So many of her tovm ". contemporary colleagues in art are steeped in the tragedy of our human existence, others It is not true that, as Larsen writes, " most have lost all faith in the beauty, indeed, in the of the contributors to the Simplicissimus fled reality of the object world around us. Thus or were put behind barbed wire " when the some modern painting is gloomier than the Nazis came. I met Thomas Theodor Heine in eyes can bear. Miss Reizenstein has serenely Prague in 1933. He had been denounced by triumphed over all the humiliating and Gulbransson and told us: " They have all depressin,g experiences most German Jews had behaved like swines". to go through. Her works affirm the victory of As I said, a touching book. " Der ist in light, form, order and colour over darkness, tiefster Seele treu, der die Heimat liebt wie destraction, anarchy and grey despair. du". Petersburg or Moscow, Berlin or Therefore it is only to be expected that Munich, Munich or Vienna, everybody prefers flowers and trees are prominent on her can­ bis birthplace, for objective reasons only, of vasses and papers. A glovring and graceful course. flower still-life or a sun-drenched and jubilant However, apart from these reservations, landscape of hers are destined to give joy and Larsen's " Munich " is a delightful book. His hope to any room. Yet there is nothing cheap, description of the Munich traffic problem, sentimental or sloppy about her pictures. Her including the diluvian tramway, is a gem of art is disciplined and her technique is of a high humour, especially for those who remember standard. As a good draughtsman, she empha­ its solution by the Munich comedian Karl sises shape and harmonious composition. Valentin: " From 9-10 bikes only, from 10-11 These Reizensteins from Nuremberg must tramways only, from 11-12 pedestrians only; be a specially gifted family. Her brother is or Monday bikes only, Tuesday tramways only, the famous musician Franz. Can we make so Wednesday pedestrians only; or first week in bold as to say that Miss Lottie is a kind of January bikes only ... or 1968 bikes only, 1969 Mozart of painting ? A. ROSENBERG. AJR INFORMATION April, 1968 Page 7

//. /. Bach many readers to learn of the Jewish parentage of distinguished people such as the Nobel laureate Wolfgang Pauli, the famous waltz composer Johann Strauss, sen. (Jewish THE PHILO LEXIKON RENEWED father), the dancers Anna Pavlova and Marie Rambert, the novelist and wit Roda Roda and Many readers will still be familiar with the Jewish music on records, philately, youth many others. "Philo Lexikon" which, originally published movements, etc. Entries, such as " antholo­ Although the great majority of contributors in Berlin in 1934, went to four editions till gies ", listing the existing ones, say of now live in the U.S.A., there are remarkably 1938. Two of its former editors, Hans Chasidism, folk-lore and legends, letters, few Americanisms. On the other hand, the (John F.) Oppenheimer and Emanuel bin quotations, jokes, etc., and their authors, are predominant American and Israeli orientation Gorion, and two of its original contributors, as imaginative as they are helpful. may account for the occasionally patchy cover­ E. G. Lowenthal and Hanns Reissner, have Apart from 35 text illustrations and tables ing of countries behind the Iron Curtain. Yet, now, after 30 years, undertaken the enormous (mostly statistical, some quite extensive), the on closer inspection, even England seems task of bringing it up to date.'* The Philo- volume contains 32 plates. Many of the latter somehow neglected. For instance, one badly Verlag, alas, no longer exists; it was closed are also new: portraits of the members of the misses mention of the Council of Christians down by the Nazis and its managing director, Reichsvertretung; memorial monuments; and Jews, which has been instramental in Lucia Jacoby, to whom tribute is paid in the documents of the Kulturbund; two of Nazi fostering closer co-operation also on the Conti­ Preface, perished in a concentration camp. It outrages; three of leading Jews of modern nent. As to individuals. Sir Solly Zuckerman, is remarkable that the new encyclopedia times, one reproducing the title pages of to give one example, appears in the list of could be published in Germany, though there Jewish periodicals, another showing Jewish physicians with his early medical work, but is now no Jewish publisher there who could motifs on stamps. nowhere is it mentioned that, during the last have undertaken it. Life in Israel is illustrated by plates depict­ war, he did pioneering research, e.g., on The "Philo-Lexikon" itself had its place ing famous places; cultural features; the effects of bomb blast and its counter­ within the upsurge of spiritual resistance economic development (2) and universities. action and that since the end of the war which, in defiance of the denigration of every­ The more historical illustrations represent he has been chief scientific adviser to the thing Jewish by the Nazis, aimed at strengthen­ Jewish ceremonial appurtenances, holy days, British Govemment. A comparison with the ing the self-confidence, the will to survive and illuminated books (2), ghetto (2), inventions "Jewish Year Book" is likely to produce a the feeling of inner freedom in Jews. The by Jews (2), while those on art show architec­ crop of further additions. Even in the notes factual presentation of Jewish history and ture (2), synagogues (2), examples of graphic on some of those who are "in", such as Sir religion and the accurate data of the achieve­ art, painting, sculpture, as well as portraits Isaac Wolfson, significant facts of social stand­ ments of Jews and their position within ever- of actors and musicians. Facsimiles of Zola's ing and power like " President of the United changing environments thus served a higher " J'accuse " and of the title page of the Prague Synagogue" might well be added, as they purpose. Haggada in the text complement the plates invariably are in comparable biographies