India Agra Tomb of Itimad-Ud-Daula, 1626 View from Entrance Gate 14

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

India Agra Tomb of Itimad-Ud-Daula, 1626 View from Entrance Gate 14 14 - ARCHITECTURE OF THE GREAT on base to Left to tomb entrance MUGHALS II Ground level 1410 Architecture: India 1401 Architecture: India Agra Agra; Tomb of Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula, 1626 Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 View from entrance gate Pietra dura inlay-Detail of slide #1409 1402 Architecture: India Agra Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula, 1626 1411 Architecture: India View of tomb from entrance Agra; Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 1403 Architecture: India Agra Pietra dura inlay-Detail of Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula, 1626 slide #1408 View from upper storey toward gateway entrance 1412 Architecture: India Agra; Tomb of 1404 Architecture: India Agra Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula, 1626 Pietra dura inlay-Abstract flower Second storey: detail of octogonal corner design-Detail of slide #1408 tower showing pietra dura inlay of marble and semi-precious stones 1413 Architecture: India Agra; Tomb of 1405 Architecture: India Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 Agra; Tomb of Upper storey-Tomb pavillion Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 showing marble floor with Pietra dura inlay on corner pietra dura scroll inlay and tower (ground level) showing portion of yellow porphery Detail of wine flask with cenotaphs snake necked animal handles 1414 Architecture: India 1406 Architecture: India Agra; Tomb of Agra; Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 Upper storey-exterior of tomb Pietra dura inlay on corner pavilion back toward tower (ground level), entrance gate showing covered cup 1415 Architecture: India 1407 Architecture: India Agra; Tomb of Agra; Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 Upper storey-View toward View of Entrance to tomb- river gate Ground level 1416____3___ 5___ 7___ 9___ T___ 1408 Architecture: India Architecture: India Agra; Tomb of Aurangabad; Tomb of Dilraus Banu Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 (wife of Emperor Aurangzeb) Pietra Dura in lay in alcove Completed in A.D. 1678 to the Left of entrance, grould level, showing 1417. Architecture: India geometric patterns and Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 paradise tree (cypress) View of red sandstone walls and western entrance (Lahore gate) 1409 Architecture: India Agra; Tomb of 1418. Architecture: India Itimad-ud-Daula A.D. 1626 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Pietra dura inlay-Geometric Patterns Rang Mahal. View from the back of Diwan-i-Am Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Diwan-i-Am. Pietra dura panel 1419. Architecture: India behind the throne, center top, Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 attributed to Austin de Bordeaux View of gardens and river Orpheus with his lute palaces. From Left to Right Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private 1429. Architecture: India Audience), Khas Mahal (Private Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Palace), Rang Mahal (Painted Diwan-i-Khas (hall of Private Palace) Audience). Detail of gilded decoration on cusped arch 1420. Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 1430. Architecture: India Diwan-i-Am. interior. View of Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 red sandstone bays looking to Rang Mahal (Painted Palace). Right past imperial throne Morror inlay apartment known as "Shish Mahal" (Mirror Palace) 1421. Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 1431. Architecture: India Diwan-i-Am. Details of red Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 sandstone arch forms Rang Mahal. View of Marble lotus fountain and Nahr-i-Bihist 1422. Architecture: India (River of Paradise) Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Detail of slide #1421 1432. Architecture: India showing ceiling and arch Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 constuction Rang Mahal. Marble lotus fountain Detail of slide #1431 1423. Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 1433. Architecture: India Diwan-i-Am Imperial throne Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 and canopy, looking Right Rang Mahal. View of lotus fountain looking out to fort gardens 1424. Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 1434. Architecture: India Diwan-i-Am. Marble dais Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 (wazir's seat) before Khas Manhal (Private Palace). imperial throne to Left "Scale of Justice Screen" in Tasbih-Khana (Chamber for telling 1425. Architecture: India beads) looking North Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Diwan-i-Am. View of throne 1435. Architecture: India canopy Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 "Sclae of Justice" 1426. Architecture: India Detail of slide #1434 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Diwan-i-Am. Detail of canopy 1436. Architecture: India inlay and pietra dura panel Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 behind throne Khas Mahal. Detail of marble perforations on the 1427. Architecture: India "Scales of Justice" screen Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Diwan-i-Am. Detail of pietra 1437. Architecture: India dura inlay attributed to Austin Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 de Bordeaux Hammam (Bath House) View of inlaid marble floor and corner 1428. Architecture: India of sunken bath 1448 Architecture: India 1438. Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Shah Burj ("King's Tower"), Hammam (Bath House) Detail of looking West to river inlaid floor pattern 1449 Architecture: India 1439. Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Shah Burj. Interior view of Diwan-i-Am. Detail of marble chadar (water chute) perforated sandstone grill on back wall to Right of 1450 Architecture: India imperial throne (see slide Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 #1423) Shah Burj. Detail of slide #1449 showing chadar ripple pattern 1440 Architecture: India and scalloped fountian Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Khas Mahal. Baithak 1451 Architecture: India (Sitting Room) Perforated Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Marble screen Fort Gardens. looking South view of water canals 1441 Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 1452 Architecture: India Khas Mahal. View of perforated Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Marble screen facing West Fort Gardens. Detail of sandstone to river patterns in dried water canals 1442 Architecture: India 1453 Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Khas Mahal, showing pietra dura Moti Masjid. ("Pearl Mosque") floral inlay stripped of View, looking West from courtyard semi-precious stones to prayer hall 1443 Architecture: India 1454 Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Khas Mahal. Detail of Moti Masjid. View South stripped pietra dura inlay across courtyard 1444 Architecture: India 1455 Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Diwan-i-Khas. Pietra dura Moti Masjid. Detail of slide inlay on pillar base #1454 1445 Architecture: India 1456. Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Diwan-i-Khas. Detail of pietra Moti Masjid. Portion of dura inlay on pillar base marble wall to Left of mosque entrance 1446 Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 1457 Architecture: India Diwan-i-Khas. Detail of flower Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 inlay with semi-precious stones Moti Masjid. Facade of prayer hall taken from mosque 1447 Architecture: India entrance Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Diwan-iKhas. Detail of inlaid 1458 Architecture: India flowers Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Moti Masjid. Prayer hall, first bay, looking South 1468 Architecture: India 1459 Architecture: India Shaikhupura near Lahore Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Jahangir's Hunting Lodge and Moti Masjid. Prayer hall, Deep Tower (Hiran Minar) detail of marble floor with A.D. 1607-1620 musalla (prayer carpet) View of pavilion from causeway inlay in black marble connection it to Hiran Minar 1460 Architecture: India 1469 Architecture: India Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Shaikhupura near Lahore Moti Masjid. Detail of Jahangir's Hunting Lodge and marble floor inlay Deep Tower (Hiran Minar) Detail of slide #1459 A.D. 1607-1620 View along causeway of 1461 Architecture: India hunting paviliion Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 Moti Masjid. Detail of 1470 Architecture: India marble floor inlay Shaikhupura near Lahore Detail of slide #1460 Jahangir's Hunting Lodge and Deep Tower (Hiran Minar) 1462 Architecture: India A.D. 1607-1620 Delhi: Red Fort A.D. 1638-1648 View from inside Hiran Minar Moti Masjid. Steps to showing panorama of gate, causeway Prayer hall and hunting pavilion 1463 Architecture: India 1471 Architecture: India Shahdara near Lahore Shaikhupura near Lahore Tomb of Asaf Khan Jahangir's Hunting Lodge and (Built A.D> 1640-1642) Deep Tower (Hiran Minar) Tomb from gardens of A.D. 1607-1620 Jahangir's mausoleum View toward Hiran Minar form pavilion causeway 1464 Architecture: India Shahdara near Lahore 1472 Architecture: India Tomb of Asaf Khan Shaikhupura near Lahore (Built A.D> 1640-1642) Jahangir's Hunting Lodge and View of approach and tomb Deep Tower (Hiran Minar) A.D. 1607-1620 1465 Architecture: India Hiran Minar Shahdara near Lahore Tomb of Asaf Khan 1473 Architecture: India (Built A.D> 1640-1642) Sikandra; Tomb of Akbar Detail of dome Redesigned and completed during the reign of 1466 Architecture: India Jahangir A.D. 1605-1627 Shahdara near Lahore View of South Gateway, the Tomb of Asaf Khan main entrance to the gardens (Built A.D> 1640-1642) and the tomb of Akbar Alcove. Mukarnas with enamelled tiles 1474 Architecture: India Sikandra; Tomb of Akbar 1467 Architecture: India South Gate. Detail of Shahdara near Lahore stony inlay and marble Tomb of Asaf Khan minaret (Built A.D> 1640-1642) 1475 Architecture: India Alcove.
