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Project Report State of Call ornia The Resources Agency DEPART ET OF ATER RESOURCES Central Dis rict INTERAGENCY DELTA HEALTH ASPECTS MONITORING PROGRAM PROJECT REPORT ecember 1986 Gordon K. Van Vleck George Deu mejian David N. Kennedy Secretary lor Re ourc Governor Dlfec or THE RESOLRCES AGE CY 5TATE OF CAL OANIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOLRCES Copies of this report at $4.00 each may be ordered from: State of california Department: of ater R sources P. O. Box 942836 sacramento CA 94236-0001 payable to of ater Resource • California residents add al tax. State of California The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Central District INTERAGENCY DELTA HEALTH ASPECTS MONITORING PROGRAM PROJECT REPORT December 1986 Gordon K. Van Vleck George Deukmejian David N. Kennedy Secretary for Resources Governor Director THE RESOURCES AGENCY STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES Portions of this report were prepared with the assistance of Marvin Jung and Associates Contract B-55923 Technical assistance provided in the amount of $5,100 r- , FOREWORD In 1982, the Department of Water Resources appointed a panel of scientists to evaluate the human health aspects of using Delta water supplies. The panel concluded that there was insufficient data on many important factors and contaminant sources that could affect water quality. Some of these factors include tidal action and riverflows, agricultural drainages, pesticide use, waste water discharges, and water movement within the Delta. The panel recommended a program to develop a comprehensive analytical model that would incorporate and analyze these factors. In April 1983, the Interagency Delta Health Aspects Monitoring Program was initiated in response to the panel's recommendation. The program is now in its fourth year of monitoring and examining the effects of natural and man-related events on the quality of Delta water supplies. The 1986 Project Report describes program activities and presents findings for data collected between January 1985 and June 1986. Study results indicate that Delta water supplies are generally of acceptable quality with respect to the levels of chemical contaminants and minerals '-- that may affect human health. The program should continue to provide needed information on sources of degradation of Delta water supplies. The program's combined activities of monitoring and investigating water quality changes are invaluable to water resource planning and protection. ~ <-(. /Y7,.~ James U. McDaniel Chief, Central District iii CONTENTS FOREWORD iii ORGANIZATION viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix SUMMARY 1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 3 CHAPTER 2. FINDINGS 7 CHAPTER 3. RECOMMENDATIONS 9 CHAPTER 4. PROGRAM TASKS AND RESULTS 11 Water Quality and Tidal Effects Studies 11 Health Aspects Water Quality Monitoring (Task WQ1) 11 Characterization of Water Sources (Task WQ2) 12 Study of Tidal Effects on Export Water Quality (Task WQ3) 14 Effects of Agriculture on Water Quality Studies 22 Locating Irrigation Return Water Discharges (Task AG2) 22 San Joaquin River Monitoring (Task AG3) 28 Selected Pesticide Monitoring (Task AG4) 31 Modeling Pesticide Fate and Transport (Task AG5) 32 Health Effects Database on Selected Chemicals (Task AG6) 32 v Waste Waters, THMs, and Modeling Studies 35 Survey Major Waste Water Dischargers (Task WDl) 35 Assess THM (Trihalomethane) Formation Potential (Task TRl) 37 Use of Existing Water Quality Models (Task MODI) 38 REFERENCES 41 Tables 1 Program Tasks to Address Specific Concerns 4 2 Mineral Data 20 3 Agricultural Drainage Quality 26 4 Minor Elements in Lower San Joaquin River and Tributaries 30 5 Selenium Reduction Experiment 31 6 Vernalis Station Pesticide Monitoring Data 31 7 Pesticide Monitoring Data, 1985 and 1986 33 8 Pesticide Toxicity Information 34 9 Sacramento Retional Waste Water Treatment Plant Monthly Average Effluent Data 35 10 Sacramento River Water Quality at Greene's Landing and at Hood 36 11 Trihalomethane Formation Potentials 37 Figures 1 Station Locations 13 2 Rock Slough and Exported Water EC and Salt Ratios 15 3 Middle River and Exported Water EC and Salt Ratios 16 4 Sacramento River EC and Salt Ratios 17 5 Sacramento and San Joaquin River Flows and Salt Ratios 18 vi 6 South Delta Export Water EC and Salt Ratios 19 7 Tidal Effects Study Sampling Sites 21 8 Empire Tract 23 9 Grand Island and Tyler Island Pump Stations 24 10 Agricultural Drainage EC and Salt Ratios 25 11 Irrigation Return Water Pump Stations 27 12 Selenium Reduction Experiment Sampling Locations 29 APPENDIX A. MONITORING PROGRAM DATA 43 APPENDIX B. FIELD SAMPLING PROCEDURES 57 APPENDIX C. LABORATORY QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURES 63 APPENDIX D. LABORATORY PERFORMANCE 1985-86 73 APPENDIX E. TIDAL EFFECTS STUDY FIELD MEASUREMENTS 93 APPENDIX F. PESTICIDE