Blood Pressure Studies Among Amazonian Native Populations: a Review from an Epidemiological Perspective

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Blood Pressure Studies Among Amazonian Native Populations: a Review from an Epidemiological Perspective Sm. Sci. Med. Vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 593601, 1990 0277-9536190 53.00 + 0.00 Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved Copyright Q 1990Pergamon Press plc BLOOD PRESSURE STUDIES AMONG AMAZONIAN NATIVE POPULATIONS: A REVIEW FROM AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE MILLICENT FLEMING-MORAN’ and CARLOS E. A. COIMBRA JR’ ‘Center on Aging/SPEA, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46201, U.S.A. and *Department of Epidemiologia. Escola National de Saude Publica, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Abstract-Nine publications are reviewed concerning blood pressure (BP) levels among Amerindian tribes of the Amazon Basin. The lifestyle of these lowland peoples includes most known protective factors against hypertension, and relative isolation from Western society. The latter, however, is rapidly changing. Sampling, data, and analysis problems make current blood pressure data difficult to interpret, and provide a questionable baseline from which to document pressure change during rapid culture change for these groups. Ethnographic and epidemiological perspectives are offered for future blood pressure and health studies among native Amazonians. Key words-blood pressure, hypertension, Amerindian, Amazon, cultural change, epidemiology, blood pressure measurement, male/female differences in diet INTRODUCIION relative social homogeneity among tribal members [7, 12, 131. Numerous researchers have now compared ‘tradi- However, even the most isolated Amazonian tional’ societies with industrial nations, and docu- groups face highways, mining, agricultural coloniz- mented differences in age/sex trends in mean blood ation and other development projects in the pressure levels, or differential rates of hypertension Basin, particularly since the 1970s [16, 18, 191. These prevalence [ 11. These studies often contradict Western societies now represent a continuum of increasing experience, where blood pressure increases with age, contact and integration with the larger Western and mean pressure levels for adult males normally society [20,21]. Most now live in large territorial exceed that of adult females [2,3]. Similar trends in reservations. Increased access to Western medical age/sex increases in blood pressure occasionally have care has been a part of this process, including been noted for traditional societies undergoing social health surveillance and blood pressure measurement change, or in subjects who migrate from pre- [e.g. 9, 10, 12, 19. Biomedical researchers, health industrial settings to modem, urban societies [4-6]. officials and social scientists continue to collaborate These patterns have fostered on-going epidemio- in the difficult work of recording changes in logical debate. Does blood pressure necessarily Amerindian health status during this period [e.g. increase with advancing age? Are there always signifi- 9, 10, 13, 16,22-251. cant differences in mean pressure levels between the There have been numerous suggestions of an asso- sexes when age and weight factors are considered? ciation between greater mean blood pressure levels Finally, is there a consistent relationship between and the increase in social complexity of a population socio-cultural disruption in a society, and long- [3-7,26-291. As a formally isolated and homoge- term blood pressure alteration for its individual neous group becomes acculturated, or its members members? migrate to a larger, more complex society, greater Certain reviewers do not attempt comparisons of social stratification and specializaton occur. This blood pressure data from nonindustrial groups due to poses several cultural, physical and psychological methodological problems [e.g. 7,8], and the diversity challenges and changes for the group’s members. of historical experiences of each traditional society as The terms ‘acculturation’ and ‘culture change’ have it encounters another culture [l]. Unfortunately this been used somewhat interchangably in the social- is also true for research among the native peoples of medicine literature, implying certain assumptions the Amazon Basin, even though studied groups are have been made [30]. Most common is the notion isolated and small, and much of the research has been that the ‘pre-contact’ or ‘pre-migrational’ society conducted within the last 15 yr [7]. is relatively homogenous, its cultural values are Amerindian populations of the Amazon Basin unanimously accepted, and given its social integra- offer an opportunity to study a way of life which tion, the society is considered to be relatively ‘stress- incorporates most current maxims for preventing and free’ [30]. Post-contact acculturation, whether controlling hypertension. These include a regular proceeding to complete social assimilation, or new physical exercise, low sodium/high potassium diets cultural configurations, conversely, is taken to imply [9-111, low prevalence of obesity or diabetes extended social disintegration, economic change and [9, IO, 12-151, moderate use of low-alcohol or psychosocial distress. While social scientists today caffinated beverages in traditional diets [17] and would question such a static and undifferentiated 593 594 MILLKENT FLEMING-MORANand CARLOS E. A. COIMBU JR view of Amerindian societies, the general hypothesis We sampled only 124 of the 800 of the estimated popu- of Western-contact/social disintegration may be lation and the studied groups, the Kalapalo and the generally applicable to lowland groups of South Kamaiura, are those with which the researchers have had