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Op{Tina PRILEP LOKALEN EKOLO[KI AKCIONEN PLAN

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Op{Tina PRILEP LOKALEN EKOLO[KI AKCIONEN PLAN Op{tina PRILEP LOKALEN EKOLO[KI AKCIONEN PLAN DEKEMVRI, 2003 REPUBLIKA MAKEDONIJA MINISTERSTVO ZA @IVOTNA SREDINA I PROSTORNO PLANIRAWE LOKALEN EKOLO[KI AKCIONEN PLAN NA OP[TINA PRILEP NARA^ATEL: MINISTERSTVO ZA @IVOTNA SREDINA I PROSTORNO PLANIRAWE MINISTER : D-r.Zoran [apuri} KOORDINATOR NA PROEKTOT : VIOLETA DRAKULOVSKA IZVR[ITEL: JAVNO PRETPRIJATIE ZA PROSTORNI I URBANISTI^KI PLANOVI DIREKTOR: LIDIJA TRPENOSKA-SIMONOVI] RAKOVOITEL NA ZADA^ATA: CVETANKA MARKU[OSKA, dip.in`.arh. KORISNIK: OP[TINA PRILEP GRADONA^ALNIK: SA[O PIRGANOSKI KOORDINATOR NA LUK: KATICA DIMOVSKA TALESKA, DEKEMVRI 2003 LOKALEN UPRAVEN KOMITET: Koordinator: Katica Dimovska Taleska: Glaven arhitekt na grad Prilep ^lenovi: Lile Cvetanoska Dejan Koneski Stiv Vajs Roza Naumoska Gabriela Nikoloska Katerina Dimeska Gordana Dameska Laze Cvetkoski Rodna [arenkoska Hilda Crneska Vklu~eni nevladini organizacii vo sobirawe na informaciite, komunikacija so gra|anite, sproveduvawe na javnata anketa AGTIS , Mladinski Sovet i MKA od Prilep. Lokalen ekolo{ki akcionen plan na op{tina Prilep Sodr`ina Sodr`ina...........................................................................................................................................1 1. VOVED ...........................................................................................................................................3 2. POSTAPKA NA IZRABOTKA.............................................................................................6 3. OP[TI KARAKTERISTIKI NA OP[TINATA ........................................................9 3.1. Prirodni karakteristiki..................................................................................................9 3.2. Naselenie i naselbi ..........................................................................................................13 3.3. Stopanski razvoj.................................................................................................................16 3.4. Tehni~ka infrastruktura ................................................................................................20 4. U^ESTVO NA JAVNOSTA- Anketa na ekolo{kite sostojbi vo op{tinata...........26 5. LOKALEN AKCIONEN EKOLO[KI PLAN ..............................................................35 5.1. Kvalitet na vozduhot.........................................................................................................35 5.2. Snadbuvawe so voda ............................................................................................................41 5.3. Otpadni vodi........................................................................................................................56 5.4. Upravuvawe so cvrstiot otpad ........................................................................................65 5.5. Za{tita na po~vite............................................................................................................74 5.6. Za{tita na {umite ............................................................................................................84 5.7. Prirodno nasledstvo .........................................................................................................90 5.8. Urban razvoj.........................................................................................................................95 5.9. Zdravstvena sostojba na naselenieto...........................................................................106 5.10. Javna svest ........................................................................................................................113 6. INSTITUCIONALNO-ORGANIZACIONI USLOVI ZA REALIZACIJA NA LEAP ...............................................................................................117 1 Lokalen ekolo{ki akcionen plan na op{tina Prilep Prirodata ne mo`e pove}e da ~eka i da go trpi ~ovekovoto nasilie. "Gospod sekoga{ prostuva, a prirodata nikoga{". "Prirodata sekoga{ e vo pravo, taa ne razbira nikakvi {egi, taa sekoga{ e seriozna i stroga. Gre{kite i zabludite sekoga{ gi pravat lu|eto" - Gete. 2 Lokalen ekolo{ki akcionen plan na op{tina Prilep 1. VOVED Republika Makedonija se nao|a vo poodminata faza na preminot kon pazarni uslovi na stopanisuvawe i vo ovoj period od su{tinsko zna~ewe, kako del od ekonomskata razvojna programa, e da se kreira politika na za{tita na ~ovekovoto zdravje, da se razgledaat pra{awata na `ivotnata sredina i koristeweto na nacionalnite bogatstva pri {to treba da se opredelat prioritetnite aktivnosti na odr`iv na~in i da se integriraat vo programite za ekonomski i op{testven razvoj. Ovaa politika i aktivnosti se vo soglasnost so Nacionalniot akcionen plan za za{tita na `ivotnata sredina, a toj pak e vo soglasnost so Akcionata programa za za{tita na `ivotnata sredina za Centralna i Isto~na Evropa (EAP), dokument usvoen na Ministerskata konferencija vo Lucern 1993 godina. Prv ~ekor vo re{avaweto na pra{awata na `ivotnata sredina e donesuvaweto na Zakonot za za{tita na `ivotnata sredina vo dekemvri 1996 godina, vo ~ii ramki e tretirano pra{aweto na izrabotka na lokalen ekolo{ki akcionen plan. Vo faza na izrabotka se i drugi specifi~ni zakoni so koi golem del od ingerenciite }e se prenesat i vo lokalnata samouprava koja najdobro gi poznava lokalnite problemi i potrebi. Vakvata decentalizacija vo golema merka korespondira so Agenda 21, dokument koj be{e izgotven na Samitot na Obedinetite Nacii za Za{tita na `ivotnata sredina i razvoj vo 1992 godina vo Rio de @aneiro. Ovoj dokument vo svojata Deklaracija za ekologija i razvoj sodr`i dvaeset i sedum principi koi gi ureduvaat pravata i obvrskite na naciite za ostvaruvawe na razvoj na ~ove{tvoto i blagosostojbata, prifateni od 140 zemji od celiot svet. Vo Agenda 21 se poddr`uva vozdr`aniot razvoj, vklu~uvaj}i gi socijalnite i kulturnite vrednosti i posebno za{titata na `ivotnata sredina, pottiknuvaj}i ja lokalnata vlast tesno da sorabotuva so gra|anite, stopanskite i nevladinite organizacii za nivnite prioriteti, vrednosti i ponudeni re{enija, da bara informacii za primena na soodvetna politika, zakoni i regulativi, se so cel za dvi`ewe kon traen razvoj na zaednicata, koja gi koristi site izvori za zadovoluvawe na momentalnite potrebi, no istovremeno vodej}i smetka adekvatnite izvori da im bidat dostapni i na idnite generacii. No isto taka se stremi kon podobro javno zdravstvo i podabar `ivot za site nejzini `iteli, so limitirawe na otpadocite, za{tita od zagaduvaweto, efikasnost, razvivawe i konzervirawe na lokalnite izvori na lokalnata ekonomija. Vo april 1993 godina, Ministrite za za{tita na `ivotnata sredina od Zapadna i Isto~na Evropa i SAD se soglasija za {iroka strategija i akciona programa, poznata kako Ekolo{ka Akciona Programa (EAP) za Centralna i Isto~na Evropa. Ovoj dokument pretstavuva ramka i upatstvo za odreduvawe na najprioritetnite problemi i razvivawe na realni, efikasni i finansiski opravdani re{enija. So EAP e odredeno deka najdobriot na~in za kanalizirawe na finanskite sredstva e primena na ~ovekovoto zdravje i eko sistemot, {to zna~i za tie prioritetni problemi potrebno e utvrduvawe na alternativni ubla`uva~ki strategii. Ponatamu, investicionite programi treba da gi naglasat onie aktivnosti za koi ne se potrebni golemi sredstva, a koi mo`at da donesat zna~itelno podobruvawe na `ivotnata sredina. Agenda 21 i Ekolo{kata akciona programa za Centralna i Isto~na Evropa vo zna~itelna mera gi pottiknuvaat lokalnite vlasti vo razre{uvawe na ekolo{kite problemi na lokalo nivo. Izrabotkata na lokalen ekolo{ki akcionen plan, vo ponatamo{niot tekst, LEAP e produkt i na sevkupnite ekolo{ki sostojbi vo regionot i po{iroko, 3 Lokalen ekolo{ki akcionen plan na op{tina Prilep odnosno ekoproblemite i vremeto vo koe `iveeme, ja odrazuvaat potrebata od studiozen pristap i respekt kon prirodata i `ivotnata sredina i prevzemawe na merki i dejstvija za blagovremena intervencija. Lokalniot ekolo{ki akcionen plan za op{tina Prilep e izgotven od strana JP za Prostorni i urbanisti~ki planovi vo sorabotka so Ministerstvoto za za{tita na `ivotnata sredina i prostorno planirawe i nadle`nite slu`bi vo Op{tinata Prilep. Pri izrabotkata na LEAP, `ivotnata sredina e tretirana kako prostor postojano podlo`en na antropogeni i prirodni {tetni vlijanija, vo koj egzistira ~ovekot i site prirodni bio resursi. Ekolo{kite problemi, po priroda se kompleksni i so golemo interakcisko deluvawe vrz atmosferata i biosferata, se razgleduvani i od aspekt na nivnata zavisnost od nepovolnite ekonomski i socijalni sostojbi vo op{tinata i po{irokiot region. Ovoj period e izbran poradi toa {to sinxirot na ekolo{kite zavisnosti sekoga{ poa|a od neracionolnoto koristewe na prirodnite resursi, pa preku degradacija na site elementi na ekosistemot, zavr{uva so nedostig na kvalitetna hrana i voda za piewe i naru{uvawe na op{tiot zdravstven i ekonomsko-socijalen status na naselenieto. Zdrava populacija i razviena ekonomija vo zagadena `ivotna sredina be{e oceneto deka ne mo`e da se obezbedi, pa zatoa pri analiziraweto na tekovniot i idniot op{testveno ekonomski razvoj na op{tinata e zemena vo predvid bitnata neophodnost za prilagoduvawe na na~inot na `iveewe i primenuvanite tehnologii, kon sistemite na prirodata {to go odr`uvaat `iviot svet. Vo kreiraweto na predlo`enata koncepcija za za{tita na `ivotnata sredina posebno vnimanie be{e posveteno na izborot na optimalni merki i aktivnosti, koi obezbeduvaat spre~uvawe na degradacijata na osnovnite mediumi na ekosistemot (voda, vozduh i po~va) za smetka na merkite na sanacija. Za ostvaruvawe na celite na podobruvawe
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