of The aims of the new encyclopedia have, The small text illustrations of the "Philo American Jews. however, subtly changed with the different Lexikon" are to some extent replaced by circumstances. The " Lexikon des Judentums " insertions : of a newspaper excerpt on the New and Old Biographies envisages " a new generation of readers, most meaning of the Eichmann trial, of a selec­ Within the biographical notes, it is rather of them probably non-Jevrish ", and promises tion of biblical phrases in common parlance, startling to see a marked disproportion them objective information on Jewish reality, etc. As the editors are no doubt well aware, between the Continental and the American : as well as documenting the history of German despite all these achievements, there is still the former are succinct and subdued, the Jewry for the sake of the survivors and their ample room for improvement in a second latter tend to be longish and flamboyant with children. edition which, it is hoped, will soon become many superlatives ("the highest price ever The new publication has about three times necessary. paid for a picture") and abundant "world- the volume of the old. The largest additions Beyond any details of content, the layout famous" people, fihns or plays. Taking the are due to two factors: the State of Israel of the closely printed text would greatly bene­ length assigned to any item and, hence, the and the Nazi era. Both are fully covered, fit from modern standards of presentation. amount of detail as one of the editor's chief Israel with its towns, parties and institutions One would wish the entries to stand out more means of highlighting what he regards as and also Zionism, refugee ships, shipping, etc., clearly, and likewise the sub-entries under important, leads to some staggering observa­ the Nazi period with Reichsvertretung. the same surname which now have to be tions. A handful of entries picked at random, Kulturbund, destmction of Jewish libraries, searched for. One wonders about the choice with the number of lines they occupy shown Quislings, resistance against the Nazis, post­ of the greyish paper, which does not give in brackets, may illustrate how this works war restitution and much more. enough contrast to the print and thus makes out: the mathematician Georg Cantor (3i) Some idea of the huge amount of work reading for any long period difficult—a real and the comedian and philanthropist Eddie involved in such an undertaking may be pity in a book so full of valuable information. Cantor (lOi) ; Hermann Cohen (9J) and the conveyed by merely listing the newly added, writer Lester Cohen (9i) ; the violinist Carl comprehensive group headings, mostly of Suggestions Flesch (4) and Max Fleischer, the inventor professional groups: actors, aeronautics, In the text itself, a question to consider of the trick film (8i) ; the philosopher agronomers, archaeologists, atomic science, would be the placing of items in the alpha­ Edmund Husserl (5J) and the impresario Sol biochemists, biologists, botanists, dance, betical sequence where the average German- Hurok (13) ; Moritz Lazarus who, with Hayim encyclopedias, explorers, geographers, geolo­ speaking reader would look for them rather Steinthal, founded the psychology of nations gists, libraries, newspapers and periodicals, than under the linguistically correct form, (4i) and the poetess Emma Lazaras (15) ; organisations, physicists, singers, social e.g., the evil spirit Ashmedai under the chemist and Nobel laureate Richard Will­ Workers, sociologists, translators, travel writers Asmodeus. A striking example is Youth statter (10) and the film director Billy Wilder and world literature. These, as well as the Aliyah, entered under Alijat Noar. Bat (lOi) ; the publisher Kurt Wolff (6i) and group headings taken over from the " Philo Mitsva will only be found under Bar Mitsva, the journalist-designer S. J. Woolf (8i). This Lexikon" and extended, are admirably com­ without even a cross-reference. A reader who lack of balance, noticeable throughout the plete ; only under Germanists I missed one, tries to look up Reconstructionism will not volume, calls for attention in a new edition— Eduard Berend, the editor of Jean Paul's find it unless his glance happens to fall on quite a task and a challenge to the editor's Works. Society for the Study of Judaism. The skill. Moreover, the range is widened by excel­ strangest displacement is the Old High Ger­ The comparison may be complemented by lent articles on Judaism, Jewish cooking, man lullaby under Old High German. looking at the entries under the same sur­ * Lexikon des Judentums. Edited by John F. Among basic problems, the complex ques­ Oppenheimer (New York) together with Emanuel name, e.g., Bernays. The "Philo Lexikon" bin Gorion (Tel Aviv), E. G. Lowcnthal (London/ tion of who is a Jew has been wisely listed two, now there are six. The founder Frankfurt-a-M.) and Hanns G. Reissner (New York). answered in an " existential" sense exceeding Continued on page 8, column 1 Guetersloh (C. Bertelsmann), 1967. Royal Bvo, formal adherence to the Jewish faith ; Hugo v. 920 col. DM.65. Hofmannsthal, with a Jewish grandfather, is properly given the asterisk denoting non- CLAREIVDOIW COURT HOTEL BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER Jews. It is thus surprising to see Anatole MAIDA VALE. W.9 01-286 8080 Finest selection leconditioned PIANOS. France (Jewish grandmother) without an New: " Little Venice " Restaurant—where Part exchange. Deferred terms. asterisk; this may be merely an oversight, you can eat good food in luxurious JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. but it would certainly be undesirable to fol­ surroundings at sensible prices. 2 Park West Placa, Marble Arch, W.2 low the Nazi mle of a Jewish grandmother New: Banqueting Room seating up to 200 Tel.: PAD. 8818/9 determining the Jewishness of a grown-up people — suitable for conferences, AUTHORISED BECHSTEIN DEALERS person. Incidentally, it may be interesting for weddings and banquets. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION April, 1968

