Handguns Hard to Get, Costly in Some U.S. Cities

Fall 2007 TERRY SANFORD Duke University INSTITUTE OF Inside 2/A Health Care Leader PUBLIC POLICY 3/Leadership Course 8/Student Research Worldwide 10/Africa Expert Joins Faculty 13/Faculty News 14/Alumni News Focus UNIVERSITY PHOTOGRAPHY LES TODD, Handguns Hard to Get, Costly in Some U.S. Cities egulating criminal access ford Professor of PPS and an to handguns can be effec- author of the study. “We found R tive in making it more dif- that isn’t true. Guns are quite ficult for youths and criminals to scarce in some American cities, obtain guns, according to a new and scarcity reduces gun use in study based on interviews with crime.” gang members and illicit gun Published in the November dealers. The research was con- issue of The Economic Journal, the ducted by a team from Duke, research provides a detailed eco- Columbia, Harvard and the nomic analysis of underground Jeffrey Toobin, center, author of The Nine: Inside the Secret World of the University of Chicago. gun markets in Chicago, where Supreme Court, discusses the conservative shift of the court with Law “The common perception is handgun ownership was banned School Dean David Levi, right, and Law Professor Neil Siegel on Oct. 11 at that handguns are everywhere, in 1982. Because Chicago’s gun the Institute. Toobin said the 2008 presidential election is crucial to the like grains of sand on the beach,” laws are unusually restrictive, the long-term makeup of the court and predicted that if Hillary Clinton wins the said Philip Cook, ITT/Terry San- city provided a (Please see page 12) White House, she will appoint Sen. Barack Obama to the Supreme Court. New Program Focuses on History, General Zinni to Teach Public Policy and Social Change Leadership Course By Iza Wojciechowska uilding on Duke’s commitment to Students will collaborate with faculty Gen. Anthony Zinni, USMC (Ret.), former head interdisciplinary research and civic in the program’s ambitious pilot project, a of the U.S. Central Command, will join the faculty B engagement, Bob Korstad, the Kevin comparative study of three 20th-century of the Sanford Institute for the spring semester D. Gorter Associate Professor of PPS and non-violent social revolutions: the civil History, and Bill Chafe, the Alice Mary rights movement in the United States; anti- as the Sanford Distinguished Lecturer in Resi- Baldwin Professor of History, recently apartheid reform in South Africa; and demo- dence and will teach a new course in the Hart launched the Duke University Program cratic movements in Central and Eastern Leadership Program. on History, Public Policy and Social Change. Europe. “The thing that attracted me the most [to “Our goals in creat- The project’s first phase begins with a Duke] is the emphasis on leadership,” said ing this new program focus on collecting and archiving oral histo- Zinni. are to help foster a more ries in South Africa. Through a partnership “I’m really pleased that we were able to per- historical perspective with colleagues at the University of KwaZulu suade Tony Zinni to spend more time with us at among policymakers, Natal and the University of Cape Town, Duke,” said Bruce Kuniholm, Institute director. and to increase aware- Chafe and Korstad are working to secure oral “When he came to Duke last spring as the San- ness among historians histories of human rights leaders in South ford Distinguished Lecturer, he made a pro- of how their work can Africa and make them accessible online. found impression on our students and faculty.” inform today’s chal- Beginning this fall, the program also will Zinni spoke at the Sanford Institute in January, lenges,” Korstad said. Korstad work to collect interviews (Please see page 5) when he presented the 2007 (Please see page 12) InstituteUpdates From Bruce Kuniholm, Director their individual expectations. To exercise leader- ership roles on the global stage; and, finally, by ship, however one wants to define it, is to engage positioning them for formative and life-changing “Leaders must invoke an alchemy of great in public life, and it is a skill that can be learned. insights about their work and their lives. vision.” HENRY KISSINGER This issue of Public Policy Focus features The Sanford Institute has long emphasized “WHEN THE BEST LEADER’S WORK IS DONE THE several stories that have leadership as a theme. educating “Public Policy Leaders for a Changing PEOPLE SAY, ‘WE DID IT OURSELVES!’” LAO TZU In the fall, retired Army Col. Joseph LeBoeuf World,” and since 1986 the Hart Leadership and Lt. Col. Mark Tribus are co-teaching Program has been an innovator in the field of As these quotations suggest, “leadership” “Principles and Practices of High-Impact Leader- undergraduate leadership