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A New Species of Melloina (Araneae: Paratropididae) from Venezuela
ZOOLOGIA 30 (1): 101–106, February, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702013000100013 A new species of Melloina (Araneae: Paratropididae) from Venezuela Rogério Bertani Laboratório Especial de Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto Butantan. Avenida Vital Brazil 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT. A new species of Melloina Brignoli, 1985, Melloina santuario sp. nov., is described from a cave in Venezuela. This is the third species described in this rarely sampled genus, and the first species known from both male and female. The male of M. santuario sp. nov. is distinguished by a longer embolus and fewer number of spines on the anterior tarsi. Females and immatures are distinguished by having fewer numbers of labial cuspules. The description of a new species from male and female samples increases our knowledge about Melloina. This added knowledge is important to the under- standing of mygalomorph relationships, mainly in the Theraphosoidina, as Melloina is a basal genus within the Paratropididae. KEY WORDS. Cave; Glabropelma; Mygalomorphae; Neotropical; Spider taxonomy. Melloina Brignoli, 1985 includes two rare species. The type A new species of Melloina is described herein. It is the first species, Melloina gracilis (Schenkel, 1953), was described as species from this genus based on male and female specimens. Melloa gracilis Schenkel, 1953, based on a single male from Venezuela. It was only after 46 years that additional specimens MATERIAL AND METHODS were discovered, and a second species, Melloina rickwesti Raven, 1999, was described from a female and an immature from The general description format follows RAVEN (1999, Panama. -
Sustentable De Especies De Tarántula
Plan de acción de América del Norte para un comercio sustentable de especies de tarántula Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental Citar como: CCA (2017), Plan de acción de América del Norte para un comercio sustentable de especies de tarántula, Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental, Montreal, 48 pp. La presente publicación fue elaborada por Rick C. West y Ernest W. T. Cooper, de E. Cooper Environmental Consulting, para el Secretariado de la Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental. La información que contiene es responsabilidad de los autores y no necesariamente refleja los puntos de vista de los gobiernos de Canadá, Estados Unidos o México. Se permite la reproducción de este material sin previa autorización, siempre y cuando se haga con absoluta precisión, su uso no tenga fines comerciales y se cite debidamente la fuente, con el correspondiente crédito a la Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental. La CCA apreciará que se le envíe una copia de toda publicación o material que utilice este trabajo como fuente. A menos que se indique lo contrario, el presente documento está protegido mediante licencia de tipo “Reconocimiento – No comercial – Sin obra derivada”, de Creative Commons. Detalles de la publicación Categoría del documento: publicación de proyecto Fecha de publicación: mayo de 2017 Idioma original: inglés Procedimientos de revisión y aseguramiento de la calidad: Revisión final de las Partes: abril de 2017 QA311 Proyecto: Fortalecimiento de la conservación y el aprovechamiento sustentable de especies listadas en el Apéndice II de la -
Redescription and Notes on the Natur Iption and Notes on the Natur Iption
Redescription and notes on the natural history of the arboreal tarantula Iridopelma seladonium (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Aviculariinae) Lina M. Almeida-Silva 1; Agustín Camacho 2; Antonio D. Brescovit 1; Sylvia M. Lucas 1 & Tania K. Brazil 3 1 Laboratório de Artrópodes, Instituto Butantan, Butantan. Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Laboratório de Herpetologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo. Caixa Postal 11461, 05422-970 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Laboratório de Animais Peçonhentos, Universidade Federal da Bahia. Avenida Ademar de Barros, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Iridopelma seladonium (C.L. Koch, 1841) (Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) is a very rare, colorful and small tarantula found in the Atlantic Rainforest in Bahia and Sergipe. The original description of this species was based on a single female and no illustrations of reproductive organs were presented. After we collected several specimens identified as I. seladonium, we decided to redescribe this species and discovered that the male, previously described as belonging to this species, was misidentified by MELLO LEITÃO (1923). Thus, in this paper the male of I. seladonium is newly described and the reproductive organs of male and female are described and illustrated in detail. Notes on the behavior and natural history of I. seladonium are presented based on the observation of live specimens in the field and in captivity. An immature of I. seladonium was observed constructing a hinged retreat with silk and little pieces of bark, a behavior not previously seen for other Aviculariinae. -
The First Haemolymph Analysis of Nhandu Chromatus Tarantulas — Biochemical Parameters
DOI: 10.1515/FV-2016-0029 FOLIA VETERINARIA, 60, 3: 47—53, 2016 THE FIRST HAEMOLYMPH ANALYSIS OF NHANDU CHROMATUS TARANTULAS — BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS Muir, R. E., Halán, M. Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Košice The Slovak Republic [email protected] ABSTRACT originally proposed for this investigation are based on 2 separate feeding regimes, differing in terms of feed Tarantulas are a relatively unstudied category of quantity and the effect on the aforementioned biochemi- invertebrate which are popular with hobbyists and in- cal parameters. Upon receipt of the biochemical results creasingly used in laboratory research. As their pres- from the first sampling, it became apparent that unex- ence in the veterinary setting is limited, very little is pected correlations could be made between the stage of known about the biochemistry of their haemolymph as ecdysis, susceptibility to anaesthesia and the total pro- obtained by in house sampling and analysis. A handful tein levels in the haemolymph. Those that were due to of studies have been performed to attempt to establish shed imminently, indicated by cessation in feeding, had a normal range for certain parameters in healthy mem- recognisably and significantly higher total protein levels bers of a few particular species, but that is the extent of and reached a better level of anaesthesia in less time. Ad- the current research. In this study, 12 tarantulas of the ditional samplings are planned in the future to specify Nhandu chromatus species purchased as immature sib- more definitive parameters. The observations made in- lings and kept under standardised conditions for 2.5 advertently so far could constitute novel information years were anaesthetised with isoflurane and had 0.2 ml and be practically useful to tarantula enthusiasts and of haemolymph sampled and analysed for: total protein, anaesthetists, and therefore, potentially of high clinical glucose, calcium, phosphorous and uric acid. -
Araneae, Dipluridae) Groups from Basal to Distal; Groups Are Divided by Hyphens
Bull. Br. arachnol. Soc. (2009) 14 (9), 365–367 365 A new genus and species of the subfamily number ( ). If any data are given in brackets, they reflect Diplurinae (Araneae, Dipluridae) groups from basal to distal; groups are divided by hyphens. Abbreviations: AME=anterior median eyes, Bastian Drolshagen ALE=anterior lateral eyes, PME=posterior median Institute of Environmental Sciences, eyes, PLE=posterior lateral eyes, Ta=tarsus, Mt= University of Koblenz-Landau, metatarsus, Ti=tibia, Pa=patella, Fe=femur, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau, Germany Tr=trochanter, Co=coxa, Ma=maxillae, PMS= posterior median spinnerets, PLS=posterior lateral and spinnerets, l=lateral, pl=prolateral, rl=retrolateral, v=ventral, d=dorsal, juv=juvenile, STC=superior tar- Christian M. Bäckstam sal claw. Lindevägen 40, According to the Brazilian regulations for loaned S-120 48 Enskede gård, Sweden material, with the approval of the curator of the arach- nid collection of the SMNK, Dr Hubert Höfer, Summary the holotype and the juvenile male paratype will be A new genus and species of the subfamily Diplurinae is deposited at INPA. Abbreviations of institutes and described, Metriura striatipes gen. et sp. nov. The genus museums: SMNK=Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde differs from other diplurine genera by the presence of erect Karlsruhe, ZMB=Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, setae in front of the fovea, a large labiosternal suture and INPA=Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas do Amazônia. the strongly curved base of metatarsus I in males. Examined (type-) material: Linothele curvitarsis Karsch, 1879, holotype juv. _, ZMB Arach-458 and Arach-458a (tarsal claw preparation), Caracas, Introduction Venezuela. During examination of supposed Linothele Karsch, 1879 material at the Staatliches Museum für Metriura gen. -
