DOCSLIB.ORG

SVALBARD: HIORTHHAMN HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT Cultural Heritage and Climate – Risk Assessment and Adaptation Planning

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SVALBARD: HIORTHHAMN HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT Cultural Heritage and Climate – Risk Assessment and Adaptation Planning SVALBARD: HIORTHHAMN HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT Cultural heritage and climate – risk assessment and adaptation planning CONTENT INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 3 BIOLOGICAL DECAY OF WOOD DUE TO ROT ........................................................................................ 6 SOIL SUBSIDENCE AND EFFECTS ON FOUNDATIONS .......................................................................... 10 COASTAL EROSION ............................................................................................................................. 14 HUMAN WEAR AND TEAR / TOURISM ................................................................................................ 18 Illustration front page: Mine settlement Hiorthhamn with buildings on two “terraces”. The mine itself is situated far up in the mountainside Photo: Anne-Cathrine Flyen © NIKU. Hiorthhamn CLIMATE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE – Risk assessment and adaptation planning 3 INTRODUCTION Map showing Hiorthhamn at the north side of Adventfjorden, opposite Longyearbyen. Map: Norwegian Polar institute. This risk assessment and planning of risk reduction measures was developed as a part of the project Adapt Northern Heritage. For more information on the project, see the project web site https://adaptnorthernheritage.interreg-npa.eu/ One of the main results from the project is a guide for risk assessment and planning of risk reduction measures. This report is mainly based on this guide. The report is based on workshops held on site in 2018 and 2019 and has been written by Anne Cathrine Flyen, NIKU and Marte Boro, Riksantikvaren. The assessment took place in parallel to the development of the guide and important learnings from the work at Hiorthhamn were incorporated. As part of the assessment had been conducted in 2018, prior to finalisation of the project guide, some elements deviate from the final, published guide. Hiorthhamn covers a large area and encompasses multiple elements under threat of climate change which require adaptation. Due to challenges at the sites, with resources and prioritisation, the approach was taken to concentrate on and assess four well known, dominating hazards and impacts. The four site elements and their repsective impacts are: 1. Biological decay – cable car buck and sleepers 2. Soil subsidence and effects on building fundaments – Barack G 3. Coastal erosion – cable car central, smithy and locomotive 4. Human wear and tear - tourism Hiorthhamn CLIMATE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE – Risk assessment and adaptation planning Assessment details Names and affiliations of assessors Attending the workshop in August 2018 From ANH: Anne Cathrine Flyen, NIKU, Norway Marte Boro, Riksantikvaren, Norway Guðmundur Stefán Sigurðarson, Minjastofnun ĺslands, Iceland Hans Olav Stegarud, Sysselmannen at Svalbard, Norway Attending the workshop in August 2019 From ANH: Carsten Hermann, Historic Environment Scotland Marte Boro, Riksantikvaren, Norway Therese Sonehag, Riksantikvariatet, Sweden Anne-Cathrine Flyen, NIKU, Norway From the project CULTCOAST: Vibeke V. Martens, NIKU, Norway The workshops were led by Anne-Cathrine Flyen and Marte Boro. Sysselmannen at Svalbard, the islands' governor, was one of the project's Associated Partners. Version number of the assessment 1 - English Date of completion of the August 2019 assessment Assessment type X Standard level Comments on assessment process The risk assessment was carried out in 2018 based on ANH`s preliminary guidance. The guidelines have since been changed, partly based on input from the process in Hiorthhamn. The result from Hiorthhamn have only partly been updated in accordance with the revised guide. Hiorthhamn CLIMATE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE – Risk assessment and adaptation planning 5 Cultural environment HIORTHHAMN Description of the Hiorthhamn is a former small settlement for mining of coal at Svalbard, historic place Norway. It was a small community, in use from 1917 to 1940. The mine was located high up in the mountain. The coal was transported from the mine mouth by aerial cableways down to the shore, where the black gold was transferred onto ships. The workers partly lived up by the mine and partly down by the coast. Today, several houses