Recommended publications
  • Sacralizing the City: the Begums of Bhopal and Their Mosques
    DOI: 10.15415/cs.2014.12007 Sacralizing the City: The Begums of Bhopal and their Mosques Jyoti Pandey Sharma Abstract Princely building ventures in post 1857 colonial India included, among others, construction of religious buildings, even as their patrons enthusiastically pursued the colonial modernist agenda. This paper examines the architectural patronage of the Bhopal Begums, the women rulers of Bhopal State, who raised three grand mosques in their capital, Bhopal, in the 19th and early 20th century. As Bhopal marched on the road to progress under the Begums’ patronage, the mosques heralded the presence of Islam in the city in the post uprising scenario where both Muslims and mosques were subjected to retribution for fomenting the 1857 insurrection. Bhopal’s mosques were not only sacred sites for the devout but also impacted the public realm of the city. Their construction drew significantly on the Mughal architectural archetype, thus affording the Begums an opportunity to assert themselves, via their mosques, as legitimate inheritors of the Mughal legacy, including taking charge of the latter’s legacy of stewardship of Islam. Today, the Bhopal mosques constitute an integral part of the city’s built heritage corpus. It is worth underscoring that they are not only important symbols of the Muslim faith but also markers of their patrons’ endeavour to position themselves at the forefront in the complex political and cultural scenario of post uprising colonial India. Keywords Bhopal Begums; Modernity; Mosques; Mughal legacy; Uprising INTRODUCTION The architecture of British ruled Indian Subcontinent has been a popular subject of scholarship from the colonial perspective with the architectural patronage of princely India also receiving due academic attention1.
    [Show full text]
  • Download List of Famous Mosques in India
    Famous Palaces in India Revised on 16-May-2018 ` Railways RRB Study Material (Download PDF) Mosque Location Jama Masjid (Bhilai) Bhilai, Chhattisgarh Jama Masjid Delhi Quwwatul Islam Masjid Delhi Moti Masjid (Red Fort) Delhi Quwwatul Islam Masjid Delhi Jamali Kamali Mosque and Tomb Delhi Sidi Sayyid Mosque Ahmedabad, Gujarat Sidi Bashir Mosque Ahmedabad, Gujarat Jamia Masjid Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir Hazratbal Shrine Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir Download Fathers of various fields in Science and Technology PDF Taj-ul-Masajid Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh Haji Ali Dargah Mumbai, Maharashtra Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra Ajmer, Rajasthan Ajmer Sharif Dargah Ajmer, Rajasthan Makkah Masjid Hyderabad, Telangana Gyanvapi Mosque Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh Moti Masjid (Agra Fort) Agra, Uttar Pradesh Nagina Masjid Agra, Uttar Pradesh (Gem Mosque or the Jewel Mosque) Jama Mosque (Fatehpur Sikri) Agra, Uttar Pradesh IBPS PO Free Mock Test 2 / 6 Railways RRB Study Material (Download PDF) Mosque Location Tomb of Salim Chishti Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh Bara Imambara Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Chota Imambara Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Beemapally Mosque Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala Cheraman Juma Mosque Thrissur, Kerala Other Places of Interest Tombs/ Mausoleums Location Taj Mahal Agra, Uttar Pradesh Tomb of Mariam-uz-Zamani Sikandra, Agra, Uttar Pradesh Tomb of Adam Khan Qutub Minar, Mehrauli, Delhi Bibi Ka Maqbara (Taj of Deccan) Aurangabad, Maharashtra *Humayun’s Tomb Delhi Download Modern India History Notes PDF Tomb of I'timād-ud-Daulah Agra, Uttar Pradesh (Baby Taj) Tomb of