education, offering means different things to different people. Some ship” [p. 3]. In the spring, one of the nation’s most 7,500 students opportunities to discover their see it as a capacity to articulate and engage fol- respected military leaders, retired Marine Gen. own leadership potential. As we work toward be- lowers in pursuit of a vision. Some define it as Tony Zinni, will join us to teach with the Hart coming a school of public policy, we are examining the deft wielding of authority. Others may see it Leadership Program [p. 1]. And from the civilian our strengths and making plans to build on them simply as an innate quality—you have it or you side, lawyer and Professor of the Practice Tom on both the undergraduate and graduate levels. don’t. To still others, leadership cannot be con- Taylor provides MPP students perspectives from Leadership training is one of those strengths ferred, it must be earned, and it means getting his years working in the Pentagon [p. 3]. about which we are most passionate, and it will groups to harness resources from many sectors As we develop our plans to become a school, be the focus of our November 2007 Board of and perspectives in order to make progress on we have increasingly focused on making avail- Visitors meeting, when we celebrate the 20th common problems. It is an art more than a sci- able to our students courses that contribute to anniversary of the Hart Leadership Program. ence, requiring improvisation, patience, a sense their transformational education. We do this by of purpose, and the ability to orchestrate conflict empowering them to apply the knowledge they skillfully so that people with different viewpoints have acquired here in the service of society; by and values can learn from each other and exceed helping them develop the capacity for future lead- Fear of Blood Led Alum to Career in Health Policy By David Rice ther Schlichting nor her siblings were al- Henry Ford Health System. lowed to visit her. “When I found public pol- Schlichting credits the Institute, on ancy Schlichting icy and realized there was something called whose Board of Visitors she now serves, with (’76), a member health policy, and I took my first course, I helping her develop a career in which she can N of the second PPS knew that this was it.” steer a large institution toward the compas- graduating class, began The new major was small and largely un- sionate care her family did not enjoy when her Duke studies with a known in the mid ’70s, Schlichting recalls, but her mother was a patient four decades ago. “tremendous interest in it was an exciting time to be in the program. Her job gives Schlichting a bird’s-eye health and health care” “President Sanford and Joel Fleishman view of the many facets of the national and intentions—short- brought all the best and the brightest to the health care crisis. Probably the most impor- lived, as it turned out—to become a doctor. public policy program,” she says. “The head tant human factor, she says, “is the number “I was originally a chemistry major and of the American Association of Medical Col- of uninsured in this country. That number went to the Pre-Med Society meetings, leges. The head of the AMA. Lots of individ- continues to grow and it’s affecting a lot which allowed me to visit Duke Hospital and uals came to speak in our classes and we got more younger people. Over 50 percent of the spend time in the emergency department,” to interact with them. It gave you a very big- uninsured are working Americans.” she recalls. “Every time I did, I passed out. I picture view at a very young age.” As the Sanford Institute becomes a school couldn’t stand the sight of blood.” In addition, Schlichting took advantage of and adds to Duke’s wealth of resources in But medicine’s loss was health care’s gain. real-world experiences. Her summer intern- health policy, it could play an important role Schlichting soon discovered a new passion for ship at a hospital in rural Virginia convinced in bringing together the many stakeholders health policy that would set her on a remark- her that health care was the field for her. As and addressing the many dimensions of the able career trajectory. Now, as president and she neared graduation at a time when women health care crisis, Schlichting says. CEO of the Henry Ford Health System in business leaders were still few and far “This is a field that needs Sanford,” Schlich- Michigan, she oversees an operation with between, Duke faculty mentors encouraged ting says. “It needs people to focus on the 20,000 employees, 1 million patients a year her interest in pursuing an MBA. depth and breadth of the issues that relate to and annual revenues exceeding $3.5 billion.

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