and remains of the cableway and railroads are left. The site has a total of 14 buildings, including remains from other phases of operation such as cable cars, railways, tracks, etc. Some of the old houses are now used as cottages. The area also contains some newer cabins, which are not included in the listed area. The cultural environment extends from the sea and up to steeper terrain. The buildings are located on two levels, terraces, in the landscape with a steep slope in between. The climate is changing rapidly in the area. More rain, less frozen ground, and more erosion, due to less ice in the fjords during the winter, is leading to increased degradation and more damages. Cultural Heritage In Svalbard, all cultural monuments from before 1946 are automatically designation protected. Protection of cultural heritage in Svalbard is laid out in the Svalbard Environmental Protection Act. The overarching principle is that Svalbard’s cultural monuments shall be protected and looked after as a part of Svalbard’s cultural heritage and identity, and as a part of a comprehensive policy towards environmental management. The cultural environment in Hiorthhamn is the second largest collection of protected objects on Svalbard. Only the old mining town of Ny-Ålesund, which today has been converted into a modern research village, contains more protected units. The facility in Hiorthhamn is very authentic and still contains many of all the small parts that make up a "living" cultural environment. The comparable coal mining towns that exist on Svalbard in terms of age, size, and design (Longyearbyen, Ny-Ålesund, Grumant and Advent City) are not as well preserved and authentic as Hiorthhamn. The mining town is therefore unique and has a high conservation value as an example of an almost complete mining facility from the beginning of the 20th century. Hiorthhamn CLIMATE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE – Risk assessment and adaptation planning Degradation / damage type 1 BIOLOGICAL DECAY OF WOOD DUE TO ROT Part of the cable car facility that carried the coal from the mine high up in the mountains and down to the loading facility at Adventfjorden. The tightening station to the left and, to the right, a pole that is attacked by rot and has, as a result, collapsed. Photo: Anne-Cathrine Flyen © NIKU The railway track is partly preserved. In some parts only the sleepers are preserved. The above photo shows the wooden walkway which is partly laid on top of the sleepers. Photo: left Guðmundur Stefán Sigurðarson, Minjastofnun ĺslands, middle Anne-Cathrine Flyen, NIKU. Photo: Marte Boro © Riksantikvaren. Hiorthhamn CLIMATE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE – Risk assessment and adaptation planning Information – the historic place and the chosen hazard Hiorthhamn: Barack G, a cable car buck and railway track (sleepers) Degradation of wood due to rot Description ID Place Description 1 Hiorthhamn, selected Wooden construction: cable car buck, sleepers, and Barack G wooden objects Description chosen hazard to investigate Degradation of wood due to rot is a major challenge at Hiorthhamn. It is especially the timber foundations, the cable car trusses and wood that lie directly on the ground (for example the wooden sleepers after the trolley track) that are exposed to rot. The rot’s degradation is driven by the increasing temperature and precipitation, and by the length of the period the active layer is thawed. X Standard level: Summary of Risk Register - rote Risk rating 0-16 Description Risk rating Time horizon1 Time horizon 2 Today 2050 BARACK G has major damage, related to the foundation, the wooden 9 12 structures, and the exterior (panels, mouldings, windows etc). This Major risk Extreme risk assessment focusess on rot. Damages to the foundations – see below. CABLE CAR BUCK – timber constructions - foundation 12 16 Major rot damage due to moisture in the transition air / soil / frozen Extreme risk Fallen down soil. REMAINS OF RAILWAY - sleepers 12 16 The rail track is dilapidated, but parts of the sleepers and rails are Extreme risk Lost preserved. The sleepers are partly damp and partly dry, with access to oxygen. Rot and wear and tear by people and snowmobiles work together and intensify the degradation. When trampled, the wood collapses faster than the natural decomposition dictates. Lack of understanding that it has cultural value. Highest-ranked acceptable risks Description Risk rating Time horizon1 Time horizon 2 Today 2050 We have basically chosen hazards that today represent great risk, other hazards are not assessed. Therefore, there are no acceptable risks here. Summary of increasing risks Damage from rot presents great challenges and will increase in the future, so that the objects are lost over time. How quickly this happens is difficult to estimate, but the current situation indicates large losses in the future. Summary of decreasing risks Not applicable Effect of occurrence of impacts on key cultural heritage values Key values Current rating Revised rating / Comments No action taken before 2050 Barack G 3 Outstanding 1-2 Minor to Can now be repaired but will, as Major time goes on, demand huge number of resources and large- scale loss of original materials. Cable car buck 3 Outstanding 2 Major Assuming
