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70 5 HISTORIAL DE DESASTRES 5.1 Antecedentes Históricos Guatemala
EVALUACION DE LA VULNERABILIDAD ESTRUCTURAL DE LOS EDIFICIOS DE USO PÚBLICO EN EL MUNICIPIO DE PATULUL, DEPARTAMENTO DE SUCHITEPEQUEZ. 5 HISTORIAL DE DESASTRES diferentes eventos con potencial destructivo en Guatemala conviene enunciar algunos datos históricos 5.1 Antecedentes Históricos al respecto. Guatemala es un país extraordinariamente dotado de una belleza natural, pero pocas personas conocen que Los primeros registros de la cultura Maya se ubican en esto se debe en gran medida, a eventos que se la época Preclásica que da inicio aproximadamente en conocen hoy como hecatombes. Por ejemplo, el lago de el año 1500 (A. de C.) La cosmovisión de los mayas, Atitlán en Sololá es el resultado de un evento de origen reflejo en ese entonces de su relación con eventos volcánico de enorme magnitud. Este evento destructivos, evidenciándose esto en creencias como la denominado por los vulcanólogos como la erupción de destrucción de mundos anteriores por diluvios... los Chocoyos, ocurrió hace aproximadamente 85 mil De “Ixchel” una de las deidades mayas se señala años, y significó la expulsión de más o menos 150 que aparece también como la personificación del agua metros cúbicos de material, llegando a alturas de 50 como elemento de destrucción, de las inundaciones y kilómetros, que cubrieron un radio de cien kilómetros torrentes de lluvia. En el Popol Vuh se cita a con al menos tres metros de material expulsado. Se “Cabracan”, Dios que se encargaba de sacudir las calcula que las cenizas llegaron más allá de Panamá o montañas grandes y pequeñas, evidenciando la La Florida en Estados Unidos. Este evento de enorme percepción de ciertos fenómenos como provenientes de violencia cambio la geografía de nuestro territorio y designios divinos, fuera del alcance humano, rasgos como constancia dejo un cráter de aproximadamente 1 que pueden identificarse aún hoy en día y que kilómetro de profundidad que hoy ocupa el Lago de constituyen factores de la vulnerabilidad actual en Atitlán. -
Pioneers of Modern Geography: Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Robert C
Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier GreyPlace 1990 Pioneers of Modern Geography: Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Robert C. West Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/grey Part of the Earth Sciences Commons, and the Human Geography Commons Recommended Citation West, Robert C. (1990). Pioneers of Modern Geography: Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. Baton Rouge: Department of Geography & Anthropology, Louisiana State University. Geoscience and Man, Volume 28. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in GreyPlace by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Pioneers of Modern Geography Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Translated and Edited by Robert C. West GEOSCIENCE AND MAN-VOLUME 28-1990 LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY s 62 P5213 iiiiiiiii 10438105 DATE DUE GEOSCIENCE AND MAN Volume 28 PIONEERS OF MODERN GEOGRAPHY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 https://archive.org/details/pioneersofmodern28west GEOSCIENCE & MAN SYMPOSIA, MONOGRAPHS, AND COLLECTIONS OF PAPERS IN GEOGRAPHY, ANTHROPOLOGY AND GEOLOGY PUBLISHED BY GEOSCIENCE PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ANTHROPOLOGY LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY VOLUME 28 PIONEERS OF MODERN GEOGRAPHY TRANSLATIONS PERTAINING TO GERMAN GEOGRAPHERS OF THE LATE NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES Translated and Edited by Robert C. West BATON ROUGE 1990 Property of the LfhraTy Wilfrid Laurier University The Geoscience and Man series is published and distributed by Geoscience Publications, Department of Geography & Anthropology, Louisiana State University. -
Estudio Técnico De Linea Base Del Complejo Volcánico Acatenango - Fuego
