Ese Cáncer Que Llamamos Crimen Organizado
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Organized Crime and Terrorist Activity in Mexico, 1999-2002
ORGANIZED CRIME AND TERRORIST ACTIVITY IN MEXICO, 1999-2002 A Report Prepared by the Federal Research Division, Library of Congress under an Interagency Agreement with the United States Government February 2003 Researcher: Ramón J. Miró Project Manager: Glenn E. Curtis Federal Research Division Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 20540−4840 Tel: 202−707−3900 Fax: 202−707−3920 E-Mail: [email protected] Homepage: http://loc.gov/rr/frd/ Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Criminal and Terrorist Activity in Mexico PREFACE This study is based on open source research into the scope of organized crime and terrorist activity in the Republic of Mexico during the period 1999 to 2002, and the extent of cooperation and possible overlap between criminal and terrorist activity in that country. The analyst examined those organized crime syndicates that direct their criminal activities at the United States, namely Mexican narcotics trafficking and human smuggling networks, as well as a range of smaller organizations that specialize in trans-border crime. The presence in Mexico of transnational criminal organizations, such as Russian and Asian organized crime, was also examined. In order to assess the extent of terrorist activity in Mexico, several of the country’s domestic guerrilla groups, as well as foreign terrorist organizations believed to have a presence in Mexico, are described. The report extensively cites from Spanish-language print media sources that contain coverage of criminal and terrorist organizations and their activities in Mexico. -
Mexico: Organized Crime and Drug Trafficking Organizations
Mexico: Organized Crime and Drug Trafficking Organizations June S. Beittel Analyst in Latin American Affairs Updated December 20, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R41576 Mexico: Organized Crime and Drug Trafficking Organizations Summary Mexican drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) pose the greatest crime threat to the United States and have “the greatest drug trafficking influence,” according to the annual U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration’s (DEA’s) National Drug Threat Assessment. These organizations work across the Western Hemisphere and globally. They are involved in extensive money laundering, bribery, gun trafficking, and corruption, and they cause Mexico’s homicide rates to spike. They produce and traffic illicit drugs into the United States, including heroin, methamphetamine, marijuana, and powerful synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and they traffic South American cocaine. Over the past decade, Congress has held numerous hearings addressing violence in Mexico, U.S. counternarcotics assistance, and border security issues. Mexican DTO activities significantly affect the security of both the United States and Mexico. As Mexico’s DTOs expanded their control of the opioids market, U.S. overdoses rose sharply to a record level in 2017, with more than half of the 72,000 overdose deaths (47,000) involving opioids. Although preliminary 2018 data indicate a slight decline in overdose deaths, many analysts believe trafficking continues to evolve toward opioids. The major Mexican DTOs, also referred to as transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), have continued to diversify into such crimes as human smuggling and oil theft while increasing their lucrative business in opioid supply. According to the Mexican government’s latest estimates, illegally siphoned oil from Mexico’s state-owned oil company costs the government about $3 billion annually. -
Since the Beginning of President Felipe Calderon's Drug War in 2006, Mexican Officials Have Held Press Conferences to Show Detained Suspects
Mexico's Drug Culture Since the beginning of President Felipe Calderon's drug war in 2006, Mexican officials have held press conferences to show detained suspects. At the same time the violence persists -- with nearly 60,000 people killed through 2013. Also, an estimated 140,000 people have moved or been displaced because of security issues related to both the gangs and drugs. Some of these photos are very graphic. I personally find them disturbing. However, the truth must be shown. Ciudad Juarez, August 2009: Three young men died in this shootout in the parking lot of a shopping mall. In the first half of that year, more than 1,000 drug war deaths were counted in Juarez alone. The city of 1.3 million has been the center of a drug turf war between the Sinaloa and Juarez cartels. Mexico City, July 2009. Mexico's drug and gang culture has a strong religious streak. Thousands of devotees seen here attend a mass for Santa Muerte, Saint Death, a mythical figure condemned by the Catholic Church but embraced by many poor and criminal elements. This gathering is outside a shrine in Tepito, a neighborhood famous for its street markets brimming with pirated and stolen merchandise. It's home to the most popular Santa Muerte shrine, which sits outside a modest home. On the first day of every month, the shrine fills with followers who come bearing statuettes of the saint. Some pilgrims make their way from the subway on their knees; many smoke weed (la mota) or cigars with their saints. -