(2nd edition 1922, not 1923). Generally the THE PHILO LEXIKON RENEWED description falls short of the entire aspect of Continued from page 7 what the Dean of St. Paul's called "a hero of modern Judaism " and of Dr. Baeck's world­ wide fame as a living symbol of the survival of the family, the Haham Isaac Bernays, 1792- tion held out the hope of a universal brother­ of Judaism, epitomised by the singular 1849, Chief Rabbi of Hamburg since 1821, hood of mankind ". The chief work of Nach­ honour of opening a sitting of the American is given li lines. One misses important facts man Krochmal, important as a philosophy of Congress with a prayer. The summary of his of his life relevant to the development of history and religion, could not have been teaching lacks the feature most characteristic Judaism in Germany and far beyond its fron­ printed in Galicia, his home country, but was of his approach: the conception of religion tiers. After a thorough talmudic training, published in Germany by Leopold Zunz—a as tension between mystery and command­ he studied at Munich under the philosopher fact worth mentioning to show the fellowship ment. Schelling, whose conception of the mytho­ of Judaism. Leopold Zunz himself is described logical roots of religion greatly influenced his as a " mediator between Reform and Ortho­ Since the encyclopedia is expected to be read views on Judaism. He founded a primary doxy" which he never was: throughout his by non-Jews (and, who knows, maybe also for school in Hamburg, the first Jewish school to long life he remained firmly on the side of the sake of some Jewish readers), it might use maps. The fame of his regular weekly Reform but opposed its extremes (one won­ be advisable to reconsider some of the entries sermons—the first given in Germany—and his ders why the excellent note in the Philo under this angle. An article on the Chasside influence on his pupil Samson Raphael Hirsch Lexikon has been altered). Ashkenas of the later Middle Ages seems essential. Under Baal teshuba, the penitent made Haham Beraays the spiritual founder Coming to modern times, Martin Buber is of modern neo-Orthodoxy, his belief being of the Middle Ages who had to undergo long well represented, but his book " I and Thou ", exile, it is hardly sufficient to refer to a poem that free thought could only be secured by perhaps the most felicitous secular expression strict adherence to ceremonial law. All the of this title by Chamisso. Zeena u-reena, of a basic idea of Judaism, is not only " a with its many stories and parables the same, he tried to suppress the new Reform treatise on philosophy and Weltanschauung" services and prayer book. Three of his sons favourite reading of generations of Jewish but is also widely used in the training and women, might well be conveyed in a more are mentioned: Berman (li), the father of practice of social workers and teachers. To Mrs. Sigmund Freud (2) ; Jacob (2) and inspiring way than as " an old Yiddish Bible state of Franz Rosenzweig that, "alienated from paraphrase". On Zion, only geographical Michael (2i). It would be appropriate to add Judaism, he became (under Hermann Cohen's that Jacob Beraays was the co-founder of the details are to be found—^what about the guidance) its interpreter" leaves out the heavenly Zion ? Breslau Rabbinical Seminary, the central central event of Rosenzweig's sudden conver­ figure in the fight for admission of Jews to sion, during the service on the Day of Atone­ Occasionally, the position of the life dates academic posts in Prussia, and a close friend ment ; only then he came to study with Cohen. within the text needs to be checked, other­ of Mommsen. The remaining member of the To call Professor G. Scholem, the founder and wise " Sir Massey Lopez (Civil Lord of the family, Emil L. Bemays, a publicity agent in chief representative of the academic discipline British Admiralty under Disraeli, 1818-1908 ") America since 1891, receives four lines; the of Jewish mysticism, just " a student of looks like an all-time record in the tenure of untutored reader will naturally assume that, Kabbala and Sabbatarianism" seems more this office. (By the way, there are quite a apart from Mrs. Freud, he is the only memor­ than odd. number of apparent centenarians whose able bearer of the name. An essential point to be considered in a deaths are not mentioned, most likely because new edition would certainly have to be a the dates could not be ascertained.) Of the Gennan Jews revision of the entry on Leo Baeck. It now Anglo-Jewish family Solomon on the island ends at his arrival at the concentration camp of St. Helena, " many were baptised, others Concentrating on aspects concerning Ger­ and does not mention that after his liberation nobilitated "—and yet the twain never met ? man Jews, some other biographical notes also in 1945, he embarked on a new period of his With all such desirable improvements, the call for addition or modification. Take the life during his last years in England. He solid fact remains that this encyclopedia was entry: " Mendelssohn, German-Jewish family became President of the " Council of Jews not only planned but written, printed and pub­ from Dessau. With the exception of Moses M. from Germany" and, in a spirit of humanity, lished. The editors deserve to be congratu­ all were converted to the Christian faith." took a lead in re-establishing contacts with lated on an exacting job well done, and it ^f This is incorrect and should read: " all the Germany. To include the first edition of the hoped that the " Lexikon des Judentums "• children of Moses M. except his eldest son " Essence of Judaism " of 1905, as a Jewish handsomely bound in blue covers, will find a were . . ." and it would be both fair and reply to Hamack's " Essence of Christianity ", useful place in the homes of many people charitable to add " when the French Revolu- would show him as the protagonist of his time interested in Judaism.