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Handbok07.Pdf
    - . - - - . -. � ..;/, AGE MILL.YEAR$ ;YE basalt �- OUATERNARY votcanoes CENOZOIC \....t TERTIARY ·· basalt/// 65 CRETACEOUS -� 145 MESOZOIC JURASSIC " 210 � TRIAS SIC 245 " PERMIAN 290 CARBONIFEROUS /I/ Å 360 \....t DEVONIAN � PALEOZOIC � 410 SILURIAN 440 /I/ ranite � ORDOVICIAN T 510 z CAM BRIAN � w :::;: 570 w UPPER (J) PROTEROZOIC � c( " 1000 Ill /// PRECAMBRIAN MIDDLE AND LOWER PROTEROZOIC I /// 2500 ARCHEAN /(/folding \....tfaulting x metamorphism '- subduction POLARHÅNDBOK NO. 7 AUDUN HJELLE GEOLOGY.OF SVALBARD OSLO 1993 Photographs contributed by the following: Dallmann, Winfried: Figs. 12, 21, 24, 25, 31, 33, 35, 48 Heintz, Natascha: Figs. 15, 59 Hisdal, Vidar: Figs. 40, 42, 47, 49 Hjelle, Audun: Figs. 3, 10, 11, 18 , 23, 28, 29, 30, 32, 36, 43, 45, 46, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75 Larsen, Geir B.: Fig. 70 Lytskjold, Bjørn: Fig. 38 Nøttvedt, Arvid: Fig. 34 Paleontologisk Museum, Oslo: Figs. 5, 9 Salvigsen, Otto: Figs. 13, 59 Skogen, Erik: Fig. 39 Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani (SNSK): Fig. 26 © Norsk Polarinstitutt, Middelthuns gate 29, 0301 Oslo English translation: Richard Binns Editor of text and illustrations: Annemor Brekke Graphic design: Vidar Grimshei Omslagsfoto: Erik Skogen Graphic production: Grimshei Grafiske, Lørenskog ISBN 82-7666-057-6 Printed September 1993 CONTENTS PREFACE ............................................6 The Kongsfjorden area ....... ..........97 Smeerenburgfjorden - Magdalene- INTRODUCTION ..... .. .... ....... ........ ....6 fjorden - Liefdefjorden................ 109 Woodfjorden - Bockfjorden........ 116 THE GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION OF SVALBARD .... ........... ....... .......... ..9 NORTHEASTERN SPITSBERGEN AND NORDAUSTLANDET ........... 123 SVALBARD, PART OF THE Ny Friesland and Olav V Land .. .123 NORTHERN POLAR REGION ...... ... 11 Nordaustlandet and the neigh- bouring islands........................... 126 WHA T TOOK PLACE IN SVALBARD - WHEN? ....
    [Show full text]
  • Petroleum, Coal and Research Drilling Onshore Svalbard: a Historical Perspective
    NORWEGIAN JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY Vol 99 Nr. 3 https://dx.doi.org/10.17850/njg99-3-1 Petroleum, coal and research drilling onshore Svalbard: a historical perspective Kim Senger1,2, Peter Brugmans3, Sten-Andreas Grundvåg2,4, Malte Jochmann1,5, Arvid Nøttvedt6, Snorre Olaussen1, Asbjørn Skotte7 & Aleksandra Smyrak-Sikora1,8 1Department of Arctic Geology, University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 156, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway. 2Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx), University of Tromsø – the Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 6050 Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway. 3The Norwegian Directorate of Mining with the Commissioner of Mines at Svalbard, P.O. Box 520, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway. 4Department of Geosciences, University of Tromsø – the Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 6050 Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway. 5Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani AS, P.O. Box 613, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway. 6NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Fantoftvegen 38, 5072 Bergen, Norway. 7Skotte & Co. AS, Hatlevegen 1, 6240 Ørskog, Norway. 8Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway. E-mail corresponding author (Kim Senger): [email protected] The beginning of the Norwegian oil industry is often attributed to the first exploration drilling in the North Sea in 1966, the first discovery in 1967 and the discovery of the supergiant Ekofisk field in 1969. However, petroleum exploration already started onshore Svalbard in 1960 with three mapping groups from Caltex and exploration efforts by the Dutch company Bataaffse (Shell) and the Norwegian private company Norsk Polar Navigasjon AS (NPN). NPN was the first company to spud a well at Kvadehuken near Ny-Ålesund in 1961.