America. the longest contact.. other, more isolated groups will be studied . in the future (translation by authors). It is difficult, however, to test ‘acculturation’ as a construct in models of health status or disease prevalence. Tangible criteria for these socio-economic It must be recognized that ‘accessible’ villages may changes are needed, such that individual (versus not be representative of the total population. These group) differences in process of cultural change, and sites are more likely to include individuals who are presumably health risk, can be discerned. As one more dependent on wages, medical or other services, example, certain data suggest that process of cultural or who participate in governmental or missionary change affects social roles and health status of the two goals to ‘pacify’ the Indian groups, than are persons sexes differentially, and is associated with different from more isolated villages. health effects for members of various age cohorts Sampling and participation bias represent two of [7,26-28,301. the most severe problems in both the collection This review outlines the methodological hazards and interpretation of health data from Amerindian in this much needed anthropological and epidemio- societies. Although most authors state that measure- logical research on covariates of blood pressure, ments were attempted ‘. in all inhabitants’ [e.g. 91, as seen in previously published data for Amazonian age/sex pyramids for these studies indicate certain Amerindians. Sample selection, blood pressure and age groups, particularly males aged 2540 are strik- other data collection, data analysis and reporting, ingly underrepresented, even for a nonindustrial and research design will each be addressed. Ethno- population structure. Neel and co-workers, for graphic examples will illustrate common field con- example, provide useful age/sex ratios comparing ditions, and highlight specific variables which require their Xavante subjects, the Kaingang Amerindians of careful evaluation, if the mechanisms underlying southern Brazil, and the general 1950 Brazilian blood pressure response to cultural change are to be national census [12, p. 921. Taken together with the understood. Thus, the relative impact of modified sample sizes for the blood pressure data, the reader dietary and health habits, obesity, access to medical may deduce that 27% of Xavante under the age care and tangible cultural changes may be assessed of 15 were included in the study sample, as were for their independent (or interactive) effects on blood about 40% of the adults. As blood pressure data pressure level. were only a secondary objective of a larger genetic study, selection criteria for the blood pressure sub- SAMPLING PROCEDURES jects are not specified. However, as the representa- tiveness of the blood pressure data cannot be . (A)pproximately 12-15,000 Yanomamo are distributed evaluated, the reader can only speculate about ‘aver- among some 150 villages in an area of approximately age’ Xavante blood pressure levels, or comparisons 100,000. square miles. At present there are some 16 small with other Amerindian populations. The Xavante missions. as well as government health stations. for the most part located on navigable rivers. (How- study is but one of several which presents this ever,). there are probably villages yet to be visited by problem. non-indian[s]. The selected subjects consisted of all available Oliver and colleagues note that “. several inhabitants of sixteen. villages. In a few instances several wanomamo] . were absent on a hunting trip.. ” Indians were absent . on a hunting trip.. Selection of [9]; a common feature of Amerindian life. Groups villages was determined by a cross-section of widely dis- may also leave the village for gardening or collect- persed living sites . , as remote as possible, but still ing tasks, and women become inaccessible due to accessible by small plane or boat. Blood pressures ritual isolation during their menstrual periods, or were.. performed on 506 Indians during the expeditions
Recommended publications
  • Brazil's São Luiz Do Tapajós
    www.water-alternatives.org Volume 8 | Issue 3 Fearnside, P.M. 2015. Brazil’s São Luiz do Tapajós dam: The art of cosmetic Environmental Impact Assessments. Water Alternatives 8(3): 373-396 Brazil’s São Luiz do Tapajós Dam: The Art of Cosmetic Environmental Impact Assessments Philip M. Fearnside National Institute for Research in Amazonia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; [email protected] ABSTRACT: Brazil’s planned São Luiz do Tapajós dam is a key part of a massive plan for hydropower and navigable waterways in the Tapajós basin and on other Amazon River tributaries. The dam’s Environmental Impact Study (EIA) illustrates the fragility of protections. EIAs are supposed to provide input to decisions on development projects, but in practice these studies tend to become formalities in legalizing prior decisions made in the absence of information on or consideration of project impacts. The EIA has a tendency to minimize or ignore significant impacts. Loss of fisheries resources is likely to be critical for Munduruku indigenous people and for traditional riverside dwellers (ribeirinhos), but the EIA claims that there is "low expectation that natural conditions of aquatic environments will be significantly altered". The destruction of Munduruku sacred sites is simply ignored. The Brazilian government’s priority for the dam has resulted in blocking creation of the Munduruku’s Sawré Muybu indigenous land and other indigenous lands throughout Brazilian Amazonia. With the exception of one legally recognized community (Montanha e Mangabal), non-indigenous ribeirinhos are considered as not 'traditional people'. Even the one recognized community is not considered to require free, prior and informed consent.