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TEL AVIV EMBASSY APPOINTMENT ISRAELI NEWS The new counsellor and second-in-command of the West German Embassy in Tel Aviv, in LONDON MEETINGS ON MIDDLE EAST MENUHIN'S CONCERT succession to Dr. Alexander Toerock, is Herr Kurt Hensel, a descendant of Moses Mendels­ Labour M.P.s, at a meeting arranged by the Yehudi Menuhin answered criticism in Tel sohn. Labour Friends of Israel at the House of Aviv of his London concert, held for the Herr Hensel was not a victim of direct Nazi Commons, reported on a recent study mission benefit of Arab refugees. Although his first persecution, but was subject to certain restric­ to Israel. Mr. Arnold Shaw was of the opinion allegiance was to his fellow-Jews, said Mr. tions. His mother committed suicide in prison that there could be no more liberal occupying Menuhin, he felt solidarity with all suffering after her arrest by the Gestapo in 1942. His power than Israel. Miss Margaret Herbison mankind. father, who was a professor at Koenigsberg in attacked the Arabs for their handling of the In 1966 the Egyptians asked him to play with East Prussia, was forced to give up his post Arab refugee situation in the Gaza Strip. a Cairo orchestra and he had agreed on con­ because of his Jewish origin. Herr Hensel Other M.P.s also spoke. dition that the proceeds would go to a common wasj however, accepted as a volunteer in the A meeting entitled " Britain and the Arab Arab-Israeli cause. Nothing further had, how­ Nazi Army and was wounded in Italy. Refugees ", organised by the Council for the ever, come out of this. He also said that Advancement of Arab-British Understanding, several Israelis, including the Ambassador in HANS BEYTH REMEMBERED Was held at the Central Hall, Westminster. London, had encouraged him to give his Hans Beyth, one of the leading personalities Speakers included Princess Dinah Abdel London concert. of Youth Aliyah who became the victim of an Hamid, former wife of King Hussein and now Arab attack whilst accompanying children a lecturer at Cairo University. The other CAMPAIGN FOR VOLUNTEERS from Haifa to Jerusalem, was remembered in speakers were Mr. Dennis Walters, M.P., Sir Jerusalem on the 10th anniversary of his Dingle Foot, M.P., Mr. Michael Adam of The The Volunteers' Union of Britain at its first death. A ceremony was held at the Teachers' Gvardian, Mr. Clovis Maksoud of Al Ahram. national conference, passed a resolution calling Seminary which bears his name, and a the Cairo daily, and Mrs. Margaret Arakie of on Jewish youth in Britain, on reaching the memorial stone was consecrated. the United Nations Relief and Work Agency. age of 18, to give twelve months' voluntary service in IsraeL A campaign to gain the sup­ Hans Bejrth originated from Berlin where port of Jewish communal organisations for the he was active in the Jewish Sports Movement. DIRECTOR FOR ISRAEL MUSEUM scheme will be launched. He joined Youth Aliyah when still in Germany It was emphasised that, while the union and took a prominent part in the efforts at Sir Philip Hendy, director of the National favoured emigration to Israel, it would like rescuing Jewish children.—(E.G.L.) Gallery for the past 21 years, has left for to ensure that all emigrants had a work con­ ROTHSCHILD AGAINST PIPELINE Jerusalem to become artistic director of the tract before their departure. Israel Museum and chairman of its executive Finance Ministry circles confirm that Baron committee. A dinner was given in his honour SUSSEX LECTURESHIP ON ISRAEL Edmond de Rothschild of Paris is creating before his departure by the British Friends of serious difficulties in the Israeli Govemment's the Art Museums of Israel. Among those who A lectureship in social science, with special efforts to lay a large-diameter pipeline from attended were Mr. Teddy Kollek, Mayor of reference to Israeli studies, will be established Elath to the Mediterranean. It is reported Jemsalem ; Miss Jennie Lee. Minister of Arts : at Sussex University. An Israeli Government that the Baron not only refuses to participate and leading personalities in the British art grant will be provided for the lectureship in in financing the project, but is unfavourably World. the School of Asian and African Studies, to be influencing potential participants by his atti­ The purpose of the dinner was to pay tribute tenable from October of this year. The lec­ tude. He also demands full compensation in to Sir Philip, to draw the attention of the turer, who will have to spend part of his time the small Elath pipeline which is becoming public and of Anglo-Jewry in particular to in Israel on research will, in addition to redundant and of which he is the main share­ the growth of Israel's National Museupi and tutorials, give four lectures a year at the uni­ holder. to raise £30,000 to buy a work of art to be versity and will participate in seminars about Opinion has it that the real reason for the presented to th£ Israel Museum as a token Israel. A similar lectureship at another British Baron's attitude is that he believes the project of esteem to Sir Philip. university is also planned. to be financially unsound. CHEMICALS...