    [Show full text]
  • Written Exam SH-201 the History of Svalbard the University Centre in Svalbard, Monday 6 February 2012
    Written exam SH-201 The History of Svalbard The University Centre in Svalbard, Monday 6 February 2012 The exam is a 3 hour written test. It consists of two parts: Part I is a multiple choice test of factual knowledge. Note: This sheet with answers to part I shall be handed in. Part II (see below) is an essay part where you write extensively about one of two alternative subjects. No aids except dictionary are permitted. You may answer in English, Norwegian, Swedish or Danish. 1 2 Part I counts approximately /3 and part II counts /3 of the grade at the evaluation, but adjustment may take place. Both parts must be passed in order to pass the whole exam. Part I: Multiple choice test. Make only one cross for each question. In what year was Bjørnøya discovered by Willem 1. 1569 1596 1603 Barentsz? 2. When did land-based whaling end on Svalbard? ca. 1630 ca. 1680 ca. 1720 Which geographical region did most Russian 3. Pechora Murmansk White Sea hunters and trappers come from? When did Norwegian hunters and trappers start 4. ca. 1700 the 1750s the 1820s going to Svalbard regularly? From when dates the first map to show the whole 5. 1598 1714 1872 Svalbard archipelago? A famous scientific expedition visited Svalbard in 6. Chichagov Fram 1838–39. Which name is it known under? Recherche Svalbard was for a long time a no man’s land. In 7. Norway Sweden Russia 1871, who took an initiative to annex the islands? 8. When did Norway formally take over sovereignty? 1916 1920 1925 When was the Sysselmann (Governor of Svalbard) 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix: Economic Geology: Exploration for Coal, Oil and Minerals
    Downloaded from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on October 1, 2021 PART 4 Appendix: Economic geology: exploration for coal, oil and Glossary of stratigraphic names, 463 minerals, 449 References, 477 Index of place names, 455 General Index, 515 Alkahornet, a distinctive landmark on the northwest, entrance to Isfjorden, is formed of early Varanger carbonates. The view is from Trygghamna ('Safe Harbour') with CSE motorboats Salterella and Collenia by the shore, with good anchorage and easy access inland. Photo M. J. Hambrey, CSE (SP. 1561). Routine journeys to the fjords of north Spitsbergen and Nordaustlandet pass by the rocky coastline of northwest Spitsbergen. Here is a view of Smeerenburgbreen from Smeerenburgfjordenwhich affords some shelter being protected by outer islands. On one of these was Smeerenburg, the principal base for early whaling, hence the Dutch name for 'blubber town'. Photo N. I. Cox, CSE 1989. Downloaded from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on October 1, 2021 The CSE motorboat Salterella in Liefdefjorden looking north towards Erikbreen with largely Devonian rocks in the background unconformably on metamorphic Proterozoic to the left. Photo P. W. Web, CSE 1989. Access to cliffs and a glacier route (up Hannabreen) often necessitates crossing blocky talus (here Devonian in foreground) and then possibly a pleasanter route up the moraine on to hard glacier ice. Moraine generally affords a useful introduction to the rocks to be traversed along the glacial margin. The dots in the sky are geese training their young to fly in V formation for their migration back to the UK at the end of the summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Winning Coal at 78° North : Mining, Contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in Old Longyear City
    Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open Reports 2009 Winning coal at 78° North : mining, contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in old Longyear City Seth C. DePasqual Michigan Technological University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Copyright 2009 Seth C. DePasqual Recommended Citation DePasqual, Seth C., "Winning coal at 78° North : mining, contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in old Longyear City", Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2009. https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.etds/308 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Winning Coal at 78˚ North: Mining, Contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in Old Longyear City By Seth C. DePasqual A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2009 This thesis, “Winning