    [Show full text]
  • ANSWERED ON:23.08.2007 HISTORICAL PLACES in up Verma Shri Bhanu Pratap Singh
    GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CULTURE LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO:1586 ANSWERED ON:23.08.2007 HISTORICAL PLACES IN UP Verma Shri Bhanu Pratap Singh Will the Minister of CULTURE be pleased to state: (a) the details of Centrally protected monuments in Uttar Pradesh (UP) at present; (b) the agency responsible for the maintenance of these places; (c) the amount spent on the maintenance of these monuments during the last three years; and (d) the details of revenue earned from these monuments during each of the last three years? Answer MINISTER FOR TOURISM AND CULTURE (SHRIMATI AMBIKA SONI) (a)&(b) There are 742 monuments/sites declared as of national importance in the Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) as per list at Annexure. Archaeological Survey of India looks after their proper upkeep, maintenance, conservation and preservation. (c) The expenditure incurred on conservation, preservation, maintenance and environmental development of these centrally protected monuments during the last three years is as under: Rupees in Lakhs Year Total 2004-05 1392.48 2005-06 331.14 2006-07 1300.36 (d) The details of revenue earned from these monuments during the last three years are as under: Rupees in Lakhs Year Total 2004-05 2526.33 2005-06 2619.92 2006-07 2956.46 ANNEXURE ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a)&(b) OF THE LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTIO NO.1586 FOR 23.8.2007 LIST OF CENTRALLY PROTECTED MONUMENTS IN UTTAR PRADESH Agra Circle Name of monument/site Locality District 1. Agra Fort Including Akbari Mahal Agra Agra Anguri Bagh Baoli of the Diwan-i-Am Quadrangle.
    [Show full text]
  • Golden Triangle with Tiger Safari
    Experience Cultural - Historical -Romantic Fantasy Tour of India - 2020 Day 01: ARRIVE DELHI ( Check in 1200 Hrs) On arrival at Indira Gandhi international airport, meet and greet by our representative. Later, assistance and transfer to hotel. Delhi - the capital of India, is a fascinating city with complexities and contradictions, beauty and dynamism, where the past co-exists with the present. Many dynasties ruled from here and the city s rich in the architecture of its monuments. Delhi is not only the present metropolis of India but also a Necropolis. Because of its location, being on the banks of the River Yamuna, many cities have risen and fallen over the last five millenniums. Overnight in Delhi Day 02: DELHI After breakfast proceed sightseeing tour of Old Delhi, drive past from the historic Red Fort (outside only) – Shah Jehan’s elegant citadel in red sandstone, which was built as an octagon measuring 900m by 550m and surrounded by a 9 –meter deep moat, which was at its inception fed by the waters of the Yamuna River. Very near the Fort is the JAMA MASJID, India’s largest mosque, also built by Shah Jahan. Take an interesting rickshaw ride through the famous bazaars of Chandni Chowk, which is adjacent to both the Fort and the Mosque. Also visit RAJ GHAT – the memorial to Mahatma Gandhi. Visit the Qutub Minar, a Tower of Victory which was built in the 12th century by Qutbuddin Aibak. Within its spacious courtyard stands the Iron Pillar, which dates back to the 4th century AD and bears a Sanskrit inscription in the Gupta style.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mughal Audience Hall: a Solomonic Revival of Persepolis in the Form of a Mosque1