ESTUDIO TÉCNICO DE LINEA BASE DEL COMPLEJO VOLCÁNICO ACATENANGO - FUEGO Índice I. EQUIPO TECNICO .....................................................................................................................1 II. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO ...........................................................................................................2 III. ANTECEDENTES.....................................................................................................................3 IV. METODOLOGÍA ......................................................................................................................5 V. CARACTERIZACION DEL ÁREA ........................................................................................10 VI. ACTIVIDADES POTENCIALES ..........................................................................................48 VII. DEFINICIÓN DE OBJETOS DE CONSERVACIÓN ........................................................49 VIII. CONCLUSIONES ................................................................................................................51 IX. RECOMENDACIONES ..........................................................................................................51 X. BIBLIOGRAFIA .......................................................................................................................53 XI. ANEXOS ..................................................................................................................................57 ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Y CUADROS Figura 1. Delimitación del -
Thallium Isotopes As Tracers of Recycled Materials in Subduction
1 2 Thallium isotopes as tracers of recycled materials in subduction 3 zones: review and new data for lavas from Tonga-Kermadec and 4 Central America 5 6 7 Sune G. Nielsen1,2, Julie Prytulak3, Jerzy Blusztajn1,2, Yunchao Shu1,2,4,5, Maureen Auro1,2, Marcel 8 Regelous6 and Jim Walker7 9 10 1NIRVANA Laboratories, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA 11 2Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA 12 3Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, UK 13 4Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China 14 5University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 15 6GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany 16 7Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA 17 1 18 Abstract - Sediment is actively being subducted in every convergent margin worldwide. 19 Yet, geochemical data for arc lavas from several subduction zones, such as Northern Tonga and 20 Costa Rica have revealed either attenuated or limited evidence for sediment in their mantle 21 source regions. Here we use thallium (Tl) isotopes to trace slab components in lavas from the 22 Tonga-Kermadec and Central American arcs. In general, both arcs display Tl isotope data that 23 are most compatible with addition of sediment to the sub-arc mantle from the subducting slab. 24 This evidence is particular strong in the Tonga-Kermadec arc where pelagic clays dominate the 25 Tl budget along the entire arc. Contributions from altered oceanic crust as well as the Louisville 26 Seamount chain that subducts underneath Northern Tonga are not visible in Tl isotopes, which is 27 likely due to the very high Tl concentrations found in pelagic sediments outboard of the Tonga- 28 Kermadec arc. -
Mapa Fisiográfico-Geomorfológico De Guatemala
Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Alimentación Mapa Fisiográfico-Geomorfológico de la República de Guatemala, a escala 1:250,000 -Memoria Técnica- Realizado por: Unidad de Políticas e Información Estratégica (UPIE-MAGA) Programa de Emergencia por Desastres Naturales (MAGA-BID) Con base al trabajo de los consultores: Ing. Agr. Gilberto Daniel Alvarado Cabrera Ing. Geol. Isaac Rodolfo Herrera Ibáñez Apoyo financiero de: Plan de Acción Forestal Instituto Nacional de para Guatemala –PAFG- Bosques –INAB- Guatemala, junio del 2001 MINISTERIO DE AGRICULTURA, GANADERIA Y ALIMENTACION PROGRAMA DE EMERGENCIA POR DESASTRES NATURALES 7ª Ave. 12-90. Zona 13, Guatemala. Tels: (502) 331-6199/6210 E-mail: [email protected] PRESENTACION La presente memoria del Mapa de Fisiografía-Geomorfología de la República de Guatemala a escala 1:250,000 es el resultado de un esfuerzo compartido entre instituciones vinculadas al quehacer forestal, instituciones del Ministerio de Agricultura y el Programa de Emergencia por Desastres Naturales. Las instituciones del sector forestal involucradas son el Instituto Nacional de Bosques (INAB) y el Plan de Acción Forestal para Guatemala (PAFG), quienes ofrecieron apoyo financiero para llevar a cabo los estudios. En el caso especifico del PAFG ofreció asimismo, una porción generosa de tiempo de su Director, quien se involucró en discusiones metodológicas y en la revisión de los borradores intermedios y finales. La institución del Ministerio que fue responsable de la ejecución del estudio, fue la Unidad de Políticas e Información Estratégica (UPIE), en su calidad de responsable del Programa de Emergencia por Desastres Naturales (PEDN). El PEDN finalmente, se encargó de atender a los consultores encargados (Ing. -