Coal at 78˚ North: Mining, Contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in Old Longyear City” is hereby approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY. DEPARTMENT: Social Sciences Signatures: Thesis Advisor: ________________________________ Dr. Patrick E. Martin Department Chair: ______________________________ Dr. Patrick E. Martin Date: ______________________________ Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the encouraging words and guidance of my advisor Patrick Martin. His unremitting support saw me through a number of matters both academic and personal. I’d like to thank Carol MacLennan, who fostered my attention to socialized aspects of the Arctic Coal Company mining system and those related to the environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Prioriterte Kulturminner Og Kulturmiljøer Pa Svalbard
    KATALOG PRIORITERTE KULTURMINNER OG KULTURMILJØER PA SVALBARD Versjon 1.1 (2013) Irene Skauen Sandodden Sysselmannen på Svalbard Katalog prioriterte kulturminner og kulturmiljøer på Svalbard, versjon 1.1 Side 1 Telefon 79 02 43 00 Internett Adresse Telefaks 79 02 11 66 www.sysselmannen.no Sysselmannen på Svalbard, E-post [email protected] Pb. 633, 9171 Longyearbyen ISBN: Tilgjengelighet Internett: www.sysselmannen.no Opplag: Trykkes ikke, kun digitalt Utgiver Årstall: 2013 Sysselmannen på Svalbard, miljøvernavdelingen Sider: 220 Forfattere Irene Skauen Sandodden. Tekt er hentet fra ulike kilder. Per Kyrre Reymert, Tora Hultgreen, Marit Anne Hauan og Thor Bjørn Arlov har skrevet artikler om de ulike fasene i Svalbard historie (kapittel 2). Deltakende institusjoner Sysselmannen på Svalbard Tittel Title Katalog prioriterte kulturminner og kulturmiljøer på Svalbard. Versjon Catalogue of the cultural heritage sites with high priority in Svalbard. 1.1 (2013). Version 1.1 (2013). Referanse Katalog prioriterte kulturminner og kulturmiljøer på Svalbard. Versjon 1.1 (2013). Tilgjengelig på Internett: www.sysselmannen.no. Sammendrag Katalogen gir et kort innblikk i historien til Svalbard og representative kulturminner. Videre beskrives de om lag 100 prioriterte kulturminnene og kulturmiljøene som er valgt ut i Kulturminneplan for Svalbard 2013 – 2023. Katalogen er utarbeidet som et vedlegg til kulturminneplanen, men kan revideres ved behov. Emneord norsk Keywords English - Kulturminner og kulturmiljø - Cultural heritage (monuments and cultural
    [Show full text]
  • Svalbardstatistikk 2005 Svalbard Statistics 2005
    D 330 Norges offisielle statistikk Official Statistics of Norway Svalbardstatistikk 2005 Svalbard Statistics 2005 Statistisk sentralbyrå • Statistics Norway Oslo-Kongsvinger Internasjonale oversikter Oslo Telefon / Telephone +47 21 09 00 00 Telefaks / Telefax +47 21 09 49 73 Besøksadresse / Visiting address Kongens gt. 6 Postadresse / Postal address Pb. 8131 Dep N-0033 Oslo Kongsvinger Telefon / Telephone +47 62 88 50 00 Telefaks / Telefax +47 62 88 50 30 Besøksadresse / Visiting address Otervn. 23 Postadresse / Postal address N-2225 Kongsvinger Internett / Internet http://www.ssb.no/ E-post / E-mail [email protected] © Statistisk sentralbyrå, august 2005 © Statistics Norway, August 2005 Ved bruk av materiale fra denne publikasjonen, vennligst oppgi Statistisk sentralbyrå som kilde. When using material from this publication, please give Statistics Norway as your source. Standardtegn i tabeller / Symbol Explanation of Symbols Tall kan ikke forekomme / . Category not applicable Oppgave mangler / . Data not available ISBN 82-537- 6809-5 Trykt versjon / Printed version Oppgave mangler foreløpig / . ISBN 82-537- 6810-9 Elektronisk versjon / Electronic version Data not yet available Tall kan ikke offentliggjøres / Not for publication : Omslagsdesign / Null / Nil - Cover design: Enzo Finger Design Omslagsillustrasjon / Mindre enn 0,5 av den brukte enheten / 0 Less than 0.5 of unit employed Cover illustration: Siri Boquist Omslagsfoto / Mindre enn 0,05 av den brukte enheten / 0.0 Less than 0.05 of unit employed Cover photo: Torfinn Kjærnet Piktogrammer / Foreløpig tall / Provisional or preliminary figure * Pictograms: Trond Bredesen Brudd i den loddrette serien / _ Break in the homogeneity of a vertical series Trykk / Print: PDC Tangen Brudd i den vannrette serien / Break in the homogeneity of a horizontal series 2 Forord Svalbardstatistikk 2005 inneholder en sammenstilling av tilgjengelig statistikk om Svalbard som Statistisk sentralbyrå har samlet inn.