Justice-Reform
Mexico Institute SHARED RESPONSIBILITY: U.S.-MEXICO POLICY OPTIONS FOR CONFRONTING ORGANIZED CRIME Edited by Eric L. Olson, David A. Shirk, and Andrew Selee Mexico Institute Available from: Mexico Institute Trans-Border Institute Woodrow Wilson International University of San Diego Center for Scholars 5998 Alcalá Park, IPJ 255 One Woodrow Wilson Plaza San Diego, CA 92110-2492 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20004-3027 www.sandiego.edu/tbi www.wilsoncenter.org/mexico ISBN : 1-933549-61-0 October 2010 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly news-letter “Centerpoint.” For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org. -
Lista De Inscripciones Lista De Inscrições Entry List
LISTA DE INSCRIPCIONES La siguiente información, incluyendo los nombres específicos de las categorías, números de categorías y los números de votación, son confidenciales y propiedad de la Academia Latina de la Grabación. Esta información no podrá ser utilizada, divulgada, publicada o distribuída para ningún propósito. LISTA DE INSCRIÇÕES As sequintes informações, incluindo nomes específicos das categorias, o número de categorias e os números da votação, são confidenciais e direitos autorais pela Academia Latina de Gravação. Estas informações não podem ser utlizadas, divulgadas, publicadas ou distribuídas para qualquer finalidade. ENTRY LIST The following information, including specific category names, category numbers and balloting numbers, is confidential and proprietary information belonging to The Latin Recording Academy. Such information may not be used, disclosed, published or otherwise distributed for any purpose. REGLAS SOBRE LA SOLICITACION DE VOTOS Miembros de La Academia Latina de la Grabación, otros profesionales de la industria, y compañías disqueras no tienen prohibido promocionar sus lanzamientos durante la temporada de voto de los Latin GRAMMY®. Pero, a fin de proteger la integridad del proceso de votación y cuidar la información para ponerse en contacto con los Miembros, es crucial que las siguientes reglas sean entendidas y observadas. • La Academia Latina de la Grabación no divulga la información de contacto de sus Miembros. • Mientras comunicados de prensa y avisos del tipo “para su consideración” no están prohibidos, -
Two Dozen Federal Employees Arrested, Charged with Aiding Drug Traffickers LADB Staff
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository SourceMex Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 10-30-2002 Two Dozen Federal Employees Arrested, Charged with Aiding Drug Traffickers LADB Staff Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/sourcemex Recommended Citation LADB Staff. "Two Dozen Federal Employees Arrested, Charged with Aiding Drug Traffickers." (2002). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/sourcemex/4573 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in SourceMex by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 52918 ISSN: 1054-8890 Two Dozen Federal Employees Arrested, Charged with Aiding Drug Traffickers by LADB Staff Category/Department: Mexico Published: 2002-10-30 Mexican authorities have arrested more than two dozen government employees who are alleged to have been working on behalf of Mexico's prominent drug-trafficking organizations. The arrests were the result of an undercover operation that began in October 2001 and is continuing, said Attorney General Rafael Macedo de la Concha. The suspects, which included retired military personnel, law-enforcement officers and mid- level bureaucrats, are accused of providing inside information to drug traffickers in exchange for payments amounting to thousands of dollars each month. The accused workers, employees of the Procuraduria General de la Republica (PGR), the Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional (SEDENA), and the Secretaria de Seguridad Publica (SSP), relayed strategic information primarily to the cartels headed by Vicente Carrillo Fuentes, Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada, Osiel Cardenas Guillen, and Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman. -
CORRIDO NORTEÑO Y METAL PUNK. ¿Patrimonio Musical Urbano? Su Permanencia En Tijuana Y Sus Transformaciones Durante La Guerra Contra Las Drogas: 2006-2016