Cyriocosmus Elegans (Trinidad Dwarf Tarantula)
UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology Cyriocosmus elegans (Trinidad Dwarf Tarantula) Order: Araneae (Spiders) Class: Arachnida (Spiders, Scorpions and Mites) Phylum: Arthropoda (Arthropods) Fig. 1. Trinidad dwarf tarantula, Cyriocosmus elegans. [www.spidersworld.eu/en/product-category/female-tarantulas/ downloaded 2 March 2016] TRAITS. This tarantula, also called the Trinidad dwarf, Trinidad dwarf tiger rump or valentine tarantula, is one of the smallest tarantulas in the world. It is brightly coloured, consisting of a black body with orange markings (Fig. 1), including a hairless patch in a heart shape covering 30% of its dorsal abdomen (Bagaturov, 2014). The leg span of an adult female is 25-50mm but they are sexually dimorphic since the male is much smaller than the female (less than 12mm) and the male has tibial hooks to grasp the female during mating (Fig. 2). DISTRIBUTION. This tarantula is found only in Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago (Fig. 3). Other Cyriocosmus species are found in South America but C. elegans doesn’t venture farther than the Venezuelan land border. Many large colonies have been found in Tobago within relatively small areas (Bagaturov, 2014). They thrive in tropical rainforest areas with high temperatures and lots of moisture. UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology HABITAT AND ACTIVITY. C. elegans live in tropical climates with high humidity and therefore moist ground conditions. They burrow or inhabit natural shelters on the ground which they line with their silk web for stabilization and to facilitate getting in and out. They are nocturnal and therefore most activity occurs at night. -
OVERNIGHT TRIP to GRAND TACARIBE by Kris Sookdeo
Quarterly Bulletin of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists’ Club July – September 2014 Issue No: 3/2014 Field Trip Report, 30th - 31st August, 2014 OVERNIGHT TRIP TO GRAND TACARIBE by Kris Sookdeo It has by now become a firm tradition for the 15 of this issue) and, while the tagging project ended Club to overnight at Grand Tacaribe (GT) every in 1981, the visits to GT have continued ever since. year. This has its roots in the initiation of the Club’s turtle research project in 1963 (for details see page (Continued on page 3) An impressive view of Grand Tacaribe Bay from a high point of its western edge. Photo: Kris Sookdeo Page 2 THE FIELD NATURALIST Issue No. 3/2014 Inside This Issue 1 OVERNIGHT TRIP TO GRAND TACARIBE Quarterly Bulletin of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists’ Club - Kris Sookdeo July - September 2014 6 IN SEARCH OF SALTO ANGEL: A VENEZUELAN ADVENTURE - John Lum Young Editors Amy Deacon, Eddison Baptiste, Associate Editor: Rupert Mends 11 PAINTING AT POINTE-A-PIERRE Editorial Committee - Amy Deacon Eddison Baptiste, Elisha Tikasingh, Palaash Narase 14 ESCONDIDA BAY, POINT GOURDE - Avinash Gajadhar Contributing writers Amy Deacon, Avinash Gajadhar, Dan Jaggernauth, Hans Boos, Ian Lambie, THE PIONEERS OF TURTLE CONSERVATION John Lum Young, Kris Sookdeo, 15 Matt Kelly, Reginald Potter, IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO - Ian Lambie Photographs Amy Deacon, Hans Boos, John Lum Young, Kris Sookdeo 17 NORTHERN RANGE CROSSING (Part 2 of 5) - Reginald Potter Design and Layout Eddison Baptiste 20 ENCOUNTERS WITH BOTHROPS (Part 2 of 3) - Hans Boos The Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists’ Club is a non-profit, non-governmental organization 23 FROM THE ARCHIVES: CHACACHACARE OVERNIGHT CAMP - Dan Jaggernauth Management Committee 2014 - 2015 President …………….. -
Amazon Alive: a Decade of Discoveries 1999-2009