    [Show full text]
  • June 21, 2016 'Longyearbyen at Its Best:' Modern Tragedies, Triumphs Part of Traditional Tributes During Syttende Mai Celebration Page 7
    FREE Weather summary Cloudy and partly cloudy, with moderate winds and temperatures from 4C to 8C. icepeople Full forecast page 3 The world's northernmost alternative newspaper Vol. 8, Issue 18 June 21, 2016 www.icepeople.net 'Longyearbyen at its best:' Modern tragedies, triumphs part of traditional tributes during Syttende Mai celebration Page 7 “ To believe that the governor can rescue people out, regardless of circumstances, is wrong. There is no guarantee for that. - Per Andreassen, police lieutenant Svalbard governor's office ” U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE Norwegian Foreign Minister Børge Brende and U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, left, visit a glacier during a boat tour in Kongsfjorden on Thursday. At right, Norwegian Polar Institute Director Jan-Gunnar Winther explains a research project to Kerry inside the museum in Ny-Ålesund. Late update: 12 apartments vacated again due to building, infrastructure damage. ARCTIC GUISE? icepeople.net So U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry visited Svalbard…what difference does it make now? Exactly one week – to the hour – after Least-wanted list: How to avoidthis newspaper being one was dealt an almost certainly By MARK SABBATINI were near carbon clones of those following Prime Minister Erna Solberg in Oslo the day of "those" shippy summer tourists.fatal blow, it was resurrected. Editor visits by other world leaders. before his visit, about 200 focused on the Our demented editor (the fact he refers to Even if he wasn’t one of the most traveled So what of substance did come from U.S. archipelago and climate change – mostly stat- himself Pagein third-person 7 plural should be and heavily briefed persons in the world about Secretary of State John Kerry’s five-hour visit ing the visit was happening.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Heritage Sites in Coastal Areas. Monitor, Manage and Preserve Sites and Landscapes Under Climate Change and Development Pressure April 2019-March 2023
    CULTCOAST Cultural Heritage Sites in Coastal Areas. Monitor, Manage and Preserve Sites and Landscapes under Climate Change and Development Pressure April 2019-March 2023 . Researcher project NFR MILJØFORSK/ RCN environmental research, Project Number: 294314 Vibeke Vandrup Martens, NIKU, project leader Photo: Russekeila TW/NIKU Hiorthhamn Russekeila Svalbard Andøya Case sites 4 Sites (Russekeila and Hiorthhamn, Svalbard; N-W coast of Andøya, Nordland) chosen with a) heritage remains, archaeology and/or buildings; b) existing maps and active geo-hazard processes; c) long meteorological data series. For both Andøya and Svalbard, long observational temperature time series are available, going back to the late 19th Century (1868 for Andøya and 1898 for Svalbard). The precipitation records for these sites are shorter, but still cover more than 100 years. This allows for a thorough assessment of temporal variability in temperature and precipitation. CULTCOAST consortium. • PI: Vibeke Vandrup Martens, NIKU. Researcher, PhD, geoarchaeology and Medieval archaeology, environmental monitoring of archaeological sites. • Co-PI and PhD candidate: Anne-Cathrine Flyen, NIKU. Researcher, architect, preservation and degradation studies, Svalbard. • Co-PI: Knut Stalsberg, Norway’s Geological Survey (NGU). Researcher, PhD, geology, geo-hazards 4 & Lena Rubensdotter, NGU. Researcher, PhD, physical geographer, geo-hazards. • Co-PI: Hans Renssen, University of South-East Norway, (USN). Professor, PhD, quaternary geology, climate change. • Co-PI: Cecilie Flyen, SINTEF Community . Researcher, architect, climate change adaptation, stakeholder involvement, citizen science. • Co-PI: Tom Dawson, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK . Researcher, PhD, archaeologist, climate change adaptation and public archaeology. • Co-PI: Ionuț Cristi Nicu, NIKU / Kazan Federal University, Russia / Flinders University, Australia. Researcher, adjunct lecturer, PhD, geographer, geo-hazards, GIS.
