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January 2018 National Boer War Memorial Association National Patron: Air Chief Marshal Mark Binskin AC Volume 1, Issue 1 Chief of the Defence Force Monumentally Speaking - Queensland Edition Committee Newsletter - Volume 11, No. 1 Queensland Chairman’s Report Welcome to our first Queensland Newsletter of 2018; in The inaugural meeting of the new committee was held on th fact, the first newsletter of the new committee. Monday, 27 November, 2017, at the Sherwood- Indooroopilly RSL Sub-Branch. I am Gordon Bold, Chairman of the new Queensland Committee. Just to keep you up to speed, a little back- In Queensland, we are hoping to evolve into some form of ground first, leading up to the appointment of a new a Boer War „Descendants & Supporters‟ Association (a committee… new name is yet to be finalised). The new committee intend meeting quarterly. However, at the moment we Now that the Boer War Memorial in Canberra has been are still under the guidance and advice of previous com- built and dedicated, the role of the Queensland Boer mittee members as the NBWMA still exists, due to a num- War Memorial Association (QBWMA) needed to revisit ber of issues that need resolution, prior to 30th June, its charter. Was it to be disbanded, now that the Mem- 2018. It is envisaged the NBWMA will then step down. orial in Canberra is complete, or continued, with a differ- ent charter? The Committee decided to continue with the previous th financial support arrangements. Members are invited to On Sunday 17 September, a meeting was held at the show their support by continuing their financial contribu- Sherwood-Indooroopilly RSL Sub-Branch. The subject tions. These funds are primarily used to cover the cost of of futures was broached and put forward. It was consid- the newsletter. ered beneficial for the QBWMA to continue, but with a slightly different charter. The new committee would like to take the opportunity to update its list of association members. You are therefore It was also considered necessary and beneficial in invited to indicate your intent of continued support. maintaining the memory and history of the Boer War. This is to ensure our current and future generations are Due to the fact our charter is to change slightly, there are th aware of Australia‟s commitment to the first major over- numerous issues yet to be resolved, prior to the 30 seas conflict to involve Australian and New Zealand June. However, we still intend to forge ahead as best as troops. possible. Based on our initial plans our schedule for this year is as follows: Initially, as separate Colonies of Australia, Queensland was the first Colony to volunteer service and the second Commemoration Ceremony for “The Battle for Onver- to arrive in South Africa. However, after the 1st Janu- wacht Hills” at St Matthew‟s Anglican Cemetery, Sher- ary, 1901, Australian contingents were then members of wood – 1st February 2018 at 10:00 am. the Federation of Australia. These brave men and st women, who served in the 2nd Anglo-Boer War, are Committee Meeting - 1 February 2018 at Sherwood often referred to as the „Fathers of ANZACs‟. Indooroopilly RSL Sub-Branch sometime after the Onverwacht Commemoration Ceremony. At this meeting, the old committee stood down and a new committee was appointed. The new committee is Boer War Memorial Service Brisbane ANZAC Square - st currently made up as follows: 31 May 2018; at 10:00 am. Chairman - Gordon Bold Committee Meeting to follow the Memorial Service in st Secretary - Rev. Pierre van Blommestein Brisbane - 31 May 2018. Treasurer (Membership, Researcher and Newsletter Committee Meeting - August 2018 (date yet to be Editor) - Jennie Jones determined) at Gaythorne RSL. Member (Military Historian and Newsletter Contributor) - nd Mick O‟Mallon Seminar – 22 September Sherwood-Indooroopilly RSL at 1:00 pm – 5:00 pm, including refreshments. The new committee are dedicated to evolve from the Committee Meeting - October/November building of a memorial, to an association committed to (date yet to be determined). maintaining the memory and history of the Boer War; focus being descendants and supporters of the Boer War. Gordon Bold Cont. Queensland Chairman Correspondence and Donations to: - The Treasurer, Boer War Memorial Association, c/o P. O. Box 100, Corinda, Qld. 4075 1 Daniël Johannes Stephanus ‘Danie’ Theron the Cape Colony thought they were still allies of the Hero of the Anglo Boer War British not realising the Netherlands had fallen to Gordon Bold France. Admiral Elphinstone, commander of the British Fleet, requested Governor Abraham Sluysken and Colo- nel Gordon to visit his ship and receive a letter from the In the Beginning… Prince William V. Governor Abraham Sluysken was The English word Commando stems from Afrikaans (langu- cautious. Admiral Elphinstone follow-ed up by sending age spoken by the Boers), which translates roughly to ‘militia Governor Sluysken the alleged letter from the Prince of unit of skirmishers’, generally mounted. Many historians in- Orange commanding him to give up the colony to the correctly believe Commandos were a product of the First An- protection of Great Britain. An order from a fugitive glo-Boer War established by the Boers of the Zuid- prince, written in England, had no legal validity. Gover- Afrikaansche Republiek(ZAR - South African Republicalso nor Abraham Sluysken had no choice but to defend the known as the Transvaal Republic). In fact the Commando Cape Colony. System as it became known dates back to the beginning… The battle of Muizenberg began in June 1795, and After the Dutch Cape Colony was established in 1652, by VOC ended three months later with the (first) British occu- (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie)the Dutch East India pation of the VOC Cape Colony. By comparison to the Company, the word Kommando was used to describe bands battles in Europe, the battle of Muizenberg was a small of militia. In 1658, all able bodied men were conscripted, in military operation yet a significant militarily strategic order to protect the settlement from invasion and Hottentot and political expedition. Colonel Robert Jacob Gordon incursion. All men in the colony were liable for military ser- was commander of the Cape garrison at the time. As vice and were expected to be ready on short notice. By 1700, commander of the garrison, Colonel Gordon was res- the size of the colony had increased immensely,borders had ponsible for the defence of the Cape. The VOC forces stretched and divided into districts. The small military garri- had only around three days to prepare for war; result- son stationed at the Castle of Good Hope (Kasteel de Goede ing in the VOC commandos being defeated, and thus Hoop) couldn't be depended on to react swiftly in the border began the first British occupation of the Cape Colony. districts; thus introducing a system of militia where each dis- trict had its own Kommando (commando). At the Peace Treaty of Amiens in 1802, which resulted in the end of the French Revolutionary Wars, one of the The first ‘Kommando-wet’ (Commando Law) was instated by treaty terms returned the Cape Colony, along with all VOC. Chartered settlements and similar laws were main- captured Dutch colonies except Ceylon, to the Batavian tained through the independent Boer Republic; the Orange Republic… Free State and South African Republic (Transvaal Republic). The law compelled ‘Burghers’ (Citizens) to equip themselves The Battle of Blaauwberg, also known as the Battle of with a horse and a firearm when required for defence. The Cape Town was fought near Cape Town on 8th January implementation of these laws was called the ‘Kommando- 1806. It was an incident associated with Europe's Napo- stelsel’ (Commando System), which generally resulted in a leonic Wars. At that time, the Cape Colony belonged to group of mounted militiamen (mounted light infantry regi- the Batavian Republic, part of the French Empire. ments) organised in a unit known as a commando (ʼn Because the sea route around the Cape was important Kommando) and headed by a Kommandant (Commandant), to the British, a strategic decision was made to prevent who was normally elected from inside the unit.British French control of the colony and the sea route. A British experience with this system lead to the widespread adoption fleet was despatched to the Cape in July 1805, to fore- of the word ‘commandeer’ into English in the 1880s. stall French troopships which Napoleon had sent to rein- The British in one way or the other confronted Boer Com- force the Cape garrison. mandos (Kommandos) on two major occasions, long before At the time Lieutenant-General Jhr. Jan Willem Janssens the First and SecondAnglo-Boer Wars: was Governor of the Cape Colony. He was under no The Battle of Muizenberg took place in 1795 as part of impression he had the ability to defeat the British ex- the French Revolutionary Wars (1792-1802). In March peditionary force, led by Lieutenant-General Sir David 1793, France declared war on Great Britain and the Baird, yet placed his garrison on alert. When the main House of Orange. Abraham Josias Sluyskenwas at the fleet sailed into Table Bay on 4th January 1806, he mobi- time Governor of the Colony.The Cape Colony was ad- lised the garrison, declared martial law and called up the ministered from two towns, Cape Town on Table Bay militia (Boer Commandos). Sir David Baird landed at facing west and Simon's Town on False Bay facing south. Melkbosstrand north of Cape Town, on 6th and 7th Janu- Defended by a garrison of Dutch regular soldiers, VOC ary. Lieutenant-General Janssens moved his forces to militia (which included VOC personnel and mercenaries), intercept the British even though he had decided; Boer Commandos and the Hottentot Corps.
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