Masterthese 2012-04-15

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Masterthese 2012-04-15 Die approbierte Originalversion dieser Diplom-/Masterarbeit ist an der Hauptbibliothek der Technischen Universität Wien aufgestellt (http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.at). The approved originalMSc version Program of this diploma or master thesis is available at the main library of the Vienna University of Technology (http://www.ub.tuwien.ac.at/englweb/Immobilienmanagement). & Bewertung Ausgliederungen staatlicher Immobilien im europäischen Vergleich Master Thesis zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades „Master of Science” eingereicht bei Mag. Peter Höflechner MRICS Christian Huber 0226764 Wien, April 2012 Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich, CHRISTIAN HUBER, versichere hiermit 1. dass ich die vorliegende Master These, "AUSGLIEDERUNGEN STAATLICHER IMMOBILIEN IM EUROPÄISCHEN VERGLEICH", 109 Seiten, gebunden, selbständig verfasst, andere als die angegebenen Quellen und Hilfsmittel nicht benutzt und mich auch sonst keiner unerlaubten Hilfen bedient habe, und 2. dass ich diese Master These bisher weder im Inland noch im Ausland in irgendeiner Form als Prüfungsarbeit vorgelegt habe. Wien, 17.04.2012 Unterschrift Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitendes Vorwort ...............................................................................................1 1.1. Terminologie ......................................................................................................4 2. Deutschland und die Bundesanstalt für Immobilienaufgaben (BImA) ................7 2.1. Ausgliederungsrechtsformen ...............................................................................8 2.2. Allgemeines über die Gesellschaft für staatliche Immobilienaufgaben ................9 2.3. Das Unternehmen und deren Aufgaben ............................................................. 11 2.4. Organisation des Unternehmens ........................................................................ 15 2.4.1. Facility Management .............................................................................................................. 16 2.5. Schlussfolgerung .............................................................................................. 19 3. Tschechische Republik und die Gesellschaft für staatliche Immobilien Angelegenheiten (OGRPA) .................................................................................... 21 3.1. Die Gesellschaft OGRPA .................................................................................. 22 3.2. Position und Rolle innerhalb des Staates ........................................................... 24 3.3. Struktur der Gesellschaft ................................................................................... 26 3.4. Vertretung des Staates und der Stadtverwaltungen bei Gericht .......................... 28 3.5. Schlussfolgerung .............................................................................................. 29 4. Spanien und sein System zur Handhabung nationaler Immobilien .................... 30 4.1. Der Begriff der „staatlichen Immobilie“ ............................................................ 32 4.2. Organisation und Verwaltung durch das „Nationale Liegenschafts–Direktorat“ 33 4.3. Zukünftige Entwicklung ................................................................................... 35 5. Dänemark und die Gesellschaft der Palaces and Property Agency (PPA) .......... 36 5.1. Agentur zur Verwaltung und Erhaltung staatlicher Liegenschaften ................... 38 5.2. PPA und Ihre Gesellschaftliche Struktur ........................................................... 39 5.3. Zahlen und Größe des Unternehmens ................................................................ 41 5.4. Entwicklung der Agentur .................................................................................. 41 5.5. Öffentliches Interesse ........................................................................................ 42 5.6. Die Management Prinzipien der Agentur PPA .................................................. 44 5.7. Wertvorstellungen der Agentur PPA ................................................................. 45 5.8. Das Regierungs- Modernisierungs- Programm .................................................. 46 5.9. Code of Conduct innerhalb der Agentur PPA .................................................... 47 5.10. Schlussfolgerung ............................................................................................. 49 6. Finnland und „Senate Properties“ ........................................................................ 50 6.1. Senate Properties - Organisationsaufbau und seine Aufgaben ............................ 51 6.2. Tätigkeitsbereiche im Jahr 2010 ........................................................................ 52 6.3. Zahlen und Größe des Unternehmens ................................................................ 54 6.4. Vorgaben seitens des Parlamentes ..................................................................... 56 6.4.1. Investitionsbedingungen ......................................................................................................... 57 6.5. Vorgaben seitens des Finanzministeriums ......................................................... 58 6.6. Zukünftige Betrachtung .................................................................................... 59 ii 7. Estland und die staatliche Immobilienpolitik ....................................................... 61 7.1. Historische Ausgangspunkte der immobilienbezogenen Aktivitäten des estnischen Staates ............................................................................................. 62 7.2. Riigi Kinnisvara – die Staatsimmobilien AG ..................................................... 64 7.3. Vorgaben seitens des Parlamentes ..................................................................... 67 7.4. Schlussfolgerung .............................................................................................. 68 8. Litauen ................................................................................................................... 70 8.1. Staatliche Liegenschaftstransaktionen ............................................................... 71 8.1.1. Ablauf einer staatlichen Privatisierung................................................................................... 72 8.1.2. Durchgeführte Transaktionen ................................................................................................. 73 8.2. State Property Fund .......................................................................................... 75 8.2.1. Organisationsaufbau State Property Fund .............................................................................. 78 8.3. Schlussfolgerung .............................................................................................. 79 9. Conclusio und Ausblick ......................................................................................... 80 10. Zusammenfassung ............................................................................................... 86 Kurzfassung ......................................................................................................... 90 Abkürzungsverzeichnis ....................................................................................... 91 Literaturverzeichnis und Angabe sonstiger Quellen .......................................... 92 Literaturverzeichnis ............................................................................................ 92 Verzeichnis sonstiger Quellen ............................................................................. 94 Abbildungsverzeichnis ......................................................................................... 96 Anhang Arten der Ausgliederungen ................................................................................. 99 Privatrechtliche Ausgliederungen........................................................................ 99 Öffentlich-rechtliche Ausgliederungsform ........................................................ 101 Personalrechtliche Zusammenhänge ................................................................. 102 Gründe zu Ausgliederungsmaßnahmen ............................................................. 105 Erfüllung der Maastricht Kriterien .................................................................... 107 Wirtschaftspolitische Schlussfolgerungen ......................................................... 108 iii 1. Einleitendes Vorwort In den vergangenen Jahren, ist eine stetige Steigerung des öffentlichen Interesses an den Aktivitäten des Staatshaushaltes zu vermerken. Umstrukturierungsmaßnahmen im Bereich des Immobilienmanagements der öffentlichen Hand, sei es durch Bürokratieabbau und Orientierung an den Organisationsformen der freien Wirtschaft, oder Optimierung und Effizienzsteigerung der Staatsausgaben, sind dadurch in den Fokus der öffentlichen Betrachtung gelangt. Diese Arbeit soll dazu beitragen diesen Umstrukturierungsprozess zu dokumentieren und auf vergleichende Weise die Tätigkeiten der österreichischen Bundesimmobiliengesellschaft darstellen. Der aktuell und zukünftig verstärkte Verschmelzungsprozess der freien Wirtschaft und des Staatsvermögens und hier im Besonderen des damit verbundenen Verwaltungsapparates, soll durch diese Arbeit unterstützt werden und Einblicke in der Tätigkeiten, nach Erhebungen von ökonomischen Daten, ermöglichen. In Zeiten der Globalisierung und des „näher Aneinanderrückens“ durch die aktuellen Grenzöffnungen und den damit verbundenen Beitritten zu den
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