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Sustentable De Especies De Tarántula
Plan de acción de América del Norte para un comercio sustentable de especies de tarántula Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental Citar como: CCA (2017), Plan de acción de América del Norte para un comercio sustentable de especies de tarántula, Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental, Montreal, 48 pp. La presente publicación fue elaborada por Rick C. West y Ernest W. T. Cooper, de E. Cooper Environmental Consulting, para el Secretariado de la Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental. La información que contiene es responsabilidad de los autores y no necesariamente refleja los puntos de vista de los gobiernos de Canadá, Estados Unidos o México. Se permite la reproducción de este material sin previa autorización, siempre y cuando se haga con absoluta precisión, su uso no tenga fines comerciales y se cite debidamente la fuente, con el correspondiente crédito a la Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental. La CCA apreciará que se le envíe una copia de toda publicación o material que utilice este trabajo como fuente. A menos que se indique lo contrario, el presente documento está protegido mediante licencia de tipo “Reconocimiento – No comercial – Sin obra derivada”, de Creative Commons. Detalles de la publicación Categoría del documento: publicación de proyecto Fecha de publicación: mayo de 2017 Idioma original: inglés Procedimientos de revisión y aseguramiento de la calidad: Revisión final de las Partes: abril de 2017 QA311 Proyecto: Fortalecimiento de la conservación y el aprovechamiento sustentable de especies listadas en el Apéndice II de la -
Zootaxa, Megaphobema Teceae N. Sp. (Araneae, Theraphosidae)
Zootaxa 1115: 61–68 (2006) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 1115 Copyright © 2006 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Megaphobema teceae n. sp. (Araneae, Theraphosidae), a new theraphosine spider from Brazilian Amazonia FERNANDO PÉREZ-MILES1, LAURA T. MIGLIO2 & ALEXANDRE B. BONALDO2 1Seccíon Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay. E-mail: [email protected] 2Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata, 376, Caixa Postal 399, 66040-170, Belém, PA, Brazil. E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract A new species from Juruti River Plateau, Juruti, Pará, Brazil that fits the generic characters of Megaphobema is described. Megaphobema teceae n. sp. differs from the other four species known in this genus mainly by the presence of a conspicuous post-ocular process. This is the first record of the genus to both oriental Amazon and Brazil. Keywords: Araneae, Theraphosidae, Megaphobema, Brazilian Amazon, Neotropical, Taxonomy Introduction The genus Megaphobema Pocock 1901 comprises very large spiders from Central América (Costa Rica) and North-western South America (Colombia and Ecuador). Males are characterized by a palpal organ with a very wide concave-convex embolus with prolateral superior and inferior keels, and apical and prolateral accessory keels. The prolateral accessory keels are also present in males Sericopelma Ausserer 1875 but they can be distinguished from Megaphobema by the absence of a tibial apophysis. Females have one spermathecal receptacle transversely striated the synapomorphy of Megaphobema + Sericopelma + Theraphosa Thorell 1870. The genus has both Type I and III urticating hairs. Using these characters among others, this genus was placed in the apical portion of the cladogram of the Theraphosinae (Pérez-Miles et al. -
Inclusion of All Species in the Genus Poecilotheria in Appendix II
Prop. 11.52 CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA Amendments to Appendices I and II of CITES Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties Nairobi (Kenya), April 10-20, 2000 A. PROPOSAL Inclusion of all species in the genus Poecilotheria in Appendix II. Poecilotheria spp. are arboreal tarantula spiders that occur in the eastern hemisphere. B. PROPONENT Sri Lanka and the United States of America. C. SUPPORTING STATEMENT 1. Taxonomy 1.1 Class: Arachnida 1.2 Order: Araneae 1.3 Family: Theraphosidae 1.4 Genus and species: Poecilotheria Simon, 1885 (synonym: Scurria C.L. Koch 1851) Poecilotheria fasciata (Latreille, 1804), central Sri Lanka Poecilotheria formosa Pocock, 1899, southern India Poecilotheria hillyardi from the region of Trivandrum, southern India (expected publication and validation