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PRESIDENT LUEBKE'S PAST GERMANY TODAY Dr. Heinrich Luebke, President of the Ger­ man Federal Republic, went on radio and tele­ REPORT ON NAZIS IN ARMY AID FROM BONN vision to defend himself against charges alleg­ Three young West German soldiers defected At the end of his official visit to Morocco ing that he helped to design and construct to Sweden, protesting that there were " too Herr Willy Brandt, the West German Minister, concentration camps. He said that the archi­ many former Nazis, many of them members of told a press conference in Rabat that Bonn's tects bureau to which he was attached during the N.P.D., raling over the officer corps of the economic aid to the Middle East would be army." maintained to both Israel and the Arab States. the war had to design buildings as well as liv­ The news magazine " Der Spiegel" has Since the Six-Day War West German aid to ing quarters for the workers on the site. These mentioned a report prepared by a team of Jordan, Syria and Egypt had, he said, been living quarters were of the same type as are sociologists for the Bonn Government over a largely " humanitarian '. Aid was planned to used today at major constraction sites. His year ago, but suppressed because of its find­ provide services for Arab refugees particu­ firm had no knowledge of or infiuence on the ings. According to the paper, the report larly. kind of labourers employed. Referring to the suggested that every fourth member of the To a question from a correspondent of the Bundeswehr was a potential voter for the Soviet news agency as to whether Bonn accusation that blueprints for barracks had N.P.D., which would thus have between believed that it could help solve the Middle been signed by him, the President said that 100,000 and 120,000 supporters in the Bundes­ East crisis by giving 160 million marks aid to after a quarter of a century he could not wehr. The report is said to claim that senior Israel, Herr Brandt replied that, after paying remember every document he had signed, but non-commissioned officers who had served in reparation to the Jews in the post-war years, that generally it had not been his task to sign the Nazi army were the main supporters in the West German help was " now moving into a armed forces, together with numerous young second phase of normal economic aid ". Bonn blueprints. He also stated that on previous officers. was seeking to re-establish ties with Arab occasions signatures attributed to him had Officials in Bonn stated that an official countries which broke relations when West been found to be gross forgeries. Dr. Luebke inquiry revealed that only between 400 and Germany recognised Israel in 1965. A solu­ claimed that the only purpose of those accus­ 500 serving officers and men had joined the tion to the Middle East crisis would, he hoped, ing him was to defame the office of the be found along the lines laid down by the N.P.D.—less than 0.1 per cent of the army's Federal President and with it the entire strength but 2 per cent of the N.P.D.'s official Security Council resolution last November. following. They emphasised that members Federal Republic. of the armed forces could join any lawful EXPELLED FROM COMMUNITY party, and that more teachers and judges than PROFESSORSHIP REFUSED army officers had joined the N.P.D. The Munich Jewish community has expelled A German-born Jewish professor at Ohio REGRETS AT DESECRATION Josef Ginzburg (J. G. Burg), because of his anti-Jewish activities. Ginzburg writes articles State University, who left Germany in 1933, The Wuerzburg-Heidingsfeld town council for the extremist and nationalist " Deutsche has refused a Bavarian Ministry of Cultural has expressed regret to the Jewish community Nationai-Zeitung und Soldaten-Zeitung" and Affairs' offer of a professorship at the Munich at the overturning of 20 tombstones in the old has published an anti-Jewish book, " The University. Jewish cemetery, and has offered to pay the Scapegoat." At an extraordinary committee expenses of restoration. meeting held by the 20 members of the Munich Dr. Oskar Seidlin said that the latest Dmnken adolescents desecrated the ceme­ Jewish community, they unanimously adopted " excesses" in West Germany and student tery in 1960, and police believe that adoles­ tiie resolution to exclude Ginzburg from mem­ demonstrations recalled the " unforgettable cents are again responsible. bership of the community. events" of 1932 and 1933.

