Le Quorum Sensing Bactérien Dans L'environnement Marin

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Le Quorum Sensing Bactérien Dans L'environnement Marin Le quorum sensing bact´eriendans l'environnement marin : diversit´emol´eculaireet g´en´etiquedes auto-inducteurs Margot Doberva To cite this version: Margot Doberva. Le quorum sensing bact´erien dans l'environnement marin : diversit´e mol´eculaireet g´en´etiquedes auto-inducteurs. Ecosyst`emes.Universit´ePierre´ et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2016. Fran¸cais. <NNT : 2016PA066049>. <tel-01377951> HAL Id: tel-01377951 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01377951 Submitted on 8 Oct 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. ��������������������������������������������������������� ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� �������������������������������������������������������������������������� � � ������������������������������� ����������������������������������� ���������������������������������� � ��������������������������������������������������������� ������������������������������������������������������� � � ��������������� ������������������������������������������ ����������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������� � � � ����������������������������������������������������������������� � �������������������������������� � � � � � ������������� � 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���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ���������������������������������������������������������������������� ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ���� ��� ��� ���������� ���� ��� ��� ����� ������� ���� ��� ��� �������� ����� ��� ������ ��� ���� ��� ���������� ��� �������� ���� ����� ����� ���� ��������� ��� ��� �������� ��� ������� ���������� ��� ����� ���������� ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� � � � ��������� ������������� 7 SOMMAIRE 9 LISTE DES ABBRÉVIATIONS 15 TABLE DES ILLUSTRATIONS 17 TABLE DES TABLEAUX 19 CHAPITRE I : INTRODUCTION : LA COMMUNICATION INTER­CELLULAIRE CHEZ LES MICRO­ ORGANISMES 23 I­1 LES BACTERIES MARINES ET LEURS ENVIRONNEMENTS 23 I 1 1 LES BACTERIES MARINES: QUELLE PLACE DANS L'ENVIRONNEMENT MARIN ? 23 I 1 1 1 Les bactéries libres : la colonne d'eau 24 I‐1‐1 2 Les bactéries attachées : la neige marine 24 I‐1‐1‐3 Les bactéries associées au phyto et zoo plancton 25 I‐1‐1‐4 La communauté bactérienne du sédiment 25 I‐1‐1‐5 Les bactéries associées aux macro‐ algues ‐ 25 I‐1‐1‐6 Les bactéries associées aux plantes 26 I‐1‐1‐7 Les bactéries associées aux invertébrés‐ marins 26 I‐1‐1‐8 Les bactéries associées aux vertébrés marins 27 I‐1‐2‐L' IMPLICATION DES BACTERIES MARINES DANS LE RESEAU TROPHIQUE ET LES CYCLES BIOGEOCHIMIQUES ‐ ‐ ‐ 27 I‐1‐3 DE L'ECOLOGIE MICROBIENNE A L'ECOLOGIE CHIMIQUE 29 I­2 LE QUORUM SENSING : LA COMMUNICATION BACTERIENNE INTERCELLULAIRE 31 I‐2‐1 HISTORIQUE : DE L'ETUDE DE LA BIOLUMINESCENCE A LA DECOUVERTE ET LA COMPREHENSION DU MECANISME DE QUORUM SENSING 31 I‐2‐2 LE MECANISME GENERAL DU QUORUM SENSING BACTERIEN 32 I 2 3 LES PHENOTYPES REGULES PAR QUORUM SENSING CHEZ LES BACTERIES
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