in 2000 by P. Kirk) Poecilotheria metallica Pocock, 1899, southwestern India Poecilotheria miranda Pocock, 1900, northeastern India Poecilotheria ornata Pocock, 1899, southern Sri Lanka Poecilotheria pederseni from the region of Yala, southeastern Sri Lanka (expected publication and validation in 2000 by P. Kirk) Poecilotheria regalis Pocock, 1899, southwestern India Poecilotheria rufilata Pocock, 1899, southern India Poecilotheria smithi Kirk, 1996, southcentral Sri Lanka Poecilotheria striata Pocock, 1895, southern India Poecilotheria subfusca Pocock, 1895, southcentral Sri Lanka Poecilotheria uniformis Strand, 1913, Sri Lanka 1.5 Scientific synonyms: P. fasciata Mygale fasciata Latreille, 1804 Avicularia fasciata Lamarck,1818 Theraphosa fasciata Gistel, 1848 Scurria fasciata C.L. Koch, 1851 Lasiodora fasciata Simon, 1864 P. formosa none P. hillyard none Prop. 11.52 – p. 1 P. metallica none P. miranda none P. ornata none P. pederseni none P. -
Poecilotheria Hanumavilasumica Smith, 2004 from Western Ghats, Kerala (Araneae: Theraphosidae)
SpeciesREPORT, Vol. 18A,RTICLE No. 58, January-March, 2017 REPORT ISSN 2319–5746 EISSN 2319–5754 Species New records of Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica Smith, 2004 from Western Ghats, Kerala (Araneae: Theraphosidae) Sunil Jose K Department of Zoology, Deva Matha College, Kuravilangad, Kerala, 686633. Email: [email protected] Publication History Received: 12 January 2017 Accepted: 5 February 2017 Published: January-March 2017 Citation Sunil Jose K. New records of Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica Smith, 2004 from Western Ghats, Kerala (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Species, 2017, 18(58), 57-61 Publication License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. General Note Article is recommended to print as color digital color version in recycled paper. ABSTRACT The new records on the distribution of Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica Smith, 2004 from Chinnar is reported. The diagnosis, images and distributional map are also provided. Key words: Western Ghats, new distribution, mygalomorphs, tropical Asia, endemic. Abbreviations: AME- anterior median eyes; ALE- anterior lateral; eyes, PME- posterior median eyes, PLE- posterior lateral eyes. 57 57 57 Sunil Jose K, Page Page Page New records of Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica Smith, 2004 from Western Ghats, Kerala (Araneae: Theraphosidae), Species, 2017, 18(58), 57-61, www.discoveryjournals.com © 2017 Discovery Publication. All Rights Reserved REPORT ARTICLE 1. INTRODUCTION The genus Poecilotheria is endemic to south India and Srilanka with 14 known species. Only nine species are reported from India. P.hanumavilasumica belongs to the radiation of Poecilotheria with intense yellow coloring on legs I and II. This includes Poecilotheria fasciata, Poecilotheria rajaei, Poecilotheria striata, and Poecilotheria regalis from Sri Lanka and India (Nanayakkara et.al., 2015). -
(Araneae: Theraphosidae) from the Atlantic Forest of Bahia, Brazil, Biogeographical Notes and Identification Keys for Species of the Genus
ZOOLOGIA 32 (2): 151–156, April 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702015000200006 Tmesiphantes mirim sp. nov. (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from the Atlantic Forest of Bahia, Brazil, biogeographical notes and identification keys for species of the genus Willian Fabiano-da-Silva1,3, José Paulo Leite Guadanucci2 & Márcio Bernardino DaSilva1 1Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus I, Cidade Universitária, 58050-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. 2Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista. Avenida 24 A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. A new species of Tmesiphantes Simon, 1892 is described and illustrated, based on eight male specimens collected at the Una Biological Reserve, southern state of Bahia, Brazil. It is distinguished by the morphology of male palpal bulb and tibial apophysis. The new species is very small and is the smallest theraphosid described to date (body length 5.5 mm). It is distinguished from congeners by the size, which vary from 12 mm (T. riopretano) to 23.8 mm (T. nubilus) in other species of the genus, aspect of palpal bulb, sternal posterior sigillae close to sternal margin and by the aspect of tibial apophysis which lacks the prolateral branch. Tmesiphantes presently comprises nine species. Sixth have been described for the southern region of Bahia, a well known area of endemism in the Atlantic Forest. Identification keys for Tmesiphantes males and females are presented. KEY WORDS. Mygalomorphae; Neotropics; tarantula; taxonomy; Theraphosinae; Una Biological Reserve. Tmesiphantes comprises small to medium sized tarantula Tmesiphantes, emphasizing the morphology of the male palpal spiders, with labium and maxillae with few cuspules, rounded bulb and femur III incrassate as diagnostic features of the genus. -