Pacific Offshore Record of Plinian Arc Volcanism in Central America: 2
Article Geochemistry 3 Volume 9, Number 2 Geophysics 8 February 2008 Q02S02, doi:10.1029/2007GC001791 GeosystemsG G ISSN: 1525-2027 AN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF THE EARTH SCIENCES Published by AGU and the Geochemical Society Pacific offshore record of plinian arc volcanism in Central America: 2. Tephra volumes and erupted masses S. Kutterolf SFB574 at Kiel University/IFM-GEOMAR, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, D-24148 Kiel, Germany ([email protected]) A. Freundt SFB574 at Kiel University/IFM-GEOMAR, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, D-24148 Kiel, Germany IFM-GEOMAR, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, D-24148 Kiel, Germany W. Pere´z SFB574 at Kiel University/IFM-GEOMAR, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, D-24148 Kiel, Germany [1] Sediment gravity cores collected from the Pacific seafloor offshore Central America contain numerous distal ash layers from plinian-type eruptions at the Central American Volcanic Arc dating back to more than 200 ka. In part 1 of this contribution we have correlated many of those ash layers between cores and with 26 tephras on land. The marine ash layers cover areas of up to 106 km2 in the Pacific Ocean and represent a major fraction (60–90%) of the erupted tephra volumes because the Pacific coast lies within a few tens of kilometers downwind from the volcanic arc. Combining our own mapping efforts on land and published mapping results with our marine data yields erupted volumes of all major tephras along the arc that range from 1 to 420 km3. Recalculated to erupted magma mass, the widespread tephras account for 65% of the total magma output at the arc. -
USGS Open-File Report 2009-1133, V. 1.2, Table 3
Table 3. (following pages). Spreadsheet of volcanoes of the world with eruption type assignments for each volcano. [Columns are as follows: A, Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (CAVW) volcano identification number; E, volcano name; F, country in which the volcano resides; H, volcano latitude; I, position north or south of the equator (N, north, S, south); K, volcano longitude; L, position east or west of the Greenwich Meridian (E, east, W, west); M, volcano elevation in meters above mean sea level; N, volcano type as defined in the Smithsonian database (Siebert and Simkin, 2002-9); P, eruption type for eruption source parameter assignment, as described in this document. An Excel spreadsheet of this table accompanies this document.] Volcanoes of the World with ESP, v 1.2.xls AE FHIKLMNP 1 NUMBER NAME LOCATION LATITUDE NS LONGITUDE EW ELEV TYPE ERUPTION TYPE 2 0100-01- West Eifel Volc Field Germany 50.17 N 6.85 E 600 Maars S0 3 0100-02- Chaîne des Puys France 45.775 N 2.97 E 1464 Cinder cones M0 4 0100-03- Olot Volc Field Spain 42.17 N 2.53 E 893 Pyroclastic cones M0 5 0100-04- Calatrava Volc Field Spain 38.87 N 4.02 W 1117 Pyroclastic cones M0 6 0101-001 Larderello Italy 43.25 N 10.87 E 500 Explosion craters S0 7 0101-003 Vulsini Italy 42.60 N 11.93 E 800 Caldera S0 8 0101-004 Alban Hills Italy 41.73 N 12.70 E 949 Caldera S0 9 0101-01= Campi Flegrei Italy 40.827 N 14.139 E 458 Caldera S0 10 0101-02= Vesuvius Italy 40.821 N 14.426 E 1281 Somma volcano S2 11 0101-03= Ischia Italy 40.73 N 13.897 E 789 Complex volcano S0 12 0101-041 -
Guatemala Trip Optional Tours Open Wide Foundation