    THE MUGHAL AUDIENCE HALL: A SOLOMONIC REVIVAL OF PERSEPOLIS IN THE FORM OF A MOSQUE1 Ebba Koch Shah Jahan’s Court After Shah Jahan (rul. 1628–58), the fifth emperor of the Mughal dynasty, was enthroned on 8th Jumada al-Thani of the Hijri year 1037, corresponding to 14 February 1628 CE, he issued an order that halls for his public audiences should be constructed in all the great fortress palaces of the capitals of the Mughal empire. The audience hall was a new building type in the Mughal palace, of central importance for the proceedings of the Mughal court and for the interaction of the emperor with his subjects. Under the rule of Shah Jahan, the Mughal empire entered its classi- cal phase of greatest prosperity and stability.2 The conquests of Babur (1526), enlarged and consolidated under Akbar (rul. 1556–1605) and Jahangir (rul. 1605–1627), had established the Empire of the Great Moghul (or Mughal) as one of the three leading powers of the Islamic world, the other two being the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia. The informal set up of Babur asprimus inter pares among his Central Asian followers, had—in particular through the efforts of Akbar— developed into the court of an absolute ruler who, as head of a cen- tralized state, personally and diligently oversaw the administration of 1 This paper is based on an earlier study of the audience halls of Shah Jahan with detailed references, see Ebba Koch, ‘Diwan-i ‘Amm and Chihil Sutun: The Audience Halls of Shah Jahan’, Muqarnas 11 (1994) pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistan) 4–9 October 2000
    Report on Mission to Evaluate the State of Conservation of the World Heritage Site of the SHALAMAR GARDENS Lahore (Pakistan) 4–9 October 2000 ROBERT DE JONG (President, ICOMOS International Committee on Historic Gardens and Landscapes) 49-51 rue de la Fédération - F-75015 Paris - France - Tel + 33 1 45 67 67 70 - Fax + 33 1 45 66 06 22 Report on Mission to Evaluate the State of Conservation of the World Heritage Site of the SHALAMAR GARDENS, Lahore (Pakistan) 1 BACKGROUND TO THE MISSION The mission concerned World Heritage Site (No. 171-172) – the Fort and Shalamar Gardens of Lahore (Pakistan) The reason for the mission was the information received by the UNESCO World Heritage Centre from the national authorities of Pakistan that the Department of Archaeology was proposing to "restore the demolished hydraulic works of Shalamar Gardens," and that the authorities "had expressed their intention to nominate two sites (ie the Fort and Shalamar Gardens of Lahore and Taxila) to the List of World Heritage in Danger" (Letter from the Director, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, to H.E. Mr Shararyar M. Khan, Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of Pakistan to France Permanent Delegation of Pakistan to UNESCO, 2 August 2000, WHC/74/400/ PKS/00/JT/425). The Centre and ICOMOS had also already considered sending a mission "to elaborate a comprehensive management plan for both the Fort and Shalamar Gardens of Lahore site and the Taxila site". During its 24th Session in Paris on 26 June–1 July 2000, the Bureau of the World Heritage Committee decided to request the World Heritage Centre and ICOMOS "to organise a reactive monitoring mission to the Fort and Shalamar Gardens." The Bureau, while "expressing its appreciation for the information received from the Pakistan authorities concerning its intentions to undertake corrective measures ..