CORRIDO NORTEÑO Y METAL PUNK. ¿Patrimonio musical urbano? Su permanencia en Tijuana y sus transformaciones durante la guerra contra las drogas: 2006-2016. Tesis presentada por Pedro Gilberto Pacheco López. Para obtener el grado de MAESTRO EN ESTUDIOS CULTURALES Tijuana, B. C., México 2016 CONSTANCIA DE APROBACIÓN Director de Tesis: Dr. Miguel Olmos Aguilera. Aprobada por el Jurado Examinador: 1. 2. 3. Obviamente a Gilberto y a Roselia: Mi agradecimiento eterno y mayor cariño. A Tania: Porque tú sacrificio lo llevo en mi corazón. Agradecimientos: Al apoyo económico recibido por CONACYT y a El Colef por la preparación recibida. A Adán y Janet por su amistad y por al apoyo desde el inicio y hasta este último momento que cortaron la luz de mi casa. Los vamos a extrañar. A los músicos que me regalaron su tiempo, que me abrieron sus hogares, y confiaron sus recuerdos: Fernando, Rosy, Ángel, Ramón, Beto, Gerardo, Alejandro, Jorge, Alejandro, Taco y Eduardo. Eta tesis no existiría sin ustedes, los recordaré con gran afecto. Resumen. La presente tesis de investigación se inserta dentro de los debates contemporáneos sobre cultura urbana en la frontera norte de México y se resume en tres grandes premisas: la primera es que el corrido y el metal forman parte de dos estructuras musicales de larga duración y cambio lento cuya permanencia es una forma de patrimonio cultural. Para desarrollar esta premisa se elabora una reconstrucción historiográfica desde la irrupción de los géneros musicales en el siglo XIX, pasando a la apropiación por compositores tijuanenses a mediados del siglo XX, hasta llegar al testimonio de primera mano de los músicos contemporáneos. -
Pancho Villa and the Lord of the Skies: Narcocorridos in the Mexican Corrido Tradition
PANCHO VILLA AND THE LORD OF THE SKIES: NARCOCORRIDOS IN THE MEXICAN CORRIDO TRADITION Sarah Goldsworthy Berry History499: Senior Thesis June 13, 2011 ©Sarah Berry, 2011 1 The corrido is a traditional narrative ballad of Mexico. Though it had roots in older, probably Spanish song-forms, the corrido did not come into its own until the late 19th century.1 The popularity of corridos was gradually eclipsed but surged again in the 1970‟s with the successful commercial release of Contrabando y Traición (Smuggling and Betrayal.) Salieron de San Isidro They left for San Isidro, coming Procedentes de Tijuana, from Tijuana, Traían las llantas del carro They had their car tires full of Repletas de yerba mala. "bad grass," (marijuana) Eran Emilio Varela They were Emilio Varela and Y Camelia La Tejana. Camelia the Texan -translation Elijah Wald The song was a huge hit for the band Los Tigres del Norte, and its popularity is widely credited for ushering in the new era of corridos. Termed narcocorridos, these ballads recount the treachery, excitement, and violence surrounding the drug trade. These songs are nearly as controversial as the drug trade itself. Widely perceived as glorifying and even contributing to drug-related violence, the narcocorrido is popular throughout Mexico and the United States, despite condemnation and efforts to ban them from radio airplay. However, the themes they contain are far from new. Tracing the corrido treatment of the themes of smuggling and banditry from the revolutionary era to today, we see that the narcocorrido is deeply rooted in Mexican culture, and like the traditional corrido is a narrative attempt to 1 The origins of the corrido, to what degree they are rooted in Spanish songs, and whether they are exclusively Mexican or in fact can be found in other Latin American countries has been a lively debate, and is far from a settled issue. -
Colegio De Humanidades Y Ciencias Sociales
COLEGIO DE HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS SOCIALES LICENCIATURA EN COMUNICACIÓN Y CULTURA La representación de la figura femenina en el discurso de la música popular mexicana TRABAJO RECEPCIONAL QUE PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO DE LICENCIADO EN COMUNICACIÓN Y CULTURA PRESENTA: UBALDO HERNÁNDEZ CASTELÁN DIRECTORA Dra. Adriana Peimbert Reyes Ciudad de México, mayo de 2018. ~ 1 ~ SISTEMA BIBLIOTECARIO DE INFORMACIÓN Y DOCUMENTACIÓN UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE LA CIUDAD DE MÉXICO COORDINACIÓN ACADÉMICA RESTRICCIONES DE USO PARA LAS TESIS DIGITALES DERECHOS RESERVADOS© La presente obra y cada uno de sus elementos está protegido por la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor; por la Ley de la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, así como lo dispuesto por el Estatuto General Orgánico de la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México; del mismo modo por lo establecido en el Acuerdo por el cual se aprueba la Norma mediante la que se Modifican, Adicionan y Derogan Diversas Disposiciones del Estatuto Orgánico de la Universidad de la Ciudad de México, aprobado por el Consejo de Gobierno el 29 de enero de 2002, con el objeto de definir las atribuciones de las diferentes unidades que forman la estructura de la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México como organismo público autónomo y lo establecido en el Reglamento de Titulación de la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México. Por lo que el uso de su contenido, así como cada una de las partes que lo integran y que están bajo la tutela de la Ley Federal de Derecho de Autor, obliga a quien haga uso de la presente obra a considerar que solo lo realizará si es para fines educativos, académicos, de investigación o informativos y se compromete a citar esta fuente, así como a su autor ó autores. -
Capos, Reinas Y Santos - La Narcocultura En México