Amazon Alive! A decade of discovery 1999-2009 The Amazon is the planet’s largest rainforest and river basin. It supports countless thousands of species, as well as 30 million people. © Brent Stirton / Getty Images / WWF-UK © Brent Stirton / Getty Images The Amazon is the largest rainforest on Earth. It’s famed for its unrivalled biological diversity, with wildlife that includes jaguars, river dolphins, manatees, giant otters, capybaras, harpy eagles, anacondas and piranhas. The many unique habitats in this globally significant region conceal a wealth of hidden species, which scientists continue to discover at an incredible rate. Between 1999 and 2009, at least 1,200 new species of plants and vertebrates have been discovered in the Amazon biome (see page 6 for a map showing the extent of the region that this spans). The new species include 637 plants, 257 fish, 216 amphibians, 55 reptiles, 16 birds and 39 mammals. In addition, thousands of new invertebrate species have been uncovered. Owing to the sheer number of the latter, these are not covered in detail by this report. This report has tried to be comprehensive in its listing of new plants and vertebrates described from the Amazon biome in the last decade. But for the largest groups of life on Earth, such as invertebrates, such lists do not exist – so the number of new species presented here is no doubt an underestimate. Cover image: Ranitomeya benedicta, new poison frog species © Evan Twomey amazon alive! i a decade of discovery 1999-2009 1 Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary, Foreword Convention on Biological Diversity The vital importance of the Amazon rainforest is very basic work on the natural history of the well known. -
Miranda ZA 2018.Pdf
Zoologischer Anzeiger 273 (2018) 33–55 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Zoologischer Anzeiger jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jcz Review of Trichodamon Mello-Leitão 1935 and phylogenetic ଝ placement of the genus in Phrynichidae (Arachnida, Amblypygi) a,b,c,∗ a Gustavo Silva de Miranda , Adriano Brilhante Kury , a,d Alessandro Ponce de Leão Giupponi a Laboratório de Aracnologia, Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, CEP 20940-040, Brazil b Entomology Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th St. & Constitution Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20560, USA c Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark (Zoological Museum), University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark d Servic¸ o de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses (LIRN), Colec¸ ão de Artrópodes Vetores Ápteros de Importância em Saúde das Comunidades (CAVAISC), IOC-FIOCRUZ, Manguinhos, 21040360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Amblypygi Thorell, 1883 has five families, of which Phrynichidae is one of the most diverse and with a Received 18 October 2017 wide geographic distribution. The genera of this family inhabit mostly Africa, India and Southeast Asia, Received in revised form 27 February 2018 with one genus known from the Neotropics, Trichodamon Mello-Leitão, 1935. Trichodamon has two valid Accepted 28 February 2018 species, T. princeps Mello-Leitão, 1935 and T. froesi Mello-Leitão, 1940 which are found in Brazil, in the Available online 10 March 2018 states of Bahia, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Norte. -
Redescription of the Holotypes of Mygalarachnae Ausserer 1871 And
ARTÍCULO: Redescription of the holotypes of Mygalarachnae Ausserer 1871 and Harpaxictis Simon (1892) (Araneae: Theraphosidae) with rebuttal of their synonymy with Sericopelma Ausserer 1875. Ray Gabriel and Stuart.J. Longhorn ARTÍCULO: Abstract: Redescription of the holotypes of The examination of specimens from various Neotropical tarantula genera (The- Mygalarachnae Ausserer 1871 and raphosidae) indicated the unique nature of monotypic genera Mygalarachnae Harpaxictis Simon (1892) (Araneae: Ausserer 1871 and Harpaxictis Simon 1892. Review of the both holotypes leads Theraphosidae) with rebuttal of their us to argue that Mygalarachnae and Harpaxictis should be removed from their synonymy with Sericopelma current synonymy with Sericopelma Ausserer 1875. The presence of type I and Ausserer 1875. III urticating hairs on the holotype specimen of Mygalarachnae firmly place it in the subfamily Theraphosinae and we argue should be restored as a valid genus, Ray Gabriel so that current placement of “incertae sedis” is inappropriate. The identity of Hope Entomological Collections, Harpaxictis striatus is less certain, but here removed from synonymy with Seri- Oxford University Museum of Natural copelma, and due to a lack of other diagnostic features is suggested as nomen History, Parks Road, Oxford, dubium. Possible affinities of Mygalarachne with other valid genera of Thera- Oxon, England, OX1 3PW, UK. phosinae are briefly discussed. Key words: Sericopelma, Tarantula. Mygalarachne brevipes, Harpaxictis striatus, Stuart.J. Longhorn Taxonomy: Mygalarachne brevipes comb. rev., Harpaxictis striatus comb. rev. Dept. of Entomology. The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, Redescripción de los holotipos de Mygalarachnae Ausserer 1871 UK. y Harpaxictis Simon (1892) rechazando su sinonímia con Dept. of Biology. -