FAMILY EVENTS Lucas.—Mrs. Lilly Lucas, beloved Accommodation Wanted ISRAELI GENTLEMAN is avail­ Entries in the column Family wife of Dr. Ernst E. Lucas, and able to give private Hebrew lessons devoted mother of Eva, died peace­ WIDOW, with excellent references, Events are free of charge. Texts to children preferably in the fully at her home, 5 Litchfield Way, wants 2-room unfurnished flat with Golders Green and Hendon .should be sent in by the 18th of London, N.W.ll, after a long ill­ h. & C.W., central heating, kitchen, districts. Box 924. the month. ness bravely borne, on February bathroom, etc. Box 930. 23. Engagement Accommodation Vacant Personal Eger : Gersten.—Mrs. M. Eger, of Mayer.—Mr. Ludwig Mayer, of 81 3 Springfield Avenue, Harrogate, Brunswick Road. Ealing, London, BEAUTIFULLY NEWLY DECO­ GOOD-LOOKING LADY (divor­ has great pleasure in announcing W.5 (formerly Director, Deutsche RATED and furnished large cee), professional, 58 years, tem­ the engagement of her son, Kurt Bank, Karlsruhe), passed away at sitting-room, own bedroom with porarily living in Germany, wishes Leo Eger, B.Sc. (Eng.), to Rosalind his home on February 25, after a basin, hot and cold water, use of to correspond with gentleman Gersten. B.A., daughter of Mrs. N. long illness, aged 82, beloved hus­ bathroom and garage, in Hamp­ residing in England. Object matri­ Gersten and the late Rev. A. band of Trude, father and grand­ stead Garden Suburb, 2 minutes mony. Box 921. Gersten, of Liverpool. father. from shopping centre, bus stop and underground. Suitable for Ortho­ YOUNG MAN of German-Jewish Birthdays CLASSIFIED dox middle-aged professional or extraction pleasant appearance, in Brenner.—Mr. Eric E. Brenner business gentleman. Box 931. comfortable financial circum­ (formerly Berlin), of 18 Mapesbury The charge in these columns is stances, seeks acquaintance of Court. Shoot-up-Hill, London, 3s. for five words. MANOR ROAD, BOURNEMOUTH. young lady with similar back­ N.W.2, will celebrate his SOth birth­ Passover or other bookings, not ground ; object matrimony. Box day on April 28. less than 4 weeks. Luxury fur­ 922. Situations Vacant nished first-floor flat, 2 double bed­ Rosenstock.—Dr. Werner Rosen­ Men rooms, 1 large sitting-room, large WIDOW, independent, seeks com­ stock, 77d Compayne Gardens, dinette kitchen, large bathroom, panionship of cultured gentleman, London, N.W.6, will celebrate his CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COM­ separate w.c. Suitable for Ortho­ middle 60s, for occasional visits 60th birthday on April 10th. The PANY, Manchester area, requires dox family. 2 children accepted but to theatre, cinema, etc. Box 926. Executive of the AJR and the staff experienced young man with drive no teenagers. 'Phone 01-455 5093. and organising ability; must have WIDOW, mid-40s, educated, many of the AJR office extend to him interests, would like to meet sin­ their heartiest congratulations and sound grounding in engineering For Sale best wishes. practices, drugs, welding, machin­ cere gentleman; object friendship/ ing ; excellent prospects for right marriage. Box 92'7. Deaths man. Apply, with full details of BOURNEMOUTH, MANOR ROAD. Newly decorated, ground-floor flat, ATTRACTIVE WIDOW, mid40s. Boronow.—Mrs. Kaete Boronow career and salary expected, to Box 920. own entrance, garden, space for interested in music, art, theatre, (nee Markowitz), of 32 Woodstock two garages, square large entrance- seeks male companionship, view Avenue, N.W.ll, passed away hall, cloakroom and w.c, large friendship/marriage. Box 929. suddenly and peacefully on Febru­ Women sitting-room. 2 double bedrooms, ary 26. Deeply mourned and HOUSEKEEPER / COMPANION dinette kitchen and larder, bath­ remembered with gratitude and room and w.c. Approx. 90-yr. lease, MISSING PERSONS affection by her family and rela­ wanted for Arkley (easy reach Barnet). Labour-saving, modern ground rent £35 p.a., rates £102. Personal Enquiries tions, her many friends and former For quick sale at £7,250 or near pupils. house; 3 adults ; daily help kept. Box 928. offer. Box 932. Hilb.—Relatives of the late Dannbauser.—Mr. Ludwig Dann Johanna Hilb (nee Jacobi), born hauser, of Otto Hirsch House, Situations Wanted MisceUaneous 17.9.1861 in Haigerloch/Wiirtt, wife 2/4 Priory Road, Kew Gardens Men of the late Josef Hilb. Emigrated Surrey (formerly of Ulm and ACCOUNTS, AUDITS. INCOME to England. Particulars required Jerusalem), passed away peace­ BOOKSELLER, versatile, elderly, TAX, including double taxation, for a book on the fate of Jews in fully on March 1, in his 87th year. seeks clerical part-time work pref­ speedily dealt with by experienced Tiibingen. Information to Miss Deeply moumed by his wife, chil­ erablv in bookshop or library. accountant. 'Phone Cll-455 1183 or Lilly Zapf. Gertrud-Baumerhaus, dren and grandchildren. Box 923. write Box 925. Tiibingen, W. Germany. AJR INFORMATION April, 1968 Page 11

