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Screening of Guava Cultivars Against Different Insect Pests in Agroclimatic Condition of Haryana

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Screening of Guava Cultivars Against Different Insect Pests in Agroclimatic Condition of Haryana Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(2): 857-859 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Screening of guava cultivars against different JEZS 2018; 6(2): 857-859 © 2018 JEZS insect pests in agroclimatic condition of Haryana Received: 03-01-2018 Accepted: 04-02-2018 Meenakshi Devi Meenakshi Devi, Naveen Singh, GS Yadav, Jeet Ram Sharma and Jayant Ph.D. Student of Department of Yadav Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Abstract The present investigation was conducted for screening of guava cultivars against different insect pests in Naveen Singh agroclimatic condition in the Research Area of Department of Horticulture, CCS HAU, Hisar from July Ph.D. Student of Department of to August, 2017. In this experiment different cultivars i.e. Shweta, Lalit, Hissar Safeda, Hissar Surkha, L- Entomology, CCS Haryana 49, Hybrid, Strawberry Guava, Chinese Guava, Banarasi Surkha, Allahabad Safeda, Punjab Pink, Arka Agricultural University, Hisar, Amulya, Pant Red Sarbati, Barafkhana, MPUANT Slection 1, Arka Mridula and Kg Guava were selected Haryana, India for screening of different insect pests. Insect pest’s infestation was detected as eggs, larvae and adults or as attacked growing fruits. The highest infestation was observed in case of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera GS Yadav Professor of Department of dorsalis (Hendel) (i.e. 15 maggots/5fruits) after that mealybug (4 adult/5 branches) were observed in Entomology, CCS Haryana Hissar Surkha. The maximum number of oviposition marks oriental fruit flies were observed on Hissar Agricultural University, Hisar, Surkha (i.e. 19 oviposition marks/5 fruits) followed by Banarasi Surkha, Allahabad Safeda (16 Haryana, India oviposition marks/5 fruits) and Punjab pink (15 oviposition marks/5 fruits) whereas minimum observed in Lalit (8 oviposition marks/ five fruits). In case of Hybrid guava, Strawberry Guava and Chinese Guava Jeet Ram Sharma no infestation was observed. In case of capsule borer maximum was observed in Hissar Safeda (8 larva Professor of Department of /5fruits) whereas no infestation was observed in Kg Guava, Pant Red, Sarbati, Barafkhana and Lalit. Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Keywords: castor capsule borer, fruit fly, guava cultivars, oviposition marks, maggots, mealybug Haryana, India Jayant Yadav 1. Introduction Ph.D. Student of Department of Among the fruits, guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a very important fruit crop in India, highly Entomology, CCS Haryana rich in minerals like phosphorus and calcium depending on the variety [10]. The quantity of Agricultural University, Hisar, vitamin C increases with the maturity of fruit. The fruit is one of the richest sources of vitamin Haryana, India C (212 mg/100 g fruit) [2]. Guava is planted in an area of 2.6 lac ha in India and 0.04 lac ha in [1] Haryana with a production of 36.15 and 5.71 lac mt, respectively . Out of several factors causing low productivity of guava, the insect pests attack on the fruit is one of the main constraints. Guava is infested by as many as 80 species of insect pests like mealybugs, fruit flies, bark eating caterpillar, capsule borers, hair caterpillar and many sucking pests, out of which fruit fly is the major one causing a heavy loss in the yield [3]. The damage due to this [8] pest sometime reaches to the extent of crop failure during the rainy season . Delayed harvesting makes it vulnerable to the attack of fruit flies. These are commonly called “fruit flies” due to their close association with fruits and vegetables. Out of 4000 species, 392 species have been recorded in India [9]. In India, a total loss of 2,558 and 26,902 million rupees was estimated due to fruit flies with and without control measures, respectively. Only adults are exposed while eggs and maggots remain protected in the host tissues and most of [11] insecticidal treatments are ineffective . Application of insecticides further disrupts the ecosystem and causes numerous hazards, which in the present scenario warrants the need of integrated approach for fruit fly management [13]. Furthermore, information on varietal susceptibility under Haryana conditions was thought to be useful for managing different insect pests menace. Therefore, the present study was carried out to generate information on insect pest’s incidence and relative susceptibility of promising varieties of guava in order to aid in taking precise management decisions and their implementation in tackling the insect pest Correspondence problems in guava. Meenakshi Devi Ph.D. Student of Department of Entomology, CCS Haryana 2. Materials and Methods