(Araneae: Theraphosidae) from the Atlantic Forest of Bahia, Brazil, Biogeographical Notes and Identification Keys for Species of the Genus
ZOOLOGIA 32 (2): 151–156, April 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702015000200006 Tmesiphantes mirim sp. nov. (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from the Atlantic Forest of Bahia, Brazil, biogeographical notes and identification keys for species of the genus Willian Fabiano-da-Silva1,3, José Paulo Leite Guadanucci2 & Márcio Bernardino DaSilva1 1Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus I, Cidade Universitária, 58050-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. 2Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista. Avenida 24 A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. A new species of Tmesiphantes Simon, 1892 is described and illustrated, based on eight male specimens collected at the Una Biological Reserve, southern state of Bahia, Brazil. It is distinguished by the morphology of male palpal bulb and tibial apophysis. The new species is very small and is the smallest theraphosid described to date (body length 5.5 mm). It is distinguished from congeners by the size, which vary from 12 mm (T. riopretano) to 23.8 mm (T. nubilus) in other species of the genus, aspect of palpal bulb, sternal posterior sigillae close to sternal margin and by the aspect of tibial apophysis which lacks the prolateral branch. Tmesiphantes presently comprises nine species. Sixth have been described for the southern region of Bahia, a well known area of endemism in the Atlantic Forest. Identification keys for Tmesiphantes males and females are presented. KEY WORDS. Mygalomorphae; Neotropics; tarantula; taxonomy; Theraphosinae; Una Biological Reserve. Tmesiphantes comprises small to medium sized tarantula Tmesiphantes, emphasizing the morphology of the male palpal spiders, with labium and maxillae with few cuspules, rounded bulb and femur III incrassate as diagnostic features of the genus. -
Historical Biogeography of the Genus Cyriocosmus
Zoological Studies 51(4): 526-535 (2012) Historical Biogeography of the Genus Cyriocosmus (Araneae: Theraphosidae) in the Neotropics According to an Event-Based Method and Spatial Analysis of Vicariance Nelson Ferretti1,*, Alda González1, and Fernando Pérez-Miles2 1Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CEPAVE (CCT- CONICET- La Plata) (UNLP), Calle 2 N° 584, (1900) La Plata, Argentina. E-mail:[email protected] 2Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Entomología, Montevideo, Uruguay. E-mail:[email protected] (Accepted December 1, 2011) Nelson Ferretti, Alda González, and Fernando Pérez-Miles (2012) Historical biogeography of the genus Cyriocosmus (Araneae: Theraphosidae) in the Neotropics according to an event-based method and spatial analysis of vicariance. Zoological Studies 51(4): 526-535. The distributional history of the South American endemic genus Cyriocosmus (Araneae, Theraphosidae) was reconstructed, and a spatial analysis of vicariance was conducted. Results obtained with the software RASP (Reconstruct Ancestral State in Phylogenies), suggest that Cyriocosmus originated within an area currently represented by the biogeographical subregions of the Amazonian and Paramo Punan. We found 3 vicariant nodes: the 1st into the Amazonian-Caribbean, the 2nd into the Caribbean, and the 3rd into the Amazonian-Parana, Amazonian-Chacoan, and Amazonian-Parana and Chacoan. Using the Vicariance Inference Program we found that 1 vicariant node different from that obtained with RASP, and the hypothetical barriers for the clade were represented by the Voronoi lines in South America. In order to interpret biogeographical events that affected the genus Cyriocosmus, these results are contrasted with major geological events that occurred in South America, and also with previous biogeographical hypotheses.