    [Show full text]
  • Peoples in the Brazilian Amazonia Indian Lands
    Brazilian Demographic Censuses and the “Indians”: difficulties in identifying and counting. Marta Maria Azevedo Researcher for the Instituto Socioambiental – ISA; and visiting researcher of the Núcleo de Estudos em População – NEPO / of the University of Campinas – UNICAMP PEOPLES IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA INDIAN LANDS source: Programa Brasil Socioambiental - ISA At the present moment there are in Brazil 184 native language- UF* POVO POP.** ANO*** LÍNG./TRON.**** OUTROS NOMES***** Case studies made by anthropologists register the vital events of a RO Aikanã 175 1995 Aikanã Aikaná, Massaká, Tubarão RO Ajuru 38 1990 Tupari speaking peoples and around 30 who identify themselves as “Indians”, RO Akunsu 7 1998 ? Akunt'su certain population during a large time period, which allows us to make RO Amondawa 80 2000 Tupi-Gurarani RO Arara 184 2000 Ramarama Karo even though they are Portuguese speaking. Two-hundred and sixteen RO Arikapu 2 1999 Jaboti Aricapu a few analyses about their populational dynamics. Such is the case, for RO Arikem ? ? Arikem Ariken peoples live in ‘Indian Territories’, either demarcated or in the RO Aruá 6 1997 Tupi-Mondé instance, of the work about the Araweté, made by Eduardo Viveiros de RO Cassupá ? ? Português RO/MT Cinta Larga 643 1993 Tupi-Mondé Matétamãe process of demarcation, and also in urban areas in the different RO Columbiara ? ? ? Corumbiara Castro. In his book (Araweté: o povo do Ipixuna – CEDI, 1992) there is an RO Gavião 436 2000 Tupi-Mondé Digüt RO Jaboti 67 1990 Jaboti regions of Brazil. The lands of some 30 groups extend across national RO Kanoe 84 1997 Kanoe Canoe appendix with the populational data registered by others, since the first RO Karipuna 20 2000 Tupi-Gurarani Caripuna RO Karitiana 360 2000 Arikem Caritiana burder, for ex.: 8,500 Ticuna live in Peru and Colombia while 32,000 RO Kwazá 25 1998 Língua isolada Coaiá, Koaiá contact with this people in 1976.
    [Show full text]
  • CLIMATE CHANGE and INDIGENOUS PERCEPTIONS INDIGENOUS PERCEPTIONS OPAN - 2018 / 2 ND EDITION Produced by Sponsorship
    CLIMATE CHANGE AND CLIMATE CHANGE AND INDIGENOUS PERCEPTIONS INDIGENOUS PERCEPTIONS 2 OPAN - 2018 / OPAN ND EDITION Produced by Sponsorship 2ND EDITION OPERAÇÃO AMAZÔNIA NATIVA – OPAN Production and editing Artema Lima Andreia Fanzeres Lívia Alcântara Revision Andreia Fanzeres CLIMATE Artema Lima Ivar Luiz Vendruscolo Busatto CHANGE AND OPAN Executive Coordination INDIGENOUS Ivar Luiz Vendruscolo Busatto Vinicius Benites Alves PERCEPTIONS Mato Grosso Program/ Project Berço das Águas Artema Lima Production: Tarcísio dos Santos ARTEMA LIMA Edemar Treuherz ANDREIA FANZERES Liliane Xavier LÍVIA ALCÂNTARA Lívia Alcântara Translation Translation Melissa Harkin and Nayana Fernandez MELISSA HARKIN Frontpage photo Adriano Gambarini/OPAN Layout Marina Lutfi / cacumbu ISBN: 978-85-67133-14-0 ND OPERAÇÃO AMAZÔNIA NATIVA 2 EDITION Av. Ipiranga, 97 Bairro Goiabeiras, Cuiabá - MT Brasil CEP: 78032-035 OPERAÇÃO AMAZÔNIA NATIVA – OPAN Telefone: 55 (65) 3322-2980 / FAX: 55 (65) 3322-4161 Mato Grosso. Brasil. 