The Case of Embrik Strand (Arachnida: Araneae) 22-29 Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 59: 22-29 Karlsruhe, April 2020
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arachnologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2020 Band/Volume: 59 Autor(en)/Author(s): Nentwig Wolfgang, Blick Theo, Gloor Daniel, Jäger Peter, Kropf Christian Artikel/Article: How to deal with destroyed type material? The case of Embrik Strand (Arachnida: Araneae) 22-29 Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 59: 22-29 Karlsruhe, April 2020 How to deal with destroyed type material? The case of Embrik Strand (Arachnida: Araneae) Wolfgang Nentwig, Theo Blick, Daniel Gloor, Peter Jäger & Christian Kropf doi: 10.30963/aramit5904 Abstract. When the museums of Lübeck, Stuttgart, Tübingen and partly of Wiesbaden were destroyed during World War II between 1942 and 1945, also all or parts of their type material were destroyed, among them types from spider species described by Embrik Strand bet- ween 1906 and 1917. He did not illustrate type material from 181 species and one subspecies and described them only in an insufficient manner. These species were never recollected during more than 110 years and no additional taxonomically relevant information was published in the arachnological literature. It is impossible to recognize them, so we declare these 181 species here as nomina dubia. Four of these species belong to monotypic genera, two of them to a ditypic genus described by Strand in the context of the mentioned species descriptions. Consequently, without including valid species, the five genera Carteroniella Strand, 1907, Eurypelmella Strand, 1907, Theumella Strand, 1906, Thianella Strand, 1907 and Tmeticides Strand, 1907 are here also declared as nomina dubia. Palystes modificus minor Strand, 1906 is a junior synonym of P. -
Scorpiones: Buthidae: Hottentotta Tamulus) from India
Research Note Haplotype diversity in the medically important red scorpion (Scorpiones: Buthidae: Hottentotta tamulus) from India Vivek Suranse1, Nitin S. Sawant2, D. B. Bastawade3 and Neelesh Dahanukar1,* 1Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), G1 Block, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India. 2Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society, No. 12 Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti - Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore 641 035, Tamil Nadu, India. 3Institute of Natural History Education and Research (INHER), C26/9 Ketan Heights, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India. *For correspondence: [email protected] 1 Abstract The medically important Indian red scorpion, Hottentotta tamulus, is one of the most poisonous scorpions of Indian subcontinent. We studied the haplotype diversity in eight populations of H. tamulus based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) partial gene sequence. Analysis revealed 22 haplotypes with a haplotype diversity of 0.941 and nucleotide diversity of 0.023. For the first two codon positions both transition and transversion types of substitutions were equally likely and the test for neutrality was not rejected. However, codon substitution pattern indicated that the gene has experienced purifying selection. Model-based clustering method indicated that the eight populations form three groups that correspond to high, moderate and low rainfall areas, indicating that there is biogeographical separation of haplotypes. Populations from three groups formed distinct clades in maximum likelihood analysis and median joining genetic network and were statistically supported by low within group and high among group variation in analysis of molecular variance. We provide the first account of haplotype diversity in Indian red scorpions and their biogeographical separation. -
A Global Accounting of Medically Significant Scorpions
