ThoracicThoracic andand LumbarLumbar SpineSpine AnatomyAnatomy

www.fisiokinesiterapia.biz ThoracicThoracic VertebraeVertebrae

„ Bodies „ Pedicles „ Laminae „ Spinous Processes „ Transverse Processes „ Inferior & Superior Facets „ Distinguishing Feature – Costal Fovea ƒ T1 ƒ T2-T8 ƒ T9-12 ThoracicThoracic VertebraeVertebrae andand RibRib JunctionJunction

„ FunctionsFunctions ofof ThoracicThoracic SpineSpine – Costovertebral Joint – Costotransverse Joint „ MotionsMotions – All available – Flexion and extension limited – T7-T12 LumbarLumbar SpineSpine

„ BodiesBodies „ PediclesPedicles „ LaminaeLaminae „ TransverseTransverse ProcessProcess „ SpinousSpinous ProcessProcess „ ArticularArticular FacetsFacets LumbarLumbar SpineSpine

„ ThoracolumbarThoracolumbar FasciaFascia LumbarLumbar SpineSpine

„ IliolumbarIliolumbar LigamentsLigaments „ FunctionsFunctions ofof LumbarLumbar SpineSpine – Resistance of anterior translation – Resisting Rotation – Weight Support – Motion IntervertebralIntervertebral DisksDisks

„ RatioRatio betweenbetween diskdisk thicknessthickness andand vertebralvertebral bodybody heightheight „ DiskDisk CompositionComposition – Nucleus pulposis – Annulus Fibrosis SpinalSpinal LigamentsLigaments

„ AnteriorAnterior LongitudinalLongitudinal „ PosteriorPosterior LongitudinalLongitudinal „ LigamentumLigamentum FlavumFlavum „ InterspinousInterspinous LigamentsLigaments „ SupraspinousSupraspinous LigamentsLigaments „ IntertransverseIntertransverse LigamentsLigaments SpinalSpinal CurvesCurves

„ PosteriorPosterior ViewView „ SagittalSagittal ViewView – Primary – Secondary DeepDeep MusclesMuscles ofof thethe BackBack (Erector(Erector SpinaeSpinae)) IliocostalisIliocostalis

„„ IliocostalisIliocostalis lumborumlumborum „„ IliocostalisIliocostalis ThoracisThoracis „„ IliocostalisCervicisIliocostalisCervicis

IliocostalisIliocostalis LumborumLumborum

„ O – Common tendon origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber vertebrae „ I – Lower borders ribs 6-12 „ N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ F – Bilateral ƒ Spinal extension ƒ Maintenance of erect posture ƒ Stabilization of spine during flexion – Unilateral ƒ Lateral flexion ƒ Ipsilateral rotation IliocostalisIliocostalis ThoracisThoracis

„ OO – Upper borders rib 6-12 „ II – Lower borders ribs 1-6 „ NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ FF – Bilateral ƒ Same as above – Unilateral ƒ Same as above IliocostalisIliocostalis CervicisCervicis

„ OO – Angles ribs 1-6 „ II – C4-6 transverse processes „ NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ FF – Same as above LongissimusLongissimus

„„ LongissimusLongissimus ThoracisThoracis „„ LongissimusLongissimus CervicisCervicis „„ LongissimusLongissimus CapitusCapitus LongissimusLongissimus ThoracisThoracis

„ OO – Common tendon origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber vertebrae „ II – T1-12 transverse processes „ NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ FF – Same as above LongissimusLongissimus CervicisCervicis

„ OO – T1-5 transverse processes „ II – C2-6 transverse processes „ NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ FF – Same as above LongissimusLongissimus CapitusCapitus

„ O – T1-5 transverse processes – C5-7 articular processes „ I – Posterior mastoid process „ N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ F – Extends and rotates head SpinalisSpinalis

„„ SpinalisSpinalis ThoracisThoracis „„ SpinalisSpinalis CervicisCervicis „„ SpinalisSpinalis CapitusCapitus SpinalisSpinalis ThoracisThoracis

„ OO – Common tendon origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber vertebrae „ II – T3-8 spinous processes „ NN – Dorsal rami pf spinal nerves „ FF – Same as above SpinalisSpinalis CervicisCervicis

„ OO – C6-T12 spinous processes „ II – C2 spinous process „ NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ FF – Same as above SpinalisSpinalis CapitisCapitis

„ O – Spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic „ I – Between superiior and inferior nuchal line on occiput „ N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ F – Same as above TransversospinalTransversospinal MusclesMuscles

„„ SemispinalisSemispinalis thoracisthoracis „„ SemispinalisSemispinalis CervicisCervicis „„ SemispinalisSemispinalis CapitusCapitus SemispinalisSemispinalis ThoracisThoracis

„ OO – T6-10 transverse processes „ II – C6 – T4 spinous processes „ NN – Sorsal rami of spinal nerves „ FF – Same as above SemispinalisSemispinalis CervicisCervicis

„ OO – T1-T6 spinous processes „ II – C2-5 spinous processes „ NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ FF – Same as above SemispinalisSemispinalis CapitisCapitis

„ O – C4-7 transverse processes – T1-7 vertebrae „ I – Between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occiput „ N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves „ F – Same as above MultifidusMultifidus

„ O – Transverse processes C4- L5 – Sacrum – PSIS „ I – Spinous process of vert above origin „ N – Spinal nerve roots „ F – Extend and lateral flexion of vertebral column QuadratusQuadratus LumborumLumborum

„ O – Iliolumbar Ligament – Iliac crest „ I – Lower border 12th rib – L1-L4 transverse processes „ N – ventral branches of T12 and L1 to L4. „ F – Pelvis elevation – Trunk extension – Trunk lateral flexion – Pulls down rib 12 to fix origin of diaphragm RotatoresRotatores

„ O – Transverse processes from axis to sacrum „ I – Laminae of vert above „ N – Direct branches over spinal nerve roots „ F – Spine extension – Rotation to opposite side