2018 www. amazonianativa.org.br 9 PRESENTATION 13 IT’S TIME TO LISTEN TO INDIGENOUS PEOPLES TARCÍSIO DA SILVA SANTOS JÚNIOR AND LUCIANA REBELLATO 20 ANOTHER NAME FOR CLIMATE CHANGE AILTON KRENAK 24 CLIMATE CHANGE, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, EDUCATIONS AND DEEP ECOLOGY SEVERIÁ IDIORIÊ 30 CLIMATE CHANGE FOR MUNDURUKU PEOPLE FROM JUARA MARCELO MANHUARI MUNDURUKU 36 WE MUST PRESERVE NATURE TO KEEP EXISTING TIPUICI MANOKI 40 RÓ NA WAHÖIMANAZÁ - TO LIVE IN CERRADO CAIMI WAIASSÉ XAVANTE 46 CLIMATE CHANGE FOR MANOKI PEOPLE MANOEL KANUNXI 52 MEHINAKO PEOPLE AND CLIMATE CHANGE MAYAWARI MEHINAKO 58 CLIMATE CHANGE FOR KAYABI-KAWAIWETÉ PEOPLE PIKURUK CAVALCANTE KAYABI 62 WAURÁ OF XINGU AND CLIMATE CHANGE PIRATÁ WAURÁ 66 THE JURUENA RIVER: THE ROAD OF THE FOREST PEOPLES PAULO HENRIQUE MARTINHO SKIRIPI 70 THE RIKBAKTSA PEOPLE AND CLIMATE CHANGE JUAREZ PAIMY Photo: Adriano Gambarini/OPAN PRESENTATION OPERATION AMAZÔNIA NATIVA (OPAN), with its almost five decades work- ing in the field of Indigenismo, has contributed in a relevant way to the pro- motion and guarantee of indigenous rights in Brazil.
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of the Pan-Amazon Region
    OAS/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 176 29 September 2019 Original: Spanish INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Situation of Human Rights of the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of the Pan-Amazon Region 2019 iachr.org OAS Cataloging-in-Publication Data Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. Situation of human rights of the indigenous and tribal peoples of the Pan-Amazon region : Approved by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on September 29, 2019. p. ; cm. (OAS. Official records ; OEA/Ser.L/V/II) ISBN 978-0-8270-6931-2 1. Indigenous peoples--Civil rights--Amazon River Region. 2. Indigenous peoples-- Legal status, laws, etc.--Amazon River Region. 3. Human rights--Amazon River Region. I. Title. II. Series. OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc.176/19 INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Members Esmeralda Arosemena de Troitiño Joel Hernández García Antonia Urrejola Margarette May Macaulay Francisco José Eguiguren Praeli Luis Ernesto Vargas Silva Flávia Piovesan Executive Secretary Paulo Abrão Assistant Executive Secretary for Monitoring, Promotion and Technical Cooperation María Claudia Pulido Assistant Executive Secretary for the Case, Petition and Precautionary Measure System Marisol Blanchard a.i. Chief of Staff of the Executive Secretariat of the IACHR Fernanda Dos Anjos In collaboration with: Soledad García Muñoz, Special Rapporteurship on Economic, Social, Cultural, and Environmental Rights (ESCER) Approved by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on September 29, 2019 INDEX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 11 INTRODUCTION 19 CHAPTER 1 | INTER-AMERICAN STANDARDS ON INDIGENOUS AND TRIBAL PEOPLES APPLICABLE TO THE PAN-AMAZON REGION 27 A. Inter-American Standards Applicable to Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in the Pan-Amazon Region 29 1.