Toxicon 151 (2018) 137–155 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Toxicon journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/toxicon A global accounting of medically significant scorpions: Epidemiology, major toxins, and comparative resources in harmless counterparts T ∗ Micaiah J. Ward , Schyler A. Ellsworth1, Gunnar S. Nystrom1 Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Scorpions are an ancient and diverse venomous lineage, with over 2200 currently recognized species. Only a Scorpion small fraction of scorpion species are considered harmful to humans, but the often life-threatening symptoms Venom caused by a single sting are significant enough to recognize scorpionism as a global health problem. The con- Scorpionism tinued discovery and classification of new species has led to a steady increase in the number of both harmful and Scorpion envenomation harmless scorpion species. The purpose of this review is to update the global record of medically significant Scorpion distribution scorpion species, assigning each to a recognized sting class based on reported symptoms, and provide the major toxin classes identified in their venoms. We also aim to shed light on the harmless species that, although not a threat to human health, should still be considered medically relevant for their potential in therapeutic devel- opment. Included in our review is discussion of the many contributing factors that may cause error in epide- miological estimations and in the determination of medically significant scorpion species, and we provide suggestions for future scorpion research that will aid in overcoming these errors. 1. Introduction toxins (Possani et al., 1999; de la Vega and Possani, 2004; de la Vega et al., 2010; Quintero-Hernández et al., 2013). -
Acute Myocardial Injury After Scorpion (Hottentotta Tamulus) Sting
Case reports Acute myocardial injury after scorpion (Hottentotta tamulus) sting R M U K B Ratnayake1, T Kumanan1, G Selvaratnam1 Ceylon Medical Journal 2016; 61: 86-87 DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/cmj.v61i2.8293 Introduction The patient was managed in the intensive care unit White scorpion (Hottentotta tamulus), also known with 8 l of oxygen, intravenous frusemide and ipratropium bromide nebulisation. He maintained an O saturation of in India as the ‘red scorpion’, was not sighted in Sri Lanka 2 until 1990, leading to the belief that the species migrated 98%. After 24 hours of envenomation, pulmonary oedema to Jaffna peninsula with the movement of Indian Peace improved, requiring only 2 l of oxygen to maintain a Keeping Force (IPKF) in 1987 with their luggage. There saturation of 98%, and a normal blood pressure and pulse has been a gradual increase in cases reported with rate. Prazosin hydrochloride was continued with frusemide Hottentotta tamulus stings since the end of civil war in boluses. 2009 with confirmed 22 hospital admissions (out of 78 After 24 hours, cardiac troponin I titre was 3.77 ng/ stings by scorpions) in 2013 [1]. White scorpion toxin ml. A 2D echocardiogram revealed myocarditis with severe contains polypeptides which cause sympathetic and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction 33%) and parasympathetic stimulation leading to signs and global hypokinesia. A repeated troponin I level on day 3 symptoms ranging from swelling and severe local pain was 0.96 ng/ml and chest X-ray was unremarkable. A along the affected dermatome to an ‘autonomic storm’ coronary angiogram and an echocardiogram performed causing tachy- or bradycardia, hypo- or hypertension, after a month of the incident were normal. -
SA Spider Checklist
REVIEW ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 22(2): 2551-2597 CHECKLIST OF SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) OF SOUTH ASIA INCLUDING THE 2006 UPDATE OF INDIAN SPIDER CHECKLIST Manju Siliwal 1 and Sanjay Molur 2,3 1,2 Wildlife Information & Liaison Development (WILD) Society, 3 Zoo Outreach Organisation (ZOO) 29-1, Bharathi Colony, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641004, India Email: 1 [email protected]; 3 [email protected] ABSTRACT Thesaurus, (Vol. 1) in 1734 (Smith, 2001). Most of the spiders After one year since publication of the Indian Checklist, this is described during the British period from South Asia were by an attempt to provide a comprehensive checklist of spiders of foreigners based on the specimens deposited in different South Asia with eight countries - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The European Museums. Indian checklist is also updated for 2006. The South