    [Show full text]
  • Sheikhupura Fort: a Forgotten Monument1
    Scientific Cooperations International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 1, Issue 1, September 2015 SHEIKHUPURA FORT: A FORGOTTEN MONUMENT1 Mariam Saleem Farooqi Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Pakistan is a country with a rich cultural heritage built from the traditions of the scores of civilizations that have lived and thrived on its soil. Under each new ruler, art and architecture took on a new shape – learning from each other and growing. Sheikupura Fort in the Punjab province is a result of Mughal, Sikh and Hindu influences on the region. The crumbling structure is filled with exquisite frescoes depicting typical Sikh art, but ineffective preservation efforts from Pakistani and international authorities have put the entire Fort and the art contained within at risk of permanent ruin. This paper seeks to explore the mixed cultural and political history of the art through the intricate frescoes left behind on its walls and the themes used by the artisans of the time. Keywords: frescoes; heritage; preservation; Sikh; art 1. Introduction The Islamic Republic of Pakistan stands on soil that has seen the immense glory and majesty of many powerful empires of the past. Grand relics of these great empires lay scattered all across Pakistan – in small cities and large – in the form of palaces, forts, tombs, havelis2, etc. Unfortunately, many great treasures of the past have completely collapsed and are lost forever. The fault lies with careless handling, a lack of preservation, and a severe shortage of funds and hands willing to undertake any sort of restoration work on these monuments.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study of Agra
    TOURISMOS: AN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF TOURISM Volume 6, Number 2, Autumn 2011, pp. 139-158 UDC: 338.48+640(050) ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF TOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF AGRA Surabhi Srivastava1 University of Lucknow Tourism in its broadest generic sense can do more to develop understanding among the people, provide jobs, create foreign exchange and raise living standards than any other economic force. India is world famous for the city of Taj -Agra. There are a number of other tourists attractions like Agra Fort, Itmad-ud- daula's tomb, Bharatpur Sanctuary, Sikandara, Fatehpur Sikri etc which have equal historical and architectural significance but tourists are not aware of about all these places and monuments. The focus of this paper is on the economic benefits accruing to the state byway of tourist's arrivals to Agra. Though Agra receives maximum number of tourists but except Taj Mahal they are not aware about other monuments. This study will evaluate the reasons of lacking in economic benefits from tourism and also analyse the tourist’ problems facing at Agra. Key Words: Economic, Potential, Tourism, Agra, Taj Mahal. JEL Classification: L83, M1, O1 INTRODUCTION Tourism is a field of human activity known to mankind from time immemorial. It cuts across barriers of caste, colour, creed and builds universal brotherhood. The world's oldest industry is also one of the largest and fastest growing industries today. In general terms travel is referred to any movement of one or more people from one point to another. There is not much difference between tourism and travel; in general both terms are used as synonyms (Nanthakumar et al, 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • The Age of Akbar
    CHAPTER 3 THE AGE OF AKBAR MUGHAL THEORIES OF KINGSHIP AND STATE POLITY Akbar is generally recognized as the greatest and most capable of the Mughal rulers. Under him Mughal polity and statecraft reached maturity; and under his guidance the Mughals changed from a petty power to a major dynastic state. From his time to the end of the Mughal period, artistic production on both an imperial and sub-imperial level was closely linked to notions of state polity, religion and kingship. Humayun died in 1556, only one year after his return to Hindustan. Upon hearing the call to prayers, he slipped on the steep stone steps of the library in his Din-Panah citadel in Delhi. Humayun's only surviving son and heir- apparent, Akbar, then just fourteen years of age, ascended the throne and ruled until 1605 the expanding Mughal empire. Until about 1561, Akbar was under the control of powerful court factions, first his guardian, Bhairam Khan, and then the scheming Maham Anga, a former imperial wet-nurse. Between about 1560 and 1580, Akbar devoted his energies to the conquest and then the con- solidation of territory in north India. This he achieved through battle, marriage, treaty and, most significantly, administrative reform. Concurrent with these activities, Akbar developed an interest in religion that, while initially a personal concern, ultimately transformed his concept of state. Many of the policies he adopted, such as the renunciation of the poll-tax (jiziya) for non- Muslims, had a solid political basis as well as a personal one, for Akbar, much more than his Mughal predecessors, saw every advantage in maintaining good relations with the Hindu majority.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Tourism & Northern Studies MAKING LAHORE A