    [Show full text]
  • REPORT Violence Against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil DATA for 2017
    REPORT Violence against Indigenous REPORT Peoples in Brazil DATA FOR Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil 2017 DATA FOR 2017 Violence against Indigenous REPORT Peoples in Brazil DATA FOR 2017 Violence against Indigenous REPORT Peoples in Brazil DATA FOR 2017 This publication was supported by Rosa Luxemburg Foundation with funds from the Federal Ministry for Economic and German Development Cooperation (BMZ) SUPPORT This report is published by the Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário - CIMI), an entity attached to the National Conference of Brazilian Bishops (Conferência Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil - CNBB) PRESIDENT Dom Roque Paloschi www.cimi.org.br REPORT Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – Data for 2017 ISSN 1984-7645 RESEARCH COORDINATOR Lúcia Helena Rangel RESEARCH AND DATA SURVEY CIMI Regional Offices and CIMI Documentation Center ORGANIZATION OF DATA TABLES Eduardo Holanda and Leda Bosi REVIEW OF DATA TABLES Lúcia Helena Rangel and Roberto Antonio Liebgott IMAGE SELECTION Aida Cruz EDITING Patrícia Bonilha LAYOUT Licurgo S. Botelho COVER PHOTO Akroá Gamella People Photo: Ana Mendes ENGLISH VERSION Hilda Lemos Master Language Traduções e Interpretação Ltda – ME This issue is dedicated to the memory of Brother Vicente Cañas, a Jesuit missionary, in the 30th year Railda Herrero/Cimi of his martyrdom. Kiwxi, as the Mỹky called him, devoted his life to indigenous peoples. And it was precisely for advocating their rights that he was murdered in April 1987, during the demarcation of the Enawenê Nawê people’s land. It took more than 20 years for those involved in his murder to be held accountable and convicted in February 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Members of the Munduruku Indigenous People Regarding Brazil1 December 11, 2020 Original: Spanish
    INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS RESOLUTION 94/2020 Precautionary Measure No. 679-20 Members of the Munduruku Indigenous People regarding Brazil1 December 11, 2020 Original: Spanish I. INTRODUCTION 1. On July 16, 2020, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, (“the Inter-American Commission,” “the Commission” or “the IACHR”) received a request for precautionary measures filed by the Associação das Mulheres Munduruku Wakoborũn et al., in favor of the members of the Munduruku Indigenous People (“the persons proposed as beneficiaries”), urging the IACHR to request that the State of Brazil (“Brazil” or “the State”) adopt the measures necessary to protect their rights to life and personal integrity. According to the request, the persons proposed as beneficiaries are at risk in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially considering their particularly vulnerable situation, flaws in health care and the presence of unauthorized third parties in their territory. 2. The Commission requested information from the State, pursuant to Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, on August 18 and October 15, 2020. After being granted time extensions, the State submitted reports on September 4, October 30, and November 5 and 13, 2020. The applicants sent additional information on August 24 and October 22, 2020. 3. Having analyzed the submissions of fact and law provided by the parties, the Commission considers that the information submitted shows prima facie that the members of the Munduruku Indigenous People are in a serious and urgent situation,
    [Show full text]
  • Documenting and Disseminating Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions in Brazil
    Documenting and Disseminating Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions in Brazil Final Report Volume I: Survey Prepared for the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) by Antonio A. Arantes, PhD The views expressed in this Survey are those of the author, and not necessarily those of the WIPO Secretariat or its Member States. The Survey is current at the time of preparation of the initial draft (November 2009). WIPO, Documenting and Disseminating Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions in Brazil – Volume I – Survey - Page 2 - © Copyright World Intellectual Property Organization, 2009 Certain rights reserved. WIPO authorizes the partial