PROFESSOR DR. MAX ZONDEK IN MEMORIAM Centenary of his Birth A hundred years ago, on March 30, 1868, RUDOLPH OFFENBACH internationally-known singers and television Professor Dr. Max Zondek, who was a pioneer performers, yet there are thousands of former of modern renal and bone surgery and the The sudden death of Rudolph Offenbach, Germans and Austrians, including last, but senior of a well-known medical family, was the actor known to the general public by his not least, the residents of the Homes and the born in the small town of Wronke (Province countless radio and television appearances, members of the AJR Club, who will gratefully of Posen). When, before the First World War, has shocked and saddened us all. He had been remember Rudolph Offenbach, his pleasant he started his career as an assistant to Pro­ ill for some years. voice and his pleasant manner. In variation to fessor James Israel, the " Kaiser of Renal Though born into a merchant's family in the well-known Maurice Chevalier song, they Surgery", he was called the professor's Fuerth, Bavaria, his lifelong ambition was the will say : " Yes, I remember him well." " Crown Prince ". A kidney incision devised theatre. During the war years his talent for STEFAN BUKOWITZ. by him and named " Der Zondek'sche Nieren- languages, music and international songs took schnitt" established his intemational reputa­ him to the B.B.C. where he covered a wide JAKOB STEINHARDT tion. field. He broadcast in German, sang in French, In 1907 he married Henny Veit-Simon, who read the news in Spanish and gave recitals of The painter and graphic artist, Jakob Stein­ came from the distinguished old Berlin Jewish Portuguese folk songs. His frequent broad­ hardt (Jerusalem), died in Naharyah (Israel), families of Veit-Simon and Liebermann and casts made him a popular figure. They led to at the age of 80. Born in Zerkow (Province was closely related to the Rathenaus. Their Work in films (especially war pictures, among of Posen), he studied in Berlin under Lovis children, a son and a daughter, are also active them the " Colditz Story ") and to many tele­ Corinth and Hermann Struck. Together with in medical research. vision appearances, often in small but charac­ the painters, Meidner and Janthur, he founded During the First World War Professor teristic parts. the group of the " Pathetiker," whose works Zondek was head of the surgical and urologi­ My own co-operation with " Rudi " began in were shown by Herwarth Walden in the cal departments of the " Barackenlazarette " 1953 in Peter Herz's Blue Danube Club, where " Sturm " Exhibition of 1912. He soon estab­ at Tempelhof. He introduced a highly suc­ I became his successor at the piano. He would lished a reputation for himself in Germany. cessful method of applying a closed piaster- take no end of trouble to instruct me in During the First World War his stay as a cast to casualties in the field, thereby prevent­ musical arrangements for cabaret shows. We soldier in Lithuania opened his eyes to the ing many unnecessary amputations of limbs. worked together over the years up to his last life of Jews in East European countries, This method, although somehow modified, was appearance at Christmas, 1963. which, from then onwards, became the subject later used by a famous Spanish surgeon in the His unfortunate leanings towards bitter of many of his works. He visited Palestine Civil War and also during the Second World melancholy unhappily broke him down time in 1925 and settled there for good immediately War. After the war. Professor Zondek became and again. Though spreading gaiety in cabaret after the Nazis came to power. There he con­ head of the urological department of the and on the stage, he was basically a lonely tinued his creative work and also taught at Berlin Police Hospital and consultant to a man, not often happy, not often merry. Yet the Bezalel Arts School. He was the tutor of many younger Israeli painters, among them Berlin Municipal Hospital. He also had one he had a wonderful love of beautiful things, Jakob Pins and Yehuda Bacon. During the of the largest private out-patient clinics in including ancient monuments and medieval post-war vears his works were shown in exhi­ Berlin's East End, and was a chief medical architecture. His travels would take him to bitions all over the world. adviser to various organisations (Berafsgenos- places as far apart as California and Morocco, senschaften). His large clientele included and he liked to spend a free day visiting one leading figures in the political world and a of Britain's famous cathedrals, later describing DERRICK SINGTON number of them became his close friends. his impressions with glowing enthusiasm. Rudi Shortly before his death in 1933 he was made liked good food ; he enjoyed preparing it him­ Derrick Sington, journalist, author and an Honorary Member of the International self and discussing it at length; he was an broadcaster, died in London at the age of 59. Society of Urology. Epicurean at heart, but he was rarely capable He was the first British officer to enter Belsen Max Zondek took a great interest in Jewish of showing it. on Liberation Day, April 15, 1945, and the affairs. Together with Albert Einstein he was However, his life was the " show ". Whether historic announcement to the prisoners that President of Ose. He was also a distinguished he went out on TV to several million viewers they were now free was made by him. He member of the Central-Verein. or gave happiness to a limited circle of friends married a Belsen inmate, Traute Kafka, and, Professor Zondek not only helped many in a club, whether in English, German or based on her experiences, wrote the book patients to regain their health, but also " Belsen Uncovered." After the war he was assisted them in their personal problems. He Hebrew, he was driven by the urge of creating on the staff of " The Guardian", until, in an atmosphere, and he realised this ambition 1954, he joined the B.B.C.. where he became will be remembered both for his outstanding in full. assistant head of the European Service. professional achievements and his great There have been more famous actors, more human qualities.

