ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS

Volume 63 96 Number 3, 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563030861

CARABID (CARABIDAE) IN AN ABANDONED QUARRY NEAR ČELECHOVICE NA HANÉ

Pavla Šťastná1, Lucie Nováková1

1 Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno,

Abstract

ŠŤASTNÁ PAVLA, NOVÁKOVÁ LUCIE. 2015. Carabid Beetles (Carabidae) in an Abandoned Quarry Near Čelechovice na Hané. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 63(3): 861– 866.

Between 2012 and 2013 a research of carabid beetles was performed in an abandoned quarry Státní lom (Čelechovice na Hané). Capturing was conducted at three plots with early succession and at three plots with advanced succession using formaldehyde pitfall traps. In total, 42 species in the total number of 867 specimens were collected at all plots in both years. Overall eurytopic species prevailed. Among the major species, the following were detected Cylindera germanica (VU), irregularis (NT), C. scheidleri, and C. ullrichii. The quarry is mostly colonized by species preferring open habitats. Species that require unshaded habitats and species indiff erent to shading occurred especially on the quarry terraces and on its outskirts. Species requiring shaded habitats, typically forest species, were found in the vicinity of the quarry and inside the quarry where a lot of bushes were growing.

Keywords: Carabid beetles, quarry, Čelechovice na Hané

INTRODUCTION habitat for reintroduction of the extinct Parnassius Post-industrial and other anthropogenic habitats apollo (Beneš et al., 2003). Spiders were studied by are sometimes seen as a symbol of degradation e.g. Tropek (2007), Tropek & Konvička (2008), Hula of natural environment. But it turns out that, & Šťastná (2010b), Košulič et al. (2013), orthoptera for example abandoned quarries, mine dumps, by Wagner et al. (2005), small mammals by Rathke ash disposal sites or highway embankments, & Bröring (2005). At present, probably the most are frequently colonized by unique famous work is that by Tropek et al. (2008) who communities with a large proportion of rare and found that carabid beetles respond positively to endangered species that fi nd optimal conditions rehabilitation of a quarry, while spiders respond here. They are mostly thermophilous species. In the negatively and that the most valuable species of Czech Republic, certain invertebrate species cannot spiders inhabit just unreclaimed quarries or habitats be even found elsewhere than in post-industrial sites in the immediate vicinity, colonization by carabid – they are missing in the current cultural landscape, beetles takes considerably longer. i.e. in woods, meadows and fi elds, sometimes even The present work evaluates diff erences in species in protected areas with relatively well-preserved and quantitative representation of Carabidae natural conditions (Tropek & Řehounek, 2012). in areas of limestone quarry in various stages A total of 69 endangered species of invertebrates of succession. It assesses the representation of and plants in the evaluation of diff erent methods bioindication groups and assesses carabids in terms for habitat restoration was detected in limestone of light preference. quarries in Český kras (Tropek et al., 2010). 27 endangered butterfl y species were found in MATERIAL AND METHODS limestone quarries located in southern and central The research was conducted in the quarry Státní Moravia. Quarries have provided a replacement lom. This is an abandoned quarry located 1.5 km