iMex. México Interdisciplinario. Interdisciplinary Mexico, año 2, n° 3, invierno/winter 2012 Capos, reinas y santos - la narcocultura en México Günther Maihold / Rosa María Sauter de Maihold (UNAM / El Colegio de México; Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, Berlín) En las instalaciones de la Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, en la capital mexicana, existe desde 1985 el museo probablemente más completo sobre el mundo del narcotráfico. Este narcomuseo, que no está abierto al público, exhibe los procedimientos de producción y distribución de la droga y dispone también de una sala denominada 'Narcocultura' en la que se muestran las joyas, las armas, la vestimenta y los relicarios que les han sido decomisados a los narcotraficantes. La colección ofrece desde una Colt 38 de oro con incrustaciones de esmeraldas, una AK-47 con una palmera de oro en la cacha, una pistola con placas conmemorativas del día de la Independencia en oro, chamarras antibalas y pijamas blindados hasta la vestimenta 'típica', los celulares con marco de oro e incrustaciones de diamantes, relojes de marca con los más inverosímiles y caros adornos, San Judas Tadeo en platino y joyas de incalculable valor. En aras del derroche de riqueza en estos objetos, se podría considerar la narcocultura como una cultura de la ostentación y una cultura del "todo vale para salir de pobre, una afirmación pública de que para qué se es rico si no es para lucirlo y exhibirlo" (Rincón 2012: 2). No obstante, esta cultura de 'nuevos ricos' que inspiran su modus vivendi en el imaginario que tienen de la vida del rico1 posee sus particularidades: es una estética del poder basado en los recursos materiales y simbólicos que manejan, y el mensaje es el de la impunidad, el de encontrarse por encima de la ley y su capacidad de imponer su propio orden y su propia justicia. -
Find Ebook # Mexican Drug Traffickers
P9YPVUBKHGJ0 / Kindle // Mexican drug traffickers Mexican drug traffickers Filesize: 4.54 MB Reviews This publication is really gripping and exciting. It really is basic but unexpected situations in the 50 % in the book. It is extremely difficult to leave it before concluding, once you begin to read the book. (Prof. Salvador Lynch) DISCLAIMER | DMCA MKGOXQF4ALEA ~ PDF // Mexican drug traffickers MEXICAN DRUG TRAFFICKERS Reference Series Books LLC Sep 2012, 2012. Taschenbuch. Book Condition: Neu. 245x189x10 mm. Neuware - Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 38. Chapters: Beltrán-Leyva Cartel traickers, Colima Cartel traickers, Guadalajara Cartel traickers, Gulf Cartel traickers, Juárez Cartel traickers, La Familia Cartel traickers, Los Zetas, Sinaloa Cartel traickers, Sonora Cartel traickers, Tijuana Cartel traickers, Joaquín Guzmán Loera, List of Mexico's 37 most-wanted drug lords, Juan García Abrego, Edgar Valdez Villarreal, Arturo Beltrán Leyva, Amado Carrillo Fuentes, Zhenli Ye Gon, Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, Miguel Treviño Morales, Sandra Ávila Beltrán, Heriberto Lazcano Lazcano, Vicente Carrillo Fuentes, Ismael Zambada García, Teodoro García Simental, Héctor Beltrán Leyva, Juan José Esparragoza Moreno, Los Negros, Nazario Moreno González, Jorge Lopez-Orozco, Carlos Beltrán Leyva, Antonio Cárdenas Guillén, Héctor Luis Palma Salazar, Rafael Caro Quintero, Carlos Rosales Mendoza, Miguel Caro Quintero, Sergio Villarreal Barragán, Alfredo Beltrán Leyva, Servando Gómez Martínez, Eduardo Ravelo, Ramón Arellano Félix, Benjamín Arellano Félix, Osiel -
The Drog Trafficking Phenomenom
Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………………1 Chapter I 1. Drug Trafficking Organizations and their historical context……………3 1.1 Pioneering DTOs and their operational standards. 1.2 Transitional period and the advent of a brand new generation of DTOs. 1.3 The Narco Juniors. 1.4 Nowadays. Chapter II 2. Drug Trafficking Organizations revenues in black and white.................15 2.1 The underlying econom y of the DTOs a) A series of estimates. b) Drug Trafficking as a family enterprise, and regional span. c) Money Laundering. Chapter III 3. Comparative analysis..................................................................................21 3.3 Bolivia. Chapter IV 4. Organized Crime and its economic cycle…………………………………28 a) An analysis from an economic perspective b) Is legalization an option? 5. Conclusions………………………………………………………………..….39 6. Bibliography………………………………………………………..…………42 Introduction The essay you are about to read, tries to explain the rising development and growth of the organized crime in Mexico, how it came to be, grow, collision and mutate. Being as is a criminal phenomenon, wherein different players reap benefits, an economic perspective is necessary, pinpointing the estimated profits and revenues of organized crime. Likewise, we refer to the evolution of one of the countries that amazingly enough is one of tradition when it comes to production and consumption of narcotics: Bolivia, which had an apparently successful eradication experience for some years, by implementing public policies that managed to change coca leaf producer activities, though today a former coca leaf producer union leader rules the country. On the last chapter of this essay, a reflection is made in order to reinforce, redirect the anti drug trafficking policy implemented by the federal government, pondering on a new economic approach that might be given to criminal law, analyzing the drivers that lie behind organized crime.