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GLASGOW'S "GRANDMA MOSES" ORGANISATIONAL NEWS An Austrian Jewess REMEMBRANCE MEETING ON APRIL 21 AJR CLUB'S BIRTHDAY PARTY The Glasgow Evening Times published an interview with Mrs. Emmy Sachs who is in An Important Event The twelfth birthday of the AJR Club was her late 70's and who took up painting ten celebrated on February 25 at Hannah Kar­ years ago when her outdoor activities were This year's meeting in commemoration of minski House in a threefold way: a bring-and- curtailed by arthritis. Three of her paintings the six million Jews who perished in Nazi buy sale, a concert and a special birthday were recently shown in the exhibition of the Europe will coincide with the 25th anniversary bulletin. There was a big demand for the of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The function articles on sale and the proceeds amounted Glasgow Southem Art Club. will be held on Sunday, April 21, at 3 p.m., to £200. They were passed on to the Jewish Mrs. Sachs who is a member of the AJR at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. The National Fund, whose director, Dr. I. Levy, Glasgow Group and very popular amongst her speakers will include the Rt. Hon. Lord Hill in his acknowledgment, paid tribute to the organisers' magnificent efforts which had made fellow refugees, came to this country, together and the Haham, the Very Rev. Solomon Gaon. with her late husband, from Austria 30 years These annual Memorial Meetings are a joint this success possible. At the concert during enterprise of all major Jewish organisations the later part of the afternoon, the members ago. In Vienna she ran an arts and crafts in London, and the AJR is amongst its and guests were welcomed by Mrs. M. Jacoby, workshop for knitting and embroidery. In sponsors. They provide an opportunity of chairman of the AJR Club, who also conveyed Glasgow she worked as a textile designer. dedicating our thoughts to the victims of the the greetings of Mrs. G. Schachne, who was not In her paintings Mrs. Sachs concentrates Holocaust who have no individual Yahrzeit able to attend. The artists were Martha Freud- mainly on flower studies and landscapes. Her date. At the same time, the addresses by the man (piano), A. Etan (guitar), Katinka Sainer speakers always carry a message related to (soprano), accompanied by Timothy Salter native Austria features in many of the latter. the questions with which we are faced in (piano), and Laszlo Ekstein (violin). Their " It's never too late to start painting" she our days. recitals were enthusiastically received by the said. " I always advise older people to be In previous years, many Jews born in this audience which, on several occasions, also bold and try their hand with brush and paint, country considered it their duty to remember joined in the songs rendered by the artists. even if it seems impossible at first." their dead fellow-Jews by attending the meet­ The birthday bulletin, aptly edited by Miss ings, and Jews from Eastern Europe paid Susan Markus, carries a number of letters DUAL LOYALTIES ATTACKED tribute to the memory of their relatives on which reflect the attachment of the 350 mem­ these occasions. However, though Jews from bers to " their " club. " In the long afternoon Mr. Leo Abse, M.P., speaking on " A Jew in Germany also lost their next of kin, only com­ hours ", writes one of them, " the club is for the House of Commons " at a B'nai B'rith First paratively few of them were to be seen at the me home from home." Or: " As I live on Lodge of England meeting, appealed to Anglo- meetings. It is sincerely hoped that this year my own, the club serves as a substitute for my Jewry to play a full and active role as Jews m the number of those in our midst who associate lost family." Or: " The club gives me an the wider community. British Jews, he said, themselves with the event will be larger. opportunity of exchanging views with people cannot look on themselves as vicarious Israehs Admission is free and reserved seats of my background." Several members also or a form of " fifth column " for Israel and at (stamped addressed envelope to be enclosed) make suggestions for future activities, e.g., the same time claim the privileges, peace and more frequent talks, brains trusts, etc. In democracy of life under the Union Jack. may be obtained from the World Jewish Con­ charming verses, the chairman pays tribute gress, 55 New Cavendish Street, London, W.l. to the helpers, hostesses and members. Dr. He doubted the links between the Board oi Deputies and the mass of Jewish intelligentsia STOKE MANDEVILLE STADIUM Adelheid Levy, head of the AJR Social Ser­ vices Department, recalls the initial delibera­ and knew a lot of intellectuals who would not Donation by Wolfson Foundation tions which led to the creation of the club, want too close an association with an organisa­ and Mrs. Dora Segall writes about Hannah tion with a synagogal basis. The religious The Wolfson Foundation has donated Karminski, after whom the club house has leaders were still preoccupied with medieml £100,000 towards the erection of the £350,000 been named. In his message on behalf of the disputes and arguments resolved in the Paraplegic Sports Stadium at Stoke Mandeville AJR, Mr. W. Rosenstock stresses that, thanks Christian world 50 years ago. for which an appeal by Sir Ludwig Guttmann to the devoted services of Mrs. Jacoby and Alderman Michael Fidler, president of the was published in our previous issue. The Mrs. Schachne and their helpers, the AJR Club Board of Deputies, at a board meeting now stands in the forefront of the AJR's described Mr. Abse's criticisms as unfounded promoters will thus be able to start the build­ manifold achievements. At the same time the and ill-informed. Short of some form of uni­ ing work this month, and it is hoped that AJR is proud of the fact that it could provide versal suffrage, the Board's basis was the best sufficient funds will be raised by donations, the club with its beautiful new rooms at method of securing the representation of the big or small, to complete the stadium. Hannah Karminski House. great generality of British Jewry, he said.

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