GUATEMALA TRIP OPTIONAL TOURS OPEN WIDE FOUNDATION ANTIGUA HALF DAY CITY TOUR 3.30 hrs At 0900AM, walking tour to appreciate The Americas Colonial Monument. You will be able to walk on its cobblestoned streets, magical, romantic city; visiting the most important monuments and monasteries such as San Francisco Church, the Cathedral, La Merced Church and the main plaza. Time for learn about the Maya’s Gold at one of the Jade Factories. You will also have time for shopping. Price per person: USD30.00 Includes: Entrance fees, guided tour with English speaking guide. ANTIGUA FULL DAY CITY TOUR 07:00 hrs At 0900AM, walking tour to appreciate The Americas Colonial Monument. You will be able to walk on its cobblestoned streets, magical, romantic city; visiting the most important monuments and monasteries such as San Francisco Church, the Cathedral, La Merced Church and the main plaza. Time for learn about the Maya’s Gold at one of the Jade Factories. Time for lunch (not included). When the tour guide indicates you, transfer to the Villages of San Antonio Aguas Calientes and Ciudad Vieja nearby La Antigua. At indicated time, return to your hotel for lodging. Price per person: USD55.00 Includes: Entrance fees, guided tour with English speaking guide, transportation. CHICHICASTENANGO AND LAKE ATITLAN ONE DAY TOUR 8hrs approx. THRUSDAY AND SUNDAY ONLY Daily breakfast at your hotel is confirmed. At 07:30, transfer from your hotel to the Guatemalan Highlands along the Panamerican Highway to Chichicastenango, a Quiche Maya Town surrounded by hills and mountains that jealously keep the inhabitants’ traditions, as they melt their Pre-Hispanic and catholic rituals at the 400 years old church of Santo Tomas, built on the remains of a Maya Temple. -
Mapping Environmental Services in Highland Guatemala Public Disclosure Authorized
PES Learning Paper 2007-4 Mapping Environmental Services in Highland Guatemala Public Disclosure Authorized Stefano Pagiola, Wei Zhang, and Ale Colom Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized December 2007 Public Disclosure Authorized Latin America and Caribbean Sustainable Development Department World Bank Washington DC, USA Abstract This paper uses data from Guatemala to map areas that are important for the provision of indirect ecosystem services—services whose benefits are enjoyed at some distance from the ecosystem that provides them, such as watershed services (enjoyed downstream) or biodiversity conservation (enjoyed globally). These services are usually externalities from the perspective of land users, and so tend to be under-provided. Mapping the areas that supply such services links the supply and demand of ecosystem services in a spatially explicit way, allows the identification and prioritization of areas of conservation interest. Authors Stefano Pagiola is senior environmental economist and Wei Zhang is consultant in the Environment Department, World Bank. Ale Colom is an independent consultant. Keywords Environmental services, mapping, watershed, biodiversity, Guatemala Acknowledgements Work on this paper was financed in part by a grant from the Norwegian Trust Fund for Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development. The opinions expressed in this paper are the authors’ own and do not necessarily represent those of the World Bank Group or the Government of Norway. Cover photo Volcán del Fuego, Guatemala (Stefano Pagiola). PES Learning Papers PES Learning Papers draw on the World Bank’s extensive experience in supporting programs of Payments for Environmental Services (PES). They are part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. -
Volcanism and Geochemistry in Central America: Progress and Problems M
Volcanism and Geochemistry in Central America: Progress and Problems M. J. Carr1, M.D. Feigenson1, L. C. Patino2 and J.A. Walker3 1Department of Geological Sciences, Rutgers University 2Department of Geological Sciences, Michigan State University 3Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, Northern Illinois University Most Central American volcanoes occur in an impressive volcanic front that trends parallel to the strike of the subducting Cocos Plate. The volcanic front is a chain, made of right-stepping, linear segments, 100 to 300 Km in length. Volcanoes cluster into centers, whose spacing is random but averages about 27 Km. These closely spaced, easily accessible volcanic centers allow mapping of geochemical variations along the volcanic front. Abundant back-arc volcanism in southeast Guatemala and central Honduras allow two cross-arc transects. Several element and isotope ratios (e.g. Ba/La, U/Th, B/La, 10Be/9Be, 87Sr/86Sr) that are thought to signal subducted marine sediments or altered MORB consistently define a chevron pattern along the arc, with its maximum in Nicaragua. Ba/La, a particularly sensitive signal, is 130 at the maximum in Nicaragua but decreases out on the limbs to 40 in Guatemala and 20 in Costa Rica, which is just above the nominal mantle value of 15. This high amplitude regional variation, roughly symmetrical about Nicaragua, contrasts with the near constancy, or small gradient, in several plate tectonic parameters such as convergence rate, age of the subducting Cocos Plate, and thickness and type of subducted sediment. The large geochemical changes over relatively short distances make Central America an important margin for seeking the tectonic causes of geochemical variations; the regional variation has both a high amplitude and structure, including flat areas and gradients. -