reproduction, translation and dissemination of this survey for non-commercial and non-profit scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that WIPO, the survey and the author are properly identified and acknowledged. Permission to substantially reproduce, disseminate and/or translate this survey, or compile or create derivative works therefrom, in any form, whether for commercial/for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. For this purpose, WIPO may be contacted at [email protected] For any comments/requests on or corrections/additions to this work, please contact WIPO at [email protected] WIPO, Documenting and Disseminating Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions in Brazil – Volume I – Survey - Page 3 - DOCUMENTING AND DISSEMINATING TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS IN BRAZIL Volume 1: Survey. Volume 2: Brazilian intellectual property
    [Show full text]
  • Lisa K. Grund Phd Thesis
    AASENÎKON! MAKUSHI TRAVELOGUES FROM THE BORDERLANDS OF SOUTHERN GUYANA Lisa Katharina Grund A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2017 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12167 This item is protected by original copyright This item is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence Aasenîkon! Makushi Travelogues from the Borderlands of Southern Guyana Lisa Katharina Grund Abstract This ethnographic account focuses on the conceptions and practices of movement, as narrated by the Makushi people who live along the triple frontier of southern Guyana. The journeys - individual experiences, in particular of women – depict visits to other Makushi communities, to their neighbours and cities in Guyana, Brazil and Venezuela. The travelogues disclose Makushi premises on knowledge and its acquisition: gender, age, temporality and alterity. Exploring these concepts in practice, the ethnography points out the value the Makushi attribute to their encounters with others, situations in which risk and unpredictability are creatively incorporated as part of their sociality. 3 Contents Acknowledgements 10 Introduction 12 Mobility in the Guianas 15 On Movement 18 Feminine voices 23 Fieldwork 24 The terminology of travel 26 Outline of chapters 28 Chapter 1 – Roads and Crossings: Experiences of Movement 30 The road 31 A line between poles 31 Through a line of
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertação Regina Figueira.Pdf
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAZONAS INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E LETRAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM LETRAS MESTRADO EM LETRAS REGINA MARIA CRUZ FIGUEIRA A SITUAÇÃO SOCIOLINGUÍSTICA E O ENSINO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA EM CONTEXTO INDÍGENA MUNDURUKU NA REGIÃO DO MÉDIO/ALTO TAPAJÓS – ESTADO DO PARÁ MANAUS – AM 2017 REGINA MARIA CRUZ FIGUEIRA A SITUAÇÃO SOCIOLINGUÍSTICA E O ENSINO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA EM CONTEXTO INDÍGENA MUNDURUKU NA REGIÃO DO MÉDIO/ALTO TAPAJÓS – ESTADO DO PARÁ. MESTRADO EM LETRAS – ESTUDOS DA LINGUAGEM Dissertação apresentada à Banca Examinadora da Universidade Federal do Amazonas para defesa, como exigência para obtenção do título de Mestre em Letras/Estudos da Linguagem. Área de Concentração: Teorias e Análises Linguísticas. Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Raynice Geraldine Pereira da Silva. MANAUS – AM 2017 Ficha Catalográfica Ficha catalográfica elaborada automaticamente de acordo com os dados fornecidos pelo(a) autor(a). Figueira, Regina Maria Cruz F475s A Situação Sociolinguística e o Ensino de Língua Portuguesa em Contexto Indígena Munduruku na Região do Médio/Alto Tapajós - Pará / Regina Maria Cruz Figueira. 2017 164 f.: il. color; 31 cm. Orientador: Raynice Geraldine Pereira da Silva Dissertação (Mestrado em Letras) - Universidade Federal do Amazonas. 1. Etnolinguística. 2. Ensino de Português. 3. Contexto Munduruku. 4. Educação Escolar. I. Silva, Raynice Geraldine Pereira da II. Universidade Federal do Amazonas III. Título Dedicatória Ao João Tomaz de Aquino (em memória); ao meu filho, João Henrique Figueira Tomaz de Aquino, minha força para continuar; à minha mãe, Lúcia Maria da Costa Cruz, meu alicerce e fortaleza em todos os momentos. Ao povo Munduruku da região do médio/alto Tapajós, em especial: Hans Kabá e Isaías Munduruku, cujas inquietações inspiraram esta pesquisa.