    [Show full text]
  • 10. the Development of Settlements and the History of Longyearbyen
    SH-201 The History of Svalbard Summary, lecture 10 10. The development of settlements and the history of Longyearbyen A group of houses and buildings for a number of persons may appear to be a town or settlement, but does not necessarily constitute a community. It takes a certain permanency, a level of physical and social infrastructure and at least some degree of demographic variety before we can use the term (local) community. There are many short-lived settlements on Svalbard, with a varying degree of community features, such as Advent City (1905–08), Hiorthhamn (1917–26) or Tunheim on Bjørnøya (1915–25). These are examples of mining camps that hardly had the potential or ambition to become permanent communities. The American Arctic Coal Co. probably never intended to develop their “camp” Longyear City (1906–15) into a full-fledged local society, and little changed when Store Norske took over in 1916. The same seems to be true for the first phases of mining settlements like the Dutch Barentsburg (1920-26), the Swedish Sveagruvan (1917– 25) and Norwegian Ny-Ålesund (1917–29). Ny-Ålesund closed mining in 1929, but functioned as a fishery station in the 1930s. Coalmining was reopened in 1945 and continued until 1963. In this period there were families living in the town too. Thereafter, Ny-Ålesund has become a research station. The Soviet Trust Arktikugol started coal mining in Grumant and Barentsburg in 1931–32, expanding rapidly. There were a few women and small children, but nothing like a family community. From 1949 Pyramiden was built up.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2Mi3
    1 annual UNIS|report 2013 the university centre in svalbard 2 UNIS | ANNUAL REPORT 2013 UNIS | ANNUAL REPORT 2013 3 MAP OVER SVALBARD FROM THE DIRECTOR | 5 EXCERPTS FROM THE BOARD OF DiRECTORS REPORT 2013 | 6 QUALITY in EDUCATION | MOFFEN | 10 NORDAusTLANDET | STATisTICS | ÅSGÅRDFOnnA | 11 NEWTONTOPPEN | REsuLTATREGNSKAP 2013 | ny-ÅLEsunD | 12 PYRAMIDEN | BALANSE 31.12.2013 | 13 PRins KARLS | FORLAND | ARCTIC BIOLOGY BARENTSØYA | | 17 LONGYEARBYEN | ARCTIC GEOLOGY BARENTSBURG | | 21 ISFJORD RADIO | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS SVEAGRUVA | | 27 EDGEØYA | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY STORFJORDEN | | 31 HORnsunD | STUDENT COunCIL | 37 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIOns 2013 | 38 SVALBARD | GUEST LECTURERS 2013 | 42 Frontpage August 2013: AB-201 students sampling tadpole shrimps outside Ny-Ålesund, with the mountain Scheteligfjellet in the background. Photo: Steve Coulson/UNIS 4 UNIS | ANNUAL REPORT 2013 5 FROM THE DiRECTOR For the last couple of years we have been developing a new UNIS had 497 students from 36 countries attending altogether strategy for UNIS which our Board have adopted and made 76 courses in 2013. The Birkeland Centre for Space Physics, effective for the period 2014 – 2020. The new strategy focuses on awarded status as Centre of Excellence, was opened in March consolidation and developing UNIS further as the internationally 2013. During the autumn UNIS became partner in the Centre leading centre in the High Arctic for research-based higher for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCex, led by University of education in close cooperation with the Norwegian universities. Tromsø) and likewise partner in the BioCEED (led by University of Bergen) Centre for Excellence in Education. For some years In October 2013 we celebrated our 20th anniversary.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen Frozen Assets Kruse, Frigga
    University of Groningen Frozen assets Kruse, Frigga IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2013 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Kruse, F. (2013). Frozen assets: British mining exploration, and geopolitics on Spitsbergen, 1904-53. [S.n.]. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license. More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne- amendment. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 06-10-2021 Frozen Assets: British mining, exploration, and geopolitics on Spitsbergen, 1904-53 Circumpolar Studies Volume 9 Circumpolar Studies is a series on Dutch research in the Polar Regions published by the Arctic Centre of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands.
    [Show full text]