861 862 Pavla Šťastná, Lucie Nováková

northwest of Čelechovice na Hané (distr. Prostějov, performed on (dd/mm/yyyy) 23/4/2012, 22/5/2012, Czech Republic). The quarry is declared a natural 19/6/2012, 26/7/2012, 24/8/2012, 25/9/2012, monument. It is situated at an altitude of 260 to 31/10/2012, in 2013 on 24/5/2013, 19/6/2013, 318 m and its area is 0.57 ha. GPS coordinates 49º 31’ 23/7/2013, 16/8/2013, 26/9/2013. A er collection, 53”N, E 17º 05’ 08”E, faunistic square 6468 (Pruner & material was converted into a permanent fi xation Míka, 1996). In the past, limestone was mined here in 70% alcohol. Determination of species of the and subsequently the quarry served for storing road Carabidae was performed by the authors hereof gravel, foundry slag and used tires. As the nature using Hůrka’s (1996) monograph. The nomenclature reserve was established, the area was rehabilitated. is according to Vigna Taglianti (2012). Nearby the quarry there is brown earth, inside the Pursuant to Hůrka et al. (1996), species were quarry initial stages of rendzic and leptosol with classifi ed into three indication groups (R, A, carbonate content have developed (Šafář et al., 2003). E) according to their ecological valency and In order to capture carabid beetles, formaldehyde dependence on the habitat. Species in the R group pitfall traps with a detergent as a wetting agent were are stenotopic species with the narrowest ecological used. In the quarry, pitfall traps were placed in three valency, mostly rare and endangered species of lines at six plots. Three plots were in habitats with natural, intact ecosystems. Group A is characterized early succession: one line directly in the quarry (plot by adaptable species occurring in habitats close to 4), one at the edge of the quarry (plot 5), and one in natural state. The last bioindication group E includes the vicinity of the quarry (plot 6) and three other eurytopic species that have no special demands on lines were in habitats with advanced succession: one the quality of environment (species of unstable and line again directly in the quarry (plot 1), one at the changing habitats, habitats strongly infl uenced by edge of the quarry (plot 2) and one in the vicinity of human activities). the quarry (plot 3). Description of Individual Plots RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Plot 1 was a steep scree fi eld at the bottom edge In total, 42 species with 867 specimens were of the wall with a minimum of soil. The plot was collected at all plots in both years. In 2012, covered by rather advanced succession, there were 28 species in the number of 417 specimens and in shrubs and steppe species intermingled. The total 2013, 32 species in the number of 450 specimens coverage was 70%. Signifi cant representation was were trapped at all plots. The least species and detected for Arrhenatherum elatius and Bromus erectus, specimens were caught at plot 4 (2012 – 5 species, less frequent were Prunus domestica and Cornus 8 specimens, 2013 – 3 species, 3 specimens) and sanguinea. Plot 2 was located at the quarry top edge plot 5 (2012 – 2 species, 6 specimens, 2013 – with normal soil. There were steppe formations and 4 species, 11 specimens). The most species and shrubbery. The total coverage was 95%. The most specimens were collected at plot 3 (2012 – 18 species, signifi cantly represented was Arrhenatherum elatius, 172 specimens, 2013 – 22 species, 202 specimens). to a lower extent Crataegus sp., Agrimonia eupatoria, An overview of collected species at individual plots Centaurea stoebe, Helictotrichon desertorum, and Salvia for both years of research is shown in Tab. I. pratensis. Plot 3 was located at the top edge with Overall, all studied areas were dominated by normal soil and humus. It was covered by a dense eurytopic species (56%) over adaptable species shrubbery full of nitrophytes. The total coverage (39%), relict species accounted for 5% (Fig. 1). Relict was 95%. The most abundant were Sambucus nigra species detected included Carabus irregularis on and Ballota nigra, less frequent representation was of plot 4 (1 specimen) and rufomarginatus at plot Acer negundo, Geum urbanum, Heracleum sphondylium, 3 (10 specimens). and Glechoma hederacea. Plot 4 covered mining rubble One species from among vulnerable (VU) – under the quarry wall with a predominance of Cylindera germanica (Veselý et al., 2005) was recorded boulders, almost without soil. The total coverage which is also a species under special protection of was 10%. More abundant were Fraxinus excelsior and Decree No. 395/1992 Coll. as amended by Decree Bromus erectus. Plot 5 included dry steppe vegetation No. 175/2006 Coll. Further, a near threatened on gravel subsoil and rocks near the edge of the species was identifi ed (NT – Carabus irregularis) that middle terrace. The total coverage was 65%. The most is also protected under Decree 395/1992 Coll. as signifi cant representation included Arrhenatherum amended by Decree 175/2006 Coll. Other identifi ed elatius and Bromus erectus. To a lesser extent, there species protected under Decree No. 395/1992 Coll. was Festuca rubra. Plot 6 was grassland vegetation at as amended by Decree No. 175/2006 Coll. were the edge of the terrace on stony ground, with a thin Carabus scheidleri a C. ullrichii. soil cover. The total coverage was 70%. The most Overall, all surveyed plots were dominated by signifi cant representation was of Bromus erectus species that require the unshaded open habitats and Cornus sanguinea. To a lesser extent, there were (56%) over species indiff erent (22%) and forest Anthyllis vulneraria and Arrhenatherum elatius. species (22%, Fig. 2). Forest species were rather Samples were collected at monthly intervals abundant at plot 3 and plot 1. between 2012 and 2013 in the growing season. Due to the open nature of the quarry habitat, Collections from the pitfall traps in 2012 were primarily species that require unshaded habitats Carabid Beetles (Carabidae) in an Abandoned Quarry Near Čelechovice na Hané 863