Asian While the Indian checklist (Siliwal et al., 2005) is more spider list is also compiled following The World Spider Catalog accurate, the South Asian spider checklist is not critically by Platnick and other peer-reviewed publications since the last scrutinized due to lack of complete literature, but it gives an update. In total, 2299 species of spiders in 67 families have overview of species found in various South Asian countries, been reported from South Asia. There are 39 species included in this regions checklist that are not listed in the World Catalog gives the endemism of species and forms a basis for careful of Spiders. Taxonomic verification is recommended for 51 species. and participatory work by arachnologists in the region. -
Biodiversity of the Huautla Cave System, Oaxaca, Mexico
diversity Communication Biodiversity of the Huautla Cave System, Oaxaca, Mexico Oscar F. Francke, Rodrigo Monjaraz-Ruedas † and Jesús A. Cruz-López *,‡ Colección Nacional De Arácnidos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Mexico City C. P. 04510, Mexico; [email protected] (O.F.F.); [email protected] (R.M.-R.) * Correspondence: [email protected] † Current address: San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. ‡ Current address: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas y Pecuarias del Valle de Oaxaca, Santo Domingo Barrio Bajo, Etla C. P. 68200, Mexico. Abstract: Sistema Huautla is the deepest cave system in the Americas at 1560 m and the fifth longest in Mexico at 89,000 m, and it is a mostly vertical network of interconnected passages. The surface landscape is rugged, ranging from 3500 to 2500 masl, intersected by streams and deep gorges. There are numerous dolinas, from hundreds to tens of meters in width and depth. The weather is basically temperate subhumid with summer rains. The average yearly rainfall is approximately 2500 mm, with a monthly average of 35 mm for the driest times of the year and up to 500 mm for the wettest month. All these conditions play an important role for achieving the highest terrestrial troglobite diversity in Mexico, containing a total of 35 species, of which 27 are possible troglobites (16 described), including numerous arachnids, millipedes, springtails, silverfish, and a single described species of beetles. With those numbers, Sistema Huautla is one of the richest cave systems in the world. Keywords: troglobitics; arachnids; insects; millipedes Citation: Francke, O.F.; Monjaraz-Ruedas, R.; Cruz-López, J.A. -
Description of Two New Species of Plesiopelma (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) from Argentina
374 Ferretti & Barneche Description of two new species of Plesiopelma (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) from Argentina Nelson Ferretti & Jorge Barneche Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CEPAVE (CCT- CONICET- La Plata) (UNLP), Calle 2 n°584, La Plata, Argentina. ([email protected]; [email protected]) ABSTRACT. Two new species of Plesiopelma Pocock, 1901 from northern Argentina are described and diagnosed based on males and habitat descriptions are presented. Males of Plesiopelma paganoi sp. nov. differ from most of species by the absence of spiniform setae on the retrolateral face of cymbium, aspect of the palpal bulb. Plesiopelma aspidosperma sp. nov. differs from most species of the genus by the presence of spiniform setae on the retrolateral face of cymbium and it can be distinguished from P. myodes Pocock, 1901, P. longisternale (Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1942) and P. rectimanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923) by the separated palpal bulb keels and basal nodule of metatarsus I very developed. It differs from P. minense (Mello-Leitão, 1943) by the shape of the palpal bulb and basal nodule on metatarsus I well developed. Specimens were captured in Salta province, Argentina, inhabiting high cloud forests of Yungas eco-region. KEYWORDS. Taxonomy, spiders, natural history, Neotropical, Yungas. RESUMEN. Descripción de dos nuevas especies de Plesiopelma (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) de Argentina. Dos nuevas especies de Plesiopelma Pocock, 1901 del norte de Argentina son diferenciadas y se describen en base a ejemplares machos y se presentan descripciones de los ambientes. Machos de Plesiopelma paganoi sp. nov. difieren de la mayoría de las especies por la ausencia de setas espiniformes en la cara retrolateral del cymbium, por la forma del órgano palpar.