Agricultural University, Hisar, Survey of insect pests was carried out from, 2017 and the guava trees were selected from the Haryana, India Research Area of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. ~ 857 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies The main experimental methods used were; detection of plant were dissected in which emerging maggots and larvae were parts, collection of fruit samples to determine fruit infestation counted. The study area was kept free of insecticidal spray and collection of adult and immature insect pests from 5 during the period of observation. The varietal screening randomly selected fruits and twigs per row and total 14 rows studies data obtained was analysed statistically using having different cultivar of guava for population studies. The Randomized Block Design after suitable transformation. simplest but most productive method of monitoring was visual inspection of leaves and fruits, because these can yield 3. Results and Discussion information about the eggs laid, larvae developed, and adults. Ovipositional damage in the form of minute depression may Assessment of infestation was made by observing the attacked be seen from outside. Fruit soften at the site of infestation. fruits usually showing signs of oviposition punctures and The affected fruits rot and drop down prematurely. mechanical damage caused by insects. Insect pest infestation Ovipositional apertures lead to secondary infection by several was detected as eggs, larvae and adults or as attacked growing pathogens. Guava fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) i.e. fruits. Fruits associated insects were observed by collection of 15 maggots/5fruits showed highest infestation after that infested fruits. Field samples collected were brought to the mealybug (4 adult/5 branches) infestation was observed only laboratory in polythene bags. The collected fruits were placed in Hissar Surkha and Arka Mridula in Table 1. in container that had muslin top and after 3 days the fruits Table 1: Occurrence of insect pests on different variety of guava (Psidium. guajava) tree Number of insects captured/ variety Number of variety of Insect Pests on guava (5* fruits and twigs / variety) Sr. No. guava (with no. of No. of oviposition No. of maggots, plants/ variety) Common Name Scientific Name Order marks and adults 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 7 1 L-49 (3) 12 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 3 a. Hybrid (6) 2 b. Strawberry Guava (3) Nil - - - c. Chinese Guava (2) 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 15 3 Hissar Surkha (8) 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 19 1 3. Mealybug Pseudococcus sp. Homoptera 4 6 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 4 Hissar Safeda (8) 11 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 8 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 3 5 Lalit (1) 8 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera - 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 10 6 Shweta (1) 14 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 2 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 13 7 Banarasi Surkha (1) 16 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 4 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 8 8 Allahabad Safeda (1) 16 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 2 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 11 9 Punjab Pink (2) 15 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 3 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 5 10 Arka Amulya (4) 10 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 1 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 4 11 Arka Amulya (8) 9 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 2 a. Pant Red (1) 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 6 12 b. Sarbati (1) 13 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera - c. Barafkhana (1) a. MPUANT Slection 1 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 8 (4) 13 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera 11 2 b. Arka Mridula (1) 3. Mealybug Pseudococcus sp. Homoptera 4 c. KgGuava(1) 1. Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Diptera 3 14 Kg Guava (1) 9 2. Castor capsule borer Dichocrosis punctiferalis Lepidoptera - *Average of five fruits per variety The maximum number of oviposition marks of oriental fruit least susceptible. fly was observed on Hissar Surkha (i.e. 19 oviposition In case of capsule borer maximum infestation was observed in marks/5 fruits) followed by Banarasi Surkha, Allahabad Hissar Safeda (8 laval population/5fruits) and minimum Safeda (16 oviposition marks/5 fruits) and Punjab pink (15 infestation was observed in Lalit, Kg Guava, Pant Red, oviposition marks/5 fruits) whereas minimum observed in Sarbati Barafkhana and Hissar Surkha (1 larvae/5fruit). Same Lalit (8 oviposition
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