I: Overview of species found in the quarry Státní lom. Bioind. G – species bioindication group by Hůrka et al. (1996), E – eurytopic, A – adaptable, R – relict. plot SPECIES Bioind. G. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Abax parallelepipedus (Piller & Mitterpacher, 1783) A 11 1 49 Amara aulica (Panzer, 1796) E 1 2 Amara consularis (Du schmid, 1812) E 1 Amara convexior Stephens, 1828 E 1 Amara ovata (Fabricius, 1792) E 1 2 2 Amara similata (Gyllenhal, 1810) E 4 7 2 3 Anchomenus dorsalis (Pontoppidan, 1763) E 4 9 1 17 Badister bullatus (Schrank, 1798) A 1 Bembidion lampros (Herbst, 1784) E 1 Calathus fuscipes (Goeze, 1777) E 11 3 2 2 Carabus coriaceus Linnaeus, 1758 A 3 Carabus hortensis Linnaeus, 1758 A 20 4 120 3 Carabus intricatus Linnaeus, 1761 A 8 7 1 1 Carabus irregularis Fabricius, 1792 R 1 Carabus scheidleri Panzer, 1799 A 1 6 26 2 Carabus ullrichii Germar, 1824 A 1 9 8 Carabus violaceus Linnaeus, 1758 A 2 13 2 1 Cylindera germanica (Linnaeus, 1758) A 1 Harpalus affi nis (Schrank, 1781) E 1 Harpalus atratus Latreille, 1804 A 1 Harpalus caspius roubali Schauberger, 1928 A 4 6 Harpalus rubripes (Du schmid, 1812) E 1 3 1 6 Harpalus signaticornis (Du schmid, 1812) E 1 Harpalus tardus (Panzer, 1797) E 2 Leistus ferrugineus (Linnaeus, 1758) E 13 1 24 Leistus rufomarginatus (Du schmid, 1812) R 10 Metoophonus sp. 1 Microlestes maurus (Sturm, 1827) E 7 Microlestes minutulus (Goeze, 1777) E 1 Notiophilus palustris (Du schmid, 1812) E 1 Ophonus azureus (Fabricius, 1775) E 2 2 Ophonus puncticollis (Paykull, 1798) A 1 bipustulatus (Fabricius, 1775) A 1 Paradromius linearis (Olivier, 1795) E 2 Platynus assimilis (Paykull, 1790) A 1 Poecilus cupreus (Linnaeus, 1758) E 1 9 3 3 9 103 Poecilus versicolor (Sturm, 1824) E 1 Pseudoophonus griseus (Panzer, 1797) E 1 2 Pseudoophonus rufi pes (De Geer, 1774) E 3 13 21 1 37 Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) E 33 29 41 1 4 54 Pterostichus niger (Schaller, 1783) A 2 1 20 1 2 Pterostichus vernalis (Panzer, 1796) A 1 Number of specimens 99 104 374 11 17 262 Number of species 13 21 28 7 5 22 864 Pavla Šťastná, Lucie Nováková

1: Percentage of bioindication groups (E – eurytopic species, A – adaptable species, R – stenotopic species)

2: Percentage of recorded species by habitat preferences

3: Light preference of recorded species (1 – species requiring habitat free of shading, 2 – species on sites without shade or partial shade, 3 – species indifferent (no preference), 4 – species of shady habitats)

(49%) and species indiff erent to shading (29%) were carabid beetles belonging to 60 species were present on the terraces of the quarry as well as on collected on the terraces of the Lesní lom quarry the outskirts (Fig. 3). Species preferring unshaded and Hády massif for both years. Most specimens habitats or partial shading occurred in 5% and were captured in rehabilitated areas and natural species preferring shaded habitats in 17%, these habitats in the vicinity of the quarry. Overall, some were typically forest species recorded at plot 3 and 1. very important species found, of which the most A similar research was conducted in the valuable are the endangered Lycinus cassideus and abandoned quarry called Lesní lom, which is Cylindera germanica. The second species mentioned located approximately 1 km from the northern edge was found in our research in the quarry Státní lom of the city district of Brno-Líšeň (49°13’24.662”N, as well. 16°41’41.494”E), repeatedly in 2007 and 2008 (Hula In the subsequent research in Lesní lom carried & Šťastná, 2010a), in 2009 and 2010 (Novotná & out between 2009 and 2010 (Novotná & Šťastná, Šťastná, 2012) and in 2012 (Nováková & Šťastná, 2012), a total of 462 carabid beetles (43 species) 2013a). In the fi rst research 2918 specimens of were trapped. Most species were found in habitats Carabid Beetles (Carabidae) in an Abandoned Quarry Near Čelechovice na Hané 865

