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Period 2: 1607-1754 Apush – Ms PERIOD 2: 1607-1754 APUSH – MS. JUSTICE - BHS COMPETING MODELS OF COLONIZATION COMPETING MODELS OF COLONIZATION FAILURE & SUCCESS IN VIRGINIA ENGLAND’S ATTEMPTS TO OUTMANEUVER SPAIN IN N. AM. Roanoke • John White • 1587 • 1590 -no trace of the colonists. ENGLAND’S ATTEMPTS TO OUTMANEUVER SPAIN IN N. AM. Jamestown • First permanent English settlement • 1607 • John Smith: “He who does not work, shall not eat.” • John Rolfe & Pocahontas • Tobacco RELIGIOUS MOTIVATIONS FOR COLONIZATION Plymouth colony • 1620 • present-day Massachusetts • Pilgrims • Mayflower Compact: a “civil body politic” • 1621 – the “first Thanksgiving” CHESAPEAKE SOCIETY ROYAL COLONY vs. PROPRIETARY COLONY Virginia was a royal colony. Maryland was a proprietary colony. Catholic “haven” in the New World. LABOR SHORTAGES & INDENTURED SERVANTS • High death rates • Indenture contract • Headright system • Exploitation of labor BACON’S REBELLION • 1676 • English/Native American conflicts on the frontier • Low tobacco prices • High taxes • Massacred Indians • Burned Jamestown • Looted plantations • Outcome: highlighted 2 disputes in colonial Virginia DOC. 2.10 – NATHANIEL BACON’S “DECLARATION AGAINST GOVERNOR WILLIAM BERKELEY” ▪ Read Document 2.10 ▪ Highlight/underline important ideas ▪ Look up any words you do not know or understand ▪ On a separate sheet of notebook paper, respond to the “Practicing Historical Thinking” questions at the bottom of the page ▪ Read Document 2.13 (on the back) for Monday FROM SERVITUDE TO SLAVERY • Changes in slave laws 1640-1660 • Changing ideas about race PURITANISM A CITY UPON A HILL • 1630 • Massachusetts Bay Company / Boston • Puritan-dominated, self-governing NEW ENGLAND WAYS education public conversion experience mandatory church attendance PURITAN INTOLERANCE Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson ECONOMIC & RELIGIOUS TENSIONS IN NEW ENGLAND ECONOMIC TENSIONS • Diversified economy • Desire for prosperity • “Outlivers” RELIGIOUS TENSIONS • Halfway covenant • Pure saints vs. Puritan power EXPANSION & NATIVE AMERICANS PEQUOT WAR PEQUOT WAR We often look at the settlers of New England as religious, pious, and peaceful peoples. We mythologize the first Thanksgiving and the relationship between the Pilgrims and the Native Americans, yet the Pequot War tells a very different story. Why do you believe we are so quick to forget this important part of the history of Puritan settlers and embrace the mythology that we learned in grade school of the peaceful and freedom-seeking pilgrims? KING PHILIP’S WAR PRAYING TOWNS THE SPREAD OF SLAVERY THE WEST INDIES CAROLINA THE MIDDLE COLONIES NEW NETHERLAND & NEW SWEDEN THE BEAVER WARS NEW YORK & NEW JERSEY James, Duke of York / King James II QUAKER PENNSYLVANIA RIVALS FOR NORTH AMERICA: FRANCE & SPAIN FRANCE CLAIMS A CONTINENT • Jesuit missionaries • Good Indian relations • Fur trade/voyaguers • 1702 - Mobile NEW MEXICO • 1680 • Pueblo Revolt • 1692 – Spanish “reconquered” Santa Fe • 1700 – Pueblo resistance conquered • Encomienda abolished REBELLION & WAR THE DOMINION OF NEW ENGLAND King Charles II Gov. Edmund Andros King James II THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION William & Mary LEISLER’S REBELLION A GENERATION OF WAR Queen Anne’s War, 1702-1713 COLONIAL ECONOMIES & SOCIETIES MERCANTILISM POPULATION GROWTH 1700 1750 English: 250,000 1,170,000 (20% were slaves) French: 15,000 60,000 Spanish: 4,500 19,000 SLAVERY SLAVERY & THE MIDDLE PASSAGE SLAVERY STONO REBELLION RURAL VS. URBAN LIFE RURAL VS. URBAN LIFE COMPETING FOR A CONTINENT FRANCE & THE AMERICAN HEARTLAND BRITISH EXPANSION: GEORGIA SPAIN’S BORDERLANDS PUBLIC LIFE IN BRITISH AMERICA COLONIAL POLICIES • Self-government • Religious tolerance • No hereditary aristocracy • Social mobility THE ENLIGHTENMENT & GREAT AWAKENING THE ENLIGHTENMENT THE GREAT AWAKENING George Whitefield Jonathan Edwards .
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