    [Show full text]
  • Origem E Presente De Práticas Políticas Das Populações Indígenas Do Baixo Oiapoque
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS CAROLINE SOUZA FRANCO ORIGEM E PRESENTE DE PRÁTICAS POLÍTICAS DAS POPULAÇÕES INDÍGENAS DO BAIXO OIAPOQUE CAMPINAS 2019 CAROLINE SOUZA FRANCO ORIGEM E PRESENTE DE PRÁTICAS POLÍTICAS DAS POPULAÇÕES INDÍGENAS DO BAIXO OIAPOQUE Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de Mestra em Antropologia Social. Orientadora: Profa Dra Artionka Manuela Góes Capiberibe ESTE TRABALHO CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA DISSERTAÇÃO DEFENDIDA PELA ALUNA CAROLINE SOUZA FRANCO E ORIENTADA PELA PROFA. DRA ARTIONKA MANUELA GOÉS CAPIBERIBE CAMPINAS 2019 Agência(s) de Fomento e nº de Processo(s): CNPq, 159095/2015-8 Funcamp convênio nº 519.292-1, Item: 388/16 Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas Cecília Maria Jorge Nicolau - CRB 8/3387 Franco, Caroline Souza, 1991- F848o FraOrigem e presente de práticas políticas das populações indígenas do Baixo Oiapoque / Caroline Souza Franco. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2019. FraOrientador: Artionka Manuela Goés Capiberibe. FraDissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Fra1. Povos indígenas - Oiapoque (AP). 2. Índios da América do Sul - Aspectos políticos. 3. Movimentos sociais. I. Capiberibe, Artionka Manuela Goés, 1970-. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Tribes of Brazil
    Indian Tribes of Brazil Ingarikó ! Taurepang ! ! Karipuna do Amapá ! Galibi do Oiapoque ! # Mayongong Makuxi # ! Galibi do Uaçá Palikur ! ! Sikiana Yanomami Wapixana Tiriyó ! Kuripako Baníwa ! Warekena ! Akuriô Desana ! # Wayana ! # Isolados do Mapuera Waiãpi Kobewa # ! ! ! Wanano ! Tukano Apalaí ! Tuyuka ! Tariano !! Arapaso ! Barasano do Norte ! ! Juriti ! Miriti ! Dâw Baré Karafawyana Zo'é Maku-Yuhup! ! Hixkariana ! ! Pira-Tapuia # # ! Siriano ! ! !Karapanã Kaxuyana ! Wai-Wai Isolados do Cuminá # ! Mandawaka Maku-Nadëb ! Xereu # ! Waimiri-Atroari # Mawayana ! Maku-Húpda # Katuena Anambé Tembé Urubu-Kaapor Kambeba ! ! # ! Kuruaya Tremembé ! Miranha ! ! Kokama Sateré-Mawé Arara do Pará Assurini do Tocantins Tapeba ! # ! ! Guajá ! Tikuna Assurini do Xingu ! # ! Isolados do Quixito Mura Wokarangma Parakanã Korubo ! ! Araweté ! ! Guajajara Krejê ! ! ! Isolados do São José Gavião do Pará ! Isolados do Curuçá # ! Matsés ! Tsohom-Djapá Isolados do Parauari ! ! ! Kulina ! ! Suruí do Pará ! Gavião do Maranhao Himarimã Isolados do Rio Tapirapé ! ! Marubo Matis ! Isolados do Jandiatuba Torá # # ! ! ! Krikati Potiguara ! Kanamari Suruwahá Apinajé Canela ! ! Banawá Munduruku ! Nukuini ! Deni ! ! Mura-Pirahã Amawaka Jamamadi Juma ! # Xambioá Poyanawa Isolados do Alto Jutaí Jarawara Kariri ! ! ! ! Parintintin ! ! Katukina-Juruá ! ! Kayapó ! ! Isolados do Mamoriazinho! Paumari Tenharim # Krahô ! ! Kamanawa Apurinã ! # ! Katukina-Jutaí # Isolados do Teles Pires ! Xukuru Arara do Acre ! Isolados do Arama e Inau ! ! Atikum Kapinawá Jaminawa Isolados do
    [Show full text]
  • Tribes That Endured: Four Brazilian Cases
    TRIBES THAT ENDURED: FOUR BRAZILIAN CASES BY NASSARO ANTONIO DE SOUZA NASSER A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1982 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank many persons who helped not only to make this dissertation possible, but helped also to make pleasant the stay of my family and me in the United States. Among them I must especially men- tion Professor Charles Wagley, under whose guidance I have had the pleasure to pursue graduate training. He has not only been a fine and patient advisor, he has also been a warm friend to whom I could ever turn in search of intellectual and personal assistance. Professor Wagley belongs to that rare breed of individuals who combine quality scholarship with humanism. He and his wife, Dona Cecilia Roxo Wagley, have provided much support to my family and me by their friendship. To them I tender my very warmest thanks. The other members of my committee, Drs. Paul Magnarella, Maxine Margo! is, Anthony 01 iver- Smith, and Charles Wood, were patient and extremely helpful. Their comments and suggestions for revision of the early draft of this dissertation were decisive for its improvement. I thank them all for their guidance, their suggestions, and their friendship. I alone am to blame for any shortcomings. Many other colleagues and friends have helped my family and me in sundry ways during our long stay in the United States. To Dr. Terry McCoy, Jane and Michael Painter, Tracy and Don Fairbains, Elisa and Samuel Sa, James Jones, John Wilson, Gilberto Velho, and Newton Monteiro I am most grateful; their assistance was considerable.
    [Show full text]