with vegetation cover in the immediate vicinity of and B. explodens, we did not detect these species, but cultivated agricultural land. In the quarry itself only in our traps Carabus scheidleri and C. ullrichii were a minimum number of carabid beetles was found – present. 21 specimens (11 species). A decreasing tendency Nováková & Šťastná (2013b) carried out research in occurrence of carabid beetles from the edge of in 2012 in two limestone quarries in South the quarry to its center was demonstrated. Next, Moravia. The fi rst quarry was Turold quarry and signifi cant species of Brachinus crepitans, B. explodens the second site was the quarry of Svatý kopeček. and sylvicola (endangered species pursuant In Turold quarry, a total of 39 species with a total to Decree No. 395/1992 Coll.) were reported as well number of 270 specimens were captured. The as species listed in the Red List – near threatened most numerous species was Carabus cancellatus Ophonus sabulicola and vulnerable Cylindera germanica. (36 species) which did not occur in Státní lom. Only the last mentioned species was found in Státní One endangered species (EN) Licinus cassideus lom in our research. and one nearly threatened species (NT) – Carabus In Lesní lom, a total of 40 species with a total cancellatus. were detected. Other identifi ed species number of 835 specimens were captured in 2012 protected under Decree No. 395/1992 Coll. as (Nováková & Šťastná, 2013a). The most abundant amended by Decree No. 175/2006 Coll. were species was Anchomenus dorsalis which in our studies Brachinus crepitans, B. explodens and Carabus ullrichii. occurred only in small numbers. The majority was Out of these species, we detected only the species of eurytopic species (57%), adaptable species were C. ulrichii in our research. In Svatý kopeček quarry, represented by 35% and 8% relict species. Which Nováková & Šťastná (2013b) collected 36 species corresponded with our results in Státní lom as well. with a total of 420 specimens. The most abundant From among relict species in the quarry, Aptinus species was Pseudoophonus rufi pes (126 specimens). bombarda, Carabus irregularis and Leistus rufomarginatus One endangered species (EN) Licinus cassideus were recorded, whereas except for the fi rst one, we and 4 vulnerable species (VU) Cylindera germanica, have found the same species in our research too. Cymindis axillaris, Notiophilus laticollis, and Poecilus We caught all of these relict species at plot 3, in the sericeus were detected. Other identifi ed species vicinity of the quarry, just like Nováková & Šťastná protected under Decree No. 395/1992 Coll. as (2013a). Nováková & Šťastná (2013a) identifi ed amended by Decree No. 175/2006 Coll. were two species of vulnerable category (VU) – Carabus Brachinus crepitans, B. explodens, Carabus ullrichii and violaceus and Cylindera germanica, in our research Cylindera germanica. Out of the above species, we only the latter species was found. Next, a species detected only the species of C. ullrichii and Cylindera was identifi ed from near threatened category (NT germanica in our research. – Carabus irregularis) which also occurred in our In contrast to Tropek et al. (2008), it follows that research. Among other species protected under carabid beetles do not colonize limestone quarries Decree No. 395/1992 Coll. as amended by Decree and, if so, then only common species do so. No. 175/2006 Coll. were identifi ed Brachinus crepitans

CONCLUSION The faunal survey of carabid beetles (Carabidae) was carried out during the growing season in 2012 and 2013 in the quarry of Státní lom at Čelechovice na Hané (Central Moravia). Formaldehyde pitfall traps were used for collection, they were placed at six plots (three at sites with early succession and 3 at sites with advanced succession). At all plots, 28 species of carabid beetles with the total number of 417 specimens were found in 2012 and 32 species of the total number of 450 specimens were caught in 2013. The most species and specimens were collected at plot 3 (2012 – 18 species, 172 specimens, 2013 – 22 species, 202 specimens), in contrast, the least species and specimens were captured at plot 4 (2012 – 5 species, 8 specimens, 2013 – 3 species, 3 specimens) and 5 (2012 – 2 species, 6 specimens, 2013 – 4 species, 11 specimens). One species of the vulnerable category was found (VU – Cylindera germanica) as well as one species of the near threatened category (NT – Carabus irregularis, cf. Veselý et al., 2005), whereas both of them are also protected under Decree No. 395/1992 Coll. as amended by Decree No. 175/2006 Coll.). Other reported species protected under the above Decree included Carabus scheidleri and C. ullrichii. Overall, widespread species (eurytopic, 56%) prevailed in the quarry over adaptable species with narrow ecological valency (39%), relict species reached 5%. In terms of habitat, species of open habitats substantially prevailed over wild species and generalists. Xerothermophilous species and species preferring unshaded places found refuge particularly at quarry terraces.

Acknowledgement This study was supported by project of IGA MENDELU No. IP17/2012. We thank especially to Vladimír Hula, Lenka Frýželková, Jiří Mrtka, Lukáš Nytra for their help in the fi eld and laboratory, Samuel Lvončík for his help with the phytocenological evaluation and Luboš Purchart (Brno), Pavel Moravec (Litoměřice) for their help with revision of morphologically diffi cult species. The authors thank to Zdeněk Laštůvka for his notes to the manuscript. 866 Pavla Šťastná, Lucie Nováková

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Contact information Pavla Šťastná: [email protected]