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Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Anatomy

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Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Anatomy ThoracicThoracic andand LumbarLumbar SpineSpine AnatomyAnatomy www.fisiokinesiterapia.biz ThoracicThoracic VertebraeVertebrae Bodies Pedicles Laminae Spinous Processes Transverse Processes Inferior & Superior Facets Distinguishing Feature – Costal Fovea T1 T2-T8 T9-12 ThoracicThoracic VertebraeVertebrae andand RibRib JunctionJunction FunctionsFunctions ofof ThoracicThoracic SpineSpine – Costovertebral Joint – Costotransverse Joint MotionsMotions – All available – Flexion and extension limited – T7-T12 LumbarLumbar SpineSpine BodiesBodies PediclesPedicles LaminaeLaminae TransverseTransverse ProcessProcess SpinousSpinous ProcessProcess ArticularArticular FacetsFacets LumbarLumbar SpineSpine ThoracolumbarThoracolumbar FasciaFascia LumbarLumbar SpineSpine IliolumbarIliolumbar LigamentsLigaments FunctionsFunctions ofof LumbarLumbar SpineSpine – Resistance of anterior translation – Resisting Rotation – Weight Support – Motion IntervertebralIntervertebral DisksDisks RatioRatio betweenbetween diskdisk thicknessthickness andand vertebralvertebral bodybody heightheight DiskDisk CompositionComposition – Nucleus pulposis – Annulus Fibrosis SpinalSpinal LigamentsLigaments AnteriorAnterior LongitudinalLongitudinal PosteriorPosterior LongitudinalLongitudinal LigamentumLigamentum FlavumFlavum InterspinousInterspinous LigamentsLigaments SupraspinousSupraspinous LigamentsLigaments IntertransverseIntertransverse LigamentsLigaments SpinalSpinal CurvesCurves PosteriorPosterior ViewView SagittalSagittal ViewView – Primary – Secondary DeepDeep MusclesMuscles ofof thethe BackBack (Erector(Erector SpinaeSpinae)) IliocostalisIliocostalis IliocostalisIliocostalis lumborumlumborum IliocostalisIliocostalis ThoracisThoracis IliocostalisCervicisIliocostalisCervicis IliocostalisIliocostalis LumborumLumborum O – Common tendon origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber vertebrae I – Lower borders ribs 6-12 N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves F – Bilateral Spinal extension Maintenance of erect posture Stabilization of spine during flexion – Unilateral Lateral flexion Ipsilateral rotation IliocostalisIliocostalis ThoracisThoracis OO – Upper borders rib 6-12 II – Lower borders ribs 1-6 NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves FF – Bilateral Same as above – Unilateral Same as above IliocostalisIliocostalis CervicisCervicis OO – Angles ribs 1-6 II – C4-6 transverse processes NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves FF – Same as above LongissimusLongissimus LongissimusLongissimus ThoracisThoracis LongissimusLongissimus CervicisCervicis LongissimusLongissimus CapitusCapitus LongissimusLongissimus ThoracisThoracis OO – Common tendon origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber vertebrae II – T1-12 transverse processes NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves FF – Same as above LongissimusLongissimus CervicisCervicis OO – T1-5 transverse processes II – C2-6 transverse processes NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves FF – Same as above LongissimusLongissimus CapitusCapitus O – T1-5 transverse processes – C5-7 articular processes I – Posterior mastoid process N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves F – Extends and rotates head SpinalisSpinalis SpinalisSpinalis ThoracisThoracis SpinalisSpinalis CervicisCervicis SpinalisSpinalis CapitusCapitus SpinalisSpinalis ThoracisThoracis OO – Common tendon origin in sacrum, iliac crest, lumber vertebrae II – T3-8 spinous processes NN – Dorsal rami pf spinal nerves FF – Same as above SpinalisSpinalis CervicisCervicis OO – C6-T12 spinous processes II – C2 spinous process NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves FF – Same as above SpinalisSpinalis CapitisCapitis O – Spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic I – Between superiior and inferior nuchal line on occiput N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves F – Same as above TransversospinalTransversospinal MusclesMuscles SemispinalisSemispinalis thoracisthoracis SemispinalisSemispinalis CervicisCervicis SemispinalisSemispinalis CapitusCapitus SemispinalisSemispinalis ThoracisThoracis OO – T6-10 transverse processes II – C6 – T4 spinous processes NN – Sorsal rami of spinal nerves FF – Same as above SemispinalisSemispinalis CervicisCervicis OO – T1-T6 spinous processes II – C2-5 spinous processes NN – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves FF – Same as above SemispinalisSemispinalis CapitisCapitis O – C4-7 transverse processes – T1-7 vertebrae I – Between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occiput N – Dorsal rami of spinal nerves F – Same as above MultifidusMultifidus O – Transverse processes C4- L5 – Sacrum – PSIS I – Spinous process of vert above origin N – Spinal nerve roots F – Extend and lateral flexion of vertebral column QuadratusQuadratus LumborumLumborum O – Iliolumbar Ligament – Iliac crest I – Lower border 12th rib – L1-L4 transverse processes N – ventral branches of T12 and L1 to L4. F – Pelvis elevation – Trunk extension – Trunk lateral flexion – Pulls down rib 12 to fix origin of diaphragm RotatoresRotatores O – Transverse processes from axis to sacrum I – Laminae of vert above N – Direct branches over spinal nerve roots F – Spine extension – Rotation to opposite side.
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