MONITORING SELECTION SCHEME 101 APPENDIX G. U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WATER QUALITY MODELS 109 State of California GEORGE DEUKMEJIAN, GOVERNOR Th.e ~$ourcesAgeIlcy GORDON K. VAN VLECK, Secretary for Resources Department of Water Resources DAVID N. KENNEDY, Director John P. Caffrey Ro bert,G.Pq t ter Ro bertE•.Whit ing Deputy Director Deputy Director Deputy Director Salle S. Jantz Robert W. James Assistant Director Chi~f Goun~e:I. DIVISION OF PLANNING Arthur C. Gooch . Chief CENTRAL DISTRICT James U. McDaniel . District Chief Robert L. McDonell Chief, Planning and Technical Services Branch This report was prepared unde:r the supervision' of: B. J. Archer . Chief, Water Quality and Reuse Section By: Marvin Jung, Water Quality Consultant Marvin Jung and Associates Sacramento With the assistance of: Richard Woodard Environmental Specialist IV William J. McCune Water Resources Engineering Associate Michael Sutliff Jr. Sanitary Engineer Michael Finch • . Graduate Student Assistant Elizabeth A. Kingery . Student Assistant Report editing and typing provided by: Vera L. Padjen Research Writer Pamela S. Casselman . Senior Word Processing Technician viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Department of Water Resources has been the lead agency conducting the Interagency Delta Health Aspects Monitoring Program and has been provided with a combination of funding and technical assistance from the Department of Health Services, City of Stockton, East Bay Municipal Utility District, U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, and water contractors of the State Water Project. A Technical Advisory Group has guided the program staff in setting project priorities and activities. MEMBER LIST DELTA HEALTH ASPECTS MONITORING PROGRAM TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP Name Title Organization B. J. Archer Chief, Water Quality & Department of Water Resources Reuse Section Central District Keith E. Carns Manager, Water Quality East Bay Municipal Utility &Distribution Planning District John Coburn Staff Engineer State Water Contractors James Crook, Ph.D. St aff Engineer Department of Health Services Isabel Gloege Chief, Water Quality Santa Clara Valley Water Section District Marvin Jung Consultant U. S. Bureau of Reclamation Michael Lanier Supervisor, Water Quality Alameda County Water District Michael J. McGuire, Director, Water Quality The Metropolitan Water Ph.D. District of Southern California William B. Mitchell Chief, Water Quality Department of Water Resources Section Division of Operations & Maintenance Benjamin Tamplin, Chief, Sanitation & Department of Health Services Ph.D. Radiation Laboratory Berkeley Michael Volz, Ph.D. Quality Assurance Officer Department of Health Services Sanitation & Radiation Berkeley Laboratory Harris Teshima Chief, Water Systems Alameda County Flood Control Engineering & Water Conservation District, Zone 7 Richard Woodard Environmental Specialist Department of Water Resources Central District :Lx SUMMARY In 1982 the Department of Water This project report of the monitoring Resources appointed a scientific program describes activities from advisory panel to examine human health January 1985 through June 1986 and aspects related to the use of water presents current findings. supplies from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. The panel submitted a Monitoring data showed selenium, pesti­ report with several long-term recommen­ cides, and sodium levels in Delta water dations for monitoring and studying the supplies are below drinking water stan­ water quality of the Delta. The panel dards or Department of Health Services had specific concerns about the effects action levels. from waste discharges, riverflow condi­ tions, pesticides, ocean water intru­ By examining the electrical conductiv­ sion, agricultural drainage, and water ity and chloride to sodium ion ratios, project operations. The Interagency water sources were identified. The Delta Health Aspects Monitoring Program data showed that the interaction of was initiated in July 1983 in response tidal excursions and Sacramento River to the panel report. flow during the summer had a signifi­ cant effect on the quality of water Several tasks were undertaken to meet exported by the Delta-Mendota Canal and specific concerns of the 1982 scien­ Banks Pumping Plant facilities. During tific advisory panel. Separate tasks the last half of 1985, export water was were developed to: predominantly a mixture of Sacramento River water blended with San Francisco o Monitor pesticide contaminants in Bay tide water. The effect of San water, Joaquin River water on export water quality was not apparent. o Study effects of tides and riverflow on export water quality, Agricultural drain water and irrigation return water could be significant o Characterize and track water sources sources of trihalomethane precursor and movement,
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