    Department of Tourism & Northern Studies MAKING LAHORE A BETTER HERITAGE TOURIST DESTINATION Muhammad Arshad Master thesis in Tourism- November 2015 Abstract In recent past, tourism has become one of the leading industries of the world. Whereas, heritage tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors in tourism industry. The tourist attractions especially heritage attractions play an important role in heritage destination development. Lahore is the cultural hub of Pakistan and home of great Mughal heritage. It is an important heritage tourist destination in Pakistan, because of the quantity and quality of heritage attractions. Despite having a great heritage tourism potential in Lahore the tourism industry has never flourished as it should be, because of various challenges. This Master thesis is aimed to identify the potential heritage attractions of Lahore for marketing of destination. Furthermore, the challenges being faced by heritage tourism in Lahore and on the basis of empirical data and theoretical discussion to suggest some measures to cope with these challenges to make Lahore a better heritage tourist destination. To accomplish the objectives of this thesis, various theoretical perspectives regarding tourist destination development are discussed in this thesis including, destination marketing and distribution, pricing of destination, terrorism effects on destination, image and authenticity of destination. The empirical data is collected and analyze on the basis of these theories. Finally the suggestions are made to make Lahore a better heritage tourist destination. Key words: Heritage tourism, tourist attractions, tourist destination, destination marketing, destination image, terrorism, authenticity, Lahore. 2 | Page Acknowledgement Working with this Master thesis has been very interesting and challenging at a time.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatehpur Sikri
    Fatehpur Sikri Fatehpur Sikri Fort Fatehpur Sikri fort and city was built by Mughal Emperor Akbar. He made it his capital and later shifted his capital to Agra. It was the same place where Akbar declared his nine jewels or Navaratna. The city is built on Mughal architecture. This tutorial will let you know about the history of Fatehpur Sikri along with the structures present inside. You will also get the information about the best time to visit it along with how to reach the city. Audience This tutorial is designed for the people who would like to know about the history of Fatehpur Sikri along with the interiors and design of the city. This city is visited by many people from India and abroad. Prerequisites This is a brief tutorial designed only for informational purpose. There are no prerequisites as such. All that you should have is a keen interest to explore new places and experience their charm. Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2016 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute, or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial.
    [Show full text]
  • Mystical India with Festival of Colors (Arrival India on 26 March)
    Mystical India with Festival of Colors (Arrival India on 26 March) Overview & Itinerary MAR 26 - EUROPE - DELHI Arrival in Delhi, transfer to the hotel and accommodation. MAR 27 - IN DELHI Breakfast. In the morning visit the Jama Masjid, the largest mosque in India, in the heart of Old Delhi. We will take a photo stop at the Red Fort and approach the Raj Ghat, the place where Gandhi was cremated, and the Sikh temple. Overview of government buildings along the Raj Path and the imposing Gateway of India. To complete our tour we visit the impressive 72-meter Qutub Minar Minaret. Tall. Dinner at the hotel. MAR 28 - DELHI - Shahpura - JAIPUR Breakfast. Departure by road to Jaipur, the "Pink City, before arriving in Jaipur we will stop at Shahpura village to visit a traditional Rajasthan palace and have lunch. Arrival and check-in at the hotel. In the afternoon, we will go to the city to see the Holi bonfires. Dinner at the hotel. MAR 29 - JAIPUR - Festival of Colors. www.indiaplus.travel Breakfast. Today the festival of colors is celebrated, we will participate in the party from 09:00 to 12:00 hrs. in the city. We return to the hotel. Lunch at hotel. NOTE - This party depends on the Lunar calendar and sometimes there is a variation in the celebration date, in case the date changes, this party will be celebrated in the city that falls. In the afternoon, we will visit the Birla temple to see the Aarti ceremony. Dinner at the hotel. MAR 30 - JAIPUR - AMBER - JAIPUR Breakfast.
    [Show full text]