ITINERARY Fast We Continue Climbing the Ridge to the Summit of DAY 1: Arrive to Guatemala City International Airport and Volcan Zunil
DAY 9: After an early break- ITINERARY fast we continue climbing the ridge to the summit of DAY 1: Arrive to Guatemala City International Airport and Volcan Zunil. We descend transfer to Antigua. through cloud and bam- DAY 2: A day for sightseeing in this boo forest into the Zunil fascinating old Spanish Colonial city, Valley and we visit the hot now a World Heritage Site. springs of Fuente Georgi- nas. DAY 3: Our volcano odyssey begins with a short but exciting ascent of DAY 10: Our next objective is Santa Maria (3770m). We make smoking Pacaya overlooking Guate- an early start for the 5 hour trek and aim to reach the summit mala City. We reach a high point of by lunchtime. We have a bird’s eye view into the fiery crater of approximately 2100 meters on this the nearby active Volcan Santiaguto. very active volcano before returning DAY 11: A long day to reach the highest point in Central Amer- to Antigua. ica. Beginning with a drive to the village of Tuican, we climb DAY 4: Driving to the small settlement of La Soledad we begin Tajumulco and descend to a camp (c.3000m). our ascent of Acatenango (3975m). Our overnight camp is DAY 12: After a short trek we transfer to Lake Atitlan. From spectacularly located just below the summit on the saddle the colourful Indian town of Panajachal we take a boat to our between Acatenango and Fuego. Here we have amazing hotel, the Casa del Mundo. views of Fuego’s eruptions. DAY 13: The final volcano of our ad- DAY 5: After admiring the sunrise and a hearty breakfast we venture is San Pedro (3040m) which ascend Fuego to a safe distance for viewing its regular erup- gives us breathtaking views over tions and return to the saddle. -
A Proposal to Conduct a Caribbean Plate Project Involving the Application of Space Technology to the Study of Caribbean Geology
General Disclaimer One or more of the Following Statements may affect this Document This document has been reproduced from the best copy furnished by the organizational source. It is being released in the interest of making available as much information as possible. This document may contain data, which exceeds the sheet parameters. It was furnished in this condition by the organizational source and is the best copy available. This document may contain tone-on-tone or color graphs, charts and/or pictures, which have been reproduced in black and white. This document is paginated as submitted by the original source. Portions of this document are not fully legible due to the historical nature of some of the material. However, it is the best reproduction available from the original submission. Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) A PROPOSAI. TO CONDUCT A CARIBBEAN PLATE PROJECT INVOLVING THE APPLICATION OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY TO THE STUDY OF CARIBBEAN GEOLOGY LPI Technical Report Number 81-02 LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE 3303 NASA ROAD I HOUSTON, TEXAS 77058 1\ A PROPOSAL TO CONDUCT A CARIBBEAN PLATE PROJECT INVOLVING THE APPLICATION OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY TO THE STUDY OF CARIBBEAN GEOLOGY Editor: Geoffrey Wadge Lunar and Planetary Institute 3303 NASA Road 1 Houston, Texas 77058 LPI Technical Report 51-02 Compiled in 1981 by the LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE The Institute is operated by Universities Space Research Association under Contract N AS W-3389 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Material in this document may be copied without restraint for library, abstract service, educational or personal research purposes; however, republication of any portion requires the written permission